What can you take for food poisoning. Symptoms and treatment of food poisoning in adults and children at home. What to drink in case of poisoning

Food poisoning is a problem that no one is immune from. Unfortunately, you can earn it even by eating your usual food. The disease can put even a healthy person out of action for at least a day, since it is simply impossible to do everyday activities or work in the presence of poisoning. It requires urgent and highly targeted therapy. Fortunately, now in pharmacies in a large assortment there are medicines for food poisoning, and it will not be difficult to defeat the disease.

Food poisoning is an acute dysfunction of the digestive system, accompanied by pronounced symptoms. Poisoning can be caused by the use of low-quality or spoiled food, drinks, products containing poisonous or toxic substances. Most often, the gastrointestinal tract reacts sharply to the use of expired products or dishes that contain causative agents of intestinal infectious diseases.

A common cause of food poisoning is expired foods

Table. Types of food poisoning.

A type	Description
	Poisoning develops against the background of the use of products contaminated with harmful microorganisms. Also, this type of pathology can manifest itself in a person who does not follow the rules of personal hygiene.
	Such poisoning develops due to the fact that any toxins, both chemical and natural, have entered the digestive tract. An example of non-infectious poisoning is the deterioration of the condition due to the use of poisonous mushrooms, berries, plants, and the ingestion of various chemicals into the gastrointestinal tract. As a result, a particularly dangerous condition arises, requiring immediate medical attention.

A poisoned person may experience the following symptoms.

On a note! The first symptoms of poisoning develop within the first 6 hours after consuming the product that provokes the disease. Moreover, the stronger the toxicity of the substances, the faster the signs of pathology develop. Also, the rate of onset of symptoms largely depends on the amount eaten, the age and health of the person.

If poisoning is provoked by poisonous fungi entering the gastrointestinal tract, then the patient's nervous system may be affected. A person easily falls into a coma, experiences hallucinations, and epileptic seizures may occur.

General principles of treatment

As a rule, most of the poisoning can be cured at home - in every home there is a first-aid kit, which usually contains remedies that alleviate the condition, eliminate symptoms, and help cope with the causes of poisoning. Light food poisoning is not life-threatening. By the way, even if you do not take any medications, such poisonings go away on their own in a couple of days.

The main principles of treatment:

• elimination of the cause of the poisoning (for example, exclusion of spoiled products from the menu);
• elimination of toxic substances from the body (gastric lavage, use of sorbents);
• taking preventive measures to prevent dehydration;
• restoration of the intestinal microflora and the activity of the organs of the intestinal tract;
• food according to a special diet.

If a person is faced with an intestinal infection, then he will have to undergo more serious and long-term treatment. First of all, you will need to eliminate pathogens with antibiotics. As a rule, intestinal infections are treated in a hospital under the supervision of a doctor.

Do I need to see a doctor?

You need to see a doctor only in a few cases:

• poisoning in a child under three years old;
• signs of intoxication in a pregnant woman;
• symptoms of intestinal infections;
• poisoning with mushrooms or highly toxic chemicals;
• extremely difficult and unstable condition;
• symptoms do not disappear or do not change their intensity within 2 days.

On a note! Sometimes symptoms characteristic of poisoning can also appear with other pathologies. In this case, only a doctor can make an accurate diagnosis.

To establish the cause of the patient's poor health and prescribe the most effective drugs, the doctor will direct the patient to be tested and undergo a series of examinations. These can be blood tests (biochemistry and general), urinalysis, fecal culture, ultrasound of the abdominal organs.

First aid and treatment

As a rule, most poisonings go away on their own and without any special therapy. Doctors may recommend drinking plenty of water and following a specific diet. However, in order for the symptoms to go away as quickly as possible and the patient's condition to stabilize, it is recommended to use medications of various types. They can have the following actions:

• prevent dehydration;
• regulate the water-salt balance;
• restore microflora;
• eliminate the action of toxic substances and remove them from the body.

The choice of anti-poisoning agent will depend on the symptoms present and their intensity.

Sorbent preparations

This category of funds is called enterosorbents and is used for sorption therapy. Such drugs help to remove toxic substances from the digestive tract and the body as a whole. They are the main ones in the treatment of various types of intoxication.

These drugs are capable of absorbing and retaining, and then removing various toxic substances from the gastrointestinal tract. These abilities are due to the special structure of funds. New drugs have a so-called selective effect, that is, they absorb substances that are dangerous to the body, without absorbing useful ones, including vitamins and minerals.

The drugs are available in the form of tablets, powders, gels. It is best to take sorbents at the first sign of poisoning, but during severe vomiting, they may be useless. Also, they need to be used in between taking other drugs (at least 2 hours) at least 3 times during the day. These products include activated carbon, Smecta, Polysorb, Enterosgel and others.

Video: Cleansing the body. Sorbents

Anti-dehydration drugs

Rehydration agents are used for the purpose of rehydration therapy, that is, replenishment of fluid losses in the body and restoration of salt balance. The second most important after sorbents, since due to profuse vomiting and diarrhea, patients lose a large amount of fluid - dehydration may occur.

The simplest remedies to restore the water-salt balance are ordinary mineral water or boiled water. There are also special drugs that everyone should have in their medicine cabinet. These are Regidron, Oralit, Letrozole, which are diluted with boiled water to a solution state. Take them for 1 tsp. every 2-3 minutes. You cannot drink in large quantities, as vomiting can be provoked.

Antispasmodics

Often, poisoning is accompanied by rather severe pain that appears due to spasms of the muscles of the stomach and intestines. Antispasmodic drugs will help eliminate this symptom. As a rule, in the absence of vomiting, it is recommended to take pills, and if vomiting is frequent, then the drugs will be administered using injections.

Antispasmodics include No-Shpa, Drotaverin, Spazmalgon. But it is not recommended to take them without permission - it is better to consult a doctor.

Attention! Drugs such as Diclofenac, Nimesil, Analgin cannot be used during poisoning! They greatly irritate the stomach and can lead to a deterioration in the patient's well-being.

Anti-vomiting and diarrhea medications

Vomiting and diarrhea are caused by the body's attempts to cleanse itself of toxic substances on its own. As a rule, doctors do not recommend stopping these processes. However, if vomiting and diarrhea becomes painful and does not stop, then it is recommended to use remedies that eliminate these symptoms. Against vomiting, drugs such as Cerucal, Metoclopramide, Motilium are used. And with diarrhea, Trimebutin, Loperamide will be effective.

Video: Poisoning and diarrhea. What medicines will help quickly

Preparations against pathogenic microflora

These drugs are rarely prescribed for food poisoning, as they can provoke dysbiosis. These are antibiotics used for intestinal infections. The group of drugs includes Ceftriaxone, Ofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin and others.

Enzymes and drugs that normalize the intestinal microflora

This group of drugs is auxiliary, drugs are used in addition to the main therapy. Enzymes will help food to digest better, and the stomach will not refuse such help during the recovery period. You need to take them when vomiting stops. These are Mezim, Creon, Pancreatin, Festal, etc.

After poisoning and its treatment, the intestinal microflora is seriously disturbed. Therefore, patients are recommended during the recovery period to take drugs that restore the balance of beneficial microorganisms. These products include Linex, Bionorm, Baktisubtil.

Instructions for the treatment of food poisoning

Step 1. It is important to remove toxic substances from the body. It is best to flush the stomach with a weak solution of potassium permanganate or soda. The patient needs to drink the prepared liquid, and then induce vomiting using a well-known method - pressing on the root of the tongue with two fingers. Washing is carried out until the vomit is completely clean.

Step 2. Then you should take sorbent preparations that will help remove toxins that have been absorbed. They are best taken as an aqueous suspension.

Step 3. If possible, you need to provide the patient with plenty of drink (up to 3 liters during the day). This measure is necessary to replenish water consumption in the body. You should also take care of restoring the balance of salts and use rehydrants to normalize it, taking them in accordance with the instructions.

Step 4. The patient needs to sleep as much as possible, rest, observe bed rest. The first day it is better not to eat at all.

Step 5. On the second day, if the patient's condition improves, you can start eating a little. Dishes such as oatmeal in the water, mashed potatoes, crackers are suitable.

Step 6. If symptoms of poisoning persist within 1-1.5 days, then it is important to see a doctor as soon as possible.

Video - Food poisoning or infection? How to tell?

Poisoning can happen to everyone, and it is important to know how to deal with this ailment correctly. You can reduce the risks of intoxication of the body by observing simple rules of prevention: you only need to eat high-quality food with an expiration date, observe the rules of personal hygiene, wash fruits and vegetables before eating, and stop eating unfamiliar berries and mushrooms.

