Homemade date palm from stone indoors. Making buttons from date seeds Making figurines from date wood

Nowadays, decorating administrative offices, offices and houses with exotic plants has become especially popular. The most popular plant is decorative palms, which do not bloom. These include the date tree, which requires careful and proper care.

Planting soil

To germinate seeds, flower growers with extensive experience recommend using peat and sand. The soil must be replaced after transplanting. Special soil is sold for palm plants. However, it is recommended to prepare the soil yourself, adding the substances necessary for normal development exotic plant.

To prepare the soil for the date palm, you will need:

• 2 parts of a mixture of clay and turf;
• 2 parts of a mixture of leafy earth and humus;
• 1 part peat;
• 1 part sand
• 1 pinch of charcoal.

Attention! Drainage is required for cultivation. For this, pebbles, expanded clay or other materials are used.

Growing from a bone

The date palm does not tolerate high soil moisture. Therefore, it must be watered so that the soil does not dry out, but also is not constantly wet. In the summer, watering the plant is carried out more often. In winter, for proper watering, you should focus on the drying of the top layer of the soil by 2-3 cm.

The date tree is considered one of the most effective ornamental plants. The only negative is that at home it reproduces only by bones. In the wild, reproduction occurs from root processes.

And yet, a green exotic palm tree in the house can brighten up the expectation of a warm summer in winter. In principle, caring for a tropical culture is not as difficult as it seems at first glance. A caring florist will always receive a healthy look and good growth as a reward from his beloved plant.

The Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings of God be upon him), after reciting the namaz, introduced the sunnah of pronouncing tasbih, that is, praising and exalting the Almighty. The Prophet himself (peace and blessings of God be upon him) kept counting tasbihs along the phalanges of the fingers right hand(Tirmidhi, Dahawat: 24). He also did not mind if the Sahaba considered tasbih on auxiliary fixed elements, such as small stones, date bones, and a string with knots tied on it.

Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) used a rope with knots tied on it, Saad ibn Abu Waqqas (may Allah be pleased with him) used small stones, and the companion from among the Muhajirs Abu Safiyya (may Allah be pleased with him) used the bones of dates ( Abu Nuaim, Hilya 1/383; Ibn Sa'd 7 / 60-3 / 143).

As a Muslim woman, I want to restore as many traditions of our beautiful religion as possible, in particular, to restore the female tradition of needlework - making tasbihs, namazliks with my own hands ( prayer rugs), embroidery on clothing and home textiles, and much more.

Today I will clearly show you how to make tasbihi (rosary) from date stones, like our great-grandmothers. My great-grandmother Bibi-Karima taught them how to make the mullah's family, in which she was brought up as a child to receive secular and religious education, she taught this to my dad, and dad to me. I chose dates of the Ajwa variety, because they grow in Medina, in the gardens of the Prophet Muhammad himself that have survived to this day (peace and blessings of God be upon him). It is interesting that their bones, despite the fact that they have a smaller and wider shape, have a softer structure inside, due to which they are easier to pierce.

For tasbih we need:

- 33 or 99 date pits soaked in water for more than a week.
- 2 intermediate beads.
- a dense thread with a needle with a diameter that fits under the hole of the intermediate beads.
- if you find it, then a special triangular bead connecting 2 strings into one.
- to pierce the bones, you can use an awl, unnecessary nail scissors, a drill with a drill with a diameter of 0.8 mm, pliers (if you work with a red-hot needle).

For the brush:

- floss or thread.
-cardboard (cut a rectangle out of cardboard with a length equal to the length of the brush, 10 cm wide),

Decorative beads of your choice.

How to make tasbeeh:

- We clean the washed damp bones from thin husks with a small knife.

- Carefully drill out the entrance to the bone canal. If using an awl or nail scissors, alternate drilling from one side and the other. It is necessary to periodically clean off sawdust from the scissors blade and turn the scissors no more than 45 ° with forward-rotational movements.

- We string the seeds and intermediate beads on a needle and thread, tie the tasbih tightly or, if there is a triangular bead, thread the threads through it and connect the tasbih with a brush.

How to make a beaded tassel:

- We make cords 1 cm long using a thread.
We put a thread on the thumb and forefingers of the left hand so that the short side (20 cm long) hangs from thumb, with the rest of our fingers we grasp both threads.

With the index finger of the right hand, pull the thread to the right and make a cross so that the thread from the index finger remains below.

With this loop, we intercept the thread from the index finger and tighten it as tight as possible, helping with the middle finger, leaving a new loop for the next knot. So we weave a lace 1 cm long, then, leaving a thread about 30 cm long, cut it off with scissors.

- We make a brush out of cardboard and thread.

