Before us is a sewing machine of the late 20th century, produced by the Podolsk Plant named after Kalinin. The car, like the previous models, is completely made of metal. The automatic equipment consisted of 5 copiers and remained with the same quantity. True, almost 100% of machine owners sewed the program selection knobs in one position.

Picture 1

Upper thread tension dial(Thermometer) is made in a metal case, the compensation spring works from right to left, which is not particularly successful, see fig. 2

Picture 2

After removing the top cover, we see that all the parts of the car are the same as in class 142, see fig. 3:

1. Knob for sewing program selection;
2. Knob for setting the stitch width;
3. Needle bar position switch (left, center, right);
4. The body of the automation mechanism;
5. Copier removers;
6. Copiers

Figure 3

In fig. 4 you can see the main thing difference from class 142 cars, namely the mechanism of the needle bar and the presser bar.
So, in order to correctly adjust the position of the needle bar, you first need to make the correct installation with presser bar... Loosen screws 1 and 2 and set the foot relative to the slot in the needle hole and tighten the screws.
Having loosened screw 3, we set the position of the needle bar relative to sewing, do not forget that the point of the needle No. 100 should enter exactly in the center of the hole.
Adjusting washer remove the needle bar play, for this we release two screws 7, press the washer against the frame and tighten the screws. Screws 4 and 5 are used to fix and adjust the position of the foot height and the position of the needle bar, respectively.
We fix the position of the thermometer with the screw 6. This screw must be tightened periodically. Thread take-up mechanism the same as in a class 142 car.

Figure 4

Figure 5 shows correct installation of the toothed sector and the shuttle gear... The third tooth of the gear must enter between the first and second teeth of the sector.

Figure 5

The bottom of the machine has not undergone any changes (see Fig. 6):

1. Guide;
2. Cam (lifting eccentric);
3. Regulator of stitch length;
4. Lower end of the drawbar;
5. Crank;
6. Screw for fastening the crank (by loosening it, adjust the stroke);
7. Screw for fastening the back handle;
8. Screw (advance setting);
9. The lower end of the plug;
10. Crank;
11. Fastening bolt (setting the position of the feed dog teeth).

Figure 6

Figure 7 shows the bottom of the machine on the left:
1. Knob for selecting the lifting height of the conveyor teeth;
2. The fastening screw, with its help, the height of the teeth is adjusted;
3. Guide;
4. Screws for fastening the lift eccentric;
5. Lift eccentric;
6. Shaft of fabric conveyor;
7. Shuttle device;
8. Screw fixing the clamping bracket;
9. Toothed sector;
10. Shuttle gear;
11. Adjusting washer.

Figure 7

Adjustment of all units and parts, travel and advancement, elimination of backlash in units is exactly the same as in machines of cl. 142, therefore, after watching the film, it will not be difficult for you to disassemble, assemble and adjust the sewing machine.

The instruction for the sewing machine Seagull can be used as an operating manual for any model of sewing machine that performs a zigzag stitch like Seagull: Seagull 2, Seagull 3, Seagull 134. This sewing machine manual Seagull is also suitable for sewing machines Malva, as well as all models of sewing machines of the brand Podolsk, performing a zigzag stitch: Podolsk 142, Podolsk 142M, etc.

1. The sewing machines Chaika and Podolsk 142 are arranged in the same way

This instruction manual for the sewing machine Chaika is given in an abbreviated form, it is compiled on the basis of the manufacturer's instructions.
The operation and device of the Podolsk and Chaika sewing machine is practically the same type, therefore this operating manual is suitable for all models of these sewing brands, including the Malva sewing machine. They have the same structure and differ only in the presence of additional types of stitching formed on the basis of the zigzag stitch. The first models of these sewing machines only sewed zigzag stitching. Subsequently, some models of Chaika and Podolsk were equipped with a device responsible for performing other, additional lines (copier) and, accordingly, a switch of modes of its operation was installed.

To clean the shuttle stroke, the needle bar must be in the upper position. Pull out the bobbin case 1, by turning the spring lock towards you, remove the trim ring 2, take out the hook 3. Carefully clean the nest of the hook 4 with a brush-brush from dust, dirt and threads. In this case, it is not allowed to use metal objects for cleaning, so as not to damage the cleanliness of the working surface. The hook direction in the travel housing and the winder spindle are also lubricated with 1-2 drops of oil.

How the vertical shuttle works. Possible malfunctions and ways to eliminate them. The sewing machine shuttle type Chaika.

