How to install a central lock on a car. How to put the central lock. Installation subtleties: general provisions

Since the statistics on vehicle theft in our country is rather sad, and there is no way to improve yet, every car owner strives to provide his car with a protection system. In this role, complexes different in principle of operation can be used, and one of the simple but reliable systems that are invariably present in today's cars is the central lock. It guarantees closed doors, trunk, hood, windows and fuel hatch at the same time.

Installation of the central lock is possible with your own hands, and it represents an electromechanical system for controlling and locking doors of a central nature. It can be activated either by simply turning the key, blocking the doors while driving, or by means of the remote control. The latter can be a separate unit or be integrated into the key. If the car has power windows, the central locking can close them automatically.

Is it possible to connect the central lock yourself

Connecting the central lock will require a lot of effort, patience and time from a non-professional, but the result will be excellent. Before connecting the central lock, it must be purchased. At this stage, saving is extremely inappropriate, since low-quality, suspiciously cheap products are unlikely to meet any security requirements, and there is no guarantee that the lock will not jam during operation. It is also not recommended to purchase such a device with your hands.

The standard lock kit, which should be checked upon purchase, includes the following items:

• control unit for the entire system;
• four activators, each of which is equipped with a set of fasteners;
• set of wires;
• two remote control key fobs, which can be in the form of folding keys.

Attention! All new wiring that will need to be created when installing the central lock with your own hands must be placed in separate corrugated tubes - this will protect them from accidental damage.

For this entire security system, the central locking control unit is its main element - the “think tank”. According to its execution, it can be both simple and extremely complex, working on the basis of modern microprocessors. The block may consist of one body, in which all its elements are combined, but in recent times more and more often you can find a multi-case design. This became possible thanks to the creation of CAN buses, and made it possible to place blocks in opposite parts. vehicle which improves the reliability and security of the system.

The central locking unit is connected by wires to all sensors and actuators available in the system. Receiving and analyzing signals from sensors or a control panel, it transmits control signals to electric drives that lock/unlock doors or windows. If the car owner wishes, the lock control unit can also work with the turn signals of the car, giving light signals about closing / opening the doors. Since this element plays a major role, only the owner of the vehicle can know where the central locking control unit is installed - this will prevent it from being turned off or damaged by intruders.

Sensors and buttons of the central locking

The central lock connection scheme necessarily includes a lot of sensors, which ensure the correct operation of the entire system.

Actuators

Actuators, or actuators, can be used not only in electromechanical locks, but also in central locks with pneumatic control. In the latter case, they will work on compressed air.

electric drive

It is a plastic housing in which an electric motor and a gearbox are located, which converts the rotation of the motor into translational motion. Depending on the design, the electric drive may include one or two motors.

Pneumatic drive

It has a more complex design. It consists of a housing in which a membrane with a rod is placed. The housing itself has a built-in fitting for supplying compressed air. When air is supplied to the sealed housing of such a switch, it moves to the “closed” position, when suction is applied, the stem is drawn back and the lock opens. In more advanced pneumatic locks, solenoids are additionally installed - such a drive cannot be opened, for example, with a ruler.

How to connect the central lock with your own hands

It is better to start connecting the central lock with the installation of actuators. It is optimal if they are located on all four doors of the car. To install them, you will need to dismantle the door trim and thresholds. Even if the car left the factory without a central lock, as a rule, holes for the wires of this system are already provided for by the design. If they are not, you will have to drill them yourself. It is better to start work from the driver's door, where the main central lock will be located. One of the possible connection schemes is shown in the video:

Each lock is fastened with self-tapping screws, and its latches must be fixed to the rods of the manual block of the native lock. After that, you need to check the performance manually, making adjustments if necessary. After the adjustment is made on each door, you can proceed to the placement of the wires. From each actuator there are two pairs - two for ground, and two for the lock itself. All wiring, placed in corrugated insulation, is attached to the door trim with plastic clamps.

After completing this stage of work, all the output wires are switched to the central control unit, the location of which is thought out in advance. It is unreasonable to give any advice on block placement, since there is no single standard here, and each car owner decides this difficult issue for himself. After connecting and checking the operability of the entire system, you can screw the casing into place.

After self-installation of the central lock, it is required to carry out routine inspections of the entire system once every six months. All locks, central unit, wiring and its connections are subject to inspection. All areas with traces of oxidation are cleaned and re-isolated. To facilitate the work, the wiring can be called with a tester, but this will not allow you to check the status of the contacts.

Therefore, it is better to take the time to dismantle the skin and visually check it. Since after the installation of the system it becomes part of the on-board electrical network, maintaining it in a fully functional condition is also an important point in the performance of the central lock. Special attention should be given to additional electrical equipment connected to the general network, as well as the condition of the battery and generator.

Connecting an alarm that will ensure the safety of your car to the central lock of the vehicle is a rather complicated procedure that is best left to an experienced master in a car service. But, if you have the desire and time to deal with difficult technology, then you can easily perform this procedure yourself.

The main difficulties associated with connecting the alarm to the central lock

Today, there is a huge variety of car alarms that can satisfy even the highest needs for vehicle security. Also, you can always choose a security system for your car based on your financial capabilities.

Car alarm installation points are selected based on a number of factors, which you can read below:

1. Does the security system have a remote control.
2. Model of the car on which the security system of vehicles is installed.
3. Where will the main security unit be located.

The easiest way to understand which points should be connected to a car alarm with an automatic start system is according to the device passport, as well as using a voltmeter and a lamp probe. Also, in this manipulation you will have to use the diagram of electrical devices and components of your vehicle. Taken together, everything described above will help you determine exactly which points you should connect the security system you purchased to your vehicle.

The final step in preparing for self-installation of a vehicle security system is to determine the type of central locking design that is used on your car model.

There are three types in total:

Controlled central locking, working on the basis of a positive impulse;
- the managed central locking working on the basis of a negative impulse;
- controlled central locking based on alternating polarity.

Video. Alarm connection points

Recall that on our website there is already a manual with your own hands.

How to connect an alarm to central locks based on "plus" and "minus" pulses?

Let's start with central locks based on "minus" impulses. First of all, use a lamp probe to calculate wires with a negative charge.

It is done like this:

We alternately close the wires that come out of the driver's door;
- watch the lock, as soon as it closes or opens - the right pair of wires is found.

If the desired pair was not found by sorting through the wires, you will have to delve into the main block of the central lock. You must open it, find the relay responsible for the door closing and opening system, solder the wires of the vehicle security system into it.

If your car uses a central lock that works on the basis of a positive impulse, then you should carry out the operations similar to yours, but with the adjustment that the wires must have a positive charge.

If we talk about the scheme for connecting the security system to the relay of the central locking control unit based on polar impulses, then it looks like this:

If a negative pulse is used, then the wires with a negative electric charge should have normally open contacts, and the wires of the control system should have common contacts;
- if a positive pulse is used, then open contacts are connected to the wires with a positive electric charge, and the common ones are connected to the wires coming from the control unit.

Video. Installation and connection of car alarms

Note that in the previous article we considered with our own hands. LPG equipment will give you the opportunity to save significant money.

Connecting an alarm to the central lock - instructions

If the central locking system of your car works on the basis of a change in "plus" and "minus" pulses, then the alarm should be connected directly to the power wires. First, use a lamp probe to find a wire with a negative electric charge, and then find a wire with a positive electric charge.

We connect the general purpose terminals to the wires that extend from the door located on the driver's side;
- Normally-closed contacts must be connected to wires that come either from the central locking unit or from the central locking control button;
- Normally open wires must be connected to a wire with a positive charge.

The connection of the alarm to the central lock has been successfully completed.

Varieties of control methods

The advantages and benefits of remote locking systems are now known even to an inexperienced car owner.

Although there are still many cars that are not equipped with such systems, their popularity has affected even the most conservative driver. You should see and try once - there will be no more questions.