Many people know what poisoning is and how dangerous it can be. It must be remembered which remedy is effective for poisoning and can quickly remove toxins from the body.

What is called poisoning

Toxins and poisons that enter the human body cause disruption of normal life. If the source is not disposed of in a timely manner, it will continue its destructive action and ultimately lead to the death of a person.

Doctors have a classification of types of poisoning, based on the type of toxic agent.

The reason that caused the intoxication of the body may be:

Poisons and toxins can enter the human body in various ways: orally (through the mouth), by breathing, through the skin, by injection.

Frequent sources of intoxication are alcohol, poisonous mushrooms, low-quality canned food, medicines, carbon monoxide during a fire or smoke in the room.

Toxic substances affect a person in different ways, based on this, four conditions are distinguished:

1. acute intoxication, manifested by a sharp manifestation of symptoms of poisoning;
2. a subacute form of poisoning - manifested by signs indicating repeated exposure to poisons on the internal organs or human skin;
3. hyperacute - affects the central nervous system, can be expressed by convulsions, loss of coordination, often causes death;
4. chronic - symptoms characterize long-term exposure to toxins on a person, characteristic signs are very pronounced.

Under normal household conditions, the most common are food poisoning, characterized by a dysfunction of the digestive system.

Food poisoning: characteristics and first aid

You can get poisoned by many products: not fried meat, poorly washed vegetables, fruits, low-quality canned food, stale food.

When stored in the refrigerator for a long time or at room temperature, many foods may be inedible.

Poisoning is caused by bacteria and pathogenic microorganisms - pathogens of foodborne infections. They can get on products even before buying or develop in a favorable environment: temperature, high humidity.

Bacteria can get on products from the packaging, dirty hands of the seller, they can live and develop in the body of animals, birds or fish that are planned to be eaten. With insufficient heat treatment, they "wake up" and begin their destructive action in the human body.

Signs of food poisoning

In case of poisoning with poor-quality food, the very first symptoms will be:

• severe stomach pain or abdominal cramps;
• nausea;
• vomit;
• diarrhea.

Sometimes the body copes with the problem on its own, removes toxins, so these symptoms pass quickly, the digestive function is restored.

If the above phenomena do not disappear within two days or the person's condition worsens with every hour, the temperature rises, dizziness, dry mouth appear, the color, the volume of urine changes (it becomes dark yellow, and the urge becomes rare) - you need to urgently consult a doctor ...

These symptoms indicate that dehydration begins in the body, which is often fatal.

First aid for food poisoning

There are cases when you need to call an ambulance immediately:

1. if a child, an elderly person, a pregnant woman is poisoned;
2. if an adult has difficulty breathing and speaking, he cannot swallow and complains of blurry vision. Such symptoms may indicate botulism, a dangerous form of the disease.

Important! Do not try to stop the diarrhea - it will help remove toxins from the body faster, but if the diarrhea does not stop for several days, see your doctor. With feces, the body leaves the fluid.

At the first suspicions of food poisoning or an intestinal infectious disease (a stomach ache sharply, a person felt faint, or vomiting, diarrhea began), it is important to remove toxic substances from the body as soon as possible.

For this, enterosorbent preparations are suitable:

• organic - made on the basis of natural digestive fibers: Multisorb, Algisorb, Mikoton, Zosterin and others;
• carbon - derivatives of the well-known sorbent - activated carbon. These are Karbovit, Karbolong, Anthralen. They have the property, like a sponge, to collect toxins, heavy metal salts. The main application is for food and chemical poisoning, intestinal infections, bloating;
• silicon - they act selectively, but effectively, however, they cannot reliably and for a long time retain toxins, therefore, they are less effective than carbon sorbents. Silicon-containing preparations include popular remedies used by many for diarrhea: Smecta, Polysorb, Enterosgel and the like.

There are also combined drugs that combine active substances that neutralize toxins and promote their rapid elimination from the body.

Form of release of sorbents: powders for dilution with water, tablets, gel. So, Enterosgel is produced in the form of a paste-gel, has a pleasant taste and can be used to alleviate the condition of the child. Sorbents are taken as soon as the first signs of poisoning are noticed, at least three times a day until the functions of the digestive system are fully restored.

Drugs that normalize the state of the body

The most popular, long-known and inexpensive sorbent is activated carbon. It is effective for food poisoning, alcohol intoxication, poisoning with toxic substances, absorbs poisons, gases, heavy metal salts.

Side effects - possible constipation, loss of valuable trace elements, minerals. Charcoal should not be used for stomach ulcers, intestines, exacerbation of hemorrhoids.

Among other popular and effective sorbent drugs, there are well-known drugs for poisoning:

1. Enterosgel is a silicon preparation that has practically no contraindications: it can be given to young children, pregnant women. It quickly removes toxins from the body, helps with toxicosis of pregnant women, alcohol intoxication, while retaining useful trace elements in the body.
2. Ultrasorb is a combined enterosorbent recommended for chronic or acute intoxication with radioactive substances. Often used for people working in hazardous industries.
3. Polysorb is a combined preparation that quickly and effectively removes toxins, it is recommended for various types of poisoning - alcohol intoxication, food and drug poisoning.
4. Smecta - is used as an antidiarrheal drug with an adsorbing effect. Effectively acts in case of food poisoning, intestinal infection, alcohol intoxication. Quickly restores the mucous membranes of the stomach and intestines.

Preparations for the restoration of the body

In case of poisoning, it is important not only to quickly eliminate the negative effects of toxins on the body, it is necessary to restore the water-salt balance in the body. If you vomit, diarrhea, you can take Omeprazole. Simple boiled water or mineral water without gas, electrolyte solutions - rehydrants (Regidron) will help to replenish the amount of fluid in the body.

Poisoning is often accompanied by severe pain, cramps in the stomach and intestines.

Antispasmodics pills will help relieve pain:

To avoid stomach damage when using anti-inflammatory drugs, it is helpful to take Omeprazole. It helps to quickly restore gastric mucosa and acidity. Food poisoning can cause acute or chronic gastritis, accompanied by heartburn, pain. Omeprazole is used to treat gastritis, so it is often prescribed during the rehabilitation period after poisoning.

It is undesirable to stop diarrhea in a poisoned person, but if it is prolonged, you can take antidiarrheal drugs and probiotics, which will accelerate the restoration of intestinal microflora and normalize digestion.

Medication for vomiting is also only useful when it threatens dehydration. Cerucal, Pancreatin, Omeprazole, Domrid will help tame vomiting. Pancreatin is also taken for alcohol intoxication. However, it is better to take them only on the recommendation of a doctor.

When eliminating the consequences of poisoning, taking enzymes will help to quickly restore the digestive process. Famous enzymes are Mezim, Festal, Pancreatin.

It is important to stick to a diet for several days after poisoning, but drink as much water as possible.

Sorbent drugs, drugs Omeprazole, Pancreatin, No-shpa and similar ones in action should be in every home medicine cabinet: in case of food poisoning, they will help to quickly remove toxins from the body, restore disturbed functions of the digestive system.

However, if the symptoms are not eliminated within two days, or the patient's condition worsens quickly, you should not wait for two days: you need to urgently consult a doctor who will prescribe treatment.

Poisoning drugs: TOP-16 effective

With the abuse of drugs, eating spoiled food, using household chemicals or leaning on alcohol, intoxication occurs. For poisoning, medications are prescribed that absorb and expel poisons from the body.

Features of the use of drugs for poisoning

If you clearly understand what to drink from poisoning, you will prevent complications. With a correctly selected therapy, the following effect will be exerted on the body:

• prevention of dehydration, restoration of water-salt balance;
• normalization of intestinal microflora, improvement of the digestibility and digestion of food;
• removal from the body of salts of heavy metals, pathogens and products of their vital activity, poisons of a different nature;
• fight against vomiting, diarrhea, heartburn;
• elimination of spasms that cause pain in the abdominal cavity.

Pregnant women, elderly people, young children need a consultation with a specialist. Only the doctor will tell you for sure what helps to get rid of the poisoning as quickly and without complications as possible.

Effective drugs for poisoning

To save from poisoning, it is advisable to use drugs in a complex manner. The therapy includes medications to prevent dehydration, absorption and removal of toxic compounds, eliminate painful spasms, etc. This approach will provide a good, and most importantly, fast, treatment.

