Northern European countries. The countries of Europe and their capitals briefly. European Union Climate of the Nordic countries

These include: Denmark, Norway, Iceland, Faroe Islands, Finland, Sweden. The total area of ​​the region is 1.3 million square meters. km, the population is about 23 million people. The main direction of agriculture is animal husbandry. The share of livestock products in o … World sheep breeding

Northern part of Western Europe; the concept is historical and geographical in nature. Usually in Sev. Europe includes the Scandinavian countries (Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Denmark) as well as Finland. Sometimes to Sev. Europe is also referred to as northern. part… … Geographic Encyclopedia

VI. NORTHERN EUROPE- UK and Ireland. 9000 3000 BC Mesolithic. 3000 1800 BC Windmill Hill culture (Neolithic). 1800-1600 BC Peterborough and Skara Bre cultures (Neolithic). 1900 1200 BC culture of bell-shaped goblets (bronze). 1600 1100 BC… … Rulers of the World

VI. NORTHERN EUROPE - complete- … Rulers of the World

Europe- (Europe) Europe is a densely populated, highly urbanized part of the world named after a mythological goddess, forming together with Asia the continent of Eurasia and having an area of ​​​​about 10.5 million km² (about 2% of the total Earth area) and ... Encyclopedia of the investor

This term has other meanings, see Europe (meanings). Political map of Europe ... Wikipedia

This article contains an unfinished translation from French. You can help the project by translating it to the end ... Wikipedia

On the map of the hemisphere of North America (eng. North America, fr. ... Wikipedia

Europe (Greek Europe, from Assyrian erebus - west; in ancient Greece, this was the name of the territories lying to the west of the Aegean Sea), part of the world, the western part of the Eurasian continent. I. General information In the north, Europe is washed by the Arctic Ocean and ... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia

North Star Service ... Wikipedia

Books

• , Chernysheva O.V., Komarov A.A. (Ed.). The collection chronologically covers the period from the early Middle Ages to the present day. Of particular interest are materials on modern and recent history: political events in Sweden - elections in ...
• Northern Europe. Problems of history. Issue 8, . The collection chronologically covers the period from the early Middle Ages to the present day. Of particular interest are materials on modern and recent history: political events in Sweden - elections in ...

The plains of Fennoscandia, the islands of Iceland and Spitsbergen make up the northern part of Europe. The population living in these parts is 4% of the inhabitants of the whole and is 20% of the whole of Europe.

8 small states located on these lands make up the countries of Northern Europe. eights - Sweden, and the smallest - Iceland. According to the state system, only three countries are constitutional monarchies - Sweden, Norway and Denmark, the rest are republics.

Northern Europe. Participating countries:

• Estonia;
• Denmark;
• Latvia;
• Finland;
• Lithuania;
• Sweden.

Northern European countries - NATO members - Iceland and Norway.

Northern European countries. Population

Throughout Europe, 52% of men live, and 48% of women. In these parts, the population density is considered the lowest in Europe and in the densely populated southern regions it is no more than 22 people per 1 m2 (in Iceland - 3 people / m2). This is facilitated by the harsh northern climatic zone. Denmark is more evenly populated. The urban part of the northern European population is mainly concentrated in the metropolitan areas. The rate of natural growth of this area is considered low and is approximately 4%. Most of the inhabitants profess Christianity - Catholicism or Protestantism.

Northern countries of Europe. Natural resources

Northern European countries have large reserves of natural resources. Iron, copper, molybdenum ores are mined on the territory of the Scandinavian Peninsula, natural gas and oil are mined in the Norwegian and North Seas, and coal is mined on the Svalbard archipelago. Scandinavian countries have rich water resources. Nuclear power plants and hydroelectric power plants play an important role here. Iceland uses thermal water as a source of electricity.

Northern European countries. Agricultural complex

The agro-industrial complex of the northern European countries consists of fishing, agriculture and animal husbandry. Meat predominates - dairy direction (in Iceland - sheep breeding). Among the crops grown cereals - rye, potatoes, wheat, sugar beets, barley.

Economy

Many indicators of economic development prove that the Nordic countries are in the lead in the entire world economy. Unemployment and inflation rates, public finances and growth dynamics differ significantly from other European areas. No wonder the North European model of economic growth is recognized as the most attractive in the world community. Many indicators were influenced by the effectiveness of the use of national resources and foreign policy. The economy of this model is built on high-quality exported products. This applies to the production of metal products and goods of the pulp and paper industry, the timber processing industry, the machine-building industry, as well as ore deposits. The main trading partners of the Nordic countries in foreign trade are the Western European countries and the United States. Three quarters of Iceland's export structure is

Europe is a unique continent - it is not surrounded by water on all sides, and has a conditional land border with neighboring Asia. From a scientific point of view, Europe is part of the large continent of Eurasia, that is, there is no separate continent of Europe.