Seagull sewing machine instruction does not contain a section on how to set up a sewing machine. However, it is often necessary to adjust and tune a Chaika or Podolskaya machine. Sometimes the machine breaks the needle, gaps appear in the line, or the thread breaks. Why this happens, and how to fix such malfunctions with your own hands, read this article.

Despite the fact that this article is about an industrial machine of class 22, the material of this article of the site can be used to set up sewing machines Chaika, Podolsk, Zinger of any models. Be sure to read it if you are going to do the repair of the typewriter with your own hands.

Instructions for the sewing machine Chaika has a number of tables, which indicate the recommended thickness of needles and threads when sewing various fabrics. Unfortunately, rarely anyone pays attention to this section of the manual. As a result, the Chaika sewing machine starts skipping stitches, breaking the thread, looping, and you have to adjust it.

Repair of sewing machines Podolsk, Singer can be done independently, if it is not associated with the replacement of parts or complex adjustment of some units. Often the cause of "breakage" is inattention or non-observance of the operating rules according to the instructions for the Podolsk sewing machine. Sometimes it is enough to set the needle correctly and the machine will sew again without gaps and thread breaks.

Many models of sewing machines Chaika and Podolsk, Singer are equipped with a foot drive. The foot drive of these machines has the same device, despite the external difference. As a rule, the instructions for Chaika or Podolsk do not indicate how to adjust the drive. However, over many years of operation, this needs to be done. Detailed instructions read about how the drive works in this article.

If loops appear at the bottom of the stitching, the upper thread tensioner may be the cause. How the thread tension regulator works.

The instruction of the Chaika sewing machine can be used as an operating manual for any model of sewing machines that perform the Chaika zigzag stitch: Chaika 2, Chaika 3, Chaika 134.

This instruction for the Chaika sewing machine is also suitable for the Malva sewing machines and the Podolsk brand: Podolsk 142, Podolsk 142M, etc.

1. Sewing machines like Chaika, Podolsk are arranged in the same way

These operating instructions for the sewing machine are given in abbreviated form, based on the manufacturer's instructions.
The operation and device of the Podolsk and Chaika sewing machine is practically the same type, therefore this operating manual is suitable for all models of these sewing machines, including the Malva sewing machine. They have the same structure and differ only in the presence of additional types of zigzag stitching. Some Chaika and Podolskaya models have an additional device (copier) for this and, accordingly, a lever for switching modes of its operation. The shuttle device, threading and adjustment parameters of the units and mechanisms of these sewing machines are practically the same, with the exception of setting some settings for the shuttle operation parameters (depending on the machine model).
For details on how to set up and perform minor repairs of sewing machines like the Seagull, see other articles in the section dedicated to the repair of sewing machines.

2. Controls and components of the machine Chaika, Podolsk 142

1. Shuttle device. 2. Platform. 3. Stitch plate. 4. Pressing foot. 5. Needle bar. i6. Presser foot lifter. 7. Upper thread tension dial. 8. Top and front covers. 9. Thread take-up lever. 10. Tension washers. 11. Index of the type of stitches. 12. Zigzag width indicator. 13. Spool pin. 14. Winder. 15. Flywheel. 16. Needle bias lever. 17. Zigzag handle. 18. Lever for reverse feed. 19. Knob of the stitch length regulator. 20. Knob of the comb lift regulator. 21. Material engine. 22. Panel of pictures. 23. Knob for switching the copier unit.

3. Types of fabrics for sewing, threads and needles for a sewing machine Chaika, Podolsk

Fine silk, cambric - needle No. 70, thread - 65
Bed linen, calico, chintz, satin, silk, linen fabrics - needle No. 80, thread - 65
Heavy cotton fabrics, coarse calico, flannel, fine woolen fabrics, heavy grades of silk - needle No. 90
Woolen suit - no. Needles 100
Thick woolen coat fabrics, broadcloth - needle No. 110

Needle 1 must be inserted into the needle holder 2 (at the upper position of the needle bar) up to the stop and secured with the screw 3.
The flat side of the flask 4 (flat) on the needle should be facing in the opposite direction from the working person (Fig. 4)

4. Threading the upper and lower thread. Instructions for the sewing machine Chaika, Podolsk

Threading the upper thread
Pull the spool pin 13 up to the stop from the sleeve cover.
Bring the thread take-up eye to the upper position by turning the handwheel.
Raise the presser foot.
Place a spool of thread on spool 13.
Thread the upper thread in this sequence. Into the holes 7 and 6 of the thread guide, between the washers 8 of the tension adjuster, then upwards into the eye 4 of the take-up spring, down under the thread take-up hook 3, up through the hole of the thread take-up lever 5, down into the thread guide 2, into the thread guide 1 on the needle bar and insert into the eye needles 9 from the side of the worker.