Sorbents from poisoning

They act as an ambulance, cleaning the most important systems and organs of a person from accumulated poisons, pathogenic microflora, toxins. After use, the urge to vomit, fever and other symptoms of intoxication go away.

# 1. Enterosgel

Enterosgel is effective against poisoning of any nature. It acts as a sponge, absorbing allergens, pathogenic microorganisms, urea, bilirubin and other dangerous metabolic products. The drug qualitatively cleans the intestines, improving the composition of the microflora. It is drunk 3-5 times a day in dosage according to the instructions.

# 2. Polyphepan

The sorbent is based on wood, which cleans the body of all dangerous compounds as quickly as possible. From poisoning, the amount of medicine is calculated by the weight of a person's body. Before taking the drug, it is combined with water and taken in the form of a suspension. The treatment lasts 5 days. Among the contraindications, there is acute gastritis, constipation.

No. 3. Smecta

Powder from poisoning with enveloping properties surpasses analogues in efficiency due to the speed of action. To save from an unpleasant condition, it is necessary to combine 0.1 l. filtered water with a bag of funds. Reception is repeated every 6-7 hours, therapy lasts 5 days.

No. 4. Polysorb MP

"Polysorb" is often drunk in case of poisoning, mixing a weightless powder with a liquid in the specified proportions. The resulting suspension forms a "sponge" that instantly absorbs all the poisons. "Polysorb" is prescribed for any type of intoxication, even with intestinal infection or mercury poisoning. It is used in a hospital for gastric lavage. To carry out detoxification, it is necessary to calculate the amount by weight and observe the frequency of intake.

Rehydrants for poisoning

A rehydrant means a drug that must be introduced into therapy against poisoning (food and any other) to prevent dehydration and restore electrolyte balance.

# 1. Regidron

The best remedy among those available on the market, which must be taken from poisoning. The composition of the drug includes sodium compounds that quickly restore the mineral balance. The drug is dispensed in sachets; to obtain a solution, the sachet is dissolved in 0.5 l. water. Immediately after poisoning, within 1 hour, a person needs to use his own dosage (10 ml. Solution per 1 kg. Weight). Then the volume is halved.

# 2. Trihydron

An analogue of "Regidron", but more affordable in terms of price policy. Concentrates about 8 elements irreplaceable for the body, each of which performs a specific function. The drug is supplied to the shelves of pharmacies in a sachet, the contents of each sachet are diluted with water before taking.

Enzyme preparations for poisoning

This group of medicines is widely used for alcohol intoxication, from poisoning with poor-quality food or toxins. Medicines relieve stress on the pancreas, stomach, and other important organs.

# 1. Mezim

Coats the mucous membranes of the stomach, protecting them from the influence of hydrochloric acid. Improves the digestive tract, relieving nausea and vomiting. The drug is approved for use by all categories of persons, starting from the age of 3. They drink it according to the instructions. Among the prohibitions is intestinal obstruction.

# 2. Festal

Enzyme tablets from poisoning based on active compounds are taken once or in a course of 5 days (the frequency of use is three times a day). Contraindications include hepatitis, diarrhea, cholelithiasis, and intestinal obstruction.

Important!

If it is necessary to eliminate the main signs of intoxication, including pain, do not take NSAID drugs (Nimesil, Analgin, etc.). They irritate the stomach wall and worsen the condition.

Antispasmodics for poisoning

You need to take medications for poisoning that will relieve discomfort in the form of colic, pain and vomiting. Antispasmodics quickly relieve symptoms of malaise by relaxing the smooth muscles.

# 1. No-shpa

"No-shpa" has a minimum number of contraindications. The medicine is drunk three times a day, 2 units. It is allowed to adhere to the course for no more than 2 days. It is forbidden to resort to the help of the remedy for the syndrome of low cardiac output, severe diseases of the kidneys and liver, problems with the assimilation of galactose, lactose.

# 2. Papaverine

Poisoning drugs such as Papaverine belong to the segment of inexpensive and effective medicines. You need to take tablets 3-4 times a day. During therapy, side reactions sometimes appear in the form of low blood pressure, bloating, constipation, allergies, and drowsiness.

No. 3. Platyphyllin

The remedy eliminates spasms, providing a mild sedative effect. The tablets are drunk every 8 hours. In case of an overdose, there is thirst, urinary retention, headache, tachycardia. The drug is prohibited for glaucoma, ischemia, impaired functioning of the thyroid gland, kidneys, heart, liver.

Important!

Painkillers are taken with extreme caution for poisoning. Medicines can drown the symptoms that signal an attack of appendicitis. Medication can make it difficult to determine the root cause of a deterioration in well-being.

Medicines for vomiting and poisoning

Means of directional action should be drunk in case of poisoning in order to stop profuse vomiting. Medications slow down motor skills and stabilize the condition.

# 1. Domrid

The drug copes with vomiting, nausea, pain, heartburn. You should drink 1 tablet 4 times a day. It is allowed to adhere to therapy for no more than 2 days. Occasionally negative reactions appear. The medication is contraindicated for pituitary tumors, hepatic, cardiac and renal failure, bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract, intestinal obstruction.

# 2. Cerucal

"Cerucal" has established itself as an effective antiemetic agent. You need to drink it 2 tablets 3 times a day half an hour before a meal. The medicine can provoke negative reactions in the form of drowsiness, dizziness and thirst. Among the contraindications are intestinal atony, bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract, flatulence, ulcers, biliary dyskinesia.

Antibacterial drugs for poisoning

Antibacterial drugs are sometimes prescribed for poisoning. It is advisable to take them only for intestinal infections, accompanied by bouts of loose stools and vomiting mixed with blood.

# 1. Rifaximin

The antibiotic has a broad spectrum of action. The active substances are completely absorbed into the intestines, penetrating into the bloodstream in small quantities. You need to drink 6 mg. every 8 hours. Course - a week. It is worth saying that taking "Rifaximin" will be the right decision in case of bacterial poisoning.

# 2. Nifuroxazide

The medicine shows high efficiency in infections of various etiologies. After undergoing therapy, it does not cause dysbiosis. The composition is safe and has practically no side reactions. The same applies to contraindications, with the exception of individual intolerance. Reception is carried out 4 times a day for 10 days.

No. 3. Ciprofloxacin

The agent belongs to the group of fluoroquinols. It helps from poisoning due to the complete destruction of pathogenic microflora. The daily allowance is 500-1000 mg. The dosage must be divided into 2 doses. It is best to drink the medicine after waking up and shortly before bed. The therapy lasts 5-15 days, depending on the patient's well-being.

Important!

When treating with antibiotics, it is important to supplement with probiotics. The best are "Bifiform" and "Linex". Means exclude the development of dysbiosis. The balance of the intestinal microflora is completely restored.

You should not take medications for diarrhea if the condition is accompanied by loose stools. It is necessary to wait 2 days for the body to be cleansed of toxins. Only after this is it allowed to drink medications with bonding properties. Antibiotics and other drugs are prescribed as needed.

What medications need to be taken in case of poisoning

Food intoxication is a disruption of the digestive system due to infection, ingestion of expired food or products containing toxic substances. Symptoms of poisoning appear 3-6 hours after eating poor-quality food. Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea - this is how the body removes toxic substances. Pills are not always needed for poisoning, therapy depends on the nature of intoxication and the severity of the patient's condition.

Effectiveness of various forms of drugs

The effectiveness of drugs depends on the method of administration into the body. If help is needed more quickly, injections are injected. The medicine enters the body faster and in precise quantities. The choice of the form of the drug is carried out by the doctor.

Enteral administration requires reading the instructions. Medicines are produced in the form of capsules that are absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract. Do not open capsules, you can damage the stomach.

Consider 3 factors when using tablets:

1. When to take (before, during or after meals).
2. How to take (dissolve under the tongue, swallow, chew).
3. Dosage.

The effectiveness of the drug depends on the reception.

Most medicines for the treatment of poisoning are presented in pill form.

In case of poisoning, powders are diluted with water in the proportions indicated on the doctor's prescription, instructions. They act like tablets - they pass through the gastrointestinal tract, enter the bloodstream, the remains of the drug are excreted by the body by the kidneys.

In the form of powders in sachets, electrolytes are produced - medicines to restore the water-salt balance (Regidron), sorbents (Polysorb).

Liquid products (saline, syrup, injections)

The parenteral (intravenous) route of drug administration is fast. Droppers in case of poisoning help to avoid dehydration, remove toxic substances from the body, and increase the daily volume of urine. In case of intoxication, 2 types of droppers are used:

1. Electrolytes to regulate water-salt balance (isotonic, hypotonic and hypertonic solutions).
2. Plasma substitutes are used in case of large liquid losses in case of poisoning. Representatives: Gemodez, Reogluman, Polyglyukin.

