Konstantin Simonov biography briefly. Simonov Konstantin. Biography of the writer Awards and literary works

It can be said about Konstantin Mikhailovich Simonov that he was a Soviet legend, poet and writer, journalist, screenwriter and public figure, whose works have been appreciated by more than one generation. The biography of Konstantin Simonov is very rich and talks about a huge literary talent that was forged under the bullets and explosive shells of the Second World War.

Konstantin Simonov. short biography

The real name of the writer is Kirill, he was born on November 15 (28), 1915 in Petrograd. The writer did not know his father, he went missing in the First World War.

When the boy was four years old, he and his mother moved to Ryazan, where he had a stepfather, A. G. Ivanishev, a former White Guard, a colonel who, after the revolution, taught combat tactics in military schools, and then became the commander of the Red Army.

The biography of Konstantin Simonov further tells that his life later passed in military garrisons and commander's dormitories. At the end of the seven-year school, he studied at the factory school. After that he began to work in Saratov as a turner, and then, in 1931, his family moved to Moscow. A few years later, he enrolled in them. Gorky. In his student years, Konstantin Simonov wrote a lot of works of art and poetry. A brief biography further indicates that after graduating from the institute, in 1936, he began to publish in the literary magazines Oktyabr and Molodaya Gvardiya. And in the same year he was accepted into the Writers' Union of the USSR.

war correspondent service

Then he studies at the IFLI graduate school and publishes the poem "Pavel Cherny". He will change his name Cyril to the pseudonym Konstantin due to his non-pronunciation of the letter "r".

The biography of Konstantin Simonov contains the fact that in 1939 he was sent as a war correspondent to Khalkhin Gol, after which he would not return to his institute. At this time, his popularity began to grow.

In 1940, he wrote the play "The Story of a Love", followed by the play "A Boy from Our City" in 1941. Then he entered the Military-Political Academy. Lenin and in 1941 he graduated with the military rank of quartermaster of the second rank.

War

At the very beginning of the Second World War, he was drafted into the army, worked at the Battle Banner publishing house, but almost immediately left as a special correspondent for Krasnaya Zvezda in besieged Odessa. The biography of Konstantin Simonov in these years is very rich.

He received the title of senior battalion commissar in 1942, in 1943 he was promoted to the rank of lieutenant colonel, and after the war he received the rank of colonel. During these years, he wrote such famous works as “Wait for me”, “Russian people”, “Days and nights”, collections of poems “War” and “With you and without you”.

Konstantin Simonov traveled as a war correspondent to Yugoslavia, Romania, Poland and Germany. He witnessed the last days of the battles for Berlin.

All these events were described in numerous collections of essays: Slavic Friendship, Yugoslav Notebook, Letters from Czechoslovakia, etc.

Post-war creativity

At the end of the war, the biography of Konstantin Mikhailovich Simonov indicates that for three years he worked as editor of the Novy Mir magazine and was on frequent business trips to China, the USA and Japan. Then, from 1958 to 1960, he worked in the Pravda publication of the Central Asian republics.

His famous works of that time were the novels "Comrades in Arms", "Last Summer", "Soldiers are not Born". Many art paintings were staged on them.

After Stalin's death, K. Simonov wrote several articles about him, for which he fell into disgrace with Khrushchev. He is urgently removed from the post of editor-in-chief of Literaturnaya Gazeta.

The writer died in Moscow on August 28, 1979. The biography of Simonov Konstantin Mikhailovich is interrupted at this point. According to the writer's will, his ashes were scattered near Mogilev, over the Buinichi field. The widow of the writer Larisa Zhadova, his children, front-line friends and veterans took part in this process. This place was dear to him because in 1941 he witnessed fierce battles and how Soviet troops knocked out 39 Nazi tanks. He describes these events in the novel The Living and the Dead and in the diary Different Days of the War.

Today, a huge stone has been installed on the outskirts of the field with a memorial plaque “K. M. Simonov. He had many awards and titles. After all, he was a truly great Russian man.

Konstantin Simonov: biography, personal life

His first wife was Natalya Viktorovna Ginzburg, who graduated with honors from the Literary Institute. Gorky and worked as a literary critic, and then headed the editorial office of Profizdat. The writer dedicated his wonderful poem Five Pages (1938) to her.

His second wife was Evgenia Samoilovna Laskina, who worked as a literary editor and headed the poetry department at the Moscow publishing house. Thanks to her, Bulgakov's novel The Master and Margarita was published in the 1960s. In 1939, she gave birth to his son Alexei.

Serov

In 1940, Konstantin Simonov falls in love with actress Valentina Serova - the wife of the deceased brigade commander Anatoly Serov (Hero of Spain) and breaks up with Laskina.

In the topic: "Konstantin Simonov: biography and creativity" one cannot fail to note the fact that love has always been the main inspiration for him. At this time, he writes his famous work “Wait for me”, and then a film of the same name is released, where Valentina Serova played the main role. They lived together for 15 years, in 1950 their daughter Maria was born.

In 1940, he creates his famous work "A guy from our city". His wife became the prototype of the main character Varya, and Anatoly Serov was Lukonin. But the actress did not want to participate in the play, as she was still experiencing the loss of her husband.

In 1942, a collection of poems "With you and without you" appeared, which was dedicated to Valentina Vasilievna Serova. It was absolutely impossible to get this book, so it was copied by hand and learned by heart. In those years, no poet had such a resounding success as Konstantin Simonov, especially after the release of this collection.

They got married in 1943, a huge number of guests gathered at their house. Throughout the war, Valentina Vasilievna went through with her husband as part of concert teams. In 1946, Simonov, on behalf of the government, travels to France to return the emigrant writers I. Bunin, N. Teffi, B. Zaitsev to their homeland and takes his wife.

Zhadova

But their love story did not have a happy ending.

The last wife of the writer in 1957 was the daughter of the Hero of the Soviet Union, General A. S. Zhadov - Larisa Alekseevna, the widow of a deceased front-line friend Simonov S. P. Gudzenko. She was a famous art critic. Simonov adopted her daughter from her first marriage, Ekaterina, then they had a daughter, Alexandra.

