Panorama of Dimitrov (city). Virtual tour of Dimitrov (city). Attractions, map, photo, video. Detailed Dimitrov city satellite map Cities renamed in honor of Georgy Dimitrov
| Power | Ukraine Ukraine |
| Status | city of regional significance |
| Region | Donetsk region Donetsk region |
| Coordinates | Coordinates: 48 ° 1808 s. sh. 37 ° 1541 E d. / 48.302222 ° N sh. 37.261389 ° E d. (G) (O) (R) 48.302222, 37.261389 48 ° 1808 N sh. 37 ° 1541 E d. / 48.302222 ° N sh. 37.261389 ° E d. (G) (O) (I) |
| Chapter | Ruslan Valerievich Trebushkin |
| Founded | 1911 |
| Former names | New Donbass |
| City with | 1965 |
| Square | 21 km |
| Population | 54.8 thousand people (2001) |
| Density | 2609 people / km |
| Ethno-burial | dimitrovchanin, dimitrovchanin |
| Timezone | UTC + 2, in summer UTC + 3 |
| Telephone code | +380 6239 |
| Zip codes | 85320 - 85329 |
| Automatic code | AH / 05 |
| KOATUU | 1411300000 |
| Official site | link |
Dimitrov- a city of regional significance in eastern Ukraine, Donetsk region... It is located 16 km from the Krasnoarmeysk railway junction.
Subordinated to the village of Svetloye.
Distance to Donetsk: by road - 68 km, by rail - 59 km. Distance to Kiev: by road - 675 km, by rail - 797 km.
Population
34.7 thousand inhabitants (2011) with territories subordinated to the city council 35.815 thousand inhabitants. According to the census, the Ukrainian language is used by 10.1% of the population. The number of the population at the beginning of 2011 was 35.7 thousand people.
The birth rate is 5.7 per 1000 people, the mortality rate is 16.1, the natural decline is 12.4, the balance of movement is negative (-5.1 per 1000 people).
Story
It was formed by combining the workers' settlements of the Novoeconomic and Grodovsky mines. Each of the listed villages has its own history. The discovery of coal seams on the lands of the village of Novoeconomicheskoe belongs to Afanasy Prokofievich Evtukhov. Well, Almost At the end of Winter 1909, the community donated 4 tithes of land in the Veselaya support for coal mining. It was not a very large farm mine, run by the contractor Evtukhov. In 1911, the bulk of the mines passed into the ownership of the Donetsk-Hrushevsky Coal and Coal Society, which led to the creation of one of the largest coal mining centers in the Donbass.
With the revival of industrial production in 1910, new mines arose in the Grishinsky coal region: Novoeconomichesky, Grodovsky and Zapadno-Donetsky. Coal development was carried out by small mines under the direction of Kachanov. In 1911, the industrialists Krechunsko and Ievlev received permission to explore suitable minerals on the lands of the village of Novoeconomicheskoe. The new owners, who were part of the Donetsk-Hrushevskoe joint-stock conversation, began to lay the mines. Mine No. 1 "Central" in 1911 was registered in archival documents as an industrial enterprise.
The beginning of the construction of the Tsentralnaya mine should be considered the year of foundation of our city. In 1913, mine No. 3 (the predecessor of mine No. 3 "bis") and No. 4 went into operation. The name Novoeconomichesky mine was assigned to these mines. Well, Almost At the end of Winter 1915, on the southwestern outskirts of the present town of Dimitrov, at that time, on the territory of the Grodovsky mine, construction of the shaft of a new mine began. It was barrel # 5 in this moment operating mine "Dimitrova". Engineer Kazarinov became the owner of the Grodovsky mine. Not very large workers' settlements were formed near the mines.
In 1934, the Grodovsky mine was renamed "New Donbass", and in 1933 the mine was named after a prominent figure in the international labor movement, Zhoru Dimitrov. Since 1923, the Novoeconomichesky mine began to be called the Novoeconomicheskoe settlement, and in 1938 Novoeconomichesky received the status of a city. Having merged, small settlements of neighboring mines were named the village of Dimitrov. On July 5, 1965, by the decision of the Donetsk Regional Council of Workers' Deputies, the village of Dimitrov received the status of the city of Dimitrov.
On May 9, 1972, by the decision of the Supreme Soviet of the Ukrainian SSR, the cities of Novoeconomicheskoe and Dimitrov were united into one city of Dimitrov of regional subordination.
On August 2, 1990, by the decision of the session of the Supreme Soviet of the Ukrainian SSR, the city of Dimitrov received the status of a city of regional subordination.
Noble Citizens
- Khovanskiy Ivan Alekseevich
- Rybka Anatoly Ignatievich
- Nikitenko Grigory Grigorievich
- Viktor Yanukovych
Twice from the city of Dimitrov, Viktor Fedorovich Yanukovych was elected to the Donetsk Regional Council, who took an active and concrete role in the development of the city.
For his active role in the social and economic development of the city, Viktor Fedorovich Yanukovych received the title of "Honorary Citizen of the City". The decision to award the authoritative title was made at the session of the city council on January 6, 2006, at the initiative of a number of public organizations in the city of Dimitrov.
Economy
Coal mining (State Enterprise Krasnoarmeiskugol, including the Stakhanov mine, Tsentralnaya mine, Dimitrova - coal mining in 2003 - 1,895 thousand tons. Motor transport companies. Industry employs 65% of the total number of people employed in the national economy.
Experiments with the management structure of the industry that have not stopped in the state for a decade, the periodic change of management companies, mines, strikes have undermined the viability of coal mining companies. The annual production capacity for 2011 is: mine im. A.G. Stakhanov - 600 thousand tons in the city, sh. Dimitrov - 150 thousand tons per city, "Central" - 10 tons per day. Mine them. AG Stakhanova in the mid-1980s produced 10-12 thousand tons of coal per day, now - about 1.5 thousand. But the enterprise has great potential. Its industrial reserves are estimated at 139 million tons.
