Dendrobium nobile - how to care for a noble flower. Dendrobium orchid home care reproduction by cuttings and children transplant Nobile orchid transplant

With improper care, the plant is susceptible to fungal diseases, especially when the soil is waterlogged, causing root and stem rot. The plant is difficult to save. An urgent transplant into fresh soil can help with the removal of rotten roots and pseudobulbs and the treatment of the remaining ones with crushed charcoal or fungicide (Fundazol, Maxim), followed by drying. After transplanting, you can not water the plant for 10 days.

Possible problems and common questions that arise when growing a noble dendrobium

The stems are shriveled. Wrinkling of pseudobulbs is a normal phenomenon for orchids at the stage of growth of young shoots. The newly appeared sprouts do not yet have their roots and feed on the mother plant, causing some shrinkage of the pseudobulbs. Excessive watering at this time cannot help, but will only cause root rot. In the dry period of dormancy, pseudobulb shrinkage is also observed, but it is impossible to categorically water the plants before the formation of flower buds.

Children grow instead of flowers. To lay flower buds, rest is necessary with the end of the growth of young shoots, when the plant stands in bright light, there are daily temperature fluctuations of about 10 degrees, there is no watering and top dressing. If these conditions are not met, watering is resumed too early, flower buds degenerate into vegetative ones.

Dendrobium not blooming. This happens in the absence or non-strict non-observance of the rest period, or in insufficient lighting.

Leaves are falling. Mature stems may lose some of their leaves during or after flowering. Normally, several lower leaves may fall off or turn yellow, and the fall of the upper ones is most likely associated with the disease.

The pseudobulb turned yellow or turned brown. Normally, the pseudobulb may shrink a little, but remain green or become slightly yellowish. Yellow or brown color - signs of decay, disease and death.

thin young shoots. Young shoots begin to gain volume only after the end of growth, then the formation of pseudobulbs occurs and the sprouts acquire their usual form.

Other types of dendrobiums - on the encyclopedia page Dendrobium.

Kira Stoletova

Orchid Dendrobium (Dendrobium) belongs to the genus of the orchid family, plants differ in shape and variety of flowers, growth and development features. Having studied the rules of care, transplantation and reproduction for the Dendrobium orchid, it will be possible to grow a beautiful flower at home.

Variety Description

Dendrobium (Dendrobium) unpretentious variety, suitable for growing at home. The name Dendrobium in translation means that it grows on a tree. Dendrobium has about 1200 varieties that have their own characteristics. The root system of the plant is represented by a rhizome, which is a shoot that combines pseudobulbs.

Dendrobium orchids at home grow from 40 to 90 cm in height, cylindrical pseudobulbs are located on the stem, lanceolate leaves 5-10 cm. Peduncles grow with 1-4 flowers. In nature, the colors of Dendrobium orchids are different: white, yellow, orange, lilac and others. The birthplace of the flower is Australia, the countries of southern Asia, New Zealand.

Types of orchids

For growing at home, indoor varieties of the Dendrobium Phalaenopsis and Dendrobium Noble varieties (Royal Blue, Beautiful Black, Noble White) are suitable.

Flowers of Dendrobium varieties Noble and Bukeshotsveshny grow and usually do not shed their leaves, but this happens only in some cases.

Other types of Dendrobium orchids are common in the temperate warm zone: Nestor, Polar Fire, Mini, Starklass, Kompaktum, Sena Red, Parisha, Moniliforme.

Dendrobium Pierara

Variety Pierara represents the orchid family, takes off the leaves before flowering. This species belongs to the moderately cold temperature zone. During the leafless phase, orchids are abandoned plants; at the end of the dormant phase, leaves appear on them.

Dendrobium Kinga

Dendrobium Kinga (Kingianum), rock orchid - has cylindrical stems, covered with white scales, grow up to 25-30 cm. Kinga leaves are 10 cm long, 2-3 cm wide, they are large and thin. 5-7 flowers grow on the upper peduncle, their colors are white, with a pink tint, purple. Inflorescences consist of 2-9 flowers, with a diameter of up to 1 cm. In the spring, when sprouts appear, water and fertilize; during the dormant period, stop watering.

Dendrobium Berry

Berry ode is a bush form of a hybrid that blooms from late spring to winter. The flowers are obtained in different shades: from white to dark crimson. It grows up to 30 cm, up to 9 flowers appear on inflorescences.

Dendrobium Phalaenopsis

The second name of the plant is Dendrobium two-humped (Biggibum). The leaves of the plant are dense, rigid, the pseudobulb grows up to 60 cm. The duration of flowering in Dendrobium Phalaenopsis is 3-4 months. Phalaenopsis is a plant that loves warmth, good lighting and 50% humidity. When the pseudobulb buds awaken, a new shoot is formed.

Dendrobium Stardust

Stardust has a thin and long pseudobulb: up to 50 cm long, 1.5-2 cm wide. Leaves are lanceolate, flowers are pale yellow or red-orange with dark veins, reach 6 cm in diameter.

Dendrobium Aggregatum

Dendrobium crowded (Agregatum, Lindley) - it turns out to grow pseudobulbs up to 7 cm in length, they have yellowish, striated colors. Single leaf up to 6 cm long, dark green. The inflorescence has 5-15 golden or yellow flowers with orange lines. The flowers are fragrant up to 4 cm in diameter, they smell like honey. Codid leaves of pale green color grow up to 10 cm in length.

Dendrobium Farmery

Farmeri grows up to 30-45 cm, erect pseudobulbs. The length of the leaves reaches 8-15 cm, grow at the top of the bulb by 2-4 units. Peduncle hanging up to 20-30 cm in length, several peduncles can be produced at the same time. Inflorescences consist of 14-35 flowers with a diameter of up to 5 cm. The flowering period is spring.

Apollo

Apollo is a hybrid with dense pseudobulbs and green leaves. Several flowers with a pleasant smell ripen on peduncles.

Hibiki

Hibiki has beautiful small pink flowers with an orange throat. Flowers are located along the pseudobulb, along its entire length. Bulb height - 12 cm.

Harveyanum

Harveyanum needs to be grown in light, air and water permeable soil for orchids, height from 15 to 23 cm, flowering time is from mid-January to December.

Emma, ​​Sonya

Emma, ​​Sonya - 30-60 cm in height, there are white, pink and gold colors.