Injections and droppers with saline are used for infectious poisoning, severe conditions of the patient, when the patient does not eat on his own.

Syrups for poisoning are prescribed for children. It is difficult to persuade a child to take a pill; the manufacturer supplements the suspensions with fruit flavors.

Medicine for food poisoning in the form of a paste - Enterosgel. Before use, the drug is diluted with water. The medication provides assistance without being absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract, is excreted in its original form after 12 hours.

Overview of drugs and their types

Drug treatment of the intoxication state is represented by a wide selection of drugs of various actions. It should be with the help of a specialist or after carefully studying the instructions, choose the appropriate option.

Laxatives

Laxatives are used for constipation. The action of the drugs is aimed at increasing intestinal motility, softening feces, inhibiting the absorption of toxins in the intestine.

Detoxifying

Sorbents are necessary for the removal of toxic substances from the body. Phenols, free radicals bind and are eliminated from the body. The drugs eliminate the symptoms of intoxication: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea. Sorbents are taken in the first hours after poisoning, at the time of acute conditions there will be no effect.

Probiotics are needed to restore the microflora of the stomach and intestines. The drugs suppress the growth of pathogenic microflora, promote the restoration of bacteria.

Antimicrobial

Medicines for poisoning are prescribed for an infectious cause of intoxication, the presence of pathological microflora in the digestive tract. Antibiotics are taken on the recommendation of a doctor, available from pharmacies with a prescription.

Enzymatic

Enzymes are needed to regulate digestive and pancreatic function. Food poisoning tablets speed up the digestion of food.

Homeopathy

Preparations for poisoning in homeopathy are chosen depending on the product with which intoxication has occurred.

Antidote therapy

Antidotes are substances that neutralize the effects of poisons. Antidote therapy is effective at an early stage of poisoning, practically does not bring results after the absorption of the poison in the gastrointestinal tract.

Classification of antidotes by mode of exposure:

1. Local - absorption of the antidote by the tissue of the body, neutralization of the poison without affecting the body.
2. General resorptive - a conflict between an antidote and a poisonous substance.
3. Competitive - poisons are displaced by an antidote as a result of a chemical reaction.
4. Physiological - effective as a result of the opposite effect of poison and antidote.
5. Immunological - the use of a serum that acts in case of a specific intoxication.

Depending on the nature of the intoxication:

1. Animal, bacterial origin.
2. Mushrooms.
3. Vegetable origin.
4. Medications.

Antidote therapy depends on the time of exposure to the toxin on the body, the amount and composition of the toxic substance. Antidotes can only be prescribed by a doctor, antidotes are not harmless substances. Inappropriate antidote administration will make the problem worse.

In case of poisoning of a patient with carbon monoxide, the patient is prescribed an oxygen pillow, in case of intoxication with methyl alcohol - ethyl alcohol. Acetylcysteine ​​is used for poisoning with paracetamol, dichloroethane.

Do not treat chemical intoxication at home, only a doctor can prescribe therapy.

In difficult cases (intoxication with mushrooms, alcohol, drugs), the patient is connected to the "artificial kidney" apparatus. The device performs the functions of a real kidney, purifies the blood from compounds with low molecular weight.

To avoid poisoning, engage in prevention. Mushrooms are heavy food, do not give them to children under 5 years old. When buying products, look at the expiration dates, the integrity of the packaging, storage conditions. For the prevention of drug intoxication, use medication according to the indications and prescription of a doctor. Maintain a rational diet, periodically carry out a detox diet at home to cleanse the body of toxins and toxins.

Poisoning drugs. What medicines to drink in case of poisoning

One of the most common illnesses that many people suffer without visiting a doctor is poisoning. Most often, they happen after eating contaminated or stale food, poisonous mushrooms or plants, non-compliance with personal hygiene rules, or an overdose of drugs. The most susceptible to this malaise are children who pull everything into their mouths. Such a nuisance often happens to adults, especially during the holidays and summer vacations. Therefore, each housewife should have in her first-aid kit different medicines for poisoning in order to be able to provide first aid to herself and her loved ones. In case of severe intoxication or if you suspect an infectious disease, you should not self-medicate, but you need to call a doctor. And with a small food poisoning, it is enough to follow a diet for several days and take special medications. But this can be done only if there is no temperature, and the condition is improving every day.

What medicines to drink in case of poisoning

The first symptoms of intoxication usually appear within a few hours after eating stale or poisoned foods. The patient feels abdominal pain, nausea and weakness. He begins to vomit and loose stools. In severe cases, the temperature may rise, the pressure may drop, and heart failure may begin. Not all poisoning medications can be taken at the same time. There is a specific treatment regimen:

1. When the first symptoms appear, you need to flush the stomach. To do this, drink a large amount of water or medicinal solutions, then induce vomiting. You can use a solution of soda, potassium permanganate or activated carbon for washing.

2. The main danger of poisoning is dehydration. Therefore, you need to drink a lot of fluids, and in order to restore the water-salt balance in the body, special preparations are used for this.

3. From the first hours after the onset of symptoms of poisoning, it is imperative to take various adsorbents that neutralize the poisons and toxins that have entered the body.

4. With the appearance of severe pain, antispasmodics are taken, at a temperature you can take an antipyretic. But these medicines, like antibiotics, can only be prescribed by a doctor.

5. After the end of treatment, it is necessary to take probiotics for some time in order to restore the disturbed intestinal microflora.

6. What medicines for poisoning help to improve digestion? Diarrhea-relieving drugs are often required. After relieving the condition and stopping vomiting, when the patient begins to eat, he needs enzymes to improve the digestion of food.

Sorbents for poisoning

They need to start drinking when the first symptoms appear. Sorbents are the most important medicine against poisoning because they help to remove toxins and poisons and prevent them from entering the bloodstream. Which ones are the most common?

- activated charcoal is taken one-time in the amount of 10-20 tablets, its solution is used for gastric lavage, then, until the condition is relieved, you need to drink 2-4 tablets every few hours;

- the drug "Enterosgel", in addition to adsorbing properties, has an enveloping effect and stops diarrhea. It improves the functioning of the entire gastrointestinal tract well;

- a very effective remedy - "Polysorb". It is taken in the form of an aqueous suspension and has a strong adsorptive and anti-toxic effect;

- the drug "Smecta" also well adsorbs toxic substances in the intestines, in addition, it envelops and protects the mucous membrane and helps with diarrhea.

Recovery of water-salt metabolism

In case of severe vomiting and diarrhea, dehydration can occur, which is very dangerous to health. To replenish the loss of fluid, you need to drink a lot, preferably mineral water or a solution of soda and salt. But there is a good medicine for food poisoning, which contains the right amount of sodium and potassium salts. This is the drug "Regidron", which is used to prepare a solution. Usually, you need to drink about a liter of it during the day. Treatment with "Regidron" continues until vomiting and diarrhea stop. There are also special medicines for poisoning a child that fight dehydration well and are shown to babies from infancy. This is the drug "Glucosolan", consisting of glucose preparations and a salt mixture, as well as the drug "Humana electrolyte", which not only restores the water-salt balance, but also copes well with toxins.

Antispasmodics from poisoning

Often, in addition to digestive disorders, the patient suffers from severe abdominal pain. To alleviate the condition, the following medications are used:

- the most effective of them is the drug "No-shpa", which quickly relieves spasms of smooth muscles of the stomach and intestines. You need to drink it 2-3 tablets three times a day;

- sometimes any drugs based on papaverine or drotaverine are also used;

- if you need not only to relieve pain, but also to lower the temperature, take the medicine "Omez" or "Nimesil".

Restoration of disturbed microflora

It is very important after poisoning to take drugs that will improve digestion and restore the intestinal microflora. Probiotics and enzymes should be consumed for about a week.

1. Means "Mezim Forte", "Festal" or "Creon" are enzyme preparations that help to digest proteins, fats and carbohydrates.

2. Medication "Lactofiltrum" improves the condition of the large intestine and stimulates the growth of beneficial microflora. In addition, it increases the body's resistance.

3. Means "Linex" contains useful lacto- and bifidobacteria that improve the condition of the gastrointestinal tract.

4. The medicine "Hilak Forte", in addition to colonizing the intestines with useful microflora, also helps to cope with poisons and toxins and is effective in some infectious diseases.