- LLC "Dimitrovpogruztrans" (Vatutin St.)
The size of industrial production is 215 million hryvnias (per 1 inhabitant - 3 852 hryvnias). Industrial production index - 28.1% in 2003 to 1990. Emissions of harmful substances into the atmospheric air in 2003 from sources of pollution of the city - 28.1 thousand tons.
"Unsullied city" action
In 2009, in Dimitrov, on the wave of general dissatisfaction of residents with the sanitary condition of streets and micro-districts, the current mayor Ruslan Valerievich Trebushkin, who at that time represented the interests of the Dimitrov community in the Donetsk Regional Council, initiated the Clean City improvement campaign.
Contrary to the widespread belief that the inhabitants of our planet are mostly passive when it comes to manifestations of social activity, hundreds of Dimitrovsk residents went to subbotniks for six months, once a week.
Facilities
Exports of goods in 2003 - 5.6 million US dollars. Direct foreign investments for 2003 - 1.2 million US dollars. The volume of services rendered in 2003 was 30.1 million hryvnias. The unemployment rate is 3.4%. The average monthly salary in 2003 was 455 hryvnias.
sights
- Artyom Palace of Culture (Vatutin St.)
- Sports Palace "Olympus" (Vatutin St.)
- Thieves' club (Lenin street)
Microdistricts and parts of the city
- Central part of the city
- district "Standard"
- mtr-n "Youth"
- mtr-n "Light"
- mtr-n "Vostochny"
- mtr-n "Western"
- quarter 40
- settlement of the mine "Dimitrova"
- village "Novator"
- village "Eighth"
Social sphere
11 schools (6,300 students), 11 kindergartens (1,500 children), 2 vocational schools (765 students), 10 libraries, 2 clubs.
| Donetsk region |
|
|---|---|
| Districts and localities of city councils Districts of the region: Localities of city councils of cities of regional significance: | |
| Cities Avdeevka 1 Amvrosievka 2 Artyomovo 2 Artyomovsk 1 Belitskoe 2 Belozerskoe 2 Volnovakha 2 Gorlovka 1 Miner 2 Debaltsevo 1 Dzerzhinsk 1 Dimitrov 1 Dobropolye 1 Dokuchaevsk 1 Donetsk 2 Selidovo 1 Slavyansk 1 Snezhnoe 1 Soledar 2 Torez 1 Uglegorsk 2 Ugledar 1 Ukrainsk 2 Khartsyzsk 1 Chasov Yar 2 Shakhtersk 1 Yunokommunarovsk 2 Yasinovataya 1 Notes: 1 city of regional significance; 2 city of regional significance |
|
| Urban-type settlements Alexandrovka (Alexandrovsky district) Alexandrovka (Kramatorsk City Council) Alexandrovka (Maryinsky district) Aleksandrovskoe Alekseevo-Druzhkovka Andreevka (Slavyansky district) Andreevka (Snezhnyansky City Council) Andreevka (Telmanovskiy district) Belenkaya Blagodatnoe Brazhino Bulavin Bylbasovka velyka novosilka Greater Nut Verhnetoretskoe Cherry Vladimirovka Vodyanskoe Vojkovo Voykovsky Volodarskoe Vuglyar High Golmovsky Gorbachyov Mikhajlovka Mining Horňácko Grodovka Gruzsko-Zoryanskoe Gruzsko-Lomovka Guselskoe Donetskoe Don Drobyshevo Druzhnoye Zhelannoye Zaytsevo Zalesnoe Dugouts Zuevka Ilyinka Kamyshevakha Sedge Carlo Marx Keramik Kirovo kirovsk Kolosnikovo Komsomolsky Kontarnoe Korsun Krasnaya Gora Krasnotorka Red October Krinichnaya Kurakhovka Kurdyumovka Kuteinikovo Larino Leninskoye Lesnoye Limanchuk Luhanskoye Malotaranovka Mangush Lighthouse Landing Mirnoe Mironovsky Capital Nelepovka Nizhnyaya Krynka Nikiforovo Nikolaevka Novgorodskoe Novogyorovkoe (Volnovakhsky district) Olenovka (Enakievsky City Council) Ol'ginka Olhovatka Olkhovka Acute Ocheretino Panteleymonovka Pelageevka Petrovka Pervomaisky May Day Victory Pokrovka coastal Proletarian Raygorodok Paradise Rassypnoe Sartana Sverdlovo Svyatogorovka North Sedov Angry Sophievka Starobeshevo Staromykhailivka Old Crimea Stozhkovskoe Talakovka Telmanovo Trinity-Khartsizk successful Tsukurino Cherkassy Shabelkovka Mine extensive Shevchenko Scherbinovka Yalta Yampil Spring Yasinovka Yasnaya Polyana Yasnogorka | |
| Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the NRB | ||
|---|---|---|
| 23 november - 2 july | ||
| Head of the International Department of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b) | ||
|---|---|---|
| December 27, 1943 - December 29, 1945 | ||
| General Secretary of the Executive Committee of the Communist International | ||
|---|---|---|
| 1935 year - May 15, 1943 | ||
Kovachevtsi (now Pernik region), Principality of Bulgaria
Barvikha, Moscow region, USSR
- Central cemetery
Dimitrov was called the "Bulgarian Lenin" and the leader of the Bulgarian people. After his death, a mausoleum was built in Sofia like Lenin's.
Biography
In the summer of 1906, he was one of the leaders of the Pernik strike.