Nobile, Akatsuki

Varieties Nobile (Mobile, nobile), Nobi and Akatsuki have a lilac color and a light lip, the flower grows up to 4 cm. The aroma of Dendrobium Nobi, Nobile, Akatsuki is weak floral, saturated in the morning in a sunny place. Plants contain 3-4 pseudobulbs covered with flowers.

Papilio

According to the description, the Papilios dendrobium flower grows from 30 to 45 cm, the soil is suitable for light, water and breathable orchids, it blooms from January to December. Pseudobulbs 30-45 cm long, leaves 4-5 cm long, flower 4-7 cm in diameter.

Nobile Irene Smile

Nobile Irene Smile (Dendrobium Nobi, Nobile, Nobilis, Nobile, Star Class Lilac) - indoor white hybrids, flowering time about 12 weeks, height 50 cm, have fleshy pseudobulb stems and green leaves. Adolescent plants are used in Chinese medicine to strengthen the immune system and relieve physical fatigue, the drugs are available in capsules.

Loddigesa

Loddigesa has a color from pink to purple, height 10-20 cm, pseudobulbs 8-15 cm long. 1 flower grows on a peduncle. The plant will bloom from February to June with a peak in April. In nature, there are cases when Loddigez does not bloom, it should be forced to form buds and buds.

cultivation

Feng Shui supports the cultivation of orchids at home, based on it, plants are female flowers. Dendrobium at home is easy to grow, subject to special conditions and requirements.

Temperature

Dendrobium is thermophilic, in winter the temperature during the day is 15-20 ° C, at night - 6-12 ° C.

In summer, for the Dendrobium orchid, the temperature during the day is 18-25 ° C, at night - 14-20 ° C.

The temperature during the dormant period in winter is 15-18 ° C at night, 20-25 ° C during the day.

Lighting

The east and west sides of the house are suitable, darkening is required on the south window.

Watering

In spring and summer, water well during growth, the soil should be moist. In winter, watering the orchid is required less often, dry content is observed.

Care

Studying the rules for transplanting, choosing a pot, substrate, watering will help you figure out how to properly care for a Dendrobium orchid.

Transfer

Transplantation of Dendrobium orchids is carried out every 3 years, provided:

• compaction or decomposition of the substrate;
• the container is filled with roots;
• acidification or salinization of the substrate from irrigation;
• root rot;
• after purchase, the orchid is transplanted.

Plants should be transplanted carefully, as the roots of orchids are fragile.

pot for transplant

Opaque pots are selected for transplantation. It will be possible to transplant an orchid subject to the rules:

• the orchid is kept in a solution of succinic acid for 10-15 minutes (the tablet is dissolved in 1 liter of warm water);
• the roots are filled with moisture and change color to greenish milky;
• after they are dried for 30 minutes and placed on a substrate in a pot;
• pseudobulbs are placed closer to the edge;
• the root neck remains on top;
• if the roots are evenly spaced, the gaps are covered with bark.

Watering

Water Dendrobium after 3-14 days, it depends on the size of the roots and the healing of wounds from damage received during transplantation.

substrate for dendrobium

Caring for Dendrobium includes the choice of substrate when planting. The main components are:

• pine bark of medium size;
• charcoal;
• crushed foam;
• pebbles;
• broken brick.

Before use, the substrate is disinfected - spilled with boiling water and dried.

Consequences of improper care

The cause of the problems is improper care, they will need resuscitation.

root rot

Damage to the root system occurs due to improper care:

• excessive moisture of the substrate;
• overfeeding with fertilizers;
• compacted substrate;
• lack of watering;
• plant overheating.

If the orchid is tightly in the pot, the roots are in order, if they are brown, hollow, slimy, it is worth solving the problem. The flower is pulled out of the pot, roots with damage or rot should be cut off. Then they are sprayed with a solution of phytosporin, and the ground part is also subject to processing. The orchid should be planted in new soil after the moisture has dried.

The trunk is rotting

The trunk begins to rot from the bottom up. This happens due to the development of root rot. When signs of the disease are detected, phytosporin treatment and transplantation into new soil are applied.

Dendrobium withers

Due to improper care of the Dendrobium orchid, the leaves wither and turn yellow, they become lethargic and fall off. Main reasons:

• attack of spider mites;
• leaves begin to rot due to waterlogging;
• tissues atrophy with a lack of moisture;
• root damage often occurs.

If the orchid leaves become soft and look like a rag, they are cut off and the cuts are treated with a fungicide, watering is stopped until the soil dries up to 2/3 of the height of the container.

The appearance of cracks

Cracks begin to appear in the following cases:

• if the plant fell, the leaf bent - mechanical damage begins to appear;
• excess nitrogen - to save the roots are removed from the substrate, new land is needed for transplantation, they are fed with potash and phosphorus fertilizers for 3 months, the restoration will last a year;
• temperature difference, hypothermia after watering;
• failures in watering lead to damage to the leaves.

Leaves turn yellow

Reasons for yellowing:

• the flower grows old;
• affected by diseases and pests;
• a chemical burn appeared on the stem or other parts of the plant with fertilizers or growth stimulants;
• transferred stresses: relocation, lack of lighting, humidity, unfavorable air temperature, irrigation errors.

If the leaves of the plant turn yellow, steps are taken to treat and rehabilitate it.

Loss of buds and flowers

Reasons for dropping buds:

• habitat change;
• lack of lighting;
• overheat;
• erroneous watering;
• hypothermia.

Planting an orchid should not be near fruits, they emit ethylene, which affects the aging of flowers and buds.

sticky drops

Sticky drops may appear on leaves, bulbs and young shoots. Causes of their occurrence: attraction of insects, protection from external factors, excess fertilizer, errors in watering and the presence of pests.

Orchid propagation

Dendrobium reproduces by children, cuttings and by dividing the bush.

Reproduction by children

A baby is a small process with the beginnings of roots.

It will turn out to separate and drop off the baby:

• if the baby has grown to 5 cm, it is cut off;
• the roots are nourished with moisture;
• a baby is placed in a half-filled pot;
• the substrate is added and compacted;
• the growth point remains on top.

The seedling is fixed with a support, greenhouse conditions are not needed. It is required to spray the top layer of the substrate between waterings. Closer to autumn, children with roots grow on the stems, they should be separated and planted in new pots.