What other drugs can you take for poisoning?

With severe diarrhea, in addition to the drug "Smecta", you can drink "Motilium" or "Loperamide". But you can only do this if you know how these drugs work on you, as they can cause constipation and intestinal obstruction. Sometimes, as prescribed by a doctor, in case of poisoning, antibiotics and sulfa drugs are taken: "Levomecitin", "Phtalazol" or "Sulgin". There is also a safe intestinal antibacterial agent that is prescribed even for children - the drug "Enterofuril". But in case of severe poisoning, and even more so if a child has suffered, it is imperative to consult a doctor.

What medicines to take in case of poisoning?

Food poisoning in adults without severe symptoms or CNS depression can be treated at home. Tablets and other drugs for internal use are selected based on the symptoms of intoxication.

Signs of food poisoning

Food poisoning occurs due to the consumption of spoiled food, food contaminated with pathogenic microorganisms, food containing poisons. The main symptoms appear on average after 4-6 hours, but can begin earlier or in a day. The severity of intoxication is determined by the amount of food eaten, the presence of concomitant diseases, age, individual characteristics of the body. Typical signs of acute poisoning:

• nausea and severe repeated vomiting;
• diarrhea;
• increased body temperature;

In case of poisoning with poisonous mushrooms, household chemicals, salts of heavy metals, signs of damage to the central nervous system are noted. Convulsions, loss of consciousness, hallucinations, coma appear.

Poisoning treatment rules

With increasing signs of intoxication and depression of the central nervous system, the patient needs professional help. Therefore, it is necessary to call an ambulance or independently deliver the victim to the hospital.

Some diseases have similar symptoms to food poisoning, but their treatment involves the use of different pharmaceuticals.

If you are still sure that the victim was poisoned by poor-quality food, then you can cure him at home:

• provide emergency assistance - thoroughly flush the stomach and induce artificial vomiting;
• choose medicines in accordance with the symptoms of poisoning;

It is not advisable to eat for the first 1-2 days after the trouble. In the future, it is necessary to follow a diet, that is, to feed the patient with easily digestible food in small portions. First, we recommend rice broth, porridge in water, then vegetable and meat broths. Bananas, bread, steam cutlets are gradually introduced. Lactic acid products - yogurt, kefir, cottage cheese can be given 5-7 days after the restoration of the digestive system.

The goals of drug therapy for poisoning

For poisoning and intestinal infections, drugs are prescribed primarily with the aim of removing toxins and poisons from the digestive system. You also need:

• Prevent dehydration... A high risk of dehydration is characteristic of poisoning, occurring with repeated vomiting and frequent diarrhea.

It is possible to distinguish intestinal infection and rotavirus from banal food poisoning by high temperature readings on the thermometer. The disease also proceeds with abdominal cramps and false desires for frequent bowel movements against the background of diarrhea. To eliminate it, additional treatment with antibacterial agents is required.

Enterosorbents for poisoning

Enterosorbent drugs bind toxins and prevent them from being absorbed into the walls of the digestive system and the subsequent spread of blood flow. Then the complexes of toxic substances are naturally excreted through the intestines. At the same time, most enterosorbents have a fixing effect, so they help prevent dehydration.

Sorbents must be taken after gastric lavage. This group of drugs includes dozens of drugs.

They are taken not only in the acute stage of intoxication, but also for several more days. This drug regimen helps to completely cleanse the digestive system.

Activated carbon

The simplest and most affordable sorbent for all. The dosage is calculated on the basis of weight - 1 tablet of charcoal is needed for every 10 kilograms. It is crushed, diluted with half a glass of water and drunk. Frequency of use - 4 times a day in the first 2-3 days after poisoning with low-quality food. The disadvantage of the drug is the possible occurrence of constipation.

Activated charcoal can also be given to a child. The dose for children is calculated in the same way as for adults. The course of treatment is 7-10 days.

White coal

Consists of silicon dioxide and cellulose. The drug gently removes microbial toxins, food and household allergens, intestinal gases from the digestive system. Silicon dioxide improves the movement of alkaloids, salts of heavy metals, barbiturates, organophosphorus compounds, residual nitrogen, ethyl alcohol, acetone from the blood into the intestines.

White charcoal quickly reduces the load on the liver and kidneys, normalizes metabolic reactions and reduces the severity of intoxication. Unlike activated carbon, the described drug does not lead to constipation. On the contrary, under its influence, intestinal peristalsis increases, which contributes to the accelerated removal of all toxins from the body. White charcoal is not prohibited during pregnancy. The drug in case of poisoning is prescribed for adults, 3 tablets 3-4 times a day.

Sorbent in powder form, which should be diluted before use. Binds and removes pathogenic bacteria and their toxins, alcohol, poisons, allergenic substances from the digestive system. It is prescribed for food toxicoinfections and intestinal infections, alcohol poisoning and heavy metal salts.

In case of acute food poisoning before oral administration, it is recommended to pre-wash the stomach with Polysorb. A 0.5-1% suspension is prepared from a liter of water and powder, which the patient must drink, after which he must induce vomiting. Then Polysorb adults need to use 6-12 grams per day. This amount of powder is divided into 3-4 doses. The suspension is prepared just before taking it. It is necessary to treat acute poisoning with Polysorb from 3 to 5 days; in case of chronic intoxication, therapy is extended to 10 days.

Rehydrants

Everyone should know what to take at home in case of poisoning proceeding with indomitable vomiting and frequent loose stools. Such a course of food and intestinal infections quickly leads to dehydration, which in turn disrupts the water-electrolyte balance and, accordingly, adversely affects the functioning of the heart, nervous and respiratory systems, and kidneys.

Rehydrants replenish fluid loss and restore salt balance. Their group includes:

Rehydrants usually come in powder form. Before use, they are diluted in boiled water. The prepared solution should be drunk a teaspoon every 3-5 minutes and always after vomiting or diarrhea. In large quantities, solutions cannot be used, as this can provoke vomiting.

Rehydrants need to be drunk warm, this improves the absorption of nutrients.

Prevention of dehydration at home is allowed at 1-2 degrees of dehydration. A patient with third degree dehydration requires emergency medical attention. Its development is indicated by such signs as severe dryness of the skin, retraction of the eyes, non-closing of the eyelids, lack of urine or its insignificant discharge, frequent pulse and tachycardia, drop in blood pressure.

Antiemetics

Vomiting is a natural reaction of the body, with the help of which toxic substances and toxins are removed. However, severe, indomitable vomiting not only exhausts the patient, but also causes dehydration. To stop it, you can take one of the following remedies:

Cerucal... The drug suppresses the work of the vomiting center. Adults are prescribed 1 tablet up to 3-4 times a day.

Antiemetics are used briefly - in the treatment of food poisoning for 2-3 days. Once nausea and vomiting have been eliminated, they can no longer be used.

Antidiarrheal tablets

Food poisoning is often accompanied by the appearance of frequent loose stools. Prolonged diarrhea leads to weakness, dehydration, and negatively affects overall well-being. Means that help with diarrhea are selected based on their mechanism of action.

Food poisoning in children and adults is an acute pathology of the gastrointestinal tract, which occurs with a disorder of the digestive function. The main reason for this phenomenon is the penetration of pathogenic bacteria into the body along with food or drink (alcohol). Not everyone knows how to treat food poisoning and how to provide first aid to a person, but this is not at all difficult.

First aid

As soon as the first signs of poisoning appear, it is necessary to begin washing the stomach, which will help free it from pathogens. This can be done using a weak solution of potassium permanganate, which is filtered through a paper filter or gauze folded in four. If you don't have potassium permanganate at hand, you can take regular baking soda and make a solution from it: 1 tsp. soda per liter of liquid.

The agent that is used to wash the stomach must be prepared immediately in advance, for example, in a volume of up to 10 liters. The temperature of the liquid should not be lower than 37 degrees, which will help prevent hypothermia of the body. The optimal temperature regime is 35-37 degrees. It is in this case that intestinal peristalsis slows down, the passage of toxins through the digestive tract is inhibited.

For the first time, the poisoned person must be given 2–6 glasses of liquid to drink, that is, the prepared solution, thereby causing a gag reflex and freeing the stomach from bacteria and products containing them. This manipulation is carried out until the emetic liquid has a transparent color. After that, it is recommended every 15 minutes. use enterosorbent tablets.