Since 1909 - a member of the Central Committee of the MRBM, which in 1919 was transformed into the Bulgarian Communist Party (BKP). In 1909-1923 - Secretary of the General Workers' Trade Union, organizer of strikes. In 1913-1923 - Member of the Bulgarian Parliament. In 1921 he took part in the work of the III Congress of the Comintern and in the same year was elected a member of the Central Council of the Profintern. In September 1923 - one of the leaders of the armed uprising against the Tsankov government in Bulgaria. After the failure of the attempt to seize power, he fled with V. Kolarov and other agents of the Comintern to Yugoslavia, then lived in the USSR. For participation in an armed rebellion, he was sentenced to death in absentia.
Comintern agent in Germany
In the fall of 1929 he moved to Germany. Lived incognito in Berlin. He actively participated in the activities of the Comintern, conducted communist propaganda. In secret Soviet correspondence for G. Dimitrov, the codename "Diamond" was used.
He was arrested by the Nazis on charges of involvement in the arson of the Reichstag on February 27, 1933, but at the Leipzig trial in September-December 1933 he was acquitted, as he proved an alibi. During the trial, Dimitrov built his defense in such a way that he turned from the accused into the accuser of the Nazis. Dimitrov's speech at the Leipzig trial later served as a model for communists' appearances before the courts in many countries: Toivo Antikainen, who was called "Northern Dimitrov", in Finland; Nikos Beloyanis in Greece, Brama Fishara in South Africa. Dimitrov had a good command of German and his speeches at the trial were widely used in anti-Nazi propaganda, and Dimitrov himself and his associates Popov and Tanev were granted Soviet citizenship, and the USSR demanded its extradition.
Leader of the Comintern
On February 27, 1934, he arrived in the USSR, where he was granted Soviet citizenship. His first elective position in the USSR was the place of a deputy of the Leningrad City Council, who at that time was located in Smolny, and where Dimitrov was elected immediately upon arrival in the country.
At the end of April 1934 he was elected a member of the Political Commission of the Executive Committee of the Comintern (ECCI) and appointed head of the Central European Secretariat of the Comintern. Thus, in the 1930s, Dimitrov, along with Ernst Thälmann and Dolores Ibarruri, became one of the leaders of the international communist movement. At the end of May 1934, in connection with the upcoming VII Congress of the Comintern, Dimitrov was appointed speaker on the most important item on the agenda: the offensive of fascism and the tasks of the Comintern in the struggle for the unity of the working class. In 1935 he was elected Secretary General of the ECCI.
Plan for the creation of the Bulgarian-Yugoslav Federation
Dimitrov actively supported the idea of creating a Bulgarian-Yugoslav federation, which, after the breakup of I.V. Stalin and J. Broz Tito caused great discontent among the Soviet leadership. After condemning the position of Tito, the Central Committee of the CPSU (b), Dimitrov spoke in support of the Yugoslav leader. However, Tito and Dimitrov had serious disagreements on the Macedonian issue. Tito insisted on the recognition of the Macedonians as an independent nation, and Dimitrov considered them a sub-ethnos of the Bulgarian people.
Death
In April 1949, Dimitrov came to Moscow for treatment. He suffered from cirrhosis of the liver, diabetes, chronic prostatitis. Two weeks after his arrival, Dimitrov's health condition deteriorated sharply. On July 2, 1949, Georgy Dimitrov died in Barvikha, near Moscow, where he was undergoing treatment. Prominent Soviet doctors diagnosed grade II heart failure. Dimitrov's body was returned to Sofia, opened and embalmed.
Peter Gylybov, who kept Dimitrov's brain, was an employee of the Bulgarian mausoleum group from 1949 to 1990, until the burial of Georgy Dimitrov. During the reburial, Gylybov managed to take samples of Dimitrov's hair and, together with his colleagues, conduct an examination of the remains. Studies have shown that there was an increase in mercury in the hair samples. However, the version of the poisoning never became official.
Mausoleum
The embalmed body of Georgy Dimitrov in the sarcophagus was placed in a specially built mausoleum. After the fall of the communist regime in Bulgaria, in 1990, the BSP party (the former Bulgarian Communist Party) at the request of relatives, according to official version, made the decision to reburial the body.
After cremation, the ashes of Georgy Dimitrov were buried in the Central Cemetery of Sofia in the grave of his mother (P22, 42.716678 N, 23.338698 E).
Awards
Memory
Cities renamed in honor of Georgy Dimitrov
Five cities were named in honor of Georgy Dimitrov:
- the city of Dimitrovo (now Pernik, Bulgaria).
- the city of Dimitrov (now Mirnograd, Donetsk region, Ukraine).
- Dimitrovgrad (town in Bulgaria, newly built town)
- Dimitrovgrad (city in Serbia, formerly Tsaribrod).
- Dimitrovgrad (Russia, former Melekess, Ulyanovsk region).
Streets, avenues and avenues renamed in honor of Georgy Dimitrov
- In Abakan, Khakassia, one of the streets is named after Georgy Dimitrov.
- In Astrakhan, one of the streets in the Trusovsky district is named after Georgy Dimitrov (microdistrict No. 6 not far from the ACCC).
- In Barnaul, one of the streets in the central part of the city bears the name of Georgy Dimitrov (it crosses the main street of the city - Lenin Avenue). The Altai Territory Administration building is located on the section of Lenin Avenue between Dimitrov Street and Molodezhnaya Street. Also on the street. Dimitrov, one of the buildings of AltSU and buildings "A", "B", "V", "G" is located, as well as a new building of AltSTU named after I.I.Polzunov.
- In Dnepropetrovsk, one of the streets was named in his honor - renamed.
- In Sevastopol, one of the streets is named after him.
- In Baku (Azerbaijan) one of the streets was called Dimitrov.
- In Berdichev (Ukraine) one of the streets was called Dimitrov - it was renamed.