Reproduction by seeds

Reproduction by means of seeds has its own characteristics. Seeds are sown on a nutrient medium in special flasks, grown in a laboratory.

The division of the bush

How to split a bush:

• pseudobulbs are separated from the mother plant;
• cuts are made into cuttings with 2-3 knots, 10 cm long;
• planting is carried out on raw sphagnum, in an area closed with a zip-package or a greenhouse.

The temperature is maintained at the level of 20-25 ° C, ventilation and watering of the planted are required. After 2-3 weeks, the plant takes root on cuttings, then they should be planted in pots with a substrate.

Cuttings at home

Cuttings - a method of propagation of Dendrobium, while trimming the apical part of the shoot or the shoot is divided into parts 10-12 cm long. The cuttings are kept in a root solution for 24 hours, after which they root in a sterile container, water is added to the bottom of the container. In a few months, the plants will have a developed root system, they are ready for planting.

Reproduction of Dendrobium by cuttings at home is an easy way. It will not be quick to root the cuttings, the process will last about six months, this is the negative side of the propagation method.

Another method

Another way to propagate the plant is to cut the faded stems of the plant at ground level. After they are placed in a horizontal position on wet sand and keep it damp for several months.

Diseases

Of great importance for orchids is the proper care of them, thanks to which the plants are saved from diseases.

Fungal infections

For the treatment of fungal infections, the plant is treated with the fungicide Ridomil Gold.

Allocate infections:

1. Phyllosticosis - yellow spots appear, darken, the leaves dry and rot.
2. Fusarium spotting harms leaves, pseudobulbs, flowers, buds. The causative agent of the disease penetrates the orchid through damaged leaves and roots. Dendrobium is not subject to complete cure, it is isolated from flowers, cut and disinfected sections. In spring or summer, the flower is transplanted into a new soil and pot.
3. Gray rot is manifested by small watery spots on flowers and buds, provoked by a fungus of the genus Botryties.
4. Cercospore infection occurs from a yellow spot on the bottom of the leaf, after which it spreads to its upper part. The spots cover the entire leaf, as a result, it falls off the plant.
5. Botrytis - gray spots appear on the leaves and pseudobulbs. The disease occurs due to high humidity, poor ventilation, excess nitrogen, poor lighting. The diseased orchid is removed from the plants and treated with a fungicide.

bacterial rot

Bacterial rot is treated with a copper-based fungicide; copper sulfate is suitable for treatments. Parts with damage are cut off and removed, the remaining parts are subject to fungicide treatment 2-3 times with a frequency of 10 days.

Bacterial rot appears as brown spots, less often watery with a yellowish color. Resuscitate the plant by spraying it in and around it with a fungicide before and after wet weather. After identifying the disease, the infected area is cut out and treated with a fungicide.

It will be possible to treat Pseudomonas by destroying bacteria and eliminating their localization in the environment, where they can persist and infect the plant. The infection on the leaves is treated with hydrogen peroxide.

DENDROBIUM ORCHID: HOW TO GROW A DENDROBIUM ORCHID CORRECTLY.

Pests

Dangerous pests:

• spider mite;
• thrips;
• scab;
• mealybug.

They harm the foliage and flowers of the orchid, the plant dies. When detected, it is necessary to start treating the plant.

Pest control

Insecticides will help fight pests: Fitoverm, Biotlin, Vermitek, Aktara, Sunmayt and others. They also regulate the humidity around the plant, wash the leaves every 2 weeks with soapy water.

For the prevention and protection of orchids from pests, it is necessary to ventilate the premises and prevent drafts.

Conclusion

The Dendrobium orchid is distinguished by a variety of species and the ability to propagate it at home. With proper care, you can grow a beautiful plant.

A hardy plant can survive temperatures from 3̊ to 42̊ C.

Dendrobium will become an ornament and pride of the house only in optimal conditions for it. Life cycle period:

• To grow green mass:
  • Day - 24̊С-27̊С;
  • Night - Not higher than 22̊С-24̊С.
• To stimulate flowering:
  • Day - 24̊С-25̊С;
  • Night - 24̊-25̊, optimally 18̊-20̊.

The difference between day and night temperatures is mandatory for those who want have a healthy plant in flowers. Do not go beyond the boundaries of optimal temperatures 16̊С-30̊С.

Transplantation and care after purchase in the store

Buying a blooming orchid don't be in a hurry to change it. Transplantation is possible only after the end of flowering and for good reason, otherwise it will only harm the plant.

Watering and fertilizing

In the warm season, during the period of active plant growth, need more frequent than in winter and autumn.

If the plant is green and fresh, the roots are clean and without rot, then watering optimally selected.

It is worth moving to a new pot only for good reason:

• The old pot has become small;
• Young shoots have turned yellow, or there are dark spots on the roots and the plant needs help;
• The soil "worn out" - turned black, crumbled, does not "hold" the plant.

Technology

So that the roots injured by the transplant do not rot, within 7-10 days you need refrain from watering. Only light spraying is allowed.

The soil is not compacted so as not to damage the roots.

Features of care after flowering

The cold season is coming, the soil will dry out longer. Water less often.

Reproduction methods at home

cuttings

You can cut through some time after flowering not later than a year. Former flower stalks about 10 cm long are cut. Slices should be sprinkled with crushed activated carbon (chalk is still suitable) and dried.

Seedlings need to be rooted. A wide container is filled with wet sphagnum moss and the cuttings are placed horizontally.

To create a humid microclimate covered with glass or film and ventilate for 5 minutes every day.

This method requires the use of a root former, e.g. epin.

After three weeks, roots will begin to appear, and when real pseudobulbs grow in two months, you can transplant into the ground for orchids.

bulbami

From the top of the plant cut off a young, new pseudobulb, on which there were no peduncles. For rooting, the same container is suitable as for cuttings.

If you create warm conditions with constant high humidity, after a few months new sockets coming from which mature plants can develop.

When each new plant has roots of sufficient length, you can plant in a separate pot in the soil for orchids.

babes

Shoots, or regularly appear on a healthy plant. When a new shoot has grown roots longer than 5 cm, it can be carefully separated and planted in the usual way, and after a couple of years admire the first flowering.

Growing problems

Leaves turn yellow

When dormancy occurs, some leaves may turn yellow naturally and can be safely removed.