We wind the thread on the other side of the cardboard, the length of which you yourself have chosen, thread our lace and seam one end of the lace with the other, using the thread remaining from one end 30 cm long and a needle. We leave the thread with a needle for stringing the beads. Carefully cut off the wound threads from the opposite side, rewind the neck of the brush with a new thread and tie with several knots. Trim the ends of the brush with scissors. We string beads on a string and tie it tightly to the tasbih.

Your first DIY tasbih is ready!

Best wishes, Alsu Sabitova

In each pollinated and normally developed fruit of the date palm, a bone is formed, which is an oblong seed from 1.5 to 5 centimeters in length, depending on the plant variety. Date seeds are dark brown in color, similar to the color of the fruits themselves, and have a longitudinal groove through the entire length, making them look like huge grains.

The main natural function of date seeds is to reproduce and spread the palm trees to new territories. In overcoming distances, date seeds are helped by such natural phenomena as flooding of rivers, characteristic of arid places of storm and wind. In addition, dates-consuming migratory animals and birds are capable of transporting their bones over great distances.

Date seeds are very hard and not eaten by humans, but many other uses have been found for them. Date seeds are usually not used for planting palm plantations; for these purposes, tree shoots are taken, since a palm grown from seed will not have characteristic varietal traits in pure form... On the other hand, it is from the date seeds obtained as a result of inter-varietal crossing that new varieties of date palms are obtained, the best of which become new varieties.

Date stone can be used for growing palm trees for decorative purposes, including at home indoors. Date palms grow in many countries, however, they normally bear fruit in only hot dry regions of Africa, Arabia, the Middle East, and the USA. In the popular resorts of the Mediterranean and Black Seas, you can often find colorful palms growing exclusively for decoration; seed material is also usually used for planting them.

There are also alternative uses for date seeds that are specific to where they are grown. So, date bones are soaked in water until they are softened, and then used to feed horses, camels, sheep, goats and cattle. Dried and crushed bones are used for feeding poultry.

Date seeds contain water up to 9%, proteins up to 5%, fats up to 9%, carbohydrates up to 65%, as well as fiber and other substances. The seeds contain 6% - 8% of a yellow-green, non-drying oil, suitable for use in the production of soaps and cosmetics. Among the fatty acids of this oil are: lauric 8%, myristic 4%, palmitic 25%, stearic 10%, oleic 45%, linoleic 10%, as well as small proportions of caprylic and capric acids.

After chemical processing, date seeds are used as raw materials for the production of oxalic acid. In addition, charcoal is produced from them, after thermal treatment, which consists in their partial combustion. The natives of the East make necklaces and other jewelry from a variety of date seeds.

Tell your friends about it.

The land of date palms.

The beauty and grandeur of date palms

"The queen of the oasis bathes her feet in water, and her beautiful head in the fire of the sun's rays."

The date palm is a worthy alternative to the northern spruce.

Perhaps no plant is so associated with the tropics and subtropics as the palm tree. If we draw a logical chain, then in the row after the words - sea, seagulls, sun, the plural word - palm trees will take its place.

The tree of Life

This is the oldest cultivated plant called "the queen of oases". The date palm is synonymous with life: it protects water bodies from drying out, provides food and shelter for people, animals and birds, fuel and building materials.
In the East, they say that if there is a date palm, then you can live.

The date palm is one of the most beautiful representatives of the pinnate palm. The history of date palm cultivation is associated with ancient peoples. There are a number of versions about the origin of the date palm. The date palm is believed to be native to the Persian Gulf.

Palm symbolism

A plant like a palm tree represents exultation, sun, glory and honesty. The straight trunk of the palm tree symbolizes triumph, blessing and victory. The constancy of the palm tree in its irreplaceable foliage, constant greenery gave a reason to associate the power of the tree with the symbol of victory. It is not for nothing that the palm branch has been awarded to the winner along with a laurel wreath for a long time. The palm tree among the peoples of the territories on which it grows is a tree of life, self-reproducing as if androgynous.

The image of a palm tree without fruit symbolizes the masculine principle and in many cultures is associated with the phallic symbol - the basis of masculine power. The palm tree with dates symbolizes the feminine principle and fertility.
The palm tree, bearing a large number of fruits both at a young and old age, became a symbol of prosperity and longevity in old age.

Different countries endow the palm tree with their own symbolism, so in China the palm tree means dignity, fertility and retirement, in Arabia the palm tree is the tree of life. In Christianity, the palm tree characterizes the righteous, immortality, the triumphal entry of Christ into Jerusalem, divine blessing, paradise, and the triumph of the martyr before death. Separately, palm branches denote triumph and glory, victory over death, sin and resurrection. Early Catholicism associated the palm tree with burial and ranks this plant as a symbol of the person who made the pilgrimage. In Egypt, the palm tree is considered to be a calendar tree that puts out a new branch only once a month. In Greece, the palm tree is the emblem of Apollo of Delos and Delphic.