For the most persistent of drivers deciding whether or not to install this system and wanting maximum convenience at minimum cost, it can be recommended to install power locks only in the front (most frequently used) doors. The facilities are almost the same, but the level of security is lower due to the fact that the owner can still sometimes forget to lock the rear doors manually.

The combination of vehicle safety and user convenience will be most complete when the remote locking system is "docked" with a car alarm. This will provide the following benefits:

• the level of car security is increased, since simultaneously with the remote activation of the security mode, all doors are automatically locked;
• the reliability of car protection increases, since after the driver leaves the car, it is possible to turn on the automatic locking of the doors (passive activation with door lock);
• increases the personal safety of the driver and passengers when locking the doors at the moment the ignition is turned on.

The information material below not only introduces an almost complete set of connection schemes, but, most importantly, in our opinion, helps to solve three main problems that arise when implementing any remote locking system:

• determine what type of central lock is installed on the car;
• "dock" the central lock with the car alarm;
• connect the door lock control buttons.

GENERAL INFORMATION

The main elements of remote locking systems are door lock drives (actuators) and controllers - special control devices.

Of the door lock drives, the most widely used are electric drives, which we will consider in more detail.

Special control devices, often called central locking controllers, usually installed by the car manufacturer, provide simultaneous unlocking and locking of all car doors (possibly only the driver's door at first) using the central button or a regular car key. (We will also include some elements built into the car alarm and used for remote control of locks to the central lock controller).

Particular attention during installation should be paid to the method of connecting the buttons (either newly installed or already installed in the car). The above diagrams of two types of buttons can help to solve this problem. When one side of the double button is pressed, only one moving contact switches to the position indicated by the dotted line.

The second moving contact remains in its original position and will be switched to the dotted position when the second side of the button is pressed.

When one side of the single button is pressed, the moving contact switches to the dotted position and, when released, returns to its original position.

Electric door locks (actuators)

Electric drives (electric motors) of door locks are produced in several design options, differing from each other in the value of traction force (from 2.5 to 6 kg).

All of them use electric motors built into the plastic case. direct current and plastic (or metal) gearboxes that convert rotational motion into translational. The change in the direction of the translational movement of the output rod of the motor is carried out by reversing the polarity of the supply voltage, which achieves the unlocking or locking of the door lock. The most common are electric motors of the T-shaped ("pistol") and square types.

The electric motors of the locks are controlled by a pulsed voltage with a duration of 1 s. Electric motors differ in the presence or absence of a contact microswitch mechanically connected to the retractable stem. The three wires of this microswitch lead outside and together with the two power wires of the motor itself form the so-called five-wire "master motor", usually installed in the front doors. The microswitch built into them, together with the control unit, ensures that the rear door electric drives are activated when the front door lock is manually unlocked / locked using a conventional car door key or door button.

A variation of the lock is the “master lock”, which has a locking mechanism that prevents the lock from being unlocked using the door button (lever). Unlocking such a lock is carried out only electrically.

A complete door motor kit includes 2 5-wire master motors, 2 or more 2-wire conventional motors (no switch) and a master controller (module).

A variety of electric locks has appeared, which has an electromechanical fixation of the output rod in the locked state, which prevents the hijacker from opening the door using any mechanical device. Regular opening of such a lock is carried out by two successive impulses (the so-called "two-stage unlocking"). This type of unlocking is provided in the central lock controllers built into the car alarm systems for both Top Line (Cel, Ireland) and Internet (Internet Auto Security, USA) systems.

Typical characteristics

Pulling force, kg - 2.5-3.5;
Output rod stroke, mm - 19;
Force at manual unlocking/locking, kg - 0.25-0.14;
Consumption current, A - 2-3;
The duration of the control pulse, s - 0.7-1.5;
Dimensions, mm - 134x60x30.

Central lock controllers

Purpose and types of controllers

Central locking controllers provide:

• automatic locking of door locks when arming the car alarm;
• automatic unlocking of door locks when the vehicle is disarmed.

Additional functions of the central lock controller can perform:

• locking / unlocking the rear door lock when locking / unlocking the front door with a car key or door lever (button);
• locking / unlocking the door locks when the ignition is turned on / off.

The controllers interface with the electric locks directly or through microswitches of the door electric drives. Car manufacturers produce a number of cars with central locks (controllers) installed on them. The most versatile controllers provide different locking and unlocking times. The main task for obtaining automatic control of door locks when installing a car alarm is to select the proper car alarm, as well as The right way its connection to the central lock of the car (if it is already installed).

Three types of car alarms with built-in central locking functions should be distinguished according to the capabilities they provide for controlling door locks.

First view. Car alarm with built-in full-featured central locking controller.

Such a built-in controller has two powerful relays (each with changeover contacts) with a permissible current load of 10-20 A. To ensure automatic unlocking / locking of the rear door lock when opening (locking) the front door with a car key or lever (button), two negative clock inputs for connection to the "master drive", (fig. 1). The total number of lock wires is 8. Full-featured controller has car alarms SIRIO 777, CLIPPER 80/4, 80/6, MICROCAR ALARM 052. 1, SERPI STAR GR-44, SERPI STAR GR-440 and others.

Second kind. Car alarms with built-in central locking have the same functions as the first type, but they do not have synchronizing inputs. The total number of lock wires is 6. PYTHON System 80, Puranha PRM 18, Clifford XL100, Flash Point 600, Enforcer 600, Mongoose, Mega 3000, Ungo car alarms have this type of central lock.

Third kind. The car alarm controller of this type provides an electronic circuit with low-power outputs with a permissible current load of 200-300 mA, sufficient to connect to them, if necessary, standard relays or car central locking inputs. The number of outputs is 2. The outputs, in most cases, have a negative polarity of the signals, but there are also bipolar ones. Low-power locking controller outputs are provided in car alarms VIPER Code Plus, Enforcer 100A5, 200A5, 300V, FORCE 7002 and others.

Standalone lock controllers

Standalone lock controllers include devices that are interfaced with car alarms and perform the functions of a central lock. Such controllers have two main versions:

1. with one control input;
2. with two control inputs.

Controller with one control input

Converts the negative output of the car alarm lock into pulse signals from the contacts of two powerful relays, one of which occurs at the moment of arming, and the other at the moment of disarming. These pulses control the lock motors.

The controller often has additional negative clock inputs connected to the "master motor". Such a controller is used with car alarms that do not have standard outputs for the central lock.

The M3 controller, which has both potential and pulse outputs, is manufactured by Spal, and the MC 2050 controller is manufactured by Autotecnica.

Controller with two control inputs

The controller is used to convert two pulsed low-power control signals into pulsed signals of powerful relays. It essentially contains two standard relays with changeover contacts, the windings of which are connected to the control inputs. It is used to increase the power of the central locking outputs for car alarms of the third type discussed above. Controllers of this type are produced by many companies (for example, the M4 controller from Spal).

Typical characteristics

Pulse duration

• - for electric drive control: 0.7 - 7s.;
• - for "vacuum") control: 3.5 - 6s.;
• - for "comfort" type control (closing windows and sunroof) - 30 s.

Current load - 15 A.
Consumption current - 10 mA.

Options for connecting the central lock

There are seven main options for connecting the central lock. These options are formed depending on the polarity of the control signals and the type of switches (buttons) of the central lock. The diagrams of these options, for ease of use with any type of car alarm, have, if necessary, the designations of the contacts of standard car relays. All actuators are usually connected in parallel to each other. The only exceptions are systems that have the ability to initially unlock only the driver's door.

Choice of car alarms and connection schemes

When choosing the door lock control option, it is recommended next sequence:

• Determine the type and polarity of control of the central lock installed on the car;
• Determine the type and polarity of the switch (button) of the central lock;
• Determine if a lock motor is installed in the driver's door;
• Choose the most suitable type of car alarm: with a full-featured central locking controller, with central locking without synchronizing inputs or with low-power outputs for central locking;
• Select the appropriate wiring diagram from the options presented or modify it for your specific application.

We point out two simple options that can be useful.

A. The car does not have central locking. It is recommended to choose a car alarm with a built-in central locking controller that has powerful outputs from relay contacts.