A serious reason to pay attention to the health of the plant - young leaves at the top. In this case, a transplant should be carried out in a new clean soil.

Some orchids do not tolerate transplanting into a new soil and cause yellowing of the leaves.

The roots should be washed before transplanting, leaving only clean and healthy ones. Patients cut off with a clean sharp knife, sprinkle with crushed coal.

For 48 hours wrap the roots in foil and then planted in clean soil. Another possible reason is simply not enough light.

Doesn't bloom for a long time

Dendrobium nobile can be in the third year after planting, when has grown enough leaves:

• Check if the conditions are optimal;
• Wait for the end of the rest period or adaptation to new conditions.

Well revitalizes the plant and promotes flowering biostimulant succinic acid. The drug is used strictly according to the instructions, the plant is sprayed once a month.

Falling flowers and buds

Here, at the cost of great effort, the flower has grown buds, they will bloom from day to day.
There is a natural desire to show off, admire the beauty and the hostess proudly carries the pot to the most prominent place ... And the orchid experiencing extreme stress. And soon all the buds lie sadly on the floor ...

Do not rearrange an orchid that is blooming or in buds, this is a difficult test for her. Worse than a transplant:

• A still life of a blooming orchid and a bowl of fruit can end badly! Fruits during storage emit ethylene gas, which is harmful to orchids;
• Draft, transportation in frost are unfavorable for tender buds.

Main varieties

Natural Dendrobium Nobile, or Noble Dendrobium Nobile, served as the basis for a huge variety of hybrids.

It is not possible to buy a natural look in a store, but this is for the best, since hybrids are adapted to grow in human habitation.

Multi-colored hybrid plants are often sold at the same price under the name mix.

Through the efforts of genetic botanists, hybrids have been bred dendrobium nobile mini small size.

Apollo

Snow-white corolla with a yellow center.

Dendrobium Nobile Apollo.

Star

Bright colorful coloring of purple petals with a contrasting yellow lip.

Dendrobium Nobile Star Class White.

Useful video

Find out in the video what the Dendrobium Nobile orchid looks like:

Watch the video on how to care for the Dendrobium Nobile orchid:

Video instruction for transplanting Dendrobium Nobile orchids:

Learn in the video how to propagate the Dendrobium Nobile orchid:

Dendrobium nobile is deservedly popular lovers of exotic flowers thanks to its attractive appearance and relatively easy maintenance.

By taking a little time to study the necessary conditions for the life of an exotic, you can become real pro for this wonderful species of orchids.

In contact with

The dendrobium orchid is a very beautiful, exotic flower, which is a herbaceous perennial belonging to the orchid family. If we interpret the name of the culture from Greek, then the dendrobium is translated as "living on trees." But among these orchids there are varieties growing on stones.

General information

In the wild, the orchid grows in the Philippines, Japan, New Zealand, China and Oceania. The culture has over 1200 varieties, differing from each other in a variety of colors, the shape of inflorescences, leaf plates and flowering time.

Dendrobium, in comparison with other orchids, reaches a length of only up to 70 centimeters, and its stem consists of cylindrical pseudobulbs. Leaf blades are lanceolate. They are placed alternately on the stem. Peduncles grow from their axils and contain one to four variegated inflorescences that have a pleasant aroma.

Growing this unusual orchid is quite simple, the main thing is to create a suitable microclimate for it and properly care for it, then it will delight the grower with its decorative effect and bright, unusual inflorescences.

Dendrobium orchid species and varieties photos and names

(noble ) - naturally grows in Vietnam or the Himalayas. The plant can have several peduncles, on which one to three large inflorescences appear, white in color with purple marks at the ends of the petals. Flowers have a pleasant aroma. Leaf plates are long, medium, lanceolate, dark green. The orchid blooms twice a year.

- in the wild, the culture grows in Australia. It has cylindrical stems with a thickening from below. The leaves are green, long, leathery, wide. On the peduncle grows 5 inflorescences of a white-pink hue with a spotted middle. Flowering time lasts from February to March.

- is a compact hybrid variety, reaching a height of up to 20 centimeters. Leaf plates are light green, lanceolate, leathery. On one low peduncle grows from 7 to 15 small purple inflorescences with an orange center and a pleasant aroma. Blooms once a year for 4-5 months.

- the height of the orchid reaches up to 40 centimeters. The leaf plates are long, glossy, with a pointed end of a dark green color. A short peduncle grows from leaf rosettes. 4-6 medium purple inflorescences appear on it. Blooms twice a season. Summer and autumn.

The plant has a thick trunk, reaching a height of up to 70 centimeters. Peduncles are short, on each 1-2 openwork, snow-white inflorescences with a yellow center and a pleasant aroma are formed. Leaf plates are green, glossy, large with a pointed end. The culture blooms one to two times a year.

- the inflorescences of this type of orchid initially have a white tint. A special tinted liquid used for watering gives them a blue color. Therefore, as the purchased plant fades, the next inflorescences will already be milky white. In height, the blue dendrobium reaches 50 centimeters and has green medium lanceolate leaves. The culture blooms twice a year.

- This hybrid was bred by Thai breeders. The plant has a thin, long trunk and long green, leathery leaves. Peduncles of medium length, they appear from 5 to 10 inflorescences of an olive or light yellow hue with a purple center. The orchid blooms twice a year.

- the culture has thin, high pseudobulbs, which are divided into segments. They grow close to each other, hanging slightly to the sides. Their length will depend on the lighting. Leaf blades are lanceolate, dark green. Peduncles grow from internodes, up to five large inflorescences are formed on them. The color of the flowers is orange or light yellow with a slight reddish tinge. The middle is covered with dark stripes.

- The homeland of the plant is Thailand, Laos and Nepal. The trunk of the epiphyte grows up to 45 centimeters in height. Leaf blades are lanceolate, dark green, pointed. The drooping peduncle reaches a height of up to 30 centimeters and has from 14 to 35 inflorescences of a pinkish, lilac, white or yellow hue with an orange center. Flowering time lasts from January to July.

The natural habitat of the plant is Australia. The culture has a cylindrical stem, which is thickened from below. Leaf plates are dark green, wide, lanceolate. Peduncle of medium length. It grows 4-5 white-pink inflorescences with a spotted center. The plant blooms from February to March.