When the poisoning is accompanied by a temperature, the person must be wrapped in a warm blanket or blanket and given complete rest. On the first day, it is forbidden to eat anything, but on the second day it is allowed to include low-fat broth, rice in the diet. The menu will expand every day. Until complete recovery occurs, it is forbidden to eat pickled, spicy, smoked and salty foods, that is, those that irritate the gastrointestinal mucosa. This includes carbonated drinks.

On the second day after poisoning, you can eat rice porridge and rice soup.

As a rule, signs of food poisoning in adults and children disappear on their own within 7 days, but only with competent first aid. Still, there are cases when poisoning can be dangerous. You should not self-medicate in such cases:

• if, in addition to vomiting and nausea, there is a severe headache, pain from the kidneys or liver;
• if any symptom of general intoxication is present: fever, increased sweating, choking;
• if a small child is poisoned;
• if there are suspicions of mushroom poisoning;
• if vomiting and diarrhea are present for 2 or more days.

In such cases, only a specialist can help by performing an emergency gastric lavage in stationary conditions using a probe that is inserted into the oral cavity and further into the stomach cavity. If there is no vomiting or severe poisoning is diagnosed, a siphon enema is performed. Also, in stationary conditions, a specialist excludes other causes of poisoning, for example, gas or chemicals.

What medications can be taken to improve the condition

After providing first aid, food poisoning is treated with drugs such as sorbents, agents that help restore water and electrolyte balance, enzymes, probiotics and prebiotics.

Sorbents

Such drugs contribute to the absorption and removal of toxic substances and toxins from the body, which caused poisoning by their presence. These include activated carbon, which is probably available in every home. With the help of it, there is a rapid elimination of toxic substances (with food poisoning and poisoning with alcoholic beverages). The maximum single dosage is considered to be 8 g. Exceeding it, you can irritate the gastrointestinal mucosa.

Another agent with an adsorbing effect is Enterosgel. With the help of such a drug, intoxication can be quickly cured. In this case, the destructive effect on the mucous membranes of the gastrointestinal tract is not observed. The maximum dosage for an adult is 45 g.

In the treatment of food allergies, Smecta is actively used, the active components of which cope well not only with gases and toxins, but even with bacteria and viruses. The drug has proven itself in the treatment of pathological conditions such as diarrhea and flatulence. The maximum daily dosage is 10 g.

The drug Atoxil, which contains silicon dioxide, also belongs to sorbents and helps to quickly remove toxic substances that can form in the intestines. The maximum daily dosage for adults is 12 g.

If the baby is poisoned, you can use special sorbents approved for admission to children. Among them are Smecta (allowed for admission to children from 1 year of age), Filtrum City (approved for admission even to newborns), Enterosgel (approved for admission from 1 year of age), Silix (approved for admission to children from 1 year of age), activated carbon (allowed children from 1 year of age).

Enterosgel is an effective drug for food poisoning

Preparations that restore water-electrolyte balance

In other words, water-salt solutions that help replenish the body's fluid supply, which is actively lost during vomiting and diarrhea. In any case, in case of poisoning, it is important to drink as much as possible. Toxic substances after entering the stomach cavity begin to accumulate there and cause vomiting. It is at this time that the human body loses up to one and a half liters of fluid, which needs to be replenished.

If the normal volume of fluid is not replenished in time, toxins can penetrate into the bloodstream, then into the liver and kidneys, as well as into other organs, causing disruption of their functioning. In the absence of water in the body, he will not be able to fight at full strength with such harmful substances.

A water-salt solution will come to the rescue.

If there is no time and opportunity to visit the pharmacy, and the poisoning has overtaken suddenly, you can prepare such a solution yourself using ordinary water, sugar and salt (1 tablespoon salt and the same amount of sugar per 3 liters of water). Of the finished preparations, it is worth highlighting Rehydron, among the active components of which there are sodium chloride, dextrose, potassium chloride, sodium citrate. Intravenous drugs such as Ringer's, Aminol, etc. are used.

Enzymes

Such drugs are necessary to restore the gastrointestinal tract. It is especially important to take them after poisoning due to the consumption of low-quality food or alcohol, that is, when the production of your own digestive juices is not at full strength. All enzymes can be divided into several groups depending on the active substances contained in the composition.

You can restore the normal activity of the gastrointestinal tract with the help of the drug Mezim

The first group includes enzymes that contain pancreatin. These include Pancreatin, Mezim, Creon, Penzital. The main indications for the use of such funds: the development of dysbiosis, intestinal dysfunction, which often occurs in case of poisoning.

The second group includes drugs that contain pancreatin, bile components, hemicellulose. These include Festal, Menzim, Digestal, Kadistal. The bile acids included in the drug cause an increase in the secretion of the pancreas, the motor activity of the bile and intestines.

The third group includes products of plant origin, which include only natural ingredients (not synthetic). These include the drugs Solizim Forte and Somilaza.

The fourth group includes funds that contain both pancreatin and herbal components. These can be drugs Merkenzym, Wobenzym, Flogenzym.

Probiotics and prebiotics

Probiotics are medicines that contain one or more live bacteria. Having penetrated into the intestinal environment, they are fixed on the mucous membrane, thereby increasing the volume of their own beneficial bacteria. Favorable conditions create an environment for their normal engraftment in the intestines, as well as intensive reproduction. Probiotics include drugs such as Lactobacterin, Bifidumbacterin, Linex, Bifikol.

Duphalac will help normalize bowel activity

Prebiotics are preparations that do not contain live bacteria, but have specific chemical compounds that help suppress pathogenic microflora and create a favorable environment for the reproduction of the intestinal bacteria's own. Prebiotics include Lactofiltrum, Duphalac, Inulin, Portalak, which can be used to treat poisoning even during pregnancy and lactation.

Folk remedies

How to treat poisoning at home? Folk remedies will come to the rescue. One of these is honey, which is used in the preparation of a decoction with the addition of dill. The last ingredient can be taken fresh or dried. Prepare the broth as follows: 1 tbsp. l. dill pour 200 ml of water, put on fire and boil for half an hour. After removing from heat, put 1 tbsp into the broth. l. honey, stir and consume 100 ml at a time before meals.

You can treat alcohol and food poisoning with marshmallow (root). Prepare an infusion on its basis as follows: 1 tsp. dried roots and pre-chopped, pour 100 ml of boiling water and leave to infuse for half an hour. Strain the finished product and use inside 1 tbsp. l. at a time four times a day.

Treatment of food poisoning is carried out with ginger tea: 1 tsp. Pour 200 ml of chapped ginger with hot water and leave to infuse for half an hour. The finished product should be taken orally in 1 tbsp. l. at a time every 30 minutes. Ready-made infusions that can be purchased at the pharmacy are no less effective: astragalus, eleutherococcus, sea microalgae.

In addition to drinking ordinary water, you can fill the missing volume of fluid in the body with black and green tea, water, adding lemon juice, rosehip or mountain ash infusion.

If mild food poisoning, including alcohol, can be cured at home, then in severe cases it is better to consult a specialist. Often, neglect of going to the doctor becomes the cause of death caused by general intoxication of the body.

What to drink in case of poisoning is one of the most common questions that arise when the first symptoms of intoxication appear. What to drink in case of intoxication depends on what caused you to feel unwell. Food poisoning is the most common type of poisoning and one of the most dangerous. The consumption of poor quality food or expired products can lead to the development of intestinal infections. Acute food poisoning requires prompt treatment before toxins enter the bloodstream. At the first symptoms of intoxication, the spread of toxins can be stopped. Correctly selected anti-poisoning drugs will help to quickly eliminate unpleasant symptoms and. For the treatment of poisoning at home, it is necessary to adhere to general recommendations and eliminate the source of intoxication, therefore, the treatment regimen for food poisoning differs from the treatment of intestinal infections.

Poisoning treatment rules

Mild food poisoning is a common type of intoxication that does not require special therapy. Even in the absence of treatment, the pathological condition goes away on its own in 2-3 days. Every person should know what to do in case of poisoning, because it is almost impossible to insure yourself against this. To eliminate the cause of the poisoning, it is important to adhere to the general recommendations:

• remove the source of intoxication from the body;
• prevent the appearance of dehydration;
• restore intestinal biocenosis;
• normalize the activity of the digestive tract.

The longer the toxins are in the body, the more dangerous are the consequences of intoxication, so the first step is to cleanse the intestines, and also buy the drug "Smecta". The treatment regimen in the future depends on the degree of poisoning, therefore it is selected individually, but Smecta is very harmless for children. If you do not take any measures immediately after poisoning, then you will need a long recovery in a hospital environment, and Smecta has practically no contraindications.

"Smecta" will help with poisoning

What to do in case of poisoning?