B. The car has a central lock with negative control, but it is required to provide control of it from the car alarm. We recommend choosing a car alarm with low-power negative outputs for the central lock.

TYPE A. Positive control

This type of control is characterized by the positive polarity of the control pulses. On fig. 2 and 4 are diagrams for a car in which the central lock controller is already installed by the manufacturer, and the interface with the car alarm is performed through the relays built into it. On fig. 3 shows an option for pairing with a car alarm that has low-power negative outputs that are connected to additional relays.

This type of control is typical for General Motors Corp., Renault, Chrysler, VW Passat and some Ford models.

If you look at the switch installed in the driver's door that controls the locks, then three wires will depart from it: a lock wire, an unlock wire and a positive wire permanently connected to +12 V.

The unlock and lock wires will be at +12 volts during locking and unlocking. When these wires are connected to a car alarm, a short-term positive potential (pulse) will appear on them.

TYPE B. Negative control

This is the simplest standard type of door lock control. It is used in Fiat, Lanchia, Volvo, Citroen, BMW (up to '89), Toyota, Honda and others. If you look at the switch installed in the driver's door that controls the locks, then three wires will depart from it: a lock wire, an unlock wire and a negative wire permanently connected to ground.

The unlock and lock wires will be at ground potential during locking and unlocking. When these wires are connected to the car alarm, a short-term negative ground pulse will appear on these wires.

The scheme in fig. 5 shows how the system is connected to a vehicle that does not have central locking and locks.

Schemes in fig. 6, 7, 8 are shown for car alarms with low-power control outputs, and fig. 9, 10 - for powerful relay outputs built into car alarms. On fig. 7 shows how to make a child-proof connection.

Notes for Toyota vehicles: many models of this company have a lock control system with additional protection that prevents children from unlocking the rear doors. In this case, the following must be borne in mind: if the door locks are locked by a car alarm command, then they can be unlocked by another command. But if the door locks are locked using the driver's door switch and the security system is on, then they cannot be unlocked by the car alarm command. This is because the security switch blocks the unlock signal.

A large number of different systems have found application in a modern car. Many systems are aimed at improving the comfort of the car. One of them is the central locking system.

Remote central locking control system

This system allows you to open and close all the doors and hatches of the car, using only one lock in the driver's door or by a signal from the remote control. The use of remote control allows you to perform other additional functions.

There are two ways to control the remote central lock:

- centralized;

Decentralized.

The centralized control method provides for the control of all doors and hatches from a single control unit by a signal from the control button on the key fob. It also performs control from the ignition key when it is turned on and off.

The decentralized control method works in a similar way, only, in addition to the central control unit, each door has its own control unit. This method allows you to perform additional functions of the central lock: lock-unlock one door or hatch; window closing control; interior and trunk lighting; opening-closing the trunk; control of rear-view mirrors, their heating and many others.

The central locking system works in conjunction with sound and light alarms, which are automatically triggered when doors or hatches are opened unauthorized. The central locking system with alarm, in addition to comfort, is included in the security system that prevents car theft, and also unlocks the doors when you get into an accident.

There are the following types of central locking control:

- management of positive potential. This type provides for the supply of a short positive pulse to the control unit, which issues a command to lock or unlock the doors. Three-wire circuit: lock wire, unlock wire and a wire permanently connected to +12V;

- negative potential management. One of the simplest standard types central lock control. It provides for the supply of a short negative pulse to the control unit, which issues a command to lock-unlock. The connection scheme is three-wire. Separately - a wire for locking, unlocking and a negative wire, permanently connected to ground;

- polarity reversal control. This circuit has five wires (five-wire): +12V on one wire; two wires with a constant mass; two wires with a mass in the initial state, and a pulsed positive potential during blocking-unblocking;

- single-wire positive control. In this circuit, the change in the positive potential level during blocking-unblocking occurs on one wire, to which two wires from additional relays fit. When blocking, a + 12V pulse is applied, when unlocking, a + 12V pulse is applied through a resistor;

- single-wire negative control. This type of circuit is similar to a positive single-wire circuit, only with a negative potential (car mass). The lock-unlock pulses pass through two different resistors. On some cars, one resistor is used only for the blocking signal;

- vacuum control. A compressor is used to lock and unlock the doors. Depending on the signal supplied to it from the lock drives, it can be pushing or retracting. +12V voltage is applied to the control wire for blocking, -12V (ground) for unlocking;

- special positive control. This type of control provides for locking and unlocking doors and hatches in the absence of an electric drive in the driver's door. For remote control, a five-wire drive is installed.

The principle of operation of the remote central locking.

Remote central locking includes: control unit, input sensors, actuators (actuators). Entrance sensors are: door limit switches, microswitches in locks. are electric motors with a gearbox that converts the rotation of the motor into the reciprocating movement of the lock. They are controlled by a pulse signal of 0.8 - 1.5 seconds. During this time, the doors are locked or unlocked.

The control is carried out using a remote control (radio transmitter) located in the key fob or in the handle of the folding ignition key. The transmitting device (radio transmitter) located in it transmits a signal to the receiving device (antenna) of the control unit. Also, all input signals from limit switches and microswitches are transmitted to the control unit.

The control units analyze all received signals and send them to the central control unit, which generalizes them and issues a command back to the control units, from which a specific signal is sent to the actuators. The actuators are triggered, and the doors and hatches connected to the central lock are locked or unlocked, the door windows that have an electric drive are closed, and other functions are performed.

When blocking, the car alarm activation system is simultaneously activated. When the ignition is turned on, the central lock automatically blocks the doors and hatches, after the ignition is turned off, they are unlocked. When a car gets into an accident, a command from the passive safety system control unit is sent to the central control unit, which provides automatic unlocking of the doors. The driver and passengers have the opportunity to leave the car.

Characteristics of remote central locking.

The general characteristics inherent in the remote central locking are set out in the light of the first two questions. However, there are technical characteristics peculiar to specific locks of specific manufacturers. The owner of a car, having decided to install a central lock, is faced with the problem of choosing from the multitude offered by the distribution network.

In order to choose a lock, you need to decide what functions it should perform. To study the complete set of the lock, the functions performed, technical characteristics, etc. Consider the technical characteristics and a little touch on the configuration. Central locks are sold in ready-made kits and separate components. For example, a four-door central lock is equipped with one control electric drive (has five wires) and three controlled ones (have two drives each).

The case can be made of materials of increased strength, resistant to shock and temperature loads, with low sensitivity when working with high humidity and increased protection against dust ingress. The actuator can be equipped with a low noise rotary or retracting stem. Maximum load - from 4.5 kg to 8.5 kg, constant load from 4-8 kg, operating voltage and current consumption, number of working cycles of the stroke rod. The central lock may have the ability to connect the trunk lock-unlock, connect light and sound alarms, lift door windows, adjust and heat rear-view mirrors, and other functions.

The package may include:one or two remote control fobs (one with a folding key); the distance of the key fob can reach from 10 to 50 m; one control unit; four electric drives (if necessary, locks can be completed to the required number); fastener details; electrical wires; instructions and packaging. The instructions must contain the address, telephone or other communication with the manufacturer, warranty repair workshops, warranty cards indicating the period and conditions of the warranty.

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Central locking is an electromechanical system for centralized locking of car door locks, which allows you to simultaneously close or open all car doors by turning the key in the lock of one door or with a remote control (key fob) that is built into the key or into a separate control key fob. Together with the doors, the system closes and opens the trunk and the fuel tank hatch, if it is equipped with a drive (actuator). If there are power windows in the car, the central locking can have a "comfort" system that automatically closes all the windows and the car's sunroof.

The central lock is a complex system consisting of many components, and in order to connect an alarm to it, you need to have an idea of ​​\u200b\u200bthat. how it works and what it consists of.

Here we will look at how the central lock is arranged, what are and how, depending on the type, connect an alarm to it. Schemes of central locks and explanations will allow us to understand and shed light on the topic of connecting an alarm to the central lock of a car.

