How many years does a Turkish carnation live. Turkish carnation is an unpretentious beauty. Turkish terry carnation

Turkish carnation flower is a longtime favorite of gardeners. It is cold-resistant, picky, grows well in the shade and is easy to care for. With all this, the main advantage of this flower is its inflorescences of a wide variety of shades.

Turkish carnation blooms early. But here it all depends only on the grower: whether he carried out the cultivation of Turkish carnations from seeds on his own or will plant ready-made seedlings.

Turkish carnation flower: outdoor cultivation

Seeds in open ground are sown already in late May or early autumn. First you need to prepare the soil for planting.

There are several rules, the observance of which guarantees successful seedlings:

We choose a sunny or semi-shady area with good fertile soil rich in minerals.
For two weeks, we dig the soil, loosen it and cover it with a film.
Seeding is best done in cool weather.
We make grooves for future seedlings. If there are several, try to leave a gap of 15 cm between them.
We sow the seeds in the prepared furrows and lightly sprinkle with earth, so that the wind and birds cannot reach them.
When planting, it is important to observe the distance between the seeds - 2-3 cm, depth - 1 cm.
Moisten the ground slightly with a spray gun and cover with non-woven material.

When planting in the autumn, make sure that both the seeds and the planting furrows are dry, otherwise the Turkish beauty will die during the first frosts.

The first shoots will appear on the tenth day after planting. And after another 10-15 days, young flowers can dive to a new place. Do not forget to cover the seedlings until they gain strength.

Turkish carnation seedlings acquire their final place of residence in August. It was then that the already grown young growth is transplanted to a permanent site, where they will grow.

Turkish carnation: growing from seedlings

Seedlings should be started in March. This is the only way you will have time to plant it in open ground in time.

For planting, you can use ready-made soil mixture for seedlings, but it is better to cook it yourself. To do this, it will be necessary to mix peat, river sand and soddy soil in a ratio of 2: 1: 2.

We steam the soil, prepare high-quality drainage, take care of the holes at the bottom of the planting tank.
Having slightly moistened the soil, we begin to sow the seeds, which we then sprinkle with a small amount of sand.
We cover the planted material with a film and grow it at a temperature of 18 degrees.
Watering the seeds should be as moderate as possible.

With proper planting, the first shoots will not be long in coming.

As soon as the seeds sprout, it is necessary to move them to a place with a cooler climate. So that the temperature was about 12 degrees. If possible, provide the seedlings with an additional source of light until the end of March.

As soon as the first leaves appear, you can dive the young growth one by one into separate pots.

Seedlings are planted in open ground at the end of May.

Video: Turkish carnation flower, growing from seeds. When to plant?

Grow flowers with love. Already in the summer they will answer you in return.

There are plants that can be grown without even having any knowledge of gardening and special skills. One has only to read the information about such flowers, stock up on planting material and some additional equipment. If you follow the recommendations of experienced gardeners, then soon you can admire the bright flowers in your backyard. Turkish cloves are just such easy-to-grow plants, today we will discuss growing them at home from seeds. We will also clarify when it is best to plant Turkish cloves in open ground.

Turkish carnation is a fairly popular flowering plant that has very bright and attractive flowers, is characterized by a long flowering period and unpretentiousness. The flowering period of such a culture lasts a little more than a month and begins in mid-July. Small flowers reach a diameter of one to one and a half centimeters. They fold into dense inflorescences, the size of which is ten to twelve centimeters. Flowers can be painted in a variety of colors, for example, they are plain - white, red, burgundy or pink. It is also possible two-color or three-color coloring, with a different pattern.

In the photo, Turkish cloves

Usually in the ground, Turkish cloves are grown as a biennial plant. In the first season, such a culture forms a rosette of leaves, and in the second, flower stalks arise from them.

How to grow Turkish cloves from seed at home?

Usually, Turkish carnation seeds are sown directly in open ground. But some gardeners are engaged in the seedling method of propagation of this plant. It is worth noting that clove seeds, with proper preparation and proper sowing, hatch quite quickly, and they should not be kept indoors for a long time. Therefore, you can start growing seedlings closer to mid-late May.