As a rule, the first symptoms of food poisoning appear half an hour - an hour after consuming low-quality food, Smecta can help here. To make further treatment more effective, it is important to provide first aid correctly.

1. Empty the stomach.

   With food poisoning, the body immediately desires to be cleansed. But natural cleansing is not enough to get rid of toxins. It is also important to flush the stomach.

   Immediately after the first urge to vomit, you need to drink 1.5 - 2 liters of water. You can rinse several times. Better that it was warm, slightly salted water with the addition of potassium permanganate. When all the food masses have left the stomach, it is necessary to do the lavage until the outlet is clean water without food impurities.

2. Replenish fluid loss.

   Diarrhea and vomiting are the body's natural response to toxins. Together with them, fluid is excreted from the body, and the process of dehydration begins. To avoid it, you need to drink 1 glass of water after each emptying or bowel movement. You just need to drink it in small sips, otherwise the water can provoke a gag reflex.

3. Let the body cleanse.

   You don't need to drink any antidiarrheal medication to stop diarrhea. On the contrary, let the body cleanse as many times as needed. If you take medicines for diarrhea, then the toxins stay in the body and will continue to poison it from the inside, and this will only aggravate the course of poisoning.

4. Eat a diet.

   You do not need to eat food immediately after nausea, because the body is not able to fully digest it. It is better not to eat at all or drink vegetable broths in the first 2 days after the intoxication of the body, gradually returning your previous diet.



In case of poisoning, you should switch to diet food

How to treat food poisoning at home?

Many people know that in case of food poisoning, it is necessary to immediately take activated charcoal, as it binds toxins and removes them from the body. But sometimes in acute poisoning, a different approach to the treatment of intoxication at home is needed. The modern pharmaceutical industry offers many medicines that will help you quickly cope with poisoning at home.

1. Rehydration treatment (rehydrants).

   Rehydrants are usually drunk to restore electrolyte and fluid deficiencies in the body. Preparations of this group must be done in a solution of water. They can be taken orally or parenterally. The most popular drugs in this group:

   • Oralite;
   • Acesol;
   • Litrozole;
   • Lactosol.
2. Reception of sorbents (enterosorbents).

   Sorbents are mandatory medications that must be taken as they adsorb toxins, bind them and remove them from the body. Reception of sorbents provides faster cleansing of the body and elimination of symptoms of intoxication. The most popular drugs in this group include:

   • Smecta;
   • Enterosgel;
   • Polysorb;
3. Taking painkillers (antispasmodics).

   Reception of antispasmodics is aimed at eliminating pain syndrome and intestinal spasms with prolonged diarrhea. To eliminate pain, you can take:

   • Noshpu;
   • Drotaverin;
   • Spazmolgon.
4. Taking antibacterial and antimicrobial drugs (antibiotics and antimicrobial agents).

   Treatment with antibacterial and antimicrobial drugs is necessary for intestinal infections and mixed poisoning. This group of drugs is also aimed at eliminating the symptoms of dysbiosis and normalizing the intestinal microflora. From this group of medicines you can take:

   • Intetrix;
   • Ersefuril;
   • Phthalazol.
5. Antiemetic and antidiarrheal therapy.

   Despite the fact that vomiting and diarrhea are the body's defensive reactions to intoxication, they should not last more than 2 days. Otherwise, the body becomes dehydrated and the intestinal motility is disturbed. You can eliminate these symptoms with medications:

   • Smecta;
   • Lopyramid;
   • Motilium.
6. Antipyretic therapy.

   Often, with food poisoning, the temperature rises. This is due to the overproduction of red blood cells that fight toxins. You can bring down the temperature:

   • Ibuprofen;
   • Paracetamol;
   • Ibuklin.
7. Therapy restoring microflora.

   The final stage in the treatment of poisoning is the intake of drugs, the action of which is aimed at restoring the intestinal microflora, for example, Smecta restores the gastrointestinal tract. Toxins negatively affect the intestinal mucosa, and the so-called "irritable bowel syndrome" develops, which is accompanied by profuse diarrhea and pain in the epigastric region. To eliminate unpleasant symptoms, you can take a course of drugs:

   • Smecta;
   • Linex;
   • Bactisubtil.



To cleanse the body in case of poisoning, you must take activated charcoal

Alternative treatments for poisoning

While medications are effective, they do not always need to be taken. You can eliminate the symptoms of intoxication with folk remedies at home, although the usual Smecta helps many. Smecta is inexpensive and is sold in every pharmacy.

It is necessary to start treatment at home only after cleansing the intestines, otherwise the effectiveness of folk remedies will be low.

You can cure poisoning yourself:

1. Tincture of cinnamon. Pour 150 grams of cinnamon with 2 liters of boiling water and drink in 1 hour.
2. Infusion of marshmallow. Brew marshmallow leaves or flowers as tea and drink at least 3 times a day.
3. Dill infusion with honey. Pour dill seeds with 1.5 liters of boiling water and leave for 2 hours in a thermos. Add a spoonful of honey and drink 1 glass every 2 hours.
4. Lemon juice. Squeeze the juice of half a lemon into a glass, dilute with warm water and drink in one gulp.
5. Sauerkraut juice. Squeeze the juice from the cabbage and dilute it with water in a 1: 1 ratio. Drink 2 glasses for 2 days.

For a complete recovery, it is necessary to observe an abundant drinking regime and dietary food for at least 3 days in case of poisoning. If the symptoms of intoxication do not disappear for the next 5 days and no improvement is observed, you should immediately consult a doctor.

Food poisoning is a condition that requires prompt medical treatment. The sooner assistance is provided to the victim, the more chances there are to avoid the absorption of toxic substances into the bloodstream and, as a result, their negative effect on the body.

Treatment for food poisoning can be done at home, but only in its early stages when the first symptoms appeared. If the condition is rapidly deteriorating, and therapeutic measures do not bring a positive result, the patient must be urgently taken to the nearest hospital or an emergency team must be called.

Food poisoning is the result of eating food that has been contaminated in some way by pathogenic microorganisms. So, for example, when eating stale, spoiled or dirty products, they most often become the cause of the development of pathology. In addition, poisoning can cause non-compliance with sanitary and / or hygienic standards.

Symptoms of food poisoning may appear already in 25-35 minutes after their entry into the body, but it happens that it takes about a day before the onset of symptoms. As a rule, without treatment, the symptoms of poisoning progress rapidly, and the patient's condition worsens significantly. Typical for food poisoning are:

• excruciating feeling of nausea;
• profuse, frequent vomiting, which contains particles of food eaten, gastric juice;
• increased salivation;
• diarrhea, characterized by a watery consistency, stench, undigested food particles;
• increased subfebrile temperature;
• chills, fever;
• feeling of weakness, dizziness;
• functional disorders of the central nervous system.

Symptoms of food poisoning can persist for up to 3 days, with a gradual abatement.

After the patient has eaten a poor-quality product, he may be tormented by painful sensations in the abdomen, severe gas formation, and weakness for another 7-10 days.

First aid

Mild food poisoning can last from several hours to 2-3 days, but it happens that pathogenic microflora that has entered the body along with poor-quality food leads to the development of more complex forms of pathology. Whatever form of poisoning a person has, his treatment at home should be structured as follows:

• elimination of food from the body, which caused the recovery and elimination of toxins, gastric lavage;
• prevention of dehydration;
• restoration of normal intestinal microflora;
• adherence to diets to restore the digestive system.

What to do if children are poisoned?

When food poisoning occurs in a child, it is very important to take therapeutic measures as soon as possible. The main thing to do is to induce vomiting in the baby by pressing with the index finger on the root of his tongue. Next, the child must be abundantly drunk with warm saline, which is prepared by diluting 2-3 teaspoons of table salt in 200 ml of warm water (boiled!). Alternate the procedure for causing vomiting and soldering with salt water until the baby's vomit does not consist only of clear water.

The volume of fluid that is used for gastric lavage should not exceed 3 liters!

After the gastric lavage has been performed, enterosorbents must be introduced into the body. In the case of small patients, it must be borne in mind that not all drugs have an effective effect on food poisoning. For example, traditional activated carbon is considered ineffective for children. In addition, this medicine can harm the delicate mucous membrane of the stomach of the crumbs. Also, coal has the property of dyeing feces black, which can become a significant obstacle in further diagnostics.

In pediatrics, sorbents containing silicon, such as Enterosgel, are most often used.