Central locking device

The central lock consists of:

Central lock control unit

The central locking control unit is the electronic brain center of the entire system. By their complexity, blocks can be different, from very simple to microprocessor-based and very complex. As a rule, the entire electronic part is placed in one housing with connectors, but with the advent of the CAN bus in modern cars, the control part can be divided into separate blocks scattered in different parts of the car.

The control unit monitors the state of the door limit sensors (limit switches), contact groups of door locks, the position of the lock control buttons and other sensors. All sensors are connected to the block by wires through which they report their status and changes to the block, and it reacts to changes in incoming signals by controlling electric drives (actuators) via wires that block or unlock the doors, trunk and gas tank hatch of the car.

In some cases, the Central unit can still control the "turn signals" of the car, flashing them when closing and opening the doors. If this option is present, then you can connect an alarm to these wires to control the turning lights of the car.

The control unit can also have a built-in receiver for remote control of the central lock. This receiver can be located either inside or separately from the control unit and is connected to the unit with wires that can be used to connect the central locking alarm control.

I want to note: What if we find a unit in a car and it can do a lot, then we connect 80% of the alarm wires to it and only the siren and the engine block remain! Oh, and alarm sensors.

Input sensors and buttons

input sensors in the system are:

• door limit switches, they determine whether the door is open in relation to the car body. The light in the cabin directly depends on the state of these limit switches and of course we connect them to the alarm system to protect the doors.
• microswitches in the design of the lock, they determine where the key is turned in the door lock and, depending on this, tells the unit to lock or unlock the doors. (Can be used to connect alarm)
• microswitch in the electric drive of the lock - it determines the current position (locked or unlocked), it is also used to control the central lock.
• As a button, a three-pin (with a common and two normally open contacts) two-way button is used, there are also two-pin or five-pin buttons for controlling the central lock. Such buttons in the car can be one on the driver's door or on the panel, or two on the left and right front doors. By pressing the button in one direction or the other, we let the control unit understand whether to lock or unlock the doors. The wires of these buttons can also be used to connect the alarm. It should be noted that there may or may not be buttons.

Executive devices (actuators)

Central lock actuators are mainly used electromechanical (hereinafter Electric Drive), but in the case of a pneumatic system, the actuators operate on air pressure (hereinafter).

electric drive

Electric door locks are available in several design options and differ in the value of traction force (from 2.5 to 6 kg).

All Electric drives have a plastic housing with a built-in DC motor and a plastic (or metal) gearbox that converts rotational motion into translational. The change in the direction of the translational movement of the output rod of the engine is carried out by changing the polarity of the supply voltage, as a result of which the engine rotates in one direction or the other, which achieves the unlocking or locking of the door lock. The most common are electric drives of the T-shaped ("pistol") and square types.

There are electric drives with two electric motors, one closes / opens the lock, and the other blocks the possibility of mechanically opening the lock by pulling the handle inside the car or lifting the lock rod. Such electric drives are controlled by three wires (a classic example of a BMW car). In modern car designs, electric drives are mounted in the common body of the door lock along with the mechanical part.

The electric drives of the locks are controlled by a pulsed voltage with a duration of 0.8 -1.5 s. This time is enough for the locks to open or close. It is impossible to supply electric motors with power exceeding this time, otherwise this will lead to their failure, in other words, they will burn out.

Electric motors differ in the presence or absence of a contact microswitch mechanically connected to the retractable stem. The three wires of this microswitch are brought out and together with the two power wires of the engine itself form the so-called five-wire Electric actuator, usually installed in the front doors. The microswitch built into them, together with the control unit, ensures the operation of two-wire electric drives of the rear doors when manually unlocking / locking the front door lock using a metal car door key or a lock control button.

Examples of Electric drives for closing/opening car doors.

700 423

351 386

278 182

645 432

Pneumatic drive

The pneumatic actuator consists of a plastic housing with an air inlet and a stem outlet, inside a rubberized membrane with a stem attached to it.

The principle of operation is very simple. When air is supplied to the drive, the membrane is pushed up, and when air is sucked out, it goes down moving the stem, locking or unlocking the door lock.

Pneumatic actuators also differ from each other by the presence or absence of a contact microswitch in them, mechanically connected to the retractable stem. The principle of the microswitch is the same as

Some pneumatic actuators use built-in solenoids (moving core electromagnet). These actuators do not allow an intruder to open the lock, for example, with a ruler. When you try to raise the rod without the knowledge of the control unit, the microswitch is activated and the unit gives voltage to the solenoid, while the solenoid core blocks the rod preventing the door from being opened by robbery, and the compressor additionally creates a vacuum by returning the rod to the "closed" state.

Currently, car manufacturers have abandoned the use of pneumatic central locking systems and only electric drives are used!

Let's sum up the intermediate results: We now know how the central locking of cars works, we found out that it can be controlled in different ways: using the contacts of the central lock control button, the contact group of the door lock, the contact group of the actuator and, in some cases, the wires of the power control of the actuator. Next, we will look at the types of central locks and how to connect them to the alarm system so that it can control them. All connection diagrams are presented for alarms that have built-in lock control relays: three wires for closing and three wires for opening.

Types of central locking control

1. Central locking control via CAN adapter
2. Installing a central lock if the car does not have one

Scheme Central locking control positive potential

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On the scheme-A shows an automobile central locking with an electronic unit and a positive control signal. This type of control is typical for General Motors Corp., Renault, Chrysler, BMW (E39, E34, E38), VW Passat and some Ford models.

To control such a lock, it is enough to apply a positive, short pulse of 1 s to the control wires, Block C.Z. will react and lock or unlock the doors accordingly. The control is low-current, if you connect the control with a "crocodile" to +12 volts, and pierce the wires in the harness at the exit from the driver's door with a sharp probe, then, if you hit the right wire, the locks will work, so you can find the necessary control wires. The diagram shows an example of connecting an alarm to control a central lock with positive control, in principle, the alarm simulates pressing a button in one direction or the other, closing or opening the central lock.

On the scheme-B the central locking of a car is shown, which does not have an electronic part and is controlled by the positive potential of the drive itself using a contact group inside it. There can be several control locks, for example Two - the driver's and front passenger's doors. Such central locking systems are used in some FORD cars after 92.

The principle of operation is ingeniously simple. The motors in the drive rotate in one direction and have 2 rest points, one is closed - the stem is pulled into the drive as much as possible and the state is open - the stem is pulled out of the drive as much as possible.

Scheme Central locking without electronics with positive control

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The diagram shows the state of the locks in the open state. If you close the control door, for example, with a key, the door will close mechanically and the contact group inside will switch, as a result of which + 12V voltage will appear on the contact ( L)(Lock-Close), all other drives are open and the motors are connected to this wire through their own contacts. As a result, the motors turn on and retract their rods closing the locks.

When the rods retract, the internal switches will operate and disconnect the motor from contact ( L) and connect it to a contact ( U)(Unlock-Open). As a result, all locks are closed and the system is in balance. Now if you apply a positive voltage to the contact ( U), the motors will start to move and open the locks, the motors will switch to the contact ( L) and the system will again be in equilibrium.

On the scheme-B shown. how to connect alarm relay contacts. so that she manages such a central lock. The time must be set to 4 seconds so that the actuators have time to close / open. The power supply to the alarm relay must be connected through a fuse.

A: Reversible lock control by power buttons

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On the scheme-E the central locking of the car with reversible control from the power buttons installed in the trim of the driver's and passenger's doors is shown and does not have an electronic control unit. This drive control method is used on some cars of the 90s, mainly American: Chrysler, Ford, Chevy Cavalier, etc.

If you look at the lock control button installed in the driver's door, then five wires will depart from it: one wire with a constant power supply of +12 V, two wires with a constant mass and two wires with a mass in the initial state. When the button is pressed in one direction or the other, the negative potential will change to positive on one or the other wire. when locking on the lock wire, when unlocking on the unlock wire. In this case, the electric drives will close or open the locks of the car doors.