- The natural habitat of the plant is Japan. This orchid variety is characterized by short stature, a thin and long trunk, narrow, leathery, long leaf plates of a dark green hue. On the peduncle grows 4-5 medium inflorescences of a white hue with a pleasant aroma. The orchid blooms twice a year.

- the stem of the culture is a low pseudobulb, which has a rounded-oblong shape. On each of them, one green, medium, leathery, lanceolate leaf plate is formed. The flower stalks of the orchid are long, drooping. Inflorescences have a golden hue and a pleasant aroma. An orchid can bloom, either once or twice a year.

- the plant is common in southern Asia. It reaches a height of up to 30 centimeters and has hanging shoots. The culture is the smallest of its kind. Leaf blades are lanceolate, pointed, glossy, dark green. Peduncle straight, filiform. It appears from 1 to 4 small inflorescences of a yellow hue with a dark center. The plant blooms from February to June.

This hybrid variety of orchid was bred in Thailand. It has a thin trunk, reaching up to 60 centimeters in length. Leaf plates are green, long, pointed, glossy. Peduncles are medium, they form 5-10 inflorescences of a yellow hue with a purple center. The culture blooms twice a year.

- The homeland of the orchid is Vietnam and Thailand. In height, the culture reaches from 15 to 23 centimeters. The leaves are green, leathery, oval. The peduncle grows up to 15 centimeters. It forms from 3 to 5 inflorescences of a bright yellow or orange-red hue. The middle and petals of the inflorescence have fringed edges.

- is a miniature plant native to Southeast Asia. The orchid grows mainly on coniferous trees. Leaf plates are medium, dark green, leathery, lanceolate. The inflorescences are small, white or yellow with a pleasant aroma.

- the plant has a trunk of medium thickness, reaching a height of up to 60 centimeters. The leaves are dark green, glossy, with a sharp end. The inflorescences are medium with wavy pink petals and a yellow center. Flowers have a pleasant aroma. Orchid bloom time falls in winter and summer.

In the wild, it grows in India, Laos and Thailand. The plant reaches a height of up to 10 centimeters and has green, leathery, lanceolate leaves. Peduncles drooping, short with two golden inflorescences with wavy petals.

- the orchid has tall, lignified trunks with dark green, lanceolate foliage with sharp edges. Peduncles grow from internodes and throw out 1 large inflorescence of a light yellow hue with a yellow center, decorated with orange veins. The culture blooms twice a year. The peak flowering of the plant occurs in the spring.

- the plant reaches a height of up to 50 centimeters and has thick stems of a green hue. Leaf plates are leathery, glossy, lanceolate. Peduncles are short with 1-2 large orange inflorescences with a pleasant aroma. The orchid blooms from January to May.

- the plant reaches a height of 3 to 10 centimeters. It has dark green, glossy leaves with a pointed end. Peduncles are short. They grow one inflorescence with a pleasant aroma. They can have white, yellow, purple, pink shades, and also be two-tone. The culture blooms twice a year.

Dendrobium orchid home care

In order for the dendrobium orchid to develop normally and delight the grower with its decorative effect, it should provide a microclimate similar to the one in which it grows in the wild.

From what place the grower chooses for the orchid, its growth and flowering will depend. It is best to prefer a northeast or north window sill. If the orchid grows on the north window, in winter it will need to be illuminated with a phytolamp, thus extending the daylight hours.

In summer, you should not put a flower on the southern windowsill, since not only direct sunlight will fall on it, but also the temperature regime will many times exceed the one that the plant needs. This variety of orchids, unlike the others, cannot be rotated around its axis, as this will have a bad effect on flowering.

The dendrobium orchid is a light-loving plant. Therefore, the place chosen for it should be well lit, but at the same time, care should be taken to ensure that the light is diffused. If direct sunlight hits the leaves, burns will appear on them. In winter and autumn, you can extend the daylight hours up to 12 hours with the help of a phytolamp. If the plant has little light, it will stop growing.

During the growing season with the onset of spring, the orchid begins to form young shoots, as well as accumulate moisture and substances necessary for growth and development. In order for the culture to develop well, appropriate temperature conditions must be created for it.

In spring they should be from +20 to +24, and in summer from +24 to +27. If the temperature rises or falls, the plant starts to hurt, and if the temperature rises to + 30, then instead of buds, children will begin to form. To stimulate flowering, it is necessary to create a temperature difference of 5 degrees between day and night.

Since orchids are native to tropical rainforests, the humidity in the room should not be below 60%. If the humidity is low, then the culture should be sprayed daily or a humidifier should be used.

Watering dendrobium orchids

During the growing season, watering the plant should be plentiful. However, care must be taken not to overmoisten the root system and not cause it to rot. The soil must be dry between waterings. It is better to use rainwater or distilled water, but experienced flower growers also use settled tap water.

The correct watering regime has a positive effect on plant growth. During the growing season, the crop should be watered twice a week. In autumn, watering is carried out once a week, and in winter once a month.

For irrigation, it is best to use the submersible method. For this purpose, the culture pot is lowered into a container of water and the orchid is left in it for 15 minutes, then they wait for the water to drain and return the pot to its place.

When watering, you need to ensure that the liquid does not get into the leaf axils and young bulbs, otherwise they may rot. If moisture does get on them, it should be blotted with a napkin.

The Phalaenopsis orchid is also a member of the Orchidaceae family. It is grown during home care without much hassle if you follow the rules of agricultural technology. You can find all the necessary recommendations, as well as watering methods in this article.

Soil for dendrobium orchids

The main ingredient in the substrate for the plant is pine bark. Its pieces should be small so that they can dry out faster after watering. It is better not to add sphagnum and peat, as these ingredients retain moisture, which leads to rotting of the root system. Instead, it is better to add a handful of charcoal.

For drainage, you can use foam or pebbles. Expanded clay is not suitable, as it accumulates salts from the water, which adversely affect the health of the plant.

Before planting an orchid in a substrate, it should be disinfected by spilling it with boiling water and letting it stand until it dries, after which the soil can be used for its intended purpose.

Dendrobium orchid pot

The root system in the pot should be a little cramped. If it is too spacious, then the bark will absorb more moisture, which means that soon the root system will begin to rot.

The pot should be tall enough for both drainage and counterweight. Since the dendrobium is a large and tall plant, it is imperative to put a counterweight on the bottom of the container to avoid the pot falling on its side.