- In Bryansk there is a street named after Dimitrova, located in the Volodarsky district of the city.
- In Birobidzhan, one of the central streets is called Dimitrov.
- In the city of Vitebsk
- In the city of Volgograd, one of the streets is named after Dimitrov.
- In Vorkuta, one of the streets is named after Dimitrov.
- In Voronezh, one of the large streets in the Levoberezhny district of the city is named after G. Dimitrov.
- In Vladikavkaz, one of the streets bears his name
- In Vyborg, one of the streets is named after Dimitrov.
- In the city of Gomel (Belarus), one of the streets is named after Georgy Dimitrov.
- In the city of Horlivka, Donetsk region (Ukraine), there is Dimitrov Boulevard.
- In the city of Dimitrovgrad, Ulyanovsk region, a prospect in the western part of the city is named after Dimitrov.
- In Dnepropetrovsk (Ukraine), one of the streets of the Kirovsky district was named in honor of Dimitrov - it was renamed.
- There is a street in Yekaterinburg named after Dimitrov.
- In the city of Yerevan, Republic of Armenia, a street was named after Dimitrov - renamed (in Azatamartikneri ave.).
- In Zheleznogorsk (Kursk region), a street is named after Georgy Dimitrov.
- In Izhevsk there is a street named after Dimitrova, located in the Oktyabrsky district of the city. Renamed in 1957 from Voroshilov Street.
- In the city of Yoshkar-Ola, one of the streets in the north-west of the city is named after Dimitrov.
- In the city of Irkutsk in the Pravoberezhny district there is a Dimitrov passage
- In the city of Kaliningrad, one of the central streets is named in honor of Dimitrov.
- In Kaluga, on the right bank of the Oka River, Georgiy Dimitrov Street is named.
- In with. Kairaklia, south of Moldova, st. Dimitrov.
- In Kiev, during his lifetime in 1938, the former Delovaya Street was named after Dimitrov. In 1977, an annotation board was installed on the facade of house No. 7 (bronze, granite, bas-relief; sculptor A. N. Skoblikov, architect A. F. Ignaschenko). In November 2014, the street was returned to its historical name - Delovaya.
- There is Dimitrov street in Komsomolsk-on-Amur
- There is Dimitrov street in Kostroma.
- In the city of Kramatorsk, one of the streets in the Novy Svet district (one of the central districts of the private sector) was named after Georgiy Dimitrov - it was renamed.
- In the city of Krasnogorsk, a street is named in honor of Georgy Dimitrov.
- In the city of Krasnodar, Artelnaya street in 1980 was renamed into G. Dimitrov street. The square in front of the Kosmos cinema, on which the monument to G. Dimitrov was erected, was also named after him, the cinema was renamed into Bulgaria.
- There is Dimitrov Street in the city of Krasnoyarsk. The garage array located on it is called "Dimitrovsky"
- In the city of Kryvyi Rih (Dnepropetrovsk region, Ukraine), one of the streets was named after Georgiy Dimitrov - it was renamed.
- In the resort town of Kislovodsk there is a sanatorium named after Georgiy Dimitrov.
- In the city of Kursk
- In Lugansk (Ukraine) there is a street and a quarter named after G. Dimitrov.
- In the city of Malgobek, Republic of Ingushetia, one of the streets is named after Dimitrov
- In the city of Maykop, the capital of Adygea, a street is named after Dimitrov.
- In the city of Mogilev (Belarus), one of the avenues is named after Georgy Dimitrov (in 1982).
- In Minsk, a street is named in honor of Georgy Dimitrov.
- In Moscow, in honor of Dimitrov, after his death in 1956, one of the central streets, Bolshaya Yakimanka, was renamed, which was returned to its original name in 1992.
- In the city of Novodvinsk, Arkhangelsk region, one of the first streets was named in honor of Dimitrov, since the city was built by the efforts of Bulgarian workers. Also, a bust of Georgy Mikhailovich was erected in the city.
- In Novosibirsk, an avenue in the Zheleznodorozhny district of the city and one of the road bridges across the Ob are named in honor of Dimitrov.
- In Omsk, one of the streets is named after Dimitrov.
- In Odessa - Dimitrov Avenue (since 1982, the former part of Lvov Street). Until 1982, one of the streets on Tairov was named in honor of Dimitrov - it was renamed. Nowadays Academician Glushko Avenue.
- In the city of Phnom Penh, Cambodia, one of the central thoroughfares (avenue # 114) bears the name of G. Dimitrov.
- In the city of Rybinsk (Yaroslavl region), one of the streets is named after Dimitrov.
- In the city of Ryazan, a square is named in honor of Dimitrov. It houses the Lovech hotel, named after the Bulgarian sister city of Ryazan, as well as the monument of Soviet-Bulgarian friendship, opened in 1974.
- In the city of Saransk, one of the streets is named after him.
- In Samara, a street in Promyshlennoe and Kirovsky districts was named after Dimitrov, stretching for more than 3 kilometers, and a memorial plaque was installed on the facade of the house in which he lived and worked in 1941 (the current address is Shostakovich Street b. Working d. 5; pl. Chapaeva).
- In St. Petersburg, a new street in the Kupchino area was named after Dimitrov in 1974, later a monument was erected in the park opposite the Chaika cinema.
- The city of Serov also has a Dimitrov street.
- In the city of Stary Oskol there is Dimitrov street.
- In the city of Syktyvkar, one of the streets is named after G. Dimitrov. A bust of Georgy Mikhailovich was erected on the street that bears his name.
- In the city of Tver, Tver region, one of the streets is named in honor of Georgy Dimitrov.
- In the city of Temirtau, the Republic of Kazakhstan in 1957, one of the streets was named in honor of Dimitrov, where a monument was erected in 1960.