But from a geopolitical point of view, Europe stands out as a territory surrounded by the Arctic Ocean in the north, the Atlantic Ocean in the west, the Mediterranean Sea in the south, and the Black Sea in the southeast.

States of Europe

The territory of Europe stretches from east to west for more than 3,000 kilometers, and from south to north for 5,000 kilometers (from Crete to Svalbard). The powers of Europe are for the most part comparatively small. With such a small size of the territories, they have good transport infrastructure and close economic ties.
According to most classifications, the European continent is divided territorially into parts: western; eastern; northern; southern. All the powers on the European continent belong to one of these territories.

• There are 11 countries in Western Europe.
• In the eastern - 10 (including Russia).
• In the north - 8.
• In the south - 15.

Let's list all the countries of Europe and their capitals. We will divide the list of countries and capitals of Europe into four parts according to the territorial and geographical position of the powers on the world map.

The most visited countries in Europe are United Kingdom and Germany.

We will first list all countries in alphabetical order, and then - by parts of Europe. To whom it is more convenient - look there.

(function(w, d, n, s, t) ( w[n] = w[n] || ; w[n].push(function() ( Ya.Context.AdvManager.render(( blockId: "RA -256054-1", renderTo: "yandex_rtb_R-A-256054-1", async: true )); )); t = d.getElementsByTagName("script"); s = d.createElement("script"); s .type = "text/javascript"; s.src = "//an.yandex.ru/system/context.js"; s.async = true; t.parentNode.insertBefore(s, t); ))(this , this.document, "yandexContextAsyncCallbacks");

Unrecognized

Western Europe

Austria and Germany, according to separate classifications, refers to.

The states of Western Europe are washed mainly by the currents of the Atlantic Ocean and only in the north of the Scandinavian Peninsula border on the waters of the Arctic Ocean.

In general, these are highly developed and prosperous powers. But they are distinguished by an unfavorable demographic situation. Birth rate and low natural increase of inhabitants. In Germany, there is even a decline in population. All this led to the fact that developed Western Europe began to play the role of a subregion in the global system of population migration, it turned into the main center of labor immigration.

Eastern Europe

Hungary, Poland, Slovakia and the Czech Republic also belong to separate classifications.

The states of Eastern Europe have a lower level of economic development than their Western neighbors. However, they better preserved their cultural and ethnic identity.

Eastern Europe is more of a cultural and historical region than a geographical one. The Russian expanses can also be attributed to the eastern territory of Europe. And the geographical center of Eastern Europe is located approximately within Ukraine.

Northern Europe

The territories of the states of the Scandinavian Peninsula, Jutland, the Baltic States, the islands of Svalbard and Iceland are included in the northern part of Europe. The population of these regions is only 4% of the total European. Sweden is the largest country in the G8 and Iceland is the smallest. The population density in these lands is lower in Europe - 22 people / m2, and in Iceland - only 3 people / m2. This is due to the harsh conditions of the climatic zone. But the economic indicators of development distinguish northern Europe as the leader of the entire world economy.

Southern Europe

Slovenia also belongs to separate classifications.

The Balkan and Iberian Peninsulas are occupied by these South European powers. Industry is developed here, especially ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy. The countries are rich in mineral resources. In agriculture, the main efforts are directed to the cultivation of food products, such as: grapes; olives; Garnet; dates. It is known that Spain is the world's leading country in the collection of olives. It is here that 45% of all olive oil in the world is produced. Spain is also famous for its famous artists - Salvador Dali, Pablo Picasso, Joan Miro.

European Union

The countries of Europe have another division in modern history. In 1992, the countries officially united into the European Union (EU). The idea of ​​such a union has been hatched since the middle of the 20th century, but the legal consent of the parties was signed in 1992. Over time, the number of EU members has expanded, now it includes 28 allies. There are still states that have a desire to join the relatively prosperous EU countries, but proving their compliance with the European foundations and high principles of the EU is not easy and not fast.

The main princes that are declared the most important for the EU are the protection of the rights of citizens; democracy; freedom of trade in a developed economy; single customs area.