There should be drainage holes at the bottom and in the side walls to facilitate the outflow of moisture and ventilation. Since the orchid's root system prefers a constant temperature, it is best to choose a clay pot that will help maintain the optimum temperature.

Dendrobium orchid transplant

Since the dendrobium does not tolerate transplantation very well, this procedure must be carried out every three years if:

• The substrate has begun to decompose or becomes dense;
• The soil is acidic;
• The root system suffered as a result of waterlogging;
• It's time for a transplant.

A pot for transplanting a plant should be taken clay, 4 centimeters more than the previous one. When the plant is taken out of the pot, it should be placed in a solution of succinic acid, prepared in the proportion of 1 tablet per 1 liter of water.

After the culture lies in the solution for 20 minutes, its roots will become greenish-milky. Then the plant must be taken out and put on a paper towel to dry for 30 minutes.

Next, you should take the pot, lay the drainage on the bottom and carefully place the orchid in it so that the old pseudobulbs are closer to the walls of the pot. The root neck of the plant must be left on the surface, the roots should be straightened, and the gaps between them should be filled with a substrate, lightly pressing it with the palm of your hand from above.

Watering is carried out a week after transplantation, after the wounds obtained during the procedure have healed on the root system.

Fertilizer for dendrobium orchids

It is necessary to fertilize the dendrobium from April to September twice a month. Top dressing can be diluted in water for irrigation or dissolved in spray liquid. The solution should be diluted in a concentration two times less than that indicated on the package.

During flowering, the plant is not fertilized. Nutrients should be added only if new pseudobulbs grow or old pseudobulbs thicken during flowering. If the orchid is sick or attacked by pests, fertilizing should be stopped until complete recovery.

Blooming dendrobium orchids

Each type of orchid has its own flowering time, but usually it falls in winter and spring. Dendrobiums bloom for eight to twelve weeks.

The size and color of orchid inflorescences will also depend on the type of crop. The most common colors are pink, yellow, purple, orange, red, and bicolor.

Almost all varieties of dendrobium exude a delicate, pleasant aroma during flowering.

Pruning a dendrobium orchid

You need to cut off the pseudobulb only when it is completely dry, giving the orchid all the necessary substances and liquid. If there are still buds on the peduncle, then it will definitely bloom, but this takes time.

You can remove dried or yellowed leaves, as well as faded buds. This is necessary to maintain the decorative appearance of the culture.

The dormant period of the dendrobium orchid

After flowering, the orchid has a dormant period, so the plant should be moved to a cool room so that it rests until the next growing season. During the day, the temperature regime should be within 16-20 degrees, and at night within 10-12.

Watering the culture should be reduced to a minimum, and after a while it should be completely stopped. Top dressing also needs to stop making. If the pseudobulbs begin to shrivel, you can lightly spray the substrate in the pot.

During the hibernation period, the plant should be closely monitored, and as soon as it begins to emerge from it, it should be moved to its usual environment and continue to care for the orchid as usual. The time of the hibernation period and the exit from it will depend on the variety of dendrobium.

Dendrobium propagation by cuttings

Dendrobium is propagated only vegetatively. The seed method is not used due to its complexity and the very slow growth of seedlings. Therefore, flower growers prefer to propagate the dendrobium orchid by cuttings.

In order to propagate the plant, it is necessary to separate the whole pseudobulb and cut it into pieces of 10 centimeters, sprinkling the slices with crushed coal and drying in the air. It is best to root the cuttings in damp moss by inserting them into a container with sphagnum and covering with a film.

The container with cuttings should be kept in a warm and lit place, airing it daily and moistening the moss with a spray bottle. After two months, when the planting material takes root, the plants can be transplanted to a permanent place of growth. Young orchids will bloom in three years.

Dendrobium orchid reproduction by children

The formation of children occurs in the upper part of the pseudobulb. After some time, they begin to form their own root system. When the roots reach a length of 5 centimeters, the children are carefully cut off with a sharp knife along with the roots, dried and rooted in pine bark at a temperature of +25 degrees and an air humidity of at least 60%.

You should also place the potty with the children in a sunny and warm place so that they grow better. Young orchids begin to bloom in two years.

Dendrobium reproduction by bush division

You can propagate an orchid using bush division. However, for this method it is necessary to take a mother plant that has already reached the age of four years and has four to six pseudobulbs. Division is always combined with transplantation.

Before dividing the plant, the root system must be removed from the pot, freed from the soil and cut into several divisions, on which a pair of pseudobulbs with the root system should remain. After dividing the bush, the sections must be treated with charcoal and the plants should be planted in pots.

The orchid does not tolerate division well. Therefore, for breeding, it is best to use the department of babies. Thus, the plant will receive a minimum of injuries, and the children will quickly take root and begin to grow.

Diseases and pests

With proper care of the dendrobium, the florist may not be afraid of diseases and pests, but if the rules are violated, the plant may undergo various problems that will affect its health.

Most often attacks the orchid aphids, spider mites, scale insects and mealybugs that feed on the juice of leaf plates, trunks and peduncles. These dangerous pests can be eliminated by spraying the culture with Actellik.

With improper watering, the orchid can be subject to ailments of fungal etiology. Excessive moisture of the substrate leads to the appearance of such a serious ailment as root rot . It will be difficult to save the plant in this case, but you still need to try to do it.

For this purpose, it should be transplanted into a new pot with a fresh substrate, after removing the damaged roots, drying them and treating them with charcoal. Watering the reanimated orchid should be carried out on the tenth day after the procedure.

Problems when growing a dendrobium orchid

The various problems that growers who grow orchids have to face are most often due to improper care of the crop.