The person who will be discussed further was an amazing, extraordinary playwright, prose writer, poet and writer of the Soviet era. His fate was very interesting. She presented him with many difficult trials, but he withstood them in a worthy manner and passed away as a real fighter, who had fulfilled his civil and military duty to the end. As a legacy to his descendants, he left his memory of the war, expressed in numerous poems, essays, plays and novels. His name is Simonov Konstantin. The biography of this man truly deserves special attention. In the literary field, he had no equal, because it is one thing to invent and fantasize, and quite another to see everything with your own eyes. But first things first.

Simonov Konstantin's parents and a brief biography of the family

The Simonov family of rare aristocratic bloodlines. His father was the nobleman Mikhail Agafangelovich Simonov, a major general, a graduate of the Imperial Nikolaev Academy, holder of the Order of Merit for the Fatherland. The latest data about him date back to 1920-1922. They deal with his emigration to Poland.

On the maternal side, the writer's surname comes from Rurik. Simonov's mother's name was Alexandra Leonidovna Obolenskaya. She was a princess. The ancestor of this family name was Prince Obolensky Ivan Mikhailovich. All the nobles who wore it were his descendants.

Konstantin Simonov: biography and creativity (briefly)

Simonov Kirill (this is his real name) was born in what was then Petrograd in 1915 on November 15 (28). He did not know his father at all, since he went to the First World War to fight and went missing. Although later his relatives claimed that his father really emigrated to Poland and intended to take his wife and son, but, apparently, their interests did not converge.

When Simonov was four years old, he and his mother moved to live in Ryazan. And there Kirill had a stepfather - A. G. Ivanishev. This was a former officer of the tsarist army, a colonel. After the revolution, he joined the Red Army and at first taught tactics at a military school, but later became the commander of the Red Army. As in any military family, the life of Ivanishev, his wife and adopted son took place in constant moving around the garrisons and commander's hostels. Simonov was afraid of his stepfather, because he was very strict, but at the same time he respected him very much, because it was he who gave him the hardening that came in handy later. The poet will even dedicate his touching poem "Stepfather" to him in the future.

Education and the beginning of a creative path

The biography of the writer Konstantin Simonov indicates that he finished the seven-year period in Saratov and instead of the eighth grade he learned to be a turner and went to work. His salary, although small, was a good support for their meager family budget. Then the whole family moved to Moscow. It happened in 1931. For several years, Simonov was a turner at an aircraft factory. During these years he began to compose his first poems. In 1934, the young man entered them. Gorky. In 1936, Konstantin Simonov first published his poems in the magazines Young Guard and October.

Work as a correspondent

In 1939, Simonov was sent as a war correspondent to Khalkin Gol. He changed his real name Cyril to "Konstantin" due to the fact that he did not pronounce the letter "r" well. From that moment on, he is Konstantin Simonov. His biography continued with significant, but difficult events.

When the war with Germany began, he was 25 years old. On the very first trip, he, along with his comrades-in-arms, took the brunt of the most powerful tank units of the German army.

Defense of Mogilev

In July 1941, Simonov arrived at the infantry regiment, which was located 6 km from Mogilev. The task of the unit was the defense of this city. The battle went on for 14 hours on the Buiniche field. In this battle, the Germans suffered colossal losses of equipment - 39 tanks were simply burned.

Simonov's fallen brother-soldiers forever remained in his memory and became examples of courage and true heroism. When he returned to Moscow from the encirclement, the first thing he did in the Izvestia newspaper of July 20 was his first military report - the essay "Hot Day" and photographs of wrecked tanks.

At the end of the war, Simonov was looking for his colleagues who participated in the battle on the Buynichesky field, but neither his commander Kutepov, nor those who were with him in terrible moments, remained alive. They fought to the end and put their lives on the altar of a common cause.

And the victory over the Germans was met in Berlin by the correspondent of the "Red Star" Simonov Konstantin. The biography of this man tells amazing facts from his difficult front-line fate. He had to visit besieged Odessa, he went into battle in a submarine, attacked with infantry, landed behind enemy lines with scouts, got into a bombing in Feodosia.

Awards and literary works

The poet Konstantin Simonov, whose biography is expressed in this case very briefly, was awarded in 1942 the Order of the Red Banner of War. In 1943 Simonov was promoted to the rank of lieutenant colonel. Front-line soldiers who encountered him during the war years noted that he was a very brave and reliable person. This is how his stepfather raised him, who, perhaps, was not as affectionate as the child wanted then, but he instilled in his stepson a sense of duty and honor of a real officer.

The writer himself admitted that the work of a war correspondent gave him all the material. During the war, Simonov Konstantin (his biography certifies this) wrote three plays, two collections of poems "War" and "With You and Without You", the story "Days and Nights".

Personal life

First, Evgenia Laskina, a philologist by education, became his wife. She also headed one of the departments of the Moscow magazine. In 1939, the couple had a son, Alexei.

In 1940, Simonov began an affair with Valentina Serova. It happened shortly before the death of her husband - the hero of Spain Anatoly Serov. The whole country followed this novel. She is a beautiful and bright movie star, the standard of femininity itself, and he is a popular poet and writer who did not miss a single performance of her and always sat in the front rows with flowers. They have been married for 15 years.

The third wife of Konstantin Simonov was Larisa Zhadova, daughter of the Hero of the Soviet Union Alexei Zhadov and the widow of the poet Semyon Gudzenko, a friend of Simonov. He adopted her daughter, and then they had a common child. The girl was named Alexandra. The third wife of the writer also bequeathed her ashes to be scattered over the Buinichsky field, which happened a year and a half after the death of her husband.

Konstantin Simonov was a very sincere poet and writer. His full biography contains a lot of very interesting facts that modern directors still use in their documentaries and feature films.

Once the writer was asked what was the most difficult during the war years. He answered: "To leave people in the most critical situations for them."

en.wikipedia.org

Biography

Konstantin (Kirill) Simonov was born on November 15 (28), 1915 in Petrograd. He never saw his father: he went missing at the front in the First World War (as the writer noted in his official biography). The boy was raised by his stepfather, who taught tactics in military schools, and then became the commander of the Red Army. Konstantin's childhood passed in military camps and commander's dormitories. The family was not rich, so the boy had to go to the factory school (FZU) after finishing seven classes and work as a metal turner, first in Saratov, and then in Moscow, where the family moved in 1931. So he earned his seniority and continued to work for another two years after he entered the Literary Institute named after A. M. Gorky.