1. Austria
2. Germany
3. Bulgaria
4. Hungary
5. Romania
6. Czech
7. Poland
8. Belgium
9. british kingdom
10. Greece
11. Italy
12. Spanish Kingdom
13. Ireland
14. France
15. Denmark
16. Sweden
17. Finland
18. Lithuania
19. Latvia
20. Estonia
21. Republic of Cyprus
22. Malta
23. Kingdom of the Netherlands
24. Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
25. Slovenia
26. Slovakia
27. Portugal
28. Croatia

Such countries of Europe as Albania, Serbia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Turkey apply for joining this union. The Association Agreement with the EU was signed by three countries: Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine.

Members of the European Union are subject to a single customs policy and trade with each other without duties and without restrictions. And in relation to other powers, the adopted customs tariff applies. The EU countries have a single monetary currency - the euro. Many EU member states are part of the so-called Schengen zone, which allows their citizens to move freely through the territory of all allies.

The governing bodies of the European Union are the European Parliament, the European Commission, the European Court of Justice, the Audit Community, which controls the EU budget.

Despite the unity, the countries of Europe that have joined the community have complete independence and state sovereignty. Each country uses its own national language and has its own governing bodies. But for all participants there are certain criteria, and they must meet them. For example, coordination of all important political decisions with the European Parliament.

If you do not take into account dependent regions and not fully recognized states, then Europe for 2017 covers 44 powers. Each of them has a capital in which not only its administration is located, but also the highest authority, that is, the government of the state.

In contact with

States of Europe

The territory of Europe stretches from east to west for more than 3 thousand kilometers, and from south to north (from the island of Crete to the island of Svalbard) for 5 thousand kilometers. The European powers are, for the most part, comparatively small. With such small sizes of territories and good transport accessibility, these states either closely border on each other or are separated by very small distances.

The European continent is divided territorially into parts:

• western;
• eastern;
• northern;
• southern.

All powers located on the European continent belong to one of these territories.

• There are 11 countries in the western region.
• In the east - 10 (including Russia).
• In the north - 8.
• In the south - 15.

Let's list all the countries of Europe and their capitals. We will divide the list of countries and capitals of Europe into four parts according to the territorial and geographical position of the powers on the world map.

Western

List of states belonging to Western Europe, with a list of main cities:

The states of Western Europe are washed mainly by the currents of the Atlantic Ocean and only in the north of the Scandinavian Peninsula border on the waters of the Arctic Ocean. In general, these are highly developed and prosperous powers. But they are distinguished by an unfavorable demographic situation. This is a low birth rate and a low level of natural growth of inhabitants. In Germany, there is even a decline in population. All this led to the fact that developed Western Europe began to play the role of a subregion in the global system of population migration, it turned into the main center of labor immigration.

Eastern

List of states located in the eastern zone of the European continent and their capitals:

The states of Eastern Europe have a lower level of economic development than their Western neighbors. But, they better preserved cultural and ethnic identity. Eastern Europe is more of a cultural and historical region than a geographical one. The Russian expanses can also be attributed to the eastern territory of Europe. And the geographical center of Eastern Europe is located approximately within Ukraine.

Northern

The list of states that make up northern Europe, including capitals, looks like this:

The territories of the states of the Scandinavian Peninsula, Jutland, the Baltic States, the islands of Svalbard and Iceland are included in the northern part of Europe. The population of these regions is only 4% of the entire European composition. Sweden is the largest country in the G8 and Iceland is the smallest. The population density in these lands is less in Europe - 22 people / m 2, and in Iceland - only 3 people / m 2. This is due to the harsh conditions of the climatic zone. But the economic indicators of development distinguish northern Europe as the leader of the entire world economy.

South

And finally, the most numerous list of territories located in the southern part, and the capitals of European states:

The Balkan and Iberian Peninsulas are occupied by these South European powers. Industry is developed here, especially ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy. The countries are rich in mineral resources. In agriculture, the main efforts focused on the cultivation of food products, such as:

• grape;
• olives;
• Garnet;
• dates.

It is known that Spain is the world's leading country in the collection of olives. It is here that 45% of all olive oil in the world is produced. Spain is also famous for its famous artists - Salvador Dali, Pablo Picasso, Joan Miro.

European Union

The idea of ​​creating a single community of European powers appeared in the middle of the twentieth century, or rather after the Second World War. The official unification of the countries of the European Union (EU) took place only in 1992, when this union was sealed by the legal consent of the parties. Over time, the number of members of the European Union has expanded, and now it includes 28 allies. And states that want to join these prosperous countries will have to prove their compliance with the European foundations and principles of the EU, such as:

• protection of the rights of citizens;
• democracy;
• freedom of trade in a developed economy.