The most common of these are:

• lack of flowering - the dendrobium does not bloom due to lack of sun, lack of a dormant period, or overfeeding with nitrogen fertilizers. By eliminating the above reasons, you can achieve the appearance of buds and luxurious flowering in the future.
• leaf twisting - twisting of sheet plates is observed when the air is dry and the temperature rises above the permissible level. By eliminating these causes, the problem with the leaves will resolve itself.
• Stickiness of sheet plates - the leaves become sticky as a result of the defeat of the orchid by the scale insect. You can destroy insects by treating the orchid with the Aktellik insecticide.
• Formation of children instead of buds - this problem occurs as a result of non-compliance with the rules of care during the dormant period, as well as with improper watering. Having identified mistakes in plant care and eliminated them, the grower will begin to notice the appearance of buds, which will turn into luxurious inflorescences with a pleasant aroma.
• Yellowing and falling leaves - the leaves begin to turn yellow and wither as a result of infection of the plant with root rot due to waterlogging of the soil. In this case, a transplant will help save the orchid, with the preliminary removal of damaged roots.
• Lack of growth - the orchid stops growing with a lack of fertilizer or low temperature indicators of its content. Having introduced the necessary dressings and corrected the temperature, the grower will begin to notice how the culture has grown.
• Blackening of sheet plates - black spots appear as a result of the defeat of the dendrobium by ailments of viral etiology, developing at low temperatures of maintenance and improper care. By normalizing the microclimate, and removing the damaged leaf plates, the culture can be saved.
• Fly on the leaves - plaque on the leaf plates appears as a result of infection of the orchid with a spider mite, which covers the leaves with a white sticky web. You can eliminate the pest by treating the plant with the Actellik insecticide
• Drying of leaf plates - the leaves can dry out if the orchid is damaged by a spider mite or due to lack of moisture. Drying can be eliminated by treating the orchid with the Aktellik insecticide or by establishing a watering regime.

Conclusion

The dendrobium orchid is distinguished by its decorative effect, long flowering period and luxurious bright flowers that exude a pleasant aroma.

In care, the culture is unpretentious, the orchid can be easily propagated, so many flower growers choose it, decorating their flower collections with this exotic epiphyte.

If you accurately translate the name of this genus of orchids, it means "living on trees" and indicates that the plants of the genus always lead an epiphytic lifestyle. Dendrobium orchids form one of the most diverse and, perhaps, one of the most numerous genera of the orchid family (the genus includes approximately 1,500 species).

Dendrobium (Dendrobium). © Elena Gaillard Content:

Description of Dendrobium

Plants of the genus Dendrobium differ greatly not only in the shape and color of flowers, but also in their growth and structural features. Here you can find the most diverse, strikingly exotic species.

Flower shoots can grow hanging down, in clusters, or upright. All flowers of the genus are characterized by a spur-shaped protrusion of the lip, the so-called "chin". The size of plants also varies greatly: some orchids are only a few millimeters, while others can reach a size of 2 meters or even more.

Many types of Dendrobium, such as Dendrobium pierara or Dendrobium farmer shed their leaves before flowering. These species belong to orchids of the moderately cold temperature zone. During the leafless stage, they look like withered, abandoned plants, but when the dormant phase ends, these orchids are again covered in lush greenery. Other species of the genus such as Dendrobium noble or Dendrobium bukeshotsvetny may also shed their foliage if the resting phase is well defined, but this usually does not happen.

The remaining species of this genus are evergreen and belong to the moderately warm temperature zone. There are such significant differences in the cultivation of orchids of the genus Dendrobium that this genus can be divided into about 15 groups. A large number of very peculiar, bizarre species have been added to the number of cultivated orchids, which are often quite easy to care for. For growing on the windowsill, orchid hybrids are becoming increasingly important. Dendrobium phalaenopsis And Dendrobium noble.

Homeland: Sri Lanka, India, Southern China, Southern Japan, Polynesian Islands, Eastern Australia and Northeastern Tasmania.

Features of growing dendrobium

Temperature: Dendrobium is thermophilic, in winter the optimum temperature is about 22-25 ° C, the night minimum is 15 ° C. In winter, the dormant period when kept in cool conditions is about 12 ° C, depending on the type of plant.

Lighting: Dendrobiums are photophilous, east and west windows are suitable for them, shading will be needed on the south window in the hottest hours of the day.

Watering: Abundant during growth in spring and summer, the soil must be moist at all times. In winter, watering is very limited, i.e. practically dry content.

Fertilizer: During the period of growth, budding and flowering, they are fed with special fertilizer for orchids.

Air humidity: Dendrobium requires an air humidity of about 60% or higher, so it is better to place it on a tray with water or wet pebbles.

Transfer: Transplantation is carried out only when the roots of the orchid begin to crawl out of the pot and the plant slows down growth. Approximately the dendrobium is transplanted after 3-4 years, the pot should not be too large, otherwise the plant will not grow well. The soil is a special purchased mixture for orchids. You can cook it yourself - for this, riding peat and large pieces of pine bark are taken.

Reproduction: Division and air layering.

Pests, diseases: Scale insects and pemphigus, in some species also spider mites - if the air is too dry. With accumulating dampness, fungal attack is possible.

Growing and caring for dendrobium

Depending on their ecology, Dendrobiums are cultivated in rooms with moderate (18–22 ° C) or cool temperatures in baskets, on blocks of cork oak bark or tree fern roots. The substrate for their cultivation is pine bark, rotted leaves, charcoal and sand (1: 1: 1: 0.5).

Deciduous Dendrobiums, originating from areas with a monsoonal climate, have a pronounced dormant period. In spring and summer they are kept in a warm (22–24) wet regime, preferably in a greenhouse. After the stems ripen, watering is reduced, and in winter it is completely stopped, limited only to occasional spraying and maintaining the temperature at least 15–17 degrees. Dendrobium phalaenopsis, since it does not have a dormant period and comes from tropical rainforests, it needs to be kept evenly warm and humid all year round. In general, the plants are photophilous, however, in the hot midday hours they need a slight darkening. They grow best in a small container.

Propagated by dividing the bush, stem cuttings and apical shoots - babies that form aerial roots. The bushes should be divided no more than every 3-4 years, while the apical shoots can be removed annually. Transplantation and reproduction is carried out in April-June, depending on the species, when young shoots begin to grow.

Dendrobiums are light-loving plants, prefer fresh air, but do not tolerate drafts. They bloom profusely, on average for 12–19 days. In the cut, the flowers of some species remain fresh for 4-6 days (in the Phalaenopsis dendrobium - up to 3 weeks).

Feed during the period of intensive growth 2 times a month with a 0.01% solution of a complete mineral fertilizer.

After the end of growth, deciduous species enter a dormant period and need a cool and dry content. Species without a clearly defined dormant period, such as D. moschatum, require minimal watering when growth processes are attenuated. Tropical species (D. phalaenopsis, D. chrisotoxum) require watering at any time of the year, and the minimum temperature in winter should not be lower than 15 °C. During dormancy in the greenhouse, a certain air humidity should be maintained at all times, the plants should be sprayed periodically to avoid excessive exhaustion and wrinkling of the tuberidia.