- In the city of Ulan-Ude, the Republic of Buryatia, a street is named after Dimitrov.
- In Ulyanovsk, a street in the Upper Terrace residential area is named after Dimitrov.
- In the city of Ufa, one of the streets in the Ordzhonikidze district is named after G. Dimitrov.
- In the city of Kherson (Ukraine), which is twinned with the Bulgarian city of Shumen, the central street of the Shumensky microdistrict was named after G. Dimitrov - it was renamed.
- In the village of Stepnoye (Saratov region), a street is named in his honor and a monument to G. Dimitrov is located, as a sign of the eternal friendship of the two peoples and gratitude to the Bulgarian builders.
- In the village of Tvarditsa, Republic of Moldova, one of the streets is named after Dimitrov.
- In the village of Chernomorskoe (Crimea), one of the micro-districts is named Bulgarian and bears the name of Dimitrov. The microdistrict was built by Bulgarian builders under an interstate cooperation program with Bulgaria. There is a memorial plaque on the house number 6.
- In the city of Pavlodar, Republic of Kazakhstan, one of the streets is named after Dimitrov.
- In the city of Ust-Ilimsk (Irkutsk region), one of the streets is named in honor of Dimitrov
- In the city of Dimitrov, Ukraine, Donetsk region, one of the streets was named after G.M.Dimitrov - both the city and the street were renamed
- In the city of Sarov, one of the streets is named after Dimitrov.
- In the city of Yanaul, Republic of Bashkortostan, one of the streets is named after Dimitrov.
- In the town of Sholokhovsky, Belokalitvinsky district, Rostov region, one of the central streets is named in honor of Dimitrov, on which a bust of G.M. Dimitrova
- In the microdistrict Komsomolsky, Donskoy, Tula region, the longest street is named in honor of Dimitrov.
miscellanea
Monuments
Belarus
- Memorial plaque with a bas-relief of GM Dimitrov, located on the wall of house number 33, located on Dimitrov Avenue in the city of Mogilev.
He was called "Bulgarian Lenin", after his death in the era of socialism in Bulgaria, a mausoleum was built for him in Sofia like Lenin's and he was called the "leader" of the Bulgarian people.
Biography
The son of a craftsman. From 1894 he worked as a typesetter. Since 1901 - secretary of the trade union of printers (Sofia).
Bulgarian revolutionary, parliamentarian and rebel
In 1902 he joined the Bulgarian Workers' Social Democratic Party (BRSD), and in 1903 he joined the Bolshevik part of it - “close socialists”. Since 1909 - a member of the Central Committee of the IRBM (close socialists), which in 1919 was transformed into the Bulgarian Communist Party (BKP). In 1909-1923, secretary of the General Workers' Trade Union, organizer of strikes. In 1913-1923 - Member of the Bulgarian Parliament. In 1921 he took part in the work of the III Congress of the Comintern and in the same year was elected a member of the Central Council of the Profintern. In September 1923 - one of the leaders of the armed uprising against the Tsankov government in Bulgaria. After the failure of the attempt to seize power, he fled with V. Kolarov and other agents of the Comintern to Yugoslavia, then lived in the USSR. For participation in an armed rebellion, he was sentenced to death in absentia.
Comintern agent in Germany
In the fall of 1929 he moved to Germany. Lived incognito in Berlin. He actively participated in the activities of the Comintern, conducted communist propaganda.
He was arrested by the Nazis on charges of involvement in the burning of the Reichstag on February 27, 1933, but was acquitted at the Leipzig trial (September-December 1933) because he had an alibi. Dimitrov was fluent in German and his speeches at the trial were widely used in anti-fascist propaganda, and Dimitrov himself was granted Soviet citizenship, and the USSR demanded its extradition.
Leader of the Comintern
Arrived in the USSR on February 27, 1934. In the 1930s, along with Ernst Thälmann and Dolores Ibarruri, he was one of the charismatic leaders of the international communist movement. In 1935 he was elected general secretary Executive Committee of the Comintern (ECCI).
After the VII Congress, the Comintern proclaimed a course towards a broad anti-fascist coalition. However, in connection with the repressions of 1937-1938, the influence of the Comintern has noticeably decreased. Dimitrov was not repressed, unlike most of the leaders of the communist parties of Eastern Europe.
In 1937-1945 - Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. On June 22, 1941, he was put at the head of the "leading troika" of the ECCI and headed all its current activities. In 1942 he was put at the head of the Fatherland Front of Bulgaria, created under the control of Moscow. On May 15, 1943, the Comintern was disbanded, and in June 1943 Dimitrov was appointed head of the department of international (foreign) policy of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b), which, thanks to Dimitrov, became the de facto successor to the cause of the Executive Committee of the Comintern.
Leader of Bulgaria
After the Soviet regime was established in Bulgaria, Dimitrov arrived home in November 1945. Since November 6, 1946 - Chairman of the Council of Ministers. From December 1947 until his death - General Secretary of the Central Committee of the BKP.
During the Dimitrov era, Bulgaria became highly dependent on the USSR and was sometimes even called the “seventeenth republic Soviet Union"(From 1940 to 1956 there were 16 republics in the USSR, including the Karelo-Finnish republic, which was transformed into the ASSR as part of the RSFSR in 1956).
Plan for the creation of the Bulgarian-Yugoslav Federation
Dimitrov actively supported the idea of creating Bulgarian-Yugoslav Federation that after the break between JV Stalin and JV Broz Tito caused great discontent of the Soviet leadership. After the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks condemned Tito's position, Dimitrov nevertheless came out in support of the Yugoslav leader.