Members of the EU

The European Union for 2017 includes the following states:

There are now applicant countries to join this foreign community. These include:

1. Albania.
2. Serbia.
3. Macedonia.
4. Montenegro.
5. Turkey.

On the map of the European Union, you can clearly see its geography, the countries of Europe and their capitals.

Regulations and prerogatives of EU partners

The EU has a customs policy under which its members can trade with each other without duties and without restrictions. And in relation to other powers, the adopted customs tariff applies. Having common laws, the EU countries created a single market and introduced a single monetary currency - the euro. Many EU member states are part of the so-called Schengen zone, which allows their citizens to move freely through the territory of all allies.

The European Union has common governing bodies for member countries, which include:

• European Court.
• European Parliament.
• European Commission.
• The audit community that controls the EU budget.

Despite unity, the European states that have joined the community have full independence and state sovereignty. Each country uses its own national language and has its own governing bodies. But for all participants there are certain criteria, and they must meet them. For example, coordination of all important political decisions with the European Parliament.

It should be noted that since its founding, only one power has left the European community. It was Danish autonomy - Greenland. In 1985, she was outraged by the low quotas introduced by the European Union for fishing. You can also recall the sensational events in 2016 referendum in the UK, when the population voted to leave the country from the European Union. This suggests that even in such an influential and seemingly stable community, serious problems are brewing.

List of Nordic countries. Tourism: capitals, cities and resorts. Maps of foreign states of the Northern Europe region.

• Tours for May Worldwide
• Hot tours Worldwide

The land of ice and volcanoes, Vikings and fjords, the Nobel Prize and the Niels with wild geese, Northern Europe, also called Scandinavia, is in many ways a unique land. The standard of universalism - from the notorious Swedish families to the Ikea store, orderliness and truly Nordic fortitude, a region with one of the highest living standards in the world, whose citizens demonstrate simply phenomenal examples of a happy, secure old age and the longevity resulting from it, a fiefdom harsh northern nature in all its piercing icy beauty, the birthplace of real men and warlike women, as well as modern queens and kings - all this is about the Scandinavian countries. To feel their soul most clearly, imagine a field of ripe wheat dormant in a milk mist under the morning frost: warmth, comfort, ice, abundance, majestic beauty and stamina - such is Scandinavia, the northernmost part of the Old World.

Previous photo 1/ 1 Next photo

In short, it is customary to refer to Northern Europe the European countries of the cold seas - the Baltic, Norwegian and North (as opposed to the warm southern "Mediterranean" and the western Atlantic). These are Norway and Sweden, dividing the territory of the Scandinavian Peninsula between themselves (poetically speaking, the body of the "tiger" along with the front paws), Finland (its ham and hind legs - well, how can you not remember the famous movie!), As well as Denmark and the "torn off" from the continent of Iceland. These states are close not only geographically, but also boast a common and rather long history, starting from the time when the Goths and Vikings, knowing no borders, roamed the harsh expanses of the peninsula.

Speaking strictly within the framework of geography, several archipelagos are also included here: the Faroe, Shetland and Orkney Islands, as well as the Hebrides, so there is also “island” tourism in Scandinavia.

Northern Europe by bike

The tourist attractions of Northern Europe are magnificent nature (which is worth at least the geysers of Iceland and the notorious volcano with a furious name, as well as fields of hardened lava and hydrogen sulfide thawed patches with the corresponding aroma), a sufficient number of interesting historical sights - from the sites of primitive people to medieval town halls and cathedrals, and futuristic creations of modern architects, as well as a remarkable "skiing" - without the Franco-Italian golden flair, but with northern good quality, generosity and cordiality. As for the ways to travel around Scandinavia, bus tours are extremely common in the region - the benefit of the “busers” is the direct proximity to St. Petersburg and excellent roads. Cruises along the Norwegian fjords are also popular - narrow picturesque bays with crystal clear water and almost sheer slopes covered with forests. Well, for those who cannot imagine life without open spaces of water, we recommend going on a multi-day cruise in the Baltic, calling at Scandinavian ports and visiting northern European capitals.

Well, in winter, Northern Europe is a balm for the soul of those yearning for a real winter - with fluffy snowdrifts above their heads, sprawling fir trees under snow caps, indispensable evening lanterns under snow-covered roofs and other joys of comfort in the middle of January, such as downy socks, a purring cat and mulled wine with your favorite book .