The diagram shows how to connect the alarm wires in order to control such a lock. In fact, connecting the contacts of the alarm relay copies the button in the passenger door. During installation, you must be especially careful, because incorrect connections will lead to instant damage to the elements of the system. As protection, it is necessary to use a 10-15 A fuse in the +12 V power circuit.

B: Reverse control with central locking unit

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On the scheme-F shows the way to connect the signaling for direct control of electric drives in the presence of the control unit C.Z..

Such control is suitable for almost any type of central lock, except for vacuum, and on the condition that, under mechanical action on the lock stem, handle or latch on the door, all locks close and open. Only in this case will there be a guaranteed closing of all doors, and not just one.

It is ideal to connect if the control unit is a separate unit and the outputs to the electric drives are common. In this case, we find the control unit, determine the power wires and, as in the diagram, cut them and connect the wires from the alarm into the gap.

It is important not to confuse with the connection, otherwise the relay and alarm tracks or the central locking unit can be disabled. Let's remember the main rule of reverse control - Common contacts of the control relay from the alarm are always connected in the direction of the drive.

If the lock control is built into the Common block, then here for frequent power wires for controlling drives come out of different connectors, which somewhat complicates the task. In this case, we can apply such a connection to one of the electric drives of the control doors of the car. For example: We find the power wires going to the driver's door. This can be done using the car control:

1. We hang the crocodile on the ground, pierce the wire with a probe and close / open the lock using the native remote control or the car lock control button. On the wires we need, the control light will flash.
2. Thus, we find the two wires we need, and to make sure that these are the wires, we hang a control on both wires, on one crocodile. to another probe, which one, it doesn't matter. When opening and closing the door lock, the control lamp should flash in time with the operation of the electric drive.
3. We cut the closing wire, now when the central lock is activated, the drive should be silent and not show signs of life, both for opening and closing.
4. For a short time, you can apply a voltage of +12 Volts to the cut wire leading to the door through a 5A fuse. The electric door drive should close and the entire central locking should work.
5. If this happens, then we cut the second wire, and temporarily connect the first. We briefly supply +12 V towards the door (drive) and the drive should work and open its door first, and then all other locks should open.
6. If everything is fine, then in the breaks of both wires we connect the wires from the alarm according to the scheme presented here. It is important not to make a mistake and carefully check the correctness of your connection.

Attention: When searching and checking wires, the lock pawl must be latched and the door button disabled or pressed in order for everything to be emitted correctly - the doors are tightly closed, there is no key in the ignition.

C: Reverse motor control

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On the scheme-G it is shown how to switch the alarm relay contacts for direct control of the lock electric drives via two wires by reversing the potentials on them.

In the initial state, there is a negative potential of -12 volts on both wires, it gets there through the normally closed contacts of the closing relay and the unlocking relay.

When a signal is received from the key fob to arm, the locking relay is activated and disconnects the common contact from the minus and connects it for 1 second with a normally open contact on which there is a positive potential of +12 Volts, and then the common contact returns to its original state. This time is enough for the motor, rotating in one direction, to remove the drive rod inside the housing and the locks to close.

When a signal is received from the key fob to disarm, the unlocking relay is activated and disconnects the common contact from the minus and connects it for 1 second with a normally open contact on which there is a positive potential of +12 Volts, and then the common contact returns to its original state. This time is enough for the engine to rotate in the opposite direction to push the drive rod out of the housing and the locks open.

Such a connection scheme is applicable in the case when the car has no central locking, no electric drives. We connect the electric drives installed independently in the door according to this scheme.

In the event of a breakdown of the Control Unit, you can disconnect all drives from it and connect them to the alarm according to this scheme.

Central locking control with pneumoelectric compressor

This type of central lock uses an air compressor to operate the locks and is used in Mercedes Benz, Audi, Volkswagen vehicles.

The central lock of the car Mercedes Benz - 124 body.

Consider connecting an alarm to a pneumatic lock, using the example of a car Mercedes Benz - 124 body - diagram-H. This car has a classic compressor and pneumatic actuators. Pneumatic actuators with three contact switches are installed in the driver's and front passenger doors, as well as in the trunk lid.

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1. Battery
2. Contact group of the ignition switch
3. Fuse box
4. Connection block
5. Warning buzzer switch
6. Block C.Z. with Compressor
7. Contact group Drive right front door
8. Contact group Trunk drive
9. Contact group Drive left front door

The principle of operation is ingeniously simple - if all the locks are open, then the central wires on the contact groups of the drives (according to scheme 7,8,9 - green, yellow, blue) are closed to + 12V and the System maintains balance. With mechanical action on the stem, for example, by turning a key or pressing a rod with a plastic tip, we close the door and the central wire of the corresponding contact group, switching, closes to ground (-12V). The unit reacts to potential changes and understands that one door has closed and the rest must be closed - the electric motor with the pump turns on and pumps air out of the door drives, as a result, the rods of all drives lock the locks. and the central wires of all contact groups are closed to ground and the system again goes into a state of equilibrium - the locks are closed. It is worth mechanically opening the door or trunk and the control wire closes to positive again, the compressor turns on and pumps air into the drives, as a result, the rods extend and all the locks come off. The system again goes into a state of equilibrium - the locks are open.

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To connect the pneumatic central lock, you need to find any of the three control wires in the car, cut it and connect two wires from the alarm to scheme-I. It is more convenient to use the driver's door wire (blue according to the scheme). He exits the door and walks down the left threshold.

We connect the contacts of the alarm relay according to the scheme presented here. This connection ensures the free passage of the signal from the driver's door to the compressor through the contacts of the alarm relay. In other words, we do not violate the correct operation of pneumatics.

When arming the alarm, the locking relay of our alarm is activated, as a result General the contact of this relay opens with normally closed contact, "breaking" the control wire from the door and connects to the normally open contact connected to -12V. Thus, the alarm instructs the compressor to close the doors.

Due to the fact that the pneumatic system is inert and it takes 1.5 to 3.5 seconds to lock all the doors and the control wire contacts have switched to minus, we need to ensure that the alarm relay is held during this process in order for everything to work as it should. The alarm signal time for central locking control should be set to 4 seconds. Almost all alarms have this option, you need to study the instructions and select the desired time (4 seconds).

If this is not done, then as soon as the alarm relay returns to its original state, the circuit between the control wire of the drive and the compressor will be restored, and if by this time the lock has not yet closed, then there is a plus on the control wire and the compressor will receive a command to open everything. As a result, the alarm was armed, and the doors remained open.

It is the same with disarming, only the unlocking relay for our alarm is activated in the process and, breaking it, supplies plus 12 volts towards the compressor, which starts the process of opening all the doors.

Attention: It is very important not to confuse the two alarm wires connected to the break in the control wire. If this happens, then when the relay is turned on, a short circuit occurs, and these are knocked-out fuses, burnt out in the track alarm and a relay stuck in it. The signaling needs to be repaired or replaced with another one, so be very careful when connecting, we give voltage towards the compressor and not the other way !!!

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To complete the "picture", let's consider the central locking of the VW GOLF III car. In this example, we will see that the control of the compressor lock can be not only classical, like the 124th, but also mixed.

The figure on the left shows the structure of the VW GOLF III central lock.

1. Pneumo drives of interior doors
2. Pneumatic drive of the trunk lid and gas tank flap
3. Compressor central locking
4. Air tubes connecting the compressor with pneumatic actuators

The thing is that in Golf 3 you can control the central lock two ways.

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Note: If the lock is closed with the gray wire, it cannot be opened using black-red the wire. If we use to control grey and green wires, then if there is a key in the ignition, you cannot close the car from the alarm key fob.

When connecting the alarm to the Golf III central lock, the second method is preferable. The wires come out of the door and are in the same connector. like the black and red wire, the picture shows how the wires from the alarm are connected to them. To make sure that these are the wires we need, snap the lock pawl so that the stem in the driver's door can fall freely, take the car control, connect it to + 12V with a crocodile, and pierce the gray wire with a probe, the compressor motor should work and close the doors. We pierce the green wire with a control, the compressor motor should work and open the doors. Alarm outputs for controlling the central lock, we switch according to the scheme.