In 1938, Konstantin Simonov graduated from the A. M. Gorky Literary Institute. By this time, he had already prepared several large works - in 1936, Simonov's first poems were published in the magazines Young Guard and October.

In the same 1938, K. M. Simonov was admitted to the USSR Writers' Union, entered the IFLI graduate school, published the poem "Pavel Cherny".

In 1939 he was sent as a war correspondent to Khalkhin Gol, but did not return to the institute.

In 1940, he wrote his first play, The Story of One Love, staged at the Theater. Lenin Komsomol; in 1941 - the second - "A guy from our city." During the year he studied at the courses of military correspondents at the VPA named after V. I. Lenin, received the military rank of quartermaster of the second rank.

With the beginning of the war, he was drafted into the army, worked in the newspaper "Battle Banner". In 1942 he was awarded the rank of senior battalion commissar, in 1943 - the rank of lieutenant colonel, and after the war - colonel. Most of his military correspondence was published in the Red Star. During the war years, he wrote the plays "Russian People", "Wait for Me", "So It Will Be", the story "Days and Nights", two books of poems "With You and Without You" and "War".

As a war correspondent, he visited all fronts, passed through the lands of Romania, Bulgaria, Yugoslavia, Poland and Germany, and witnessed the last battles for Berlin. After the war, his collections of essays “Letters from Czechoslovakia”, “Slavic Friendship”, “Yugoslav Notebook”, “From the Black Sea to the Barents Sea. Notes of a war correspondent.

After the war, he spent three years on numerous foreign business trips (Japan, USA, China). In 1958-1960 he lived in Tashkent as a correspondent for Pravda in the republics of Central Asia.

In the days of the farewell of the Soviet people to Stalin, the following lines by K. M. Simonov were published:

There are no words to describe
All the intolerance of grief and sorrow.
There are no words to tell them
How we mourn for you, Comrade Stalin...

The first novel "Comrades in Arms" was published in 1952, then a large book - "The Living and the Dead" (1959). In 1961, the Sovremennik Theater staged Simonov's play The Fourth. In 1963-1964 he wrote the novel "Soldiers Are Not Born", in 1970-1971 - "Last Summer". According to Simonov's scripts, the films A Boy from Our City (1942), Wait for Me (1943), Days and Nights (1943-1944), Immortal Garrison (1956), Normandie-Niemen (1960) were staged. , together with S. Spaakomi, E. Triolet), "The Living and the Dead" (1964), "Twenty Days Without War" (1976)

In 1946-1950 and 1954-1958 he was the editor-in-chief of the Novy Mir magazine; in 1950-1953 - the editor-in-chief of the Literaturnaya Gazeta; in 1946-1959 and 1967-1979 - Secretary of the USSR Writers' Union.

Deputy of the USSR Supreme Council of 2-3 convocations (1946-1954). Candidate member of the Central Committee of the CPSU (1952-1956). Member of the Central Committee of the CPSU in 1956-1961 and 1976-1979.

He died on August 28, 1979 in Moscow. According to the will, the ashes of K. M. Simonov were scattered over the Buinichsky field near Mogilev.

The return to the reader of the novels of Ilf and Petrov, the publication of Bulgakov's "Master and Margarita" and Hemingway's "For Whom the Bell Tolls", the defense of Lily Brik, which high-ranking "historians of literature" decided to delete from Mayakovsky's biography, the first complete translation of the plays by Arthur Miller and Eugene O 'Nila, the publication of the first story by Vyacheslav Kondratyev "Sashka" - this is a far from complete list of "Hercules feats" Simonov, only those that have achieved the goal and only in the field of literature. But there were also participation in the “breakthrough” of performances at Sovremennik and the Taganka Theater, the first posthumous exhibition of Tatlin, the restoration of the exhibition “XX Years of Work” by Mayakovsky, participation in the cinematic fate of Alexei German and dozens of other filmmakers, artists, writers. Not a single unanswered letter. The dozens of volumes of Simonov’s day-to-day efforts, which he called “Everything Done,” stored today in TsGALI, contain thousands of his letters, notes, statements, petitions, requests, recommendations, reviews, analyzes and advice, prefaces, paving the way for “impenetrable” books and publications. Simonov's comrades in arms enjoyed special attention. Hundreds of people began to write military memoirs after Simonov read and sympathetically evaluated "pen trials". He tried to help the former front-line soldiers solve many everyday problems: hospitals, apartments, prostheses, glasses, unreceived awards, unfinished biographies.

It should be noted that, having reached the heights of party nomenclature, Simonov was not the organizer and participant in the persecution of many cultural figures, the intelligentsia, he repeatedly helped by intercession in solving various, including everyday problems: obtaining apartments, publishing books, publications, etc. Meanwhile , there is an opinion that he participated in the campaign against the "rootless cosmopolitans", in writing a letter against Solzhenitsyn in 1973.

Awards and prizes

Hero of Socialist Labor (27.9.1974)
- 3 orders of Lenin (11/27/1965; 7/2/1971; 9/27/1974)
- Order of the Red Banner (3.5.1942)
- 2 Orders of the Patriotic War, 1st class (30.5.1945; 23.9.1945)
- Order of the Badge of Honor (January 31, 1939)
- Soviet medals
- Cross of the Order of the White Lion "For Victory" (Czechoslovakia)
- Military Cross 1939 (Czechoslovakia)
- Order of Sukhe-Bator (MPR)
- Lenin Prize (1974) - for the trilogy "The Living and the Dead", "Soldiers Are Not Born", "Last Summer"
- Stalin Prize of the first degree (1942) - for the play "A guy from our city"
- Stalin Prize of the second degree (1943) - for the play "Russian people"
- Stalin Prize of the second degree (1946) - for the novel "Days and Nights"
- Stalin Prize of the first degree (1947) - for the play "The Russian Question"
- Stalin Prize of the first degree (1949) - for the collection of poems "Friends and Enemies"
- Stalin Prize of the second degree (1950) - for the play "Alien Shadow"

Family

Parents

Mother - Princess Alexandra Leonidovna Obolenskaya (1890-1975)

Father - nobleman of the Kaluga province Mikhail Agafangelovich Simonov (March 29, 1871 - after 1922), major general, participant in the First World War. After the October Revolution of 1917 he emigrated to Poland.