The real date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is a tree with a straight, shaggy trunk 10-20 meters high. The top is crowned with a rosette of pinnate leaves with leaves up to 45 cm long.

Flowers are yellow or red-orange, often over 1 meter in length. The fruit of the date palm has been known for at least five thousand years. Fruits - dates - oblong berries, 2-7 cm long, with sweet nutritious pulp. On a palm tree, from 3-6 to 20 large clusters of fruits are formed at the same time, on each of which a crop is formed from 7 to 18 kg and an average of 250 kg of dates from a tree.

Trees begin to yield at the age of 10-15 years, and continue to bear fruit for another 100-200 years. Since the male and female buds of the date palm develop on different trees, one male tree is planted per 20-100 female trees to ensure cross-pollination.

The palm tree is drought-tolerant and heat-tolerant, but it needs irrigation. Irrigation during the period of growth and ripening of fruits increases productivity.

The date palm is truly the tree of life. For example, the inhabitants of the desert know how to cook a very large variety of dishes from the fruits of the date palm. From the sap of the palm tree, sugar is obtained and wine is made. Palm cheese is made from young buds and buds. Dry dates are taken with them on the road, as they are light in weight and high in nutritional value. It is believed that dates contain all the necessary substances for a person, and by eating only dates and water, you can live for several years.

Dates - "bread of the desert"

Dates are an amazing fruit, which in many countries is credited with the properties of strengthening human health and prolonging life.

It is said that in China there are centenarians whose diet is exclusively based on dates. In any case, this is a very healthy product, and many nutritionists recommend using it instead of sweets.

In addition, dates have been known since ancient times for their healing properties... They were widely used to fight various cancers, tuberculosis, all sorts of tumors, infectious and other diseases. Dried dates are believed to have a beneficial effect on the brain, increasing its performance by 20% or more.

Dates are one of the most ancient fruits cultivated by man. They still serve as an important element of the diet in many countries of the world due to their excellent taste and unique nutritional properties.

A seed of dates found in an excavation of an object two thousand years ago has been successfully germinated in Israel. This variety of date palms had special healing properties, but disappeared more than 500 years ago.

Images of dates are found on the wall paintings of Egyptian tombs, and in ancient Babylon even wine and vinegar were prepared from them. Dried, dried and fresh dates, rich in minerals and sugar, were the staple of the Bedouin diet.

The fruits of date palms contain a lot of iron, magnesium, phosphorus, mineral salts, vitamins of groups A and B, essential amino acids, protein, etc. Scientists believe that 10 dates a day is enough to provide daily requirement a person in magnesium, copper, sulfur, half of the need for iron, a quarter of the need for calcium.

Some nutritionists argue that one date and a glass of milk can provide a person's minimum nutrient requirements. The 23 amino acids found in dates are not found in most other fruits.

Dried date fruits contain 60-65% sugar - the highest percentage of any other fruit. Moreover, these are mainly glucose and fructose, the consumption of which does not have negative consequences for the human body in comparison with sucrose.

By its nutritional, dietary and medicinal properties dates are equated to cereals. They are useful for adults and children. Fresh dates are added to many dishes - fruit salads, buns, homemade biscuits, pies and cakes. Date honey, sugar, alcoholic date juice are produced from dates, and palm flour is produced from the heart of a tree.

Fresh dates keep well in the refrigerator. Date sugar is much healthier for the body than cane or beet sugar. If you put dried dates in hot milk for a while, their taste improves, and with a filling of butter, nuts, almonds or thick cream, the content of proteins and protein required by the human body increases.

Arabs use dates to make a paste that can be stored all year round. The fruits of dates are also used for the preparation of compotes, muesli, jelly and all kinds of confectionery, they are a great dessert. They can be turned into flour, a kind of honey can be obtained.

After fermentation, a pleasant drink is obtained from them. It should be said that dates do not contain any cholesterol at all. Dates are very beneficial for digestion, they have a cleansing effect on the digestive system. Russian scientist I.I. Mechnikov recommended consuming dates for intestinal disorders.

Since dried and dried dates have a sticky surface and can be contaminated with bacteria and contaminants, they should not be kept outdoors for a long time, but should be washed before use.

How dates grow is often of interest to lovers of dried fruits, who see them only cooked. Dates grow on a palm tree, collected in bunches. If you wish, you can independently plant a bone from a dried fruit and grow a small palm tree. Of course, it will not bear fruit, but it will retain its exotic attractive appearance and will delight the owner for a long time.