Threading the bobbin thread
Before threading the bobbin thread, you need to remove the bobbin case with the bobbin from the bobbin, for which it is necessary to turn the handwheel to bring the needle up. Pull out the slide plate, grasp the bobbin case latch lever with two fingers of your left hand, and remove the bobbin case.

5. Winding the thread. Instructions for the sewing machine Chaika, Podolsk

Wind the threads onto the bobbin using the bobbin winder. When winding thread onto a bobbin, the handwheel of the machine must be idling. To do this, loosen the friction screw 1 (Fig. 8).
Slide the bobbin onto the bobbin spindle 2 so that the spindle spring enters the bobbin slot. Place the spool 1 with thread on the spool pin. Thread the thread from the spool between the tension washers 4, as shown in Fig. 9, and then wind a few turns on the bobbin by hand. Press the winder against the flywheel. Next, wind up by rotating the flywheel using the drive.
When the bobbin is fully wound, the rubber ring of the winder stops contacting the flywheel and winding stops. Before removing the bobbin, the winder must be swiveled to the left of the stop 3.
Thread the wound bobbin into the bobbin case and thread under the tension spring as shown in fig. 10. Leave the free end of the thread 10-15 cm long.
Insert the bobbin case with the threaded bobbin into the hook. In this case, the needle should be in the upper position.
Push the bobbin case with the bobbin onto pin 3 of the bobbin as far as it will go. In this case, the pin 1 of the bobbin case must enter the slot 2 (fig. 11).

6. Machine control. Instructions for the sewing machine Chaika, Podolsk

When the bobbin case is correctly inserted, the latch lever should be in a spring-loaded state and, when opened, try to return to its original position.
Before starting sewing, the bobbin thread must be removed onto the throat plate, for this, holding the end of the needle thread, turn the handwheel so that the needle drops into the needle hole, grabs the lower hook thread and rises to the upper position. Use the upper thread to pull the shuttle thread onto the throat plate (fig. 12) and place the ends of the upper and lower threads under the presser foot as shown in fig. 13.
For sewing with a simple straight stitch, the number 0 on the handle 17 must be aligned with the pointer 12 (fig. 1). The handle 23 can be in any position.
The stitch length is set by turning knob 19 (Fig. 1) until the number aligns with the indicator on the panel.
The reverse direction of material feeding for the bartack is carried out by pressing the lever 18 (Fig. 1) down to the stop. The backfeed pitch over 2.5 mm remains constant within 2.5 mm.
Adjustment of the height of the rack is carried out by the regulator 1 (Fig. 14). The regulator is operated with the slide plate removed. For thick fabrics, the adjuster is set to the H mark (normal), for thin fabrics to the W mark (silk), and for embroidery and darning, to the B mark (embroidery). The letters should be visible from above.
To switch to zigzag, decorative and target stitches, knob 23 (Fig. 1) must be set to the required stitch type by lightly pressing and turning. Turn the knob 17 to align the number 5 with the pointer 12.
The pattern for finishing products will be clearer with a smaller stitching step. Offset stitching is used when performing special operations, for example, when processing buttonholes, sewing in "zippers", etc. Knob 16 is used to shift the stitching. ...
To check the sewing quality, it is recommended that you sew a test stitch on a piece of the fabric you want and adjust the thread tension if necessary.
The tension of the upper thread is adjusted using the tension regulator. The weaving of the upper and lower threads should take place in the middle of the sewing materials. If the weave thread is on top when the stitch is being formed, release the upper thread tension. If the thread is woven at the bottom, tighten the upper thread tension.
When sewing through thick or hard places, sew slowly and turn the handwheel by hand.
When sewing thin materials such as silk, etc., we recommend pulling the fabric slightly behind the foot to avoid puckering at the seam.
For normal machine operation, start sewing at following sequence: Pull the threads tucked under the foot (lower and upper) and hold them, lower the needle into the fabric (by hand rotating the handwheel), lower the foot and sew 2-3 stitches. Then you can release the threads and continue sewing.
After finishing sewing, raise the presser foot, pull the material to be sewn away from you and cut the threads against the thread cutter on the presser foot bar (fig. 12, position 1), leaving the end of the cast 8 to 10 centimeters long.