The second husband, stepfather, who raised Konstantin Mikhailovich, about whom he spoke many kind words, and to whom Alexander Grigoryevich Ivanishchev dedicated the poem "Stepfather" - a military specialist, teacher, colonel of the Red Army.

On the maternal side, Simonov is descended from Rurik.

Prince Ivan Mikhailovich Obolensky (1774-1838) - the ancestor of this branch of the family, leading from Mikhail Konstantinovich Sukhorukiy Obolensky, son of Konstantin Semyonovich Obolensky, the ancestor of the Obolensky princes.

Second wife: before 1810 Fyokla Kablukova (1789-1862)

One of their children is Nikolai Ivanovich Obolensky (1812-1865). Wife: Anna Shubinskaya (? -1891)

One of their children is Obolensky Leonid Nikolayevich (October 1, 1843, Andreevskoye - December 15, 1910, St. Petersburg).
He was buried at the Novodevichy Cemetery in St. Petersburg.

Wife: (since 1874) Daria Ivanovna Schmidt (1850-1923)

their children:
- Obolensky, Nikolai Leonidovich (July 7, 1878, Moscow - March 11, 1960, Paris)
Graduated from the law faculty of St. Petersburg University (1901), zemstvo chief, head of the civil office at the headquarters of the Supreme Commander (1914, 1915). Kursk, Kharkov and then Yaroslavl (1916-1917) governor. State Councillor. He was in exile under the Grand Duke Nikolai Nikolaevich. Honorary Chairman of the Family Union of Princes Obolensky (since 1957). He was buried in the Sainte-Genevieve-des-Bois cemetery. Wife: since 1904, St. Petersburg, Natalia Stepanovna Sollogub (1881, Oryol - 1963, Paris)

Obolenskaya Lyudmila Leonidovna (1875, Moscow - 1955, Moscow)
Spouse: Maximilian Tiedemann (killed circa 1917)

Obolenskaya Daria Leonidovna (1876, Moscow - 1940, Orenburg)
- Obolenskaya Sophia Leonidovna (1877, Moscow-1937)

In 1934, together with her sisters Lyudmila and Darya, she was arrested in Leningrad as "socially dangerous elements" and deported to Orenburg, where she was then shot.

Obolenskaya Alexandra Leonidovna (1890, St. Petersburg - 1975)

Spouses:
- from 1912 Mikhail Agafangelovich Simonov
- from 1919 Alexander Grigoryevich Ivanishchev

Father Mikhail Agafangelovich Simonov (March 29, 1871 -?), Major General, participant in the First World War, Cavalier of various orders, educated in the Orlovsky Bakhtin Cadet Corps. Entered service September 1, 1889.

Graduate (1897) of the Imperial Nikolaev Military Academy.

1909 - Colonel of the Separate Corps of the Border Guards.

In March 1915 - commander of the 12th Velikolutsky Infantry Regiment. Awarded with the St. George weapon. Chief of Staff of the 43rd Army Corps (July 8, 1915 - October 19, 1917). Major General (December 6, 1915).

The latest data about him date back to 1920-1922 and report his emigration to Poland.

Here is what Alexei Simonov, the writer's son, says about this:
Its second most important theme is the history of the Simonov family. I came across this topic in 2005 when I was making a two-part documentary about Ka-Em's father. The fact is that my grandfather, Alexander Grigoryevich Ivanishev, was not my father's natural father. Konstantin Mikhailovich was born to his grandmother in his first marriage, when she was married to Mikhail Simonov, a military man, a graduate of the Academy of the General Staff, who in 1915 received a major general. His further fate was unknown for a long time, his father wrote in his autobiographies that he went missing during the imperialist war, then he completely stopped remembering him. In the process of working on the film, I found letters from my grandmother in the early 1920s to her sisters in Paris, where she writes that Mikhail showed up in Poland and invites her and her son to go there. At that time, she already had an affair with Ivanishev, and, apparently, there was something else in these relations that did not allow them to be restored. But the grandmother still retained the surname Simonov to her son, although she herself became Ivanisheva.
- Sivtsev Vrazhek ...

In another interview, Alexei Simonov answers a question about Stalin's attitude towards his father:

You know, I do not find any evidence that Stalin treated his father especially well. Yes, my father became famous early on. But not because Stalin loved him, but because he wrote "Wait for me." This poem was a prayer for those who were waiting for their husbands from the war. It drew Stalin's attention to my dad.
My father had a "puncture" in his biography: my grandfather went missing on the eve of the civil war. At that time, this fact was enough to accuse the father of anything. Stalin understood that if he nominated his father, then he would serve, if not out of conscience, then certainly out of fear. And so it happened.

His father, accountant, collegiate assessor Simonov Agafangel Mikhailovich is mentioned with his brother and sisters (Court Councilor Mikhail Mikhailovich Simonov, a classy lady, a maiden from the nobility Yevgenia Mikhailovna Simonova and a teacher of the preparatory class, from the nobles a maiden Agrafena Mikhailovna Simonova) in the Address-calendar of the Kaluga province for 1861.

In 1870 - Court Councilor

The history of the grandmother's family, Darya Ivanovna, nee Schmidt.

The Schmidts were also nobles of the Kaluga province.

Spouses

The first wife of Konstantin Simonov - Evgenia Samoilovna Laskina (1915, Orsha - 1991, Moscow) (cousin of Boris Laskin), philologist (graduated from the Literary Institute on June 22, 1941), literary editor, head of the poetry department of the Moscow magazine. In 1949, it suffered during the campaign against cosmopolitanism. Thanks to her, Shalamov was published, including the release of the novel The Master and Margarita.

In 1939, their son Alexei was born.

In 1940, he broke up with Laskina, having met and fell in love with actress Valentina Serova, the widow of a recently deceased pilot, Hero of Spain, brigade commander Anatoly Serov.