Death
Shortly before his death, in April 1949, Dimitrov arrived in Moscow with L.P. Beria, at the urgent request of Beria himself, who persuaded the Bulgarian leader to come for treatment. Dimitrov had cirrhosis of the liver, diabetes, chronic prostatitis... Two weeks after his arrival, Dimitrov's health condition deteriorates sharply. On July 2, 1949, Georgy Dimitrov dies in Barvikha near Moscow, where he received treatment for four months. Prominent Soviet doctors diagnosed grade II heart failure.
Dimitrov's body is delivered to Sofia, already opened and embalmed.
Bulgarian doctors have not had access to the body for over five years.
Peter Gylybov, who keeps Dimitrov's brain, was an employee of the Bulgarian mausoleum group from 1949 to 1990, until the burial of Georgy Dimitrov. During the reburial, Gylybov managed to take samples of Dimitrov's hair and, together with his colleagues, conduct an examination of the remains. The examination showed that the mercury content was increased in the hair samples. However, the version of the poisoning never became official. Moreover, mercury containing mercury is used in embalming in the form of a 1% solution.
Mausoleum
The mummified body of Georgy Dimitrov, in a sarcophagus, was placed in a specially built mausoleum. After the fall of the communist regime in Bulgaria in 1990, the BSP party (the former Bulgarian Communist Party), at the request of relatives (according to the official version), decided to reburial the body. The body of the former leader was taken out of the mausoleum secretly, late at night. On February 25, 1992, the Community Council of Sofia decided to demolish the mausoleum, as a structure ideologically and architecturally alien to the city center.
In August 1999, the building was blown up on the fifth attempt, the wreckage was removed by cars and disassembled for souvenirs. Today nothing reminds of the mausoleum in Sofia. Where he stood 42.695833, 23.326389 - a concrete platform.
Today, documentary footage of the mausoleum can be seen in the video hall of the Museum of Socialist Art in Sofia.
In secret Soviet correspondence for G. Dimitrov, the codename "Diamond" was used.
Memory
Cities renamed in honor of Georgy Dimitrov
- Four cities are named in honor of Georgy Dimitrov: the city of Dimitrov (Donetsk region, Ukraine), as well as three with the same name Dimitrovgrad: in Bulgaria (a newly built city), Serbia (formerly Tsaribrod) and Russia (formerly Melekess). All three Dimitrovgrad still bear these names.
Streets, avenues and avenues renamed in honor of Georgy Dimitrov
- In Kiev, during his lifetime in 1938, the former Delovaya Street was named after Dimitrov. In 1977, an annotation board was installed on the facade of house No. 7 (bronze, granite, bas-relief; sculptor A. N. Skoblikov, architect A. F. Ignaschenko).
- In Moscow, in honor of Dimitrov, after his death in 1956, one of the central streets, Bolshaya Yakimanka, was renamed, which was returned to its original name in 1990.
- In St. Petersburg, a new street in the Kupchino area was named after Dimitrov in 1974, later a monument was erected in the park opposite the Chaika cinema.
- In Ulyanovsk. Street in the Upper Terrace District
- In Samara, a street in Promyshlennoe and Kirovsky districts, stretching for more than 3 kilometers, is named after Dimitrov, and a memorial plaque was installed on the facade of the house in which he lived and worked in 1941 (the current address is Shostakovich Street b. Rabochaya d. 5; Chapaeva square).
- In the village of Stepnoye, Saratov region, a street is named in his honor, which is more than three kilometers long and runs from the entrance to the village along the park, near which there is a monument to G. Dimitrov, as a sign of the eternal friendship of the two peoples and gratitude to the Bulgarian builders.
- In Novosibirsk, an avenue in the Zheleznodorozhny district of the city and one of the road bridges across the Ob are named in honor of Dimitrov.
- In Bryansk there is a street named after Dimitrova, located in the Volodarsky district of the city.
- In Izhevsk there is a street named after Dimitrova, located in the Industrial area of the city. Renamed in 1957 from Voroshilov Street.
- In Kaluga, on the right bank of the Oka River, Georgiy Dimitrov Street is named.
- In the city of Kaliningrad, one of the central streets is named in honor of Dimitrov.
- There is Dimitrov street in Kostroma.
- In the city of Krasnogorsk, a street is named in honor of Georgy Dimitrov.
- In the city of Kursk, one of the streets is named after him.
- In the city of Mogilev (Republic of Belarus), one of the avenues is named after Georgy Dimitrov.
- In the city of Gomel (Republic of Belarus), one of the streets is named after Georgy Dimitrov.
- In the city of Saransk, one of the streets is named after him.
- In the city of Odessa, one of the avenues was named after him.
- In Voronezh, one of the large streets in the Levoberezhny district of the city is named after G. Dimitrov.
- In Lugansk (Ukraine) there is a street and a quarter named after G. Dimitrov.
- In the city of Phnom Penh, Cambodia, one of the central thoroughfares (avenue # 114) bears the name of G. Dimitrov.
- In the city of Kherson (Ukraine), which is twinned with the Bulgarian city of Shumen, the central street of the Shumensky microdistrict is named after G. Dimitrov.
- In the city of Ulan-Ude, Republic of Buryatia, a street is named after Dimitrov.
- In the city of Dimitrovgrad, Ulyanovsk region, a prospect in the western part of the city is named after Dimitrov.
- In Zheleznogorsk (Kursk region), a street is named after Georgy Dimitrov.
- In Abakan, Khakassia, one of the streets is named after Georgy Dimitrov.
- In the city of Rybinsk (Yaroslavl region), one of the streets is named after Dimitrov.
- In the village of Tvarditsa, Republic of Moldova, one of the streets is named after Dimitrov
- In Novodvinsk, Arkhangelsk region, one of the first streets was named after Dimitrov, since the city was built by the efforts of Bulgarian workers. Also, a bust of Georgy Mikhailovich was erected in the city.