In order for Turkish cloves to germinate well and quickly at home, readers of “Popular about Health” need to first prepare the soil. To do this, combine equal proportions of garden soil and sand, moisten the resulting mixture, pour it into a seedling box, compact it a little and tighten it with polyethylene. After two or three days, the soil must be loosened, sprayed and covered again with a film. After another two days, the procedure must be repeated. After a week, the film shelter should be completely removed and the seeds of the plant should be sown.

First of all, you need to draw grooves on the entire surface of the soil so that the interval between them is three to three and a half centimeters. The optimal depth of the grooves is no more than one and a half centimeters. Pour the grooves with a solution of potassium permanganate, then scatter the seeds into them with a thin strip. Grind them with a small layer of soil or coarse sand. Tighten the seedling boxes with polyethylene or cover with glass and send to a dark, but warm enough place. The optimum temperature for seed germination will be a temperature of twenty-three degrees.

Usually the first seedlings appear two weeks after sowing. After that, they must be thinned out (with high seed germination). To avoid the need for thinning, you need to initially sow the seeds at intervals of two to three centimeters. But at the same time, there is no guarantee that they will all rise.

After the fourth week has passed since sowing, it is worth planting seedlings in separate containers. If a stable warm temperature has been established on the street, you can immediately transfer them to open ground. But at the same time, it is still worth covering the ground with polyethylene so that young plants do not suffer from a decrease in temperature at night.

Transplantation of Turkish carnation seedlings in open ground is carried out after the threat of night cold has completely passed. This manipulation is performed only in the evening, when the sun is inactive. The soil on the site will also not be superfluous to treat with potassium permanganate.

Features of planting in open ground

Planting young plants on the site should be carried out at intervals of five to seven centimeters between individual seedlings. After the plants grow up to one and a half months of age, it is worth removing the shelter from them. And in especially strong heat, it is better to get rid of it earlier, but to build a fabric canopy over the plantings to shade them in the very sun. After all, young Turkish carnation plants can die from excessive heat.

That is why many flower growers recommend planting well-grown seedlings in the garden only in the month of August, when the sun is no longer so hot. Sometimes such manipulations are performed even in early September. But in this case, the plant does not need to be excessively moistened, and if there is a threat of near cold weather, it is worthwhile to properly insulate the soil near the seedlings with leaves and grass, or with special covering materials.

It is best to grow Turkish cloves in those parts of the garden that are in natural shading and are not blown by the winds. Such a plant feels good near tall perennials.

For the winter, young plants need to be mulched with peat or humus (the optimal thickness of the mulch is eight to ten centimeters), and also covered with spruce branches. In the spring, the shelter must be removed after the start of active growth, but shading should be organized.

Turkish carnation is not a very fussy plant that can be easily grown from seeds.

Turkish carnation is a real find for the gardener! An unpretentious, long-flowering plant with bright inflorescences and a delicate aroma, the carnation does not leave anyone indifferent. How is the cultivation of Turkish cloves from seeds: when to plant and how to care for it?

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Carnation is an ornamental biennial plant with corymbose inflorescences up to 10 cm in diameter. They are formed by flowers no larger than 2 cm in size. Flowers in inflorescences of simple varieties consist of 5 petals, terry - of 8-10 petals. Depending on the variety, the carnation is divided into undersized (15–20 cm) and tall (40–60 cm).

The popularity of the flower can be easily explained. First, captivating bright and unusual colors. The palette includes all shades from noble burgundy to the most delicate pink tones, but there are also pure white flowers. Often the flowers show borders, stripes or strokes of a contrasting shade, creating a complex interesting color.

Secondly, the plant is cold hardy, so the carnation will begin to please with flowers in the spring and will continue to bloom until the end of July.

Finally, thirdly, clove is not capricious at all. Care for the grown flower is minimal, but the growing process itself will take time and effort. The density of germination and the health of flowers depend on the proper preparation of seeds before.

There are two ways to grow cloves: seeds or seedlings. Planting seeds in the ground is carried out in the winter, while it is important that the land is dry when planting. Otherwise, with the onset of cold weather, the seeds will freeze and will not be able to germinate in the spring. The disadvantage of this method is that when sowing, there is a high probability of distributing the seeds unevenly. Then in the spring part of the sprouts may die from crowding.