This novel was perhaps the most famous in the Soviet Union, its development was followed and experienced by the whole country. Both are young, beautiful, loving. She is a movie star, a favorite of millions of viewers, a symbol of femininity, he is a famous poet, correspondent. Love inspired Simonov in his work. A bright dedication was the poem "Wait for me." Here is what daughter Maria tells about the history of creation:

It was written at the beginning of the war. In June-July, my father, as a military commissar, was on the Western Front, almost died near Mogilev, and at the end of July he briefly ended up in Moscow. And, having stayed overnight at Lev Kassil's dacha in Peredelkino, he suddenly wrote "Wait for me" in one sitting. At first, he did not intend to print the poem, he considered it too personal and read it only to those closest to him. But he was rewritten by hand, and when one of his friends said that “Wait for me” was his main cure for longing for his wife, Simonov gave up and decided to give it to print. In December of the same 1941, “Wait for me” was published by Pravda, and in 1943 the film of the same name was released, where my mother played the main role.

In the same fortieth year, Simonov wrote the play "A guy from our city." The main character of the play, Varya, is the prototype of Valentina, and Lukashin is Anatoly Serov. The actress refuses to play in the new performance, which is staged by the Lenin Komsomol Theater. The wound from the loss of a beloved husband is still too fresh.

In 1942 Simonov's collection of poems "With You and Without You" was published with a dedication to "Valentina Vasilievna Serova". The book could not be obtained. Poems were copied by hand, taught by heart, sent to the front, read aloud to each other. Not a single poet in those years knew such a resounding success as Simonov knew after the publication of "With You and Without You."

The Lenin Komsomol Theater, where Serova served, returned from evacuation in Ferghana only in April 1943. In the same year, Serova agreed to become Simonov's wife. They got married in the summer of 1943 and lived in one house, in which there were always many guests.

Throughout the war, together with Simonov and as part of concert teams, Valentina Vasilievna went to the front.

In 1946, following the government's order to return émigré writers, Simonov went to France. While in Paris, Simonov introduced his beloved wife to Ivan Bunin, Teffi, Boris Zaitsev.

Whether it was real or not is not known for certain, but the fact that Serova saved Bunin from imminent death was gossip in the kitchens. In 1946, Simonov, who received the task of persuading the Nobel laureate Ivan Bunin to return to his homeland, took his wife with him to Paris. Bunin was fascinated by Serova, and she allegedly managed to whisper in his ear so that he would not think of returning to his own death. Like it or not, we repeat, it is not known, but Simonov did not take his wife on foreign voyages anymore.

They lived together for fifteen years.

Like many life stories, the love of Simonov and Serova did not have a happy ending. There is still a lot of gossip and rumors about the life of the actress and poet, they even become the basis of books and films - this is how names are made on the fates and weaknesses of celebrities. It is not for us to judge the relationship of these talented, extraordinary people. This is their life. We are left with films included in the "golden fund" of domestic cinema, and wonderful lyrical poems dedicated to the actress.

Last wife (1957) - Larisa Alekseevna Zhadova, daughter of the Hero of the Soviet Union, General Alexei Zhadov, widow of front-line comrade Simonov, poet Semyon Gudzenko. Simonov adopted Larisa's daughter Ekaterina, then their daughter Alexandra was born.

Children

Son - Alexei Kirillovich Simonov (born 1939)
Daughters:
- Maria Konstantinovna Simonova (born 1950).
- Ekaterina Kirillovna Simonova-Gudzenko (b. 1951)
- Alexandra Kirillovna Simonova (1957-2000)

Compositions

Poems and poems

- "The Winner" (1937, a poem about Nikolai Ostrovsky),
- "Pavel Cherny" (1938, a poem glorifying the builders of the White Sea-Baltic Canal),
- "Battle on the Ice" (1938, poem),
- If your home is dear to you ...
- Wait for me (text)
- Song of war correspondents
- Son of an artilleryman
- "With you and without you" (collection of poems)
- I know you ran in battle...
- "Do you remember, Alyosha, the roads of the Smolensk region .."
- "The major brought the boy on a gun carriage .."
- Mistress of the house
- Cities are burning along the path of these hordes ...
- Don't be angry - for the better...
- Open Letter
- Smile

Novels and short stories

- "Comrades in arms" (novel, 1952; new edition - 1971),
- "The Living and the Dead" (novel, 1959),
- "Soldiers are not born" (1963-1964, novel; part 2 of the trilogy "The Living and the Dead"; in 1969 - the film "Retribution" directed by Alexander Stolper),
- "The Last Summer" (novel, 1971).
- "Smoke of the Fatherland" (1947, story)
- "Southern Tales" (1956-1961)
- “From the Notes of Lopatin” (1965, a cycle of stories; 1975 - the performance of the same name, premiered at the Sovremennik Theater)

Diaries, memoirs, essays

Simonov K. M. Different days of the war. Writer's diary. - M.: Fiction, 1982. - T. 1. - 479 p. - 300,000 copies.
- Simonov K. M. Different days of the war. Writer's diary. - M.: Fiction, 1982. - T. 2. - 688 p. - 300,000 copies.
“Through the eyes of a man of my generation. Reflections on I.V. Stalin” (1979, published in 1988)
- "Letters from Czechoslovakia" (collection of essays),
- "Slavic Friendship" (collection of essays),
- "Yugoslav Notebook" (collection of essays),
- “From the Black Sea to the Barents Sea. Notes of a war correspondent ”(collection of essays).