The historical homeland of culture is the Middle East, North Africa, the Canary Islands. Today the plant is cultivated in different countries with a hot climate. Saudi Arabia is the leader in the cultivation of dates.

In Russia, date palms are grown on the Black Sea coast. However, they do not produce high-quality fruits, therefore they can only be considered as ornamental plants, and not fruiting.

Date palms bear fruit for up to 80 years under normal growing conditions. The fruits are collected in large bunches. The most productive varieties of crops allow you to get up to 150 kg of dates from one tree.

Growing at home

If there is a desire to have a date palm at home, then it is not necessary to buy a plant. It is enough just to grow a date from a seed obtained from a dried fruit. In order for a houseplant to be healthy and have a beautiful look, one must remember the basic rules of agricultural technology. Their violation for an adult plant is undesirable, but not very dangerous, but young dates die very quickly with improper care.

How to germinate a date bone?

The seed must be germinated correctly, and it is not enough just to place it in the ground and wait for germination. The seed is suitable for planting only if the dried fruit has not undergone heat treatment.

• It is best to plant a plant in winter - during this period, in natural conditions, date palms begin an active growing season, since it is summer in the Southern Hemisphere at this time.
• The bone must be soaked in warm water for 2-3 days. For this, the dishes with it are placed in a warm place (you can near the battery). The water should be changed every day. You can also soak the bone in well-soaked cotton wool, but this is less effective.

After the end of soaking, 3-4 punctures are made on the bone and again placed in water for 4 days. This will stimulate germination. As soon as the bone swells, you can plant it.

Ground requirement

You need to prepare the soil for the palm tree yourself.

For him, mix in equal amounts:

• sawdust;
• peat;
• sand.

Fertilizers do not need to be applied.

Landing rules

The bone is not buried deeply - no more than 5 cm. It is better to sprinkle it not with soil, but with peat. This will provide the most comfortable germination conditions. The seed is planted in a pre-moistened substrate. After planting, watering is not carried out until the soil dries up. Germination occurs better if greenhouse conditions are created, for which the pot should be tightened with a plastic transparent bag. It is necessary to remove it for airing for 5-10 minutes at least once a day.

Plant transplant

The date palm is transplanted as it develops and the pot outgrows. The substrate for transplanting is the same as for planting. It is also necessary to transplant the plant if several seeds were initially grown in one container at once. In this case, the transplant is carried out at the moment when a strong leaf 4 cm long has formed on the sprout.

• Since the roots of the palm are long, a deep pot is required. Its width is not important. At the bottom, a drainage layer of broken brick or expanded clay is necessarily made.
• The transplant is carried out by the transfer method, which reduces the risk of damage to the root system. If decaying roots are found at the time of transplantation, they are cut off.

Frequent transplants negatively affect the date palm, and therefore the container for it is taken with a margin. The maximum frequency of replanting a tree is once a year.

How to care for a palm tree at home?

Despite the fact that the date palm is particularly unpretentious, it needs proper care. Plants are naturally much stronger than potted plants and can tolerate adverse conditions without damage. Domestic specimens have lost such stamina.

• After germination, the plant requires abundant watering with warm water. However, it is important to ensure that the water does not stagnate, as this will cause spoilage. Water for irrigation is defended for 2-3 days at room temperature. If possible, use rain or melt liquid. Daily spraying is required.
• In winter, for the date palm, the temperature must be lowered to 15-18 degrees, which will provide it with a dormant period already according to the biological cycle of the growing strip, and not of natural nature.
• The plant needs high-quality lighting for 10 hours a day, but at the same time it is important that no direct light falls on it. Sun rays... They will lead to burns and her possible death.
• Top dressing is carried out during the growing season 1 time per month, alternating mineral and organic fertilizers. In winter, the palm is not fed.
• To maintain a beautiful appearance, the leaves are wiped with a damp cloth.

Possible growing problems

The main problems that can arise when growing a date palm at home are attacks by its pests: scale insects, thrips. In such a situation, special preparations for protecting indoor plants help.

Another problem that a florist may face is waterlogging of the soil and rotting of the plant. The palm tree in such a situation exudes an intense smell of rot. If the plant has living roots, then you can save it by stopping watering until the soil is completely dry.

The fact that the palm tree does not receive moisture is indicated by the darkening ends of the leaves. This is the easiest problem to fix.

If there is space in the apartment and the desire, you can easily grow an exotic beauty from a bone. The date palm in a pot looks elegant and can become an interesting green decoration of the house. Knowing what the dates grow on, you can immediately decide whether you need a palm tree at home or not.