To obtain lush healthy flowers, experienced gardeners recommend first growing seedlings, swooping down on them, and closer to autumn, transplanting strengthened sprouts to a permanent place. It is better to start planting seeds in March - early April in order to have time to transplant seedlings before the heat wave. A few steps on how to grow a Turkish carnation:

Soil preparation. To speed up the germination of seeds, it is recommended to prepare the soil in advance. To do this, garden soil and sand are mixed in equal proportions, moisten the soil, spread the mixture into a container and tighten it with a film. After 2-3 days, the soil is loosened, moistened and again left under the film. This procedure must be repeated a couple more times with a break of two days, and after that the soil will be ready for planting.
Sowing. The method of planting Turkish carnation seeds is no different from the method of planting any other flower. The prepared soil is loosened, moistened and divided into several furrows (the depth of the groove is not more than 1 cm, the distance between them is about 4 cm). Seeds are placed in each groove in a uniform thin layer and covered with sand. Containers are stored under a film in heat, excluding direct sunlight. Watering requires moderate, it is best to spray the soil from a spray bottle with warm settled water.
Germination. Sprouts will start to appear very quickly. Usually they hatch already on the 7-10th day, but they can stay up to 2 weeks. At this stage, the seedlings are removed to a cool place with additional lighting. If the conditions were more than favorable, the seeds will sprout too thickly and will have to be thinned out.
Pick. When the first leaves appear on the sprouts, Turkish carnation seedlings can be transplanted into separate cups. You can also transplant into one common tub, but then between the seedlings it is worth keeping a distance of 5-8 cm. It is better to transplant in a cool place or do it in the evening. After picking, the sprouts still need to be covered with a film. When the seedlings get stronger and grow up, the protection can be removed.
Landing in the ground. In August, seedlings can be planted in open ground in a permanent place. Before planting, the soil is disinfected with a solution of potassium permanganate. Transplantation is carried out carefully so as not to damage the root system. A distance of 20–30 cm is left between the sprouts. It is important not to miscalculate over time so that the carnation has time to take root before the first cold weather.

If weather conditions permit, seedlings can be dived immediately into open ground. The actions are similar: in the evening or on a cool day, the soil must be disinfected, moistened, and seedlings should be planted at a distance of about 10 cm. At night, the sprouts must be covered with a film to avoid hypothermia.

When planning a flower bed, it should be remembered that after sowing, the flower will bloom only in the second year.

There are times when carnations bloom in the first year, but this happens very rarely. More often in the first year, only the formation of a bush occurs, and the next carnation grows to its normal size and blooms by mid-June. A healthy bush lives on average about 5 years.

The carnation does not tolerate the bright sun; shaded places will please her more. It blooms well on fertile soil enriched with humus, ash or mineral fertilizers.

Before wintering, young sprouts are covered with greenhouse material or spruce branches. In particularly cold areas, the soil can be mulched with humus or peat before winter. With the onset of heat, the insulation is removed and, if necessary, shading is arranged.

In care, it is important to follow a few rules:

Apply high quality fertilizers;
Loosen and mulch the soil;
Water regularly.

In the spring and during the growth period, the carnation will like organic fertilizers: peat, ash, humus. Before the first flowering, the flower should be fed with a complex fertilizer for flowering plants. You need to repeat the procedure when the buds are set and during flowering. It will also be useful to fertilize before wintering, providing the plant with nutrients for the upcoming cold period.

Carnation is prone to the development of root rot, so it is important to ensure the supply of oxygen to the roots: regularly loosen the ground around the plant, remove weeds and damaged shoots.

You also need to carefully consider the plant after heavy rain: perhaps the plant will be heavily flooded with water or the roots will be washed out. In this case, the soil around the flower must be loosened, sprinkled with new earth if necessary, and the lower shoots should be treated with copper sulphate.

Watering the plant is best done once a week, on hot dry days - once every 5 days. Water should be in moderation, excessive moisture increases the risk of rot. The volume of water is taken at the rate of 12 liters per 1 sq.m. Basically moisten the soil around the flower, the plant itself is best left dry. Closer to autumn, watering is gradually reduced.

The root system usually suffers from bears and mice. The former destroy it by building passages to the nests, the latter feed on the roots during frosts. You can escape from the bear by digging the entire area or setting a trap for them. In the fight against mice, poison bait located near the flowers will help. In winter, to prevent undermining, you can trample the snow around the bush.