Plays

- "The Story of One Love" (1940, premiere - Lenin Komsomol Theater, 1940)
- “A guy from our city” (1941, play; premiere - Lenin Komsomol Theater, 1941; in 1942 - the film of the same name)
- “Under the Chestnut Trees of Prague” (1945. Premiere - Lenin Komsomol Theater. It was popular, since 1946 it went all over the country. In 1965 - the TV show of the same name, directed by Boris Nirenburg, Nadezhda Marusalova (Ivanenkova))
- "Russian People" (1942, published in the Pravda newspaper; at the end of 1942 the premiere of the play was successfully held in New York; in 1943 - the film "In the Name of the Motherland", directors - Vsevolod Pudovkin, Dmitry Vasiliev; in 1979 - the same name teleplay, directors - Maya Markova, Boris Ravenskikh)
- “So it will be” (1944, premiere - Lenin Komsomol Theater)
- "The Russian Question" (1944, premiere - Lenin Komsomol Theater; in 1947 - the film of the same name, scriptwriter and director Mikhail Romm)
- "Alien Shadow" (1949)
- "The Fourth" (1961, premiere - Sovremennik Theater)
- "Levashov" (1963, teleplay, director - Leonid Pcholkin)
- “We will not see you” (1981, TV show, directors - Maya Markova, Valery Fokin)

Scenarios

- "Wait for me" (together with Alexander Stolper, 1943, director - Alexander Stolper)
- "Days and Nights" (1944, director - Alexander Stolper)
- "The Second Caravan" (1950, together with Zakhar Agranenko, directors - Amo Bek-Nazarov and Ruben Simonov)
- "The Life of Andrei Shvetsov" (1952, together with Zakhar Agranenko)
- "The Immortal Garrison" (1956, director - Eduard Tisse),
- "Normandy - Neman" (co-authors - Charles Spaak, Elsa Triolet, 1960, directors Jean Dreville, Damir Vyatich-Berezhnykh)
- "The Living and the Dead" (together with Alexander Stolper, director - Alexander Stolper, 1964)
- “If your home is dear to you” (1967, script and text of a documentary film, director Vasily Ordynsky),
- “Grenada, Grenada, my Grenada” (1968, documentary film, director - Roman Karmen, film poem; All-Union Film Festival Prize)
- "The Case with Polynin" (together with Alexei Sakharov, 1971, director - Alexei Sakharov)
- "There is no other person's grief" (1973, a documentary about the Vietnam War),
- "A soldier was walking" (1975, documentary)
- "Soldier's Memoirs" (1976, TV movie)
- "Ordinary Arctic" (1976, Lenfilm, director - Alexei Simonov, introductory word from the author of the screenplay and episodic role)
- "Konstantin Simonov: I remain a military writer" (1975, documentary)
- "Twenty Days Without War" (according to the story (1972), director - Alexei German, 1976), text from the author

Poetic translations

Rudyard Kipling in Simonov's translations
- Nasimi, Lyrica. Translation by Naum Grebnev and Konstantin Simonov from Azeri and Farsi. Fiction, Moscow, 1973.
- and other translations

Memory

Named after the writer:
- Asteroid Simonov (2426 Simonov).
- Konstantin Simonov Street in Moscow.
- Comfortable four-deck motor ship of project 302 "Konstantin Simonov", built in 1984 in the GDR.

Biography

Russian writer, poet, playwright, screenwriter, journalist, public figure. Konstantin Simonov was born on November 28 (according to the old style - November 15), 1915 in Petrograd. Childhood years were spent in Ryazan and Saratov. He was brought up by his stepfather - a teacher at a military school. In 1930, after completing a seven-year plan in Saratov, he went to study as a turner. In 1931 he moved to Moscow with his stepfather's family. After graduating from the faculty of precision mechanics, Konstantin Simonov goes to work at an aircraft factory, where he worked until 1935. For some time he worked as a technician at Mezhrabpomfilm. In the same years he began to write poetry. The first works appeared in print in 1934 (some sources indicate that the first poems by Konstantin Simonov were published in 1936 in the magazines Young Guard and October). He studied at the Moscow Institute of Philosophy, Literature and History. N.G. Chernyshevsky (MIFLI), then - at the Literary Institute. M. Gorky, who graduated in 1938. In 1938 he was appointed editor of the Literary Newspaper. After graduation

From the Literary Institute he entered the postgraduate course of the IFLI (Institute of History, Philosophy, Literature), but in 1939 Konstantin Simonov was sent as a war correspondent to Khalkin Gol in Mongolia and did not return to the institute. In 1940, the first play was written ("The Story of a Love"), which premiered on the stage of the Theater. Lenin Komsomol. During the year, Konstantin Simonov studied at the courses of war correspondents at the Military-Political Academy, receiving the military rank of quartermaster of the second rank. Wife - actress Valentina Serova (maiden name - Polovikova; first husband - pilot, Hero of the Soviet Union Anatoly Serov)

From the first days of the Great Patriotic War, Konstantin Simonov was in the army: he was his own correspondent for the newspapers Krasnaya Zvezda, Pravda, Komsomolskaya Pravda, Battle Banner, etc. In 1942, Konstantin Simonov was awarded the title of senior battalion commissar, in 1943 - rank of lieutenant colonel, and after the war - colonel. As a war correspondent, he visited all fronts, was in Romania, Bulgaria, Yugoslavia, Poland, Germany, witnessed the last battles for Berlin. In 1942, the first film was shot based on the script by Konstantin Simonov ("A Guy from Our City"). After the war, for three years he was on numerous foreign business trips in Japan (1945-1946), the USA, and China. In 1946-1950 - editor of the magazine "New World". In 1950-1954 he was again appointed editor of Literaturnaya Gazeta. In 1954-1958 - Konstantin Simonov was again appointed editor of the Novy Mir magazine. In 1958-1960 he lived in Tashkent as a correspondent for Pravda in the republics of Central Asia. In 1952, the first novel ("Comrades in Arms") was written. Ten plays were written between 1940 and 1961. Konstantin Simonov died on August 28, 1979 in Moscow. The ashes of Simonov, at his request, were scattered over the places of especially memorable battles during the Great Patriotic War.

Steps of promotion of Konstantin Simonov on the party and public ladder. Since 1942 - member of the CPSU. In 1952-1956 - a candidate member of the Central Committee of the CPSU. In 1956-1961 and since 1976 - a member of the Central Audit Commission of the CPSU. In 1946-1954 - Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the 2nd and 3rd convocations. In 1946-1954 - Deputy Secretary General of the Board of the Writers' Union of the USSR. In 1954-1959 and in 1967-1979 - Secretary of the Board of the Writers' Union of the USSR. Since 1949 - Member of the Presidium of the Soviet Peace Committee. Konstantin Simonov was awarded orders and medals, including 3 Orders of Lenin. Hero of Socialist Labor (1974). He was awarded the Lenin Prize (1974), the State (Stalin) Prize of the USSR (1942, 1943, 1946, 1947, 1949, 1950).