In addition to this, if you want the windows to close automatically when arming, then you need to connect the alarm wire - (glass control) to brown gray wire. This wire goes to the comfort unit, which is installed behind the left kick panel at the driver's feet and looks like a dual relay in one housing. This wire is controlled by a minus and with the signal held (while the minus is present, the windows rise, the minus is turned off - the windows stop).

Control of the central lock on one wire with a positive potential

On the scheme-K and scheme-L Shown is a car central locking system with single wire positive potential control. This single wire provides both locking and unlocking. Management on it is achieved by changing the level of positive potential. The desired level of a positive signal is set by a resistor, through which it is fed to the control wire.

This type of control is applied to 1995 Dodge Stratus, Ford Probe, Chrysler, New Yorker, Concorde, LHS, Eagle Vision 1993-1995.

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Ford Probe

• The Ford Probe control wire is located under the trim of the left kick panel and is green/black in color. Signallocking- positive pulse +12 V. Signalunlocking- +12 V positive pulse connected through a resistor4.7 kOhm.
• Alarm connection via scheme-K.

Control of the central lock on one wire with a negative potential

On the scheme-M and scheme-N car central locking with single wire negative potential control is shown. This single wire provides both locking and unlocking. Management on it is achieved by changing the level of negative potential. The desired level of a positive signal is set by a resistor, through which it is fed to the control wire.

This type of control is used on some 1996 Mazda, Dodge Caravan, Plymouth Voyager, Chrysler Town & Country vehicles.

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• car control wireDodge Caravan, Plymouth Voyager, Chrysler Town & Country 1996located under the casing on the left side of the "BODY" connector of the unit and is White with a light green stripe. Signallocking1.5 kOhm. Signal unlocking250 ohm.
• Alarm connection via scheme-M.

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• Car central lock controlMAZDA(White-green wire)
• Signal locking- negative pulse -12 V, connected through a resistor1 kOhm.
• Signal unlocking- negative pulse -12 V.
• Alarm connection via scheme-N.

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Some Nissan and Mazda vehicles use single wire control. where The unlocking signal is a negative pulse of -12V., and locking is achieved by "breaking" the control wire.

For example, on a 1991 Mazda MPV car, the color of the control wire is Green-white, you can find it in the lock control module connector behind the glove box.

On 1991-1995 Nissan vehicles, this wire comes out of the driver's door and can be either orange-blue or orange-black, brown or brown-black, depending on the year and model.

You can find this wire using a car control. We hang the "crocodile" on minus, snap the driver's door lock pawl, turn off the limit switch so that the car does not see that the door is open, close the central lock with the key. We pierce the intended wire with a control probe and if it is, then the central lock will work and all the doors will open. To finally verify this wire, we cut it, C.Z. should work and the doors should close. If everything is so, then in the wire break we connect the wires from the alarm according to Rating 4.71

It's nice to be able to unlock and lock doors with a key fob rather than with a key. A simple central lock is of limited value because it takes up little space in the car. The capability of the car is a big advantage that many older cars don't have.

Installing a central lock does not require significant costs. However, in order to mount it, you need to demonstrate dexterity in work (it should be noted that the circuit of such a device is quite simple). If you can devote a few hours of your time to the installation, it's worth the effort. Otherwise, in order not to lose your nerves, it is better in service workshops.

If you decide that connecting with your own hands is within your power, study the following recommendations.

Important parameters and functions of the central locking

The central lock, or central locking system of car locks, is an auxiliary device, one of the components of the comfort system. Its presence brings convenience, because by pressing one button on the remote control you can unlock all the car doors without a key.

What else is the central lock used for?

Currently, in addition to opening the doors, this system activates the opening and closing of the trunk, the fuel tank cap, and. In a car that is equipped with power windows, the central locking remote control can also be used.

The scheme of the central lock is quite simple. The system combines:

• input sensors (door limit switches and microswitches are used, which are located in the lock design);
• central lock control unit;
• actuators (also called activator or actuator).

The principle of operation of the central lock

The signals from the switch are sent to the control, which, in turn, redirects them to the central locking control unit. Then the signal passes to the door control units, where the control of the impact on the actuators of the door lock is formed. Based on the received signals, the door control units activate the activator (it is a 12 V DC electric motor, which is combined with a simple gearbox).

Before you get started

Before starting the installation of the system, you need to properly prepare:

• buy the mechanism itself;
• purchase the necessary tools.

Buying a central lock

8. Checking the performance of the central lock.

After you have connected the battery, check the operability of the mechanism - both its mechanical part and the electrical one. The stroke of the rods should be smooth and easy.

9. Restoration of the dashboard and door trim.

After making sure that everything works properly, install the dashboard and side door trim in their place.

On the video - how to install the central lock:

1. Pull all the necessary wires through a special corrugated tube - this way you protect them from chafing.
2. To most accurately install the central lock, the rod can be bent.

The presence of a central locking system is not only a convenience, but also a quick, safe way to open and close the car. Today, more and more vehicles are equipped with such devices from the factory. But if you don't have such a system, it's fairly easy and quick to install. As a rule, the place where the central locking system is located is the door or the center console. Have you already installed CC? We are ready to read about your experience.

The sequence of connecting the central lock to the alarm system depends on its type: pneumatic, with constant or variable polarity. However, in order to properly connect the central lock according to any of these schemes, first of all, you need to prepare a lamp probe. To find circuits on cars recent years release, it is better to use a voltmeter so as not to damage the wiring.

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Central locking device

The central lock is a complex of nodes with an electromechanical drive.

The central lock includes the following components:

• Control block;
• input sensors and buttons;
• executive devices (activators).

Central lock accessories

The trunk lid and fuel tank hatch can also be equipped with locking devices connected to the central lock.

Control block

The control unit monitors the position of "limit switches", control buttons, as well as contact groups of door locks and other sensors that are connected to the unit by wires.

Initially, the electronic part of the block was contained in one housing with connectors. However, on new car models, CAN buses are also used, with which you can divide the central locking control system into separate elements. This allows you to install them in different places of the body.

Example of a central locking control unit

Additionally, the BU can be:

1. Giving a signal to the "turn signals" that flash briefly when locking / unlocking. With this option, the alarm can be connected to the appropriate wires, and the turn lights will be involved in its operation.
2. The receiver of signals from the remote control. If this receiving device is placed outside the block, then the connecting wires can also be used to control the car alarm.

If the central lock has a multifunctional complex control unit, then most of the wires of the installed security system are connected to its connectors. A separate connection will require a siren, alarm sensors, and, if available, an engine blocking device.

Input sensors and buttons

The central locking system includes several groups of input sensors used in the installation of alarms:

These include:

1. "Limit switches" - end sensors for car doors that determine their closed or open position. The supply of light to the corresponding lights in the cabin depends on their signals.
2. Door lock microswitches. Signal about the closed / open state of the car door lock.
3. Microswitches in the locking electric drive. They give signals about the status of door locks - locked / unlocked.

The control button in the cabin can be one on the driver's door or on the panel, or two - on both front doors. The central lock is usually controlled by a double-sided button with three contacts - one common and two normally open. There are also two- or five-pin keys.

Executive devices

There are electromechanical drives and pneumatic actuators of central locking devices (activators).

In the design of the central locks of modern cars, pneumatics are no longer used, electric drives are used everywhere.

electric drive

There are several different types of electric drives with a pulling force of 2.5 - 6 kg. The most common types can be called square and T-shaped ("pistol").

The drive mechanism is housed in a plastic case. Structurally, it consists of an electric motor and a metal (or plastic) gearbox. When the polarity of the voltage supplied to the electric motor is reversed, the shaft rotates either clockwise or counterclockwise. The torque is transmitted to the gearbox, which converts rotational motion into translational. The direction of rotation determines whether the door lock is locked or unlocked.