- In Barnaul, one of the streets in the central part of the city bears the name of Georgy Dimitrov (it crosses the main street of the city - Lenin Avenue). Administration building Altai Territory is located on the section of Lenin Avenue between Dimitrov Street and Molodezhnaya Street. Also on the street. Dimitrov, one of the buildings of AltSU and building "B" of AltSTU are located.
- In the village of Chernomorskoe (Crimea), one of the micro-districts is named Bulgarian and bears the name of Dimitrov. The microdistrict was built by Bulgarian builders under an interstate cooperation program with Bulgaria. There is a memorial plaque on the house number 6.
- In the city of Temirtau, Republic of Kazakhstan, one of the streets is named in honor of Dimitrov.
miscellanea
- In honor of Dimitrov, the Order of George Dimitrov of the People's Republic of Bulgaria was established. Leonid Brezhnev was awarded this order in Sofia.
- In Magnitogorsk there is the village of Dimitrova.
- In Taganrog, the aircraft building plant was called the Dimitrov Plant.
Monuments
- In Moscow, on B. Yakimanka Street, a monument to G. Dimitrov is erected.
- In Yaroslavl, opposite the Balkanskaya Zvezda tobacco factory, at the intersection of Pobeda Street and Oktyabrya Avenue, in 1985, a monument was erected.
- In Vladikavkaz, on Lenin Street, a monument to Georgy Dimitrov is erected.
- In the city of Cotonou, Benin, the giant statue of G. Dimitrov still stands on one of the main streets.
- In the village
June 18, 1882 - Georgy Dimitrov was born, leader of socialist Bulgaria (1946-49), head of the Comintern (1935-43), anti-fascist, accused by the Nazis of setting fire to the Reichstag and brilliantly shaming fascist justice during the famous Leipzig trial, a close friend and colleague I.V. Stalin.
Dimitrov Georgy Mikhailovich (1882-1949) - teacher and leader of the Bulgarian people, an outstanding figure in the international labor movement, a loyal ally of Lenin and Stalin. The whole history of the struggle of the working class of Bulgaria for its liberation is inextricably linked with the name of Dimitrov. “In the entire struggle of the working class,” said the address of the Central Committee of the Bulgarian Communist Party to party members and the Bulgarian people in connection with the death of Dimitrov, “in the socialist communist movement in our country over the past 50 years there has not been a single significant event that was not connected with great luck and ebullient organizational and leadership activities of Comrade Georgy Dimitrov. "
In 1902, Dimitrov joined the Bulgarian Workers' Social Democratic Party and actively joined the struggle against the reformists on the side of the revolutionary Marxist trend in the party, from which subsequently, after the victory of the Great October Revolution in Russia and the revolutionary upsurge in Bulgaria caused by it, the Bulgarian Communist Party grew ... Dimitrov was a consistent proletarian internationalist. He selflessly fought against the great Bulgarian chauvinism and nationalism, against the imperialist war. The Bulgarian reactionary government brutally persecuted Dimitrov, arrested him several times, imprisoned him, twice sentenced him to death. However, Dimitrov never stopped fighting for the interests of the working people.
In 1920, the Bulgarian communists sent Dimitrov as a delegate to the Congress of the Comintern.
In 1923, Dimitrov, together with Kolarov, led the September armed uprising, which played an important role in the growth of the class consciousness of the Bulgarian workers and peasants.
Dimitrov was a prominent figure in the international labor movement, one of the organizers of the international struggle against war and fascism, for peace and communism. He also actively worked on the Executive Committee of the Communist International. The fearlessness of the fighter and the talent of the tribune manifested itself with particular force in Dimitrov during the Leipzig trial in 1933, where Dimitrov exposed the fascist provocation, revealed to the whole world the bestial appearance of fascism. Dimitrov's courageous behavior at the Leipzig trial played an important role in mobilizing the forces of the working class and all working people to fight against war and fascism. Thanks to the intercession of the government of the Soviet Union and the revolutionary upsurge of the working people of the whole world, Dimitrov was torn from the bloody clutches of fascism and arrived in the USSR.
In Moscow, Dimitrov worked hard to rally the working people in the fight against fascism. In 1935 Dimitrov was elected General Secretary of the Executive Committee of the Comintern and remained unchanged in this post until the dissolution of the Comintern in 1943 G.M. Dimitrov worked out the questions of the strategy and tactics of the communists in the struggle against war and fascism. He fought for the creation and strengthening of a united front against imperialist reaction, did a great job of training and educating the leading cadres of the fraternal communist parties needed by the teachings of Marxism-Leninism.
During the Second World War, Dimitrov devoted all his efforts to mobilizing the masses to fight the Nazi invaders. He worked hard to organize the anti-fascist liberation movement abroad, in the countries occupied by the Nazis. He led the struggle of the Bulgarian patriots against fascism. For outstanding services in the struggle against fascism, Dimitrov was awarded the Order of Lenin in 1945.
When the Soviet Army, the liberating army, entered the territory of Bulgaria, the Bulgarian people, under the leadership of Dimitrov, overthrew the fascist regime and established the system of people's democracy. In November 1945, after 22 years of exile, Dimitrov returned to Bulgaria. Here he launched a vigorous activity, leading the entire work of the party, called for the struggle for peace, democracy and socialism. In the struggle for the construction of the Bulgarian people's democratic state, Dimitrov's great talent as a statesman manifested itself. Under the leadership of Dimitrov, a referendum on the state system and elections to the Great People's Assembly are being held. After a brilliant election victory, Dimitrov was unanimously elected Prime Minister of the People's Republic of Bulgaria. Under his leadership, a nationwide discussion of the new constitution is being developed and conducted.