Among the works of Konstantin Simonov are novels, short stories, plays, stories, scripts for feature and documentary films, poems, poems, diaries, travel essays, articles on literary and social topics: "The Winner" (1937; a poem about Nikolai Ostrovsky), "Pavel Cherny "(1938; a poem glorifying the builders of the White Sea-Baltic Canal), "Battle on the Ice" (1938; poem), "Suvorov" (1939; poem), "The Story of One Love" (1940; play; premiere - at the Theater. Lenin Komsomol), "A guy from our city" (1941; play; in 1942 - State Prize of the USSR; in 1942 - the film of the same name), "Russian People" (1942; play; was published in the newspaper Pravda; at the end of 1942 the premiere the play was successfully held in New York; in 1943 - the State Prize of the USSR; in 1943 - the film "In the name of the Motherland"), "With you and without you" (1942; collection of poems), "Wait for me" (1943; film script ), "Days and Nights" (1943-1944; story; in 1946 - State Prize of the USSR; in 1945 - the film of the same name), "So and will be" (play), "War" (1944; collection of poems), "The Russian Question" (1946; play; in 1947 - State Prize of the USSR; in 1948 - the film of the same name), "Smoke of the Fatherland" (1947; story), "Friends and Enemies" (1948; collection of poems; in 1949 - State Prize of the USSR), "Alien Shadow" (1949; play; in 1950 - State Prize of the USSR), "Comrades in Arms" (1952; novel; new edition - in 1971; novel), "The Living and the Dead" (1954- 1959; novel; part 1 of the trilogy "The Living and the Dead"; in 1964 - the film of the same name, awarded the State Prize of the RSFSR in 1966), "Southern Tales" (1956-1961), "The Immortal Garrison" (1956; film script), "Normandy - Neman" (1960; screenplay for a Soviet-French film), "The Fourth" (1961; play; premiered at the Sovremennik Theatre), "Soldiers Are Not Born" (1963-1964; novel; part 2 of the trilogy "The Living and the Dead" ; in 1969 - the film "Retribution"), "From the Notes of Lopatin" (1965; a series of stories), "If your home is dear to you" (1967; script and text of the documentary film), "Grenada, Grenada, My Grenada" (1968; documentary film, film poem; Prize of the All-Union Film Festival), "Last Summer" (1970-1971; novel; 3rd part of the trilogy "The Living and the Dead"), "The Case with Polynin" (1971; film script), "Twenty Days Without War" (1972; story; in 1977 - film of the same name), "There is no other person's grief" (1973; film script), "A soldier was walking" (1975; film script), "Soldier's memoirs" (1976; TV movie script), "Reflections on Stalin", "Through the Eyes of a Man my generation" (memoirs; an attempt to explain the author's active participation in the ideological life of the Soviet Union in 1940-1950; published in 1988), "Letters from Czechoslovakia" (collection of essays), "Slavic Friendship" (collection of essays), "Yugoslav Notebook" (collection of essays), "From the Black Sea to the Barents Sea. Notes of a War Correspondent" (collection of essays).

Sources of information:

Konstantin Simonov. Collected works in six volumes. Preface. Moscow: Fiction, 1966

Biography

Simonov Konstantin (Kirill) Mikhailovich (b. 15 (28) .11.1915, Petrograd), Russian Soviet writer, public figure, Hero of Socialist Labor (1974). Member of the CPSU since 1942. He graduated from the Literary Institute. M. Gorky (1938). Published since 1934. The feeling of an impending war was realized in the poems "The Winner" (1937) about N. Ostrovsky, "Battle on the Ice" (1938), "Suvorov" (1939). In the prewar years, the main theme of S. was formed - the theme of courage and heroism, the bearers of which are people who are mentally involved in the turbulent events of their era (the plays The Story of One Love, 1940, A Boy from Our City, 1941, State Prize of the USSR, 1942 , film of the same name, 1942).

During the Great Patriotic War at the front (correspondent of the newspaper "Red Star"). He was one of the first to turn to the theme of the Russian man in the war (the play "Russian People", 1942, the State Prize of the USSR, 1943; the story "Days and Nights", 1943-44, the State Prize of the USSR, 1946, the film of the same name, 1945).

S.'s lyrics gained wide popularity during the war years ("Do you remember, Alyosha, the roads of the Smolensk region ...", "Wait for me", "Kill him!" and others, poems from the collections "With you and without you", 1942, " War", 1944, etc.), where the motives of patriotism, courage and heroism are combined with the motives of front-line friendship, love, loyalty.

The period of the Cold War was reflected in S.'s work with the creation of ideologically relevant works (the plays The Russian Question, 1946, USSR State Prize, 1947; Alien Shadow, 1949, USSR State Prize, 1950; the book of poems Friends and Enemies, 1948, State Prize of the USSR, 1949).

Since the mid 50s. (following the novel "Comrades in Arms", 1952, new edition 1971) S. creates the trilogy "The Living and the Dead" (Lenin Prize, 1974): the novels "The Living and the Dead" (1954-59, film of the same name, 1964), " Soldiers are not born "(1963-64, the film -" Retribution ", 1969) and" The Last Summer "(1970-71) - an epic broad artistic study of the path of owls. people to victory in the Great Patriotic War, in which the author sought to combine two plans - a reliable "chronicle" of the main events of the war, seen through the eyes of their witness and participant (Serpilin, Sintsov), and an analysis of these events from the point of view of their modern understanding and assessment. The material trilogy is joined by Southern Tales (1956-61), the novels From Lopatin's Notes (1965), Twenty Days Without War (1972), a number of publications of S.'s diaries of the war years with contemporary author's comments, etc.