All types of orchids of the Dendrobium genus need a small container. Many species are also suitable for breeding on blocks. Tall plants need to be sprayed more often to prevent pest infestation. Some types of Dendrobium, for example, phalaenopsis, are prone to the formation of "babies", with which these species are easy to propagate.

Dendrobium noble(Dendrobium nobile), as well as other species and hybrids that drop foliage, should be placed in a cool (10-14 ° C) and dry place during the dark season (from November to January). Once the buds are clearly visible, return the plant to its original location.

dendrobium kinga(Dendrobium kingianum), Dendrobium splendid(Dendrobium speciosum) and their relatives in summer, like orchids of the genus Cymbidium, can be placed outdoors, in a bright but not sunny place. If you do not have such an opportunity, pay special attention to the fact that in winter the plant is in a cool and dry place.

Dendrobium phalaenopsis(Dendrobium phalaenopsis), as well as related species and hybrids, it is enough to place in a warm place and make sure that the temperature drops at night, as required by plants of these species.

Advice: When buying a plant of the genus Dendrobium, you should definitely find out which temperature zone your orchid belongs to, because due to the wide variety of Dendrobium species, it is impossible to give general advice on caring for the plant.

Dendrobium (Dendrobium). © Juni from Kyoto, Japan

Types of dendrobium

Dendrobium aloifolium (Dendrobium aloifolium)

An epiphyte distributed in Southeast Asia and Indonesia. Thin shoots are densely covered with unusual triangular leaves, more like succulent leaves. Short peduncles develop from the buds of the upper internodes of the shoot, which are devoid of green leaves. The flowers are numerous (at least 10-12) and very small, only 0.2-0.4 cm in diameter. All parts of the flowers are greenish-white. Blooms in summer and autumn, from July to October.

Leafless Dendrobium (Dendrobium aphyllum)

Epiphytic or lithophytic species, widely distributed in Southeast Asia. Pseudobulbs are long, semi-drooping, many-leaved. Short peduncles develop at the nodes that shed the leaves of last year's shoots and carry one to three pale pink flowers with a creamy fringed lip. Each flower in diameter reaches 3-5 cm. The main peak of flowering occurs in February-May, however, flowering specimens in culture can be found almost all year round.

Epiphytic orchid, widely distributed in Southeast Asia. Pseudo bulbs up to 60-90 cm long, many-leaved. The short peduncles develop one to four flowers 6 to 10 cm in diameter, which are densely textured and can even stand in the cut for a while. Flowers of various shades - from dark purple and rich pink to pure white. The lip has a large dark purple spot. In culture, it blooms more often from January to May.

Dendrobium two-humped (Dendrobium bigibbum)

An epiphytic or lithophytic plant from Northern Australia. Pseudobulbs bear fleshy leaves at the end. Peduncles appear from the buds of the upper internodes, and both young shoots of the last year's growth and old leafless pseudobulbs can bloom at the same time. Each peduncle bears 8-20 bright flowers 3-5 cm in diameter, purple-crimson or purple-pink, sometimes white. Blooms from August to December.

Dendrobium single (Dendrobium unicum)

The birthplace of this miniature epiphytic and lithophytic dendrobium is Northern Thailand, Laos and Vietnam. The plant is deciduous, and in a leafless state is most of the year. Lateral one-three-flowered inflorescences usually appear on internodes that have shed their leaves. The flowers are turned lip up, bright orange, 3.5-5.0 cm in diameter. The lip is pale yellow. Blooms from January to June.

Dendrobium Christie (Dendrobium christyanum)

The miniature epiphyte is native to northern Thailand, Vietnam, and southwest China. Pseudobulbs consist of 2-7 internodes, each of which bears one leaf. Inflorescences single-flowered, very short, appear at the top of the shoots. Flower up to 5 cm in diameter, white or creamy, translucent. The lip is three-lobed, with a red-orange or orange-yellow central part. Blooms from mid-summer to mid-autumn.

Epiphytic species, widespread in Southeast Asia (India, Burma, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam and southwestern China). Pseudobulbs are univalent, densely covered with translucent scaly leaves outside. Inflorescences are lateral, drooping, bearing 10-14 pale yellow or golden yellow flowers 2.5-5.0 cm in diameter with a wide open lip provided with a large orange-yellow spot in the center. Blooms from March to July.

Dendrobium lindley (Dendrobium lindleyi). © KENPEI

Dendrobium loddiges (Dendrobium loddigesii)

Homeland - Laos, Vietnam, southwestern China, Hong Kong. This is a small epiphytic orchid (10-18 cm) with multi-leaved thin pseudobulbs and large bright flowers 5 cm in diameter. Inflorescences are one-two-flowered, usually appear in spring on shoots shed leaves. The flowers have pinkish-purple sepals, purple petals, and a pink-purple lip with a large yellow-orange spot in the center. Flowering lasts from February to June.

Dendrobium lion (Dendrobium leonis)

Homeland - Cambodia, Laos, Malaya, Thailand, Vietnam, Sumatra and Kalimantan. A small (10-25 cm) orchid with thin shoots and completely covering them with fleshy flattened triangular leaves from 3.8 to 5 cm long. The inflorescences develop at the nodes of the apical internodes that have shed their leaves. Each peduncle bears one or two creamy yellow or pale green nondescript flowers 1.5-2.0 cm in diameter. It mainly blooms in summer and autumn.

Epiphyte, widespread in Southeast Asia. In nature, its shoots can reach enormous sizes - up to 3 m, and in culture - 30-90 cm. Short peduncles appear on shoots that have shed their leaves and develop 1-2 large bright flowers. Flowers with a diameter of 7-10 cm, painted in purple tones of various shades. Flowering plants of this species in the greenhouse can be found all year round, while the peak of flowering is observed from January to April

Dendrobium primulinum (Dendrobium primulinum)

The species is widely distributed in Southeast Asia. Epiphytic plant with long multi-leaved shoots. One-two-flowered inflorescences develop from buds that have dropped leaves from internodes. The flowers are 4-8 cm in diameter, light purple with a large yellowish-white fringed lip, which is painted inside the pharynx with parallel dark red or purple stripes. In nature, it blooms in spring, in a culture - from January to August.