The drives are controlled by means of a short-term impulse voltage - with a duration of 0.8 to 1.5 seconds. This is enough to trigger the lock mechanism to open or close. If the voltage supply time is made longer, the motors will fail.

Diagram of the electric drive of the door lock

Among the electric drives there are options with two electric motors. One is used to close / open the lock, the second one blocks the mechanical drive of the locking device, preventing it from being opened from the car using the handle or rod. Such electric drives are controlled by three wires.

Electric motors differ in the presence or absence of a contact microswitch mechanically connected to the retractable stem. Two motor wires complemented by three switch cables form a five-wire drive.

They are usually installed in the front doors of the car, and the microswitch sends signals to the two-wire electric motors that the rear door locks are equipped with. The corresponding commands (to close or open) are sent when the front doors are locked or unlocked with a key or when a control button is pressed.

Photo gallery: types of electric drives

Electric drive for opening/closing doors Power opening/closing trunk

Pneumatic drive

The main structural element of the pneumatic drive is a rubberized membrane with a rod, placed in a plastic housing, which has a fitting for air supply. Under pressure, the membrane rises, and under vacuum, it lowers, moving the stem and locking or unlocking the lock.

Some pneumatic devices, as well as electric drives, are equipped with a contact microswitch. It is mechanically connected to the rod and works on the same principle as in electromechanics.

In some types of pneumatic drives there are electromagnets with a moving core (solenoids). They serve as additional protection and prevent unauthorized attempts to open the lock. If an effort is made to raise the stem without an enabling command from the control unit, the microswitch is activated and the solenoid is energized. The core of the electromagnet blocks the rod, at the same time the command is given to the compressor to create a locking vacuum.

The principle of operation of the central lock

Locking and unlocking car doors and other body elements is carried out by turning the key in one of the door locks or by pressing a button installed in the passenger compartment. Control signals are sent to the electronic unit, which gives commands to the drives to lock or unlock the doors, trunk and gas tank hatch.

The transmission of signals occurs by wire or in a non-contact way - when the impulse comes from the remote control to the antenna and then to the control unit.

The central locking system also provides the function of automatically unlocking all locks when the car gets into an accident.

How to connect the alarm to the central lock yourself?

To independently connect the central lock to the alarm system, you need:

• Experience with auto electrical
• set of tools;
• connection diagram (detailed instructions), taking into account the type of central lock installed on the car.

Instrument preparation

The necessary set of tools for self-installation of an alarm on a car should consist of:

• a set of Phillips and flat blade screwdrivers;
• wire cutters or scissors for cutting the cable;
• set of wrenches;
• pliers or a tool for crimping terminals;
• knife or wire stripper;
• drill or screwdriver with a set of drills;
• soldering iron;
• network voltage meter;
• insulating tape.

Wiring diagrams

The circuits in question are designed for car alarms equipped with built-in relays for controlling locks - they have three wires for locking and unlocking.

The universal connection option is as follows.

Scheme of connecting the alarm to the central lock

CL controlled by constant polarity

Alarm wires connected to the central lock can be power or signal. For power outputs use the following scheme:

Cable white color, connected to the alarm connector, gives a signal for unlocking (UNLOCK), and the green cable - for locking (LOCK). The relay indicated in the diagram above is responsible for locking. With the "minus" you need to connect normally open contacts, common - must be connected to the signal wires of the central lock.

During installation, please note that the wiring from the connectors of the central locking electronic unit is not cut off - both signaling cables (white and green) are simply connected to it. The wires of the security system do not have to be connected to the relay connectors; you can hook them up to low-current signal outputs.

If the central locking system uses not negative, but combined polarity, then when connecting, diodes should be installed (the arrow on them should be directed to the alarm connector).

To connect to a central lock with constant positive polarity, the same circuit is used, but with slight differences.

Normally open contacts in this type of central lock are connected to the positive pole, but not to ground. In the diagram, the upper relay commands to lock, the lower relay to unlock. In this option, instead of relay contacts, the use of signal outputs can also be considered, but when installing diodes, the arrow should be directed to reverse side- to the central lock connectors.

CH is controlled by alternating polarity

When controlling the central lock with variable polarity, the alarm is connected directly to the power wires.

Determine the required cables with a probe:

1. One contact is placed to the positive pole, and the other is looking for a wire, upon contact with which the light of the device lights up. When a command is given to the central lock to open or close, the probe lamp goes out.
2. Then the first probe probe is moved from "plus" to "minus" and again the signal is given to the central lock. The lamp of the device should light up when opening or closing.

When the two power wires that control the door lock drives are found, you need to cut them to connect the alarm.

If the "signal" has low-current positive / negative outputs, two additional relays are used when connecting

After that, you need to connect according to the following scheme:

• NO contacts are connected to a wire with a positive pole;
• NC contacts - to the cables going to the electronic unit or to the central lock control button;
• O-contacts are closed to the control wires going to the door lock drives;
• alarm output cables are connected to the relay coils from either side.

The second side of the relay is connected depending on the polarity of the car alarm output:

• positive output - to "minus";
• negative - to "plus".

CZ with pneumatics

In pneumatic (vacuum) versions of central locking control, instead of two wires, the signals are transmitted one at a time. You can find the control cable in the luggage compartment near the compressor or under the rear seat. At the moment of unlocking the locks, it will have a positive charge, while locking it will have a negative charge.

Alarm connection diagram:

The required cable is determined by a probe - one probe of the device is set to "minus", the other is checked for wiring, closing and opening the central lock. When unlocking, a positive charge is fixed on the control wire, and the lamp of the device lights up. Then the probe probe is moved to "plus", and the other is held on the same wire, and when locked, a "minus" should appear.

The found cable is carefully cut and connected to the alarm contacts. To avoid confusion and damage to the electronics, you can apply a positive, then a negative charge through the probe to the end going to the compressor. If everything is correct, the door locks will open, then close.

If the mounted alarm has built-in power relays, then the connection is carried out as follows:

• at the unlocking relay, the NR contact is connected to the "plus";
• NC contact - into a break in the wire directed to the central locking control button;
• O-contact - to the NC contact of the locking relay;
• at the locking relay, the NR contact is connected to the "minus";
• O-contact - into a break in the wire directed to the compressor.

Independent connection of the central lock to the alarm system has the following difficulties:

1. In the absence of skills in working with electrical circuits of a car, it is easy to make a mistake in the installation, which can lead to a short circuit, failure of the central locking and alarm elements.
2. Access to some elements of the central lock and additional equipment may be difficult.

1. Simple security systems with a minimum set of sensors are more suitable for self-installation.
2. To connect complex car alarms (with a GSM module, start turbocharged engines, auto-heater, etc.), it is better to contact specialists.
3. When installing an alarm, it is desirable to avoid interference with the central locking control units. Soldering into them should be done only as a last resort, bypassing, if possible, the installation of relays, diodes and other elements. You can use special modules that allow you to connect and configure the security system via CAN-buses.

Checking the correct installation

To verify that the installation is correct, do the following:

1. Connect the battery and from the remote control give a command to block the central lock. For safety net, you need to leave one of the door windows open. This will allow you to open the car manually if for some reason the unlock command does not work.
2. After blocking the central lock, a command is given from the remote control to unlock.
3. After the commands are correctly executed, the wire connections are insulated with heat shrink tubing or electrical tape.

If at some stage of the test the system does not receive a signal and work, you should once again check the correct connection of the wires. If they are connected correctly, there may be damage somewhere.

They determine the malfunction together - one will give signals from the remote control to lock and unlock the central lock. At this time, the other, using a tester, will check the voltage at the power outputs of the security system and at the fuse contacts. You also need to check the voltage at the contacts of the central locking button.

Video rules for checking the connection of an alarm

Filmed by AUTOSECURITY channel - Anti-theft studio.

Which is better: alarm or central locking?

The anti-theft capabilities of the central lock, compared to the alarm system, are low. An intruder can break the glass without much effort and steal a car without a key relatively easily by shorting the ignition contacts.