With the adoption of the constitution and the nationalization of industry and banks, carried out almost simultaneously in Bulgaria, the people's democratic system was strengthened and took shape, which is a form of the dictatorship of the working class. Dimitrov directed the restoration and development of the national economy. With the fraternal assistance of the Soviet Union, the Bulgarian people, under the leadership of Dimitrov, achieved great success in raising the economy and culture of their country, in radically improving the well-being of the broad masses of the working people. In December 1948, the 5th Congress of the Bulgarian Communist Party took place, which outlined a program for building the foundations of socialism in Bulgaria.
On July 2, 1949, the heart of the great son of the Bulgarian people, Georgy Mikhailovich Dimitrov, stopped beating.
Dimitrov was an outstanding and talented theoretician of Marxism-Leninism. He always called for being guided by the teachings of Marxism, the richest experience of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
"For the communist parties," he said, "there is a single theory as a guide to action - the theory of Marxism-Leninism, there is a single purposefulness in their policies, there is the great party of Lenin-Stalin, as the leading party of the international labor movement." He ardently defended the interest of proletarian internationalism, unswervingly fighting against all kinds of nationalism. In internationalism, he said, the communists see a guarantee of the successful struggle of the working class in each country for the victory of socialism. In his speeches on the international labor movement, the strategy and tactics of the communist parties in the struggle against imperialism, on the construction of a new people's democratic Bulgaria, etc. Dimitrov creatively applied dialectical and historical materialism, gave vivid examples of a dialectical approach to reality.
In a letter to the editorial board of Philosophical Thought, Dimitrov pointed out that the study of philosophical works more and more convinced him “of the absolute necessity of a complete combination of practice with theory, since practice without theory is blind, and theory without practice is fruitless. This is especially important for the working class, which faces the historical task of not only correctly and scientifically explaining what exists, but also radically changing this existing for its own benefit, for the benefit of its people. Without revolutionary theory, there can be no revolutionary practice, as the great Lenin emphasized many times, and together with him the successor of his work - the great Stalin. "
Five cities are named in honor of Georgy Dimitrov: the city of Dimitrovo (now Pernik, Bulgaria), the city of Dimitrov (Donetsk), as well as three with the same name: Dimitrovgrad (a city in Bulgaria, a newly built city), Dimitrovgrad (a city in Serbia, formerly Tsaribrod) and Dimitrovgrad (Russia, former Melekess, Ulyanovsk region). Four of these five cities still bear names after Dimitrov. Hundreds of streets around the world are named after the outstanding revolutionary, monuments have been erected to him, one of which is located in the African country of Benin.
In honor of Dimitrov, the Order of George Dimitrov of the People's Republic of Bulgaria was established. Leonid Brezhnev was awarded this order in Sofia.
Myrnograd (Ukrainian Myrnohrad, until 2016 - Dimitrov) is a city of regional significance in eastern Ukraine in the Donetsk region. It is located 8 km from the Pokrovsk railway junction. The village of Svetloye is subordinated to the city. Distance to Donetsk: by road - 68 km, by rail - 59 km. Distance to Kiev: by road - 675 km, by rail - 797 km.
It was formed by combining the workers' settlements of the Novoeconomic and Grodovsky mines. Each of the listed villages has its own history. The discovery of coal seams on the lands of the village of Novoeconomicheskoe belongs to Afanasy Prokofievich Evtukhov. In the spring of 1909, the community donated four tithes of land in the Veselaya gully for coal mining. It was a small peasant mine run by the contractor Evtukhov. In 1911, most of the mines became the property of the Donetsk-Hrushevsky Joint Stock Company of Coal and Anthracite Mines, which led to the creation of one of the largest coal mining centers in the Donbass. With the revival of industrial production in 1910, new mines arose in the Grishinsky coal region: Novoeconomichesky, Grodovsky and Zapadno-Donetsky. Coal mining was carried out by small mines under the leadership of Kachanov. In 1911, industrialists Krechunsko and Ievlev received permission to prospect for minerals on the lands of the village of Novoeconomicheskoe. The new owners, who were part of the Donetsk-Hrushevskoe joint-stock company, began to lay the mines. Mine No. 1 "Central" in 1911 was registered in archival documents as an industrial enterprise. The beginning of the construction of the Tsentralnaya mine should be considered the year of foundation of our city. In 1913, mine No. 3 (the predecessor of mine No. 3 "bis") and No. 4 went into operation. The name Novoeconomichesky mine was assigned to these mines. In the spring of 1915, on the southwestern outskirts of the present town of Dimitrov, at that time on the territory of the Grodovsky mine, construction of the shaft of a new mine began. It was shaft No. 5 of the currently operating Dimitrova mine. Engineer Kazarinov became the owner of the Grodovsky mine. Small workers' settlements were formed near the mines. In 1934, the Grodovsky mine was renamed into "New Donbass", and in 1933 the mine was named after a prominent figure in the international labor movement Georgy Dimitrov. Since 1923, the Novoeconomichesky mine began to be called the Novoeconomicheskoe settlement, and in 1938 Novoeconomichesky received the status of a city. Having merged, small settlements of neighboring mines were named the village of Dimitrov. On July 5, 1965, by the decision of the Donetsk Regional Council of Working People's Deputies, the city of Novoeconomic, territorially practically merging with the village of Dimitrov, received the status of the city of Dimitrov. On May 9, 1972, by the decision of the Supreme Soviet of the Ukrainian SSR, the cities of Novoeconomicheskoe and Dimitrov were united into one city of Dimitrov of regional subordination. On August 2, 1990, by the decision of the session of the Supreme Soviet of the Ukrainian SSR, the city of Dimitrov received the status of a city of regional subordination. On March 21, 2016, in accordance with the law on decommunization, the Dimitrovsk deputies elected ...
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