In addition to rot, the plant is often affected by fungi. If the leaves begin to turn yellow and wither, and the flowers stop blooming, then the carnation is ill with fusarium. With such a disease, the vascular system of the flower suffers.

The flower is immediately removed from the flower bed, and as a preventive measure, the rest of the plants are treated with any fungicide.

Another fungal disease - rust - manifests itself with excess moisture. The plant becomes covered with yellow-brown spots, fades and dries. If the disease has only manifested itself, the flower should be treated with "HOM" in accordance with the instructions.

With proper care, Turkish carnation will decorate any, even the most gray corner of the garden. Low-growing varieties will bring bright colors to the alpine hill, tall ones will become an excellent hedge. Proper care will allow you to enjoy this beauty for many years.

How and when to plant a carnation in more detail on the video:

Carnation bearded ( Dianthus barbatus) is a herbaceous plant of the Clove family.

stems: non-flowering, creeping on the ground.

Peduncles: straight, strong, knotty, 20-60 cm high.

Leaves: sessile, lanceolate, opposite. Depending on the variety, they can be light green, dark green or reddish.

Flower color: white, cream, pink, red, burgundy, motley, often with an eye and a border. Velvety flowers, exuding a light aroma, consist of 5 petals, the size of an individual flower is 1.5-2.5 cm. Simple or double flowers are collected in apical dense thyroid inflorescences with a diameter of 8-12 cm.

Bloom: begins in late May-early June and lasts 1-1.5 months.

Fetus: cylindrical box. Seeds remain viable for 3-5 years.

Where is the best place to plant barbatus?

Barbatus prefers light, non-acidic soils rich in nutrients. Differs in cold resistance and frost resistance.

Requires good drainage, does not tolerate stagnant water.

Unlike other types of carnation, it is undemanding to light, it can bloom in partial shade, but in shading, flowering is less plentiful.

The plant is perennial, in culture it is bred as a biennial - in the first year it forms a rosette of leaves, in the second - flowers.

Turkish clove propagation methods

Turkish carnation is propagated by seeds, green cuttings, layering, dividing the bush.

seed way

Seeds are sown at the end of May, seedlings appear in two weeks. In early August, the developed rosettes are transplanted to a permanent place at a distance of 20-30 cm.

It is possible to sow the seeds immediately in July in a permanent place, thin out the seedlings, and cover young plants for the winter with spruce branches.

Our advice:

When propagated by seed in terry varieties, some plants turn out to be non-terry, and undersized varieties give part of tall plants.

Reproduction by green cuttings

Therefore, especially valuable varieties of Turkish cloves are best propagated by green cuttings.

They are cut in June, rooted in the garden, periodically spraying.

The cuttings take root after 3 weeks, and in the fall they can be transplanted to a permanent place.

How to propagate by layering?

It is even easier to propagate barbatus by layering. In late July-early August, creeping stems are sprinkled with earth (shallow cuts can be made on the stem for better rooting).

The top of the stem is tied to a peg to keep it upright. After 5 weeks, rooted layers are cut off from the mother plant and planted in place.

Our advice:

In order for this carnation to develop as a perennial, you need to sprinkle with nutrient soil all young shoots that have long bare stems.

With this method of reproduction, carnations can live and bloom well in one place for up to 10 years.

Ease of maintenance

In order for the carnation to bloom profusely and for a long time, the soil is fertilized with rotted manure or compost. Fresh manure can be applied in autumn.

Turkish carnation is responsive to fertilizing with mineral fertilizers.

Lack of nitrogen causes yellowing of the leaves and stunting. With a deficiency of potassium, the stems become fragile, flexible, the leaves die off. With a lack of phosphorus, seed ripening slows down.

decorative use

Barbatus is planted in flowerbeds, in flowerbeds, used as a border plant. This carnation looks good in separate bright groups on the lawn and in containers.

Low-growing varieties add charm to rocky gardens.