If food poisoning occurs in a child who is not older than 3 years, urgent hospitalization is necessary, regardless of how severe the symptoms are. The bodies of such young children are prone to more rapid development of dehydration, which poses a huge threat to life. In addition, at home it is very difficult to get a baby to drink a lot of water in order to avoid dehydration. In a hospital setting, similar procedures are carried out by intravenous administration of special solutions.

When to see a doctor?

Most often, food poisoning can be dealt with without medical intervention. but hospitalization is mandatory in the following cases:

• poisoning in a child under 3 years of age;
• poisoning in a woman expecting the birth of a baby;
• poisoning in the elderly;
• very frequent diarrhea (more than 10 times);
• diarrhea with blood;
• an increase in temperature, which does not decrease within 48 hours after eating poor-quality food;
• vomiting that cannot be stopped even with medication;
• growing feeling of weakness, drowsiness;
• food poisoning symptoms persist for more than 3 days.

First aid for poisoning at home

If the patient is conscious, he you need to give a lot of clean water to drink, then press on the root of the tongue (only for victims over 6 years old!), causing vomiting. The alternation of actions is carried out until the appearance of clean wash water.

After the patient has had his stomach washed, it is very important to give him some kind of sorbent. As a rule, in case of emergency, there is activated charcoal at hand, which must be given at the rate of 1 tablet per 10 kg of the patient's weight. White clay is often used, which must first be diluted in water.

If a person's condition begins to deteriorate, it is necessary to urgently call an ambulance.

Home treatment

• Step 1. Gastric lavage

The very first thing to do in case of food poisoning is to rinse the stomach. This process helps to remove from the body the remains of low-quality foods, toxins and their waste products.

For rinsing, the best remedy is a solution of potassium permanganate. The solution should be very weak, you can navigate by the color of the liquid - it should be slightly pink. It is necessary to prepare at least 2 liters of solution and try to drink it, thereby causing vomiting.

If potassium permanganate was not at hand, you can use water, with salt diluted in it.

It is important to remember that vomiting that accompanies food poisoning is not enough to cleanse the body as much as possible, so artificial stimulation of vomiting is an essential part of the treatment of poisoning at home.

If there is no nausea and vomiting during poisoning, then such a phenomenon may indicate that the poisoned product has left the stomach and is now in the intestines. For the quickest elimination of toxins from the body, in this case, it is necessary to induce diarrhea. To do this, you can do both a cleansing enema and use any laxatives.

• Step 2. Take sorbent

Sorbents are medicines that help remove toxic microparticles from the body. The most popular among this group of drugs is activated carbon. Charcoal helps prevent the absorption of toxins, metal salts, alkaloids, etc. in the gastrointestinal tract, and also promotes their natural excretion from the body.

In case of food poisoning, activated charcoal is taken 1 tablet per 10 kg of body weight. In other words, if the victim's weight is 6 kg, then he needs to take at least 6 tablets of the drug. Experts advise taking coal in the form of an aqueous suspension. It is very simple to do it - you need to crush the required number of tablets and dilute them in 100 ml of boiled water.

• Step 3. Drink as much water as possible

Vomiting and diarrhea, which are common symptoms of food poisoning, can lead to dehydration. In order to avoid the possible negative consequences of rehydration, it is necessary to replenish fluid reserves. Experts recommend consuming at least 2.5 liters per day. It is best to salt the water a little or take solutions of special medicines, such as Regidron, Oralit, etc.

• Step 5. Start the restoration of intestinal microflora.

After the vomiting has completely stopped, it is very important to start taking medications that restore the intestinal microflora.

• Step 6. Follow the diet and diet.

On the first day after poisoning, when the symptoms are pronounced, the patient is advised to stay in bed and refuse to eat any food other than water.

The next day, you can eat a little jelly, rusks from wheat bread without any additives. Liquid mashed potatoes or oatmeal, which were prepared in water, are also allowed.

Medicines

Antidiarrheal drug based on herbal ingredients. It is produced in the form of syrup and capsules, has anti-inflammatory, adsorbent, antimicrobial effect, and is also a moderate antispasmodic.

Contraindications:

• failure of kidney / liver function;
• inflammatory diseases of the digestive tract;
• intestinal obstruction;
• diarrhea caused by infections;
• During pregnancy and breastfeeding;
• children under 12 years of age;
• severe dehydration.

The price of the drug is 120-190 rubles.

An antidiarrheal drug that has antiprotozoal, antimicrobial, antifungal effects.

Contraindications:

• hypersensitivity to components;
• failure of kidney function;
• children under 6 years of age.

The price of the drug varies between 420-460 rubles.

Enterosorbent, prescribed for various intoxications, intestinal infections, hyperbilirubinemia, hyperazotemia. It is produced in the form of a powder intended for the preparation of a suspension.

Contraindications:

• ulcer of the stomach and / or 12-duodenal ulcer;
• intestinal atony;
• bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract;
• intolerance to the constituents of the drug.

The price of enterosorbent is 115-130 rubles.

Enterosorbent produced in the form of a paste.

Contraindications:

• drug intolerance;
• intestinal atony.

The price of the drug is 320-400 rubles.

A drug that regulates the balance of intestinal microflora.

Contraindications:

• intolerance to the components of the drug;
• intolerance to dairy products.

The price is 240-260 rubles.

A drug used to rehydrate the body. It is also used to eliminate toxins.

Contraindications:

• functional disorders of the kidneys;
• diabetes;
• unconsciousness;
• intestinal obstruction;
• hypersensitivity to the components of the drug.

The price varies between 32-40 rubles for 1 sachet package.

Traditional treatment

Infusion of cinnamon

Pour 15 g of ground cinnamon into 1 liter of boiling water, stir and let it brew for 15-20 minutes. Strain, take orally during the day in small sips. The infusion fights attacks of nausea.

Ginger tea

1 tsp ginger root, chopped on a grater, pour 250 ml of hot (not boiling water) water and leave for 5 minutes. Add sugar or honey to taste, drink after meals at lunchtime, in the evening, at night. It helps fight nausea.

Dill decoction + honey

Dill seeds in the amount of 1 tsp. pour 350 ml of boiling water and leave for 5 minutes. Pour the infusion into a deep bowl, put on fire and boil for 2-30 minutes. Strain, dilute 1 tsp. honey. Take 1 liter of this product in small sips for 24 hours.

The acid in lemon contributes to the death of bacteria that led to the poisoning. Mix freshly squeezed juice of 1/2 lemon with 1 tsp. honey and use inside. Take every 8-12 hours. You can also dilute lemon juice with a little water.

Important: this recipe is contraindicated in patients with any and with increased acidity of the stomach.

Yarrow + wormwood

1 teaspoon of dry mixture of yarrow and wormwood (1: 1), pour 500 liters of boiling water and leave for 15-25 minutes. Strain the infusion, squeeze and take orally within 24 hours, 100 ml at a time.

Cumin seeds very effectively cope with the inflammatory process in the stomach, which develops after the symptoms of food poisoning appear. For treatment, you need 1 tbsp. l. crush seeds and swallow with 250 ml of warm water.

Althea

Grind the roots of the plant and 1 tsp. pour the resulting gruel with 100 ml of boiling water. Insist 25-30 minutes, strain, add honey and take 1 tbsp. l. 3-4 times a day.

20 Art. l. dry leaves and flowers of marshmallow pour 400 ml of boiling water, insist for 4 hours. Take orally 3 times a day, 100-120 ml.

More folk recipes in the video below

What can not be done in case of poisoning?

• induce vomiting in a person who is unconscious;
• induce vomiting in a woman expecting a baby;
• induce vomiting in someone with heart disease;
• treat the patient with carbonated water.

Diet after food poisoning

During the first few days after poisoning, it is not recommended to eat fatty and fried foods. It is important for the period of treatment and recovery to refuse

• milk;
• flour and flour products;
• alcohol.

For the period of treatment, steamed or boiled meat products are allowed. The use of rice, potatoes is also allowed.

From liquids, it is allowed to use rosehip broth, green tea varieties, chamomile infusion.

Prophylaxis

• Compliance with temperature standards when storing food.
• Eating only familiar plants and mushrooms.
• Pre-heat treatment of homemade dairy products.
• Boil tap water for drinking.
• Compliance with sanitary and hygienic standards when preparing food.
• Eating only fresh food.
• Eating ready-made products that have been stored for no longer than 3 days (even in the refrigerator).

Food poisoning is a condition that is fraught with a threat not only to health, but also to human life. You can treat it at home, but you should listen to your body and, in case of deterioration in health, seek the advice of an experienced doctor.