Compared to the standard central locking, car alarms provide additional degrees of protection:

1. The fact of the installed alarm, as evidenced by the flashing LED beacon in the cabin, reduces the risk of hacking.
2. The sound and light signals given at attempt of unauthorized entry into the car draw attention and frighten off burglars.
3. Modern security systems have an option (immobilizer). Even in the case of penetration into the salon and turning off the siren, it will be impossible to steal a car.
4. Many alarms provide the car owner with information about the state of the car, which is displayed using the feedback system on the key fob display. In case of hacking attempts, an alarm signal and a danger message will be sent to the remote control.

Installing a modern car alarm also makes the operation of the car more comfortable. For example, it can be used to set or turn on the pre-heater.

27.01.2017

The absence of a central lock in the car is not a problem, it turns out that you can easily mount and install it yourself.

This enterprise will not require significant costs, but a certain sleight of hand and ability to possess is necessary.

Central locking functions

The main characteristics of the automobile central locking can be called convenience and comfort, since it is enough to press the button on the control panel to unlock all the doors of the car.

Along with this, the central lock opens and closes the tailgate, fuel tank caps and the top hatch. If the car is equipped with power windows, they can also be activated by pressing the button on the central locking remote control.

Principle of operation

The central lock (CL) consists of incoming sensors, a central lock control unit and an actuator (activator).

The central lock works according to the following principle:

From the switch, a message is sent to the electric control unit, which sends these messages to the central locking control unit.

1. Then the door adjustment blocks actuate the actuators.

Preliminary work

To install the central lock without the help of specialists, you need to purchase a mechanism and take care of having the necessary tools.

Central locks are of two types: mechanical, is put into operation by turning the key and electronic activated by pressing the remote control button. If you connect the central lock to the alarm, then you can also enhance the safety of the car.

To start work on installing the central lock, in addition to the car, you must also have a central locking system consisting of a central locking control unit and an activator. You will also need wires for two cores and other auxiliary tools.

If the financial issue is not acute, then you can purchase a universal kit in a specialized store, consisting of wires, controllers, cables, fasteners and other things.

The first stage of the installation of the central lock

1. Remove the door panels, but first disconnect the battery terminals.
2. Think of an acceptable place for installing the central lock, paying attention to the location of the power windows. In some cases, you need to make special brackets for mounting.
3. Install central locking activators on each door, for which you need to make holes and fix them with self-tapping screws.
4. Attach each activator to the door with clamps and combine the stroke of the activator rod and the lock rod. From the first, install the fasteners on the rods of the manual block of the lock.
5. Attach the wiring coming from each actuator with plastic clamps.

The second stage of the CZ

1. Remove the instrument panel and make points near the front panel mounting points, which will simplify the task of laying cables. Since they will be laid through the place of wiring of electrical cords under the dashboard and in the glove compartment.
2. Remove the previous cables of the electric window lifters, connect the new ones and connect them to the drive.
3. Bring the wires of the actuator, wrap them with electrical tape and slide them inside the door.
4. In order to run the wires under the dashboard and into the glove box, you need some skill.
5. Carefully, using a screwdriver, install the through-pipe into the rack.
6. Next, the wires are connected to the connector and connected to the central locking power supply.
7. The “minus” wire of the central lock is connected to the body of the car, and the “plus” wire is connected to fuse No. 1 on the battery.
8. Test the mechanical and electrical parts of the central lock in operation. As a result, the move should come out smooth and easy.
9. Return the original appearance of the torpedo and side door trim.

The central lock is not such an indispensable organ of comfort as wipers, but it has rightfully earned a place among the necessary devices of a modern car. The central lock allows you to simultaneously unlock / block the locks of all car doors (in some cases, also the gas tank hatch). The system can have a remote control (RC) and be connected to an alarm system.

Classification

The fundamental difference between central door lock control systems lies in the way the signals are distributed:

• management is carried out by a single unit (centralized);
• each door has separate control units that work in tandem with the central unit (decentralized).

Central locking is a component not only of the car's comfort system, but also an important element of passive safety. A large number of related functions that have become assigned to the centralized door unlocking system (for example, automatic opening of all doors in the event of an accident) have led to more frequent use of systems with decentralized control.

Systems in which all the functionality is implemented by a single central lock control unit are used only in budget versions. Designers also departed from systems with vacuum control. Door servo drives were controlled by a vacuum lock. Inside the latter is a compressor that creates a vacuum or pressure in the vacuum system (unlocking and closing, respectively). They liked to install similar mechanisms on their Mercedes and Volkswagen cars. Any of these designs can have a remote control (RC).

Device

The design of the central locking of the car assumes the presence of:

• servo drives (motors);
• main control unit (on cars with decentralized control of additional units for each door);
• input sensors.

Conventional DC electric motors are used as actuators. The servo design includes:

During the supply of current, the motor shaft through the gear rotates the gear wheel. The latter moves the stem. Damper tips soften the impact when the rod reaches dead points. The dust boot protects the stem from moisture, dust and dirt (an indispensable component if the doors are treated with anti-corrosion inside.

The servo has only two positions: "on / off". The rod can be attached both to the rods (the prerogative of universal devices), and is attached directly to the door locking mechanism. A limit switch can be located inside the monoblock of actuators.

It is the limit switches in the car doors and microswitches that act as input sensors. They control the position of the locking mechanism. The corresponding signal about the position of the rod is sent to the main control unit.

To fix the current position of the elements of the locking mechanism (lock), microswitches are used. The shape of the cam mechanism, which is installed only in the driver's door of the car, determines the position for signal generation by the microswitches. Understanding the state of the lock, they send two types of signals to the control unit: (Locked) "closed" and (Unlocked) "open".

Separate microswitches are responsible for controlling the position of the "tongue" of the lock. In other words, for closing the door itself. When the door is open, the switch contacts are closed. Therefore, it is impossible to activate the central locking of the car. The engagement of the "tongue" on the crossbar changes the position of the contacts.

The central locking control unit is an integrated pulse distribution circuit.

Block CZ Opel in analysis

Principle of operation

Let's consider in detail how the car's central locking works (including with remote control):

1. The position of the locks is "open". Turning the key or a remote control signal (RC) sends a pulse through the microswitches to the control unit;
2. if all the conditions for closing are met (remember the microswitches that control the position of the door. Signals are transmitted between the central control unit (CCU) and the own blocks of all locking mechanisms of the car), the main unit sends a “lock” signal to the corresponding controllers;
3. from their own control units, the activators receive an impulse to close the locks;

Thus, almost simultaneous closing of all doors (gas tank and trunk hatch, if any are connected to the central lock) occurs.

Central locking with remote control is gaining more and more popularity. Pressing the corresponding buttons on the key fob or ignition key with the possibility of remote control provokes a signal picked up by the receiving antenna of the CBU. That, in turn, generates signals: open / close for all connected activators.

Using the remote control allows you to synchronize the central locking with the car's security system. The anti-theft system will automatically lock all car doors. Additionally, you can connect auto-closed windows, which will make the operation of the car even more comfortable.

Scheme

Possible connection scheme options:

DIY installation

The installation of the central lock will take place without much difficulty if your car in more expensive trim levels was equipped with a central lock from the factory. Then you only need to buy a factory kit: a block, activators and a corresponding wiring harness with connectors. There is no need to “collective farm” seats for all mechanisms.

If you want to save money, or there are no ready-made solutions for your car, you can purchase a universal kit. This will include:

• servo drives;
• controller;
• wiring harness;
• fasteners.

On the market you can find both conventional systems and more expensive options with remote control.

Of course, you will need a central locking diagram to connect. You may have to drill holes for the seats. In general, installing a central lock with your own hands will not do without a flight of technical fantasy.

Installation sequence:

Before connecting the central lock at home, carefully study the circuit diagram. Without a clear understanding of the pinout and the way to control the activators, it is better not to take on the installation with your own hands. Many modern cars are equipped with HCM. Body Control Modul - a block that controls the operation of all electrical appliances. Which can complicate the connection of the central lock with remote control and its synchronization with the rest of the electronic systems of the car.