Variety of varieties and species

At the bearded carnation ( Dianthus barbatus) many different varieties in color and height. The most famous:

Schneeball - bushes up to 40 cm tall, double flowers, white, with a jagged edge, inflorescences up to 11 cm in diameter;
Diadem - bushes up to 45 cm tall, dark crimson flowers with a large white eye, inflorescences up to 10 cm in diameter;
Heimatland - 45-50 cm high, shoots and leaves are dark green with a red tint, flowers up to 2 cm in diameter, dark red with a pronounced eye, inflorescences up to 12 cm in diameter;
Kupferrot - 45-50 cm high, copper-red flowers with a jagged edge, inflorescences 9-10 cm in diameter.

Old varieties are also popular:

Mazurka - with white non-double flowers with a pinkish ring;
Fiery heart - with bright red flowers;
Midget - a dwarf variety with dark red flowers;
Coal - with black-raspberry-violet flowers with white stamens.

Of the novelties of foreign selection, it is worth noting the English variety mixtures Wee Willy, Rondo, Roundabout, they are distinguished by dwarf growth (15-20 cm).

Tall, up to 60 cm, the Holland variety type is notable for its two-color flowers with rings or colored edges. Dutch breeders have also bred the Turkish carnation of the Noverna series, which blooms in the first year, it can be grown as an annual.

Tina Simkovic
© Magazine "Ogorodnik"
Photo: depositphotos.com

Since ancient times, carnation has been a favorite of flower growers in many countries. The smell of a flowering culture is similar to the aroma of the buds of a clove tree - a well-known spice. Hence the name of this flower. But from the Greek language, the name of the plant is translated as "divine flower" or "flower of Zeus."

If you decide to plant a carnation in your flower garden, then you need to know some rules for growing, caring for and propagating this flower in the open field. Numerous photos of these wonderful plants will help you choose a variety.

Medium-sized, but catchy Turkish carnation flowers will look great in any flower bed.

Description of Turkish clove

Turkish cloves are one of the most common types of flower-grown crops. She fell in love with gardeners back in the 16th century for her bright flowering hats. This ornamental plant comes in a variety of colors. There are both monochromatic white and various shades of red, and two- and even three-color with various patterns on the petals of medium-sized (1–1.5 cm in diameter) flowers. The designs range from petal borders to eyes and intricate shapes. Yes, and the petals of the carnation themselves are very diverse. There are also five-petal varieties, and varieties with double flowers. Carnations bloom from the beginning of summer for a month.

Planting a carnation

The most beautiful Turkish carnation grows on fertile soil. It blooms well in open sunny areas, but will grow in partial shade. If fertilizers are added to sandy and loamy soils, then they are quite suitable for Turkish cloves. Before planting, compost or humus, ash, mineral fertilizers are introduced into the soil when digging.

It is not necessary to dig the future bed too deeply, 25-30 cm is enough. Then the bed is leveled and moistened if the soil is dry. The prepared area is covered with a dense cloth for two weeks. When the time has passed, you can start planting flowers.

If the soil is fertile enough - the flowering of the carnation will be long and lush.

Seeds are sown in furrows up to 1.5 cm deep. Between the furrows, the gaps must be at least 15 cm. Seeds are sown in the furrows, watered and sprinkled with earth. The soil needs to be lightly compacted. Watering is no longer needed, you just need to cover the bed with a thick cloth until the first shoots.

You can plant carnations both in spring and autumn. It is performed using the same technology.

Attention. During autumn planting, both seeds and furrows should be dry.

Turkish clove care

As already noted, carnations feel best in sunny areas in fertile soils. These flowers are very sensitive to winter temperature fluctuations. This is especially true for young plants. Turkish cloves do not tolerate waterlogging and stagnant water.

Plants are most at risk in early spring, when temperature fluctuations are especially great, because during the day the plants heat up in the sun, and it freezes at night. So that the plants do not die during this period, non-frost-resistant varieties should be covered with spruce branches. You can remove the shelter only when the likelihood of returning frosts disappears.

Protect Turkish Cloves from Frost

When the carnation fades, the stems must be cut and fertilized in the soil. Thus, in a month the plant will already grow new stems, and some varieties will bloom again. Turkish carnation, which is cultivated according to all the rules, lives up to six years, while poor conditions reduce its residence time in the flower garden to three years.

Carnations need to be watered once or twice a week. And if the summer is dry, then the amount of watering needs to be increased. Water the plant on the ground, because if drops of water fall on the flower, it can burn out in the sun.