He also published the story "Smoke of the Fatherland" (1947), the play "The Fourth" (1961) and many other plays, scripts for feature and documentary films, poems, books, travel essays, articles and speeches on literary and social topics. Many of S.'s works have been translated into the languages of the peoples of the USSR and foreign languages. S.'s social activity is active and multifaceted: editor of Literaturnaya Gazeta (1938, 1950-54), Novy Mir magazine (1946-50, 1954-58), deputy general secretary of the board of the Union of Writers of the USSR (1946-54). Candidate member of the Central Committee of the CPSU (1952-56), member of the Central Audit Commission of the CPSU (1956-61 and since 1976). Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the 2nd and 3rd convocations. Member of the Presidium of the Soviet committee for the defense of peace (since 1949). Secretary of the Board of the Union of Writers of the USSR (1954-59 and since 1967). He was awarded 3 Orders of Lenin, 5 other Orders, as well as medals.

Op.: Sobr. soch., v. 1-6, M., 1966-70.

Lit .: Vishnevskaya I. L., Konstantin Simonov. Sketch of creativity, M., 1966; Fradkina S., Creativity of Konstantin Simonov, M., 1968; Lazarev L. I., Military prose of Konstantin Simonov, M., 1975; Russian Soviet prose writers. Bio-bibliographic index, v. 4, M., 1966.

G. A. Belaya.

Simonov, Konstantin Mikhailovich- Konstantin Mikhailovich Simonov. SIMONOV Konstantin (Kirill) Mikhailovich (1915 - 79), Russian writer, public figure. Poems, intimate and civil lyrics (poems Do you remember, Alyosha, the roads of the Smolensk region ... and Wait for me, 1941; collection C ... ... Illustrated Encyclopedic Dictionary

SIMONOV Konstantin Mikhailovich- (real name Kirill) (11/28/1915, St. Petersburg 08/28/1979, Moscow), Russian writer, public figure, Hero of Socialist Labor (1974). Laureate of the Lenin Prize of the USSR (1974), Stalin Prizes (1942, 1943, 1946, 1947, 1949, 1950). Graduated… … Cinema Encyclopedia

SIMONOV Konstantin Mikhailovich- SIMONOV Konstantin (Kirill) Mikhailovich (1915-79), Russian writer, public figure, Hero of Socialist Labor (1974). Poems, collections of intimate and civil lyrics (“With You and Without You”, 1942; “Friends and Enemies”, 1948). epic… … encyclopedic Dictionary

Simonov Konstantin Mikhailovich- (1915 79), Russian. owls. Writer. In his poems, starting from the 30s, motifs dating back to patriotic sound distinctly. lyrics L. In painting verse. "Motherland" (1941), in composition. the ratio of long-range and near plans, the panorama of Rodina L. is recognizable. “a couple ... ... Lermontov Encyclopedia

Simonov Konstantin Mikhailovich- Simonov Konstantin (Kirill) Mikhailovich [b. 15 (28) 11.1915, Petrograd], Russian Soviet writer, public figure, Hero of Socialist Labor (1974). Member of the CPSU since 1942. He graduated from the Literary Institute. M. Gorky (1938). Printed from... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia

SIMONOV Konstantin Mikhailovich- SIMONOV Konstantin (Kirill) Mikhailovich (1915-79) Russian writer, public figure, Hero of Socialist Labor (1974). Poems, collections of intimate and civil lyrics (With you and without you, 1942; Friends and Enemies, 1948). epic… … Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

Simonov Konstantin Mikhailovich- ... Wikipedia

Konstantin Mikhailovich Simonov- Simonov Konstantin Mikhailovich Birth name: Kirill Date of birth: November 28, 1915 Place of birth: Petrograd ... Wikipedia

Simonov, Konstantin- Wikipedia has articles about other people with that surname, see Simonov. Simonov, Konstantin: Simonov, Konstantin Vasilievich Russian political scientist, president of the Center for Current Politics in Russia. Simonov, Konstantin Mikhailovich (real name Kirill) ... ... Wikipedia

Simonov Konstantin (Kirill) Mikhailovich- (1915, Petrograd - 1979, Moscow), writer, public figure, Hero of Socialist Labor (1974). Studied in the name of N.G. Chernyshevsky (MIFLI), then in (graduated in 1938). From the first days of the Great Patriotic War in the army; was… … Moscow (encyclopedia)

- (real name Kirill) (11/28/1915, St. Petersburg 08/28/1979, Moscow), Russian writer, public figure, Hero of Socialist Labor (1974). Laureate of the Lenin Prize of the USSR (1974), Stalin Prizes (1942, 1943, 1946, 1947, 1949, 1950). Graduated… … Cinema Encyclopedia

SIMONOV Konstantin (Kirill) Mikhailovich (1915-79), Russian writer, public figure, Hero of Socialist Labor (1974). Poems, collections of intimate and civil lyrics (“With You and Without You”, 1942; “Friends and Enemies”, 1948). epic… … encyclopedic Dictionary

- (1915 79), Russian. owls. Writer. In his poems, starting from the 30s, motifs dating back to patriotic sound distinctly. lyrics L. In painting verse. "Motherland" (1941), in composition. the ratio of long-range and near plans, the panorama of Rodina L. is recognizable. “a couple ... ... Lermontov Encyclopedia

Simonov Konstantin (Kirill) Mikhailovich [b. 15 (28) 11.1915, Petrograd], Russian Soviet writer, public figure, Hero of Socialist Labor (1974). Member of the CPSU since 1942. He graduated from the Literary Institute. M. Gorky (1938). Printed from... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia

SIMONOV Konstantin (Kirill) Mikhailovich (1915-79) Russian writer, public figure, Hero of Socialist Labor (1974). Poems, collections of intimate and civil lyrics (With you and without you, 1942; Friends and Enemies, 1948). epic… … Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

- ... Wikipedia

Simonov Konstantin Mikhailovich Birth name: Kirill Date of birth: November 28, 1915 Place of birth: Petrograd ... Wikipedia

Wikipedia has articles about other people with that surname, see Simonov. Simonov, Konstantin: Simonov, Konstantin Vasilievich Russian political scientist, president of the Center for Current Politics in Russia. Simonov, Konstantin Mikhailovich (real name Kirill) ... ... Wikipedia

- (1915, Petrograd - 1979, Moscow), writer, public figure, Hero of Socialist Labor (1974). Studied in the name of N.G. Chernyshevsky (MIFLI), then in (graduated in 1938). From the first days of the Great Patriotic War in the army; was… … Moscow (encyclopedia)