Attention. Carnation does not tolerate waterlogging.

Fertilizer and top dressing

Turkish carnation, planting and caring for which were described above, also needs to be fed. When growing cloves in open ground, the first feeding of the plant is done when it has reached a height of 10 cm. 1 tbsp is used as a fertilizer. l. nitrophoska and 1 tbsp. l. "Agricola Forward", diluted in 10 liters of warm water.

Feed the crop several times per season

When your flowers began to acquire buds, you need to carry out a second top dressing. This time you need to use 1 tbsp. l. potassium sulfate and the same amount of superphosphate, also diluted in 10 liters of water.

The third top dressing is applied directly during the flowering period of the carnation for 10 liters of water, 1 tbsp. l. fertilizer "Agricola for flowering plants".

Attention. Feeding consumption should be 10 liters per 5 square meters. m.

Plant propagation

Reproduction of Turkish cloves is most often carried out by seeds or layering. In order to propagate cloves by layering, you need to follow a simple algorithm of actions:

in July or August, the shoots must be tilted to the ground, fixed and sprinkled with soil;
tie the stem to the peg, keeping it upright;
take care of the shoots that will appear in a few weeks;
in autumn, new shoots must be cut off and planted in open ground.

Turkish Clove Seeds

Another way to propagate Turkish cloves is cuttings. To do this, I most often use shoots that have not formed inflorescences this year.

You can also use as seedlings bushes that have grown in open ground as a result of self-seeding of cloves. They just need to be transplanted to the place you need. However, it is worth remembering that self-sowing often loses the distinctive features of varieties.

Diseases and pests of Turkish cloves

Turkish carnation is a disease resistant plant, but occasionally, mainly in the southern regions, it can get a viral disease that is spread by sucking insects. It manifests itself in the inhibition of flower growth, the appearance of a mosaic color on the leaves with their subsequent deformation. In this case, the diseased plant must be immediately destroyed, preventing infection of other bushes.

spider mite

Also occasionally found in Turkish carnation heterosporiosis. This fungal disease appears on the leaves and stems as small gray spots. Sometimes the spots have a red border. Subsequently, the spots brighten and merge with each other. In this case, the flower becomes fragile in the place of accumulation of spots, the leaves turn yellow and die. The fungus lives on the plant even after it has died, therefore, in case of infection, all remnants of the diseased flower must be carefully removed, and the plants surrounding it must be treated with Bordeaux liquid or copper oxychloride.

Of the pests, Turkish cloves planted in open ground can be attacked spider mites and aphids.

Turkish carnation in a flower bed

The simplest and most reliable means of confronting these pests is considered to be tincture of potato tops. To do this, for 10 liters of water, you need 1 kg of potato tops, infused for a day and a half. Before spraying in the tincture, add 1 tbsp. l. liquid soap.

Advice. Spray cloves in cool mornings or evenings.

Turkish carnation in combination with other plants

In flower beds, carnations are recommended to be planted with the same perennial sunflowers. For example, Turkish carnations will go well with Alpine aster, Carpathian bell and rudbeckia. All of these perennial flowers have the same soil, watering requirements and thrive in open sunny areas.

Turkish carnation in landscape design

In landscape design, Turkish carnation is used quite often. A big role in this is played by the ease of care for this flower, combined with its incredible beauty. Carnations are used to create spectacular borders. Can carnations in landscape design and play the role of a lawn and serve as ground cover plants. Bright hats between pavement tiles, framed by steps, and decorating retaining walls will look great.

Turkish carnation in landscape design

Often this flower is also used to decorate alpine slides. In addition to colorful flower beds, you can diversify your landscape design with original monochrome duets, for example, in a combination of red varieties of carnations with blood-red geraniums.

In addition, this flower can be planted in pots and decorate terraces and rooms with small flower beds.

This flower also looks great in cut flowers in bouquets, both as a solo plant and in combination with other flowers.

It all depends on your imagination. And if you lack inspiration - look at the photos with these beautiful flowers, perhaps they will help determine the best place for carnations in the flower garden.

Turkish carnation is one of the most unpretentious garden flowers in its care, which pleases with its bright rich beauty any, even the most capricious grower.