7. Care, lubrication. Instructions for the sewing machine Chaika, Podolsk

To ensure easy running of the machine and prevent wear, all places indicated by arrows should be lubricated with one or two drops of industrial oil I-20A GOST 20799-75.
Machine head lubrication points (fig. 17)
Zigzag lubrication points (fig. 19)
Cleaning and lubricating the shuttle (fig. 20)
Heavy movement of the machine, and sometimes jamming, can occur from contamination of the shuttle stroke. The course is clogged with scraps of thread, fleece, dust.
See also Sewing Machine Lubrication
To clean the shuttle stroke, the needle bar must be in the upper position. Pull out the bobbin case 1, by turning the spring lock towards you, remove the trim ring 2, take out the hook 3. Carefully clean the nest of the hook 4 with a brush-brush from dust, dirt and threads. In this case, it is not allowed to use metal objects for cleaning, so as not to damage the cleanliness of the working surface. The direction for the hook in the travel housing and the winder spindle are also lubricated with 1-2 drops of oil.

Seagull sewing machine. Repair and customization

The Chaika sewing machine is perhaps the most popular model of a sewing machine for the home, despite the abundance of imported household sewing machines in stores. At one time, I had to buy Seagull for a lot of money, and it seems to sew well, but only sometimes it twists, otherwise everything is safe and sound. Indeed, it is almost impossible to break the Chaika sewing machine. The body is made of aluminum, the parts are all metal, the components are strong and reliable - everything is in the style of Soviet technology. But here, unfortunately, the line loops
practically "from birth", sometimes gaps appear in the line, especially on the zigzag and knocks when sewing like a machine gun.
The manufacturer encloses instructions for the Chaika sewing machine in the kit, where it is detailed how to use the machine and perform various operations, there is even an electric motor circuit, a pedal device, but not a word on how to set up and perform at least minor repairs to the Chaika sewing machine. We will try to fill this gap in the instructions and give some recommendations on how to repair the Chaika sewing machine with our own hands.

Chaika sewing machine modifications

The main malfunction in machines of the "Seagull" type, performing a zigzag stitch and on its basis several types of finishing stitches are gaps, looping of the lower and upper thread, as well as its breakage at the top and bottom. Sewing machine Chaika, Chaika M, Chaika 142, Chaika 132, Chaika 134, Chaika 132 m, Chaika 142 M, Chaika 143, Chaika 3, Chaika 2 and Podolsk 142, Podolsk 125-1; Malva and others - all these machines have the same device and instructions for use and setting, so their repair is almost the same, with the exception of copier repair (depending on the machine model) and setting the shuttle settings. But since our task is to learn how to customize only a line, we will omit the repair of many nodes. In addition, such repairs cannot be done with your own hands, without professional knowledge and experience at home.

Before proceeding with the repair and adjustment of the Chaika sewing machine on your own, it is advisable to do a routine inspection, cleaning, and lubrication. To do this, disconnect the electric motor from the mains, remove the top cover (it is fastened with two screws). Detach the foot, remove the needle and stitch plate, and the bobbin cover. Detach the clipper from the wooden stand or table. Disassemble the bobbin: bobbin case, locking ring, hook. Now remove dust, dirt, fleece from the machine (especially in the shuttle section) and lubricate all rubbing accessible places with machine oil well. Use a tough small glue brush to clean, and a medical disposable syringe is very convenient to lubricate the sewing machine.

2. Use needles designed only for sewing machines Seagull

Thread breakage often occurs with sewing machines such as the Seagull. The first reason leading to thread breakage is a bent needle point, which breaks the thread during its movement. With the help of a magnifying glass, the state of the needle point is very clearly visible. Use needles that are in good condition and intended only for household sewing machines, in accordance with See instructions for the sewing machine Chaika, Podolsk 142
Sewing machine needles must be in perfect condition. The condition of the needle can be determined by running your fingernail along the tip of the needle or using a magnifying glass. Often it is the needle that causes gaps in stitches, needle breakage and other stitching defects.
Select the needle number according to the thickness of the fabric and thread. Do not use home sewing machine needles with a round bulb. Household sewing machine needles have a saw cut on the flask.
For sewing various fabrics and materials, use the appropriate type of needle, for example, for sewing leather, the needle has a four-sided point, which makes it easier to pierce the material and contributes to the formation of a loop on the needle when it is gripped by the nose of the shuttle.

3. When entering the needle hole, the needle must not touch it.

Thread breakage can be the result of many malfunctions, for example, if the needle touches it when entering the needle hole, then the thread will periodically break. When sewing a straight stitch, the needle should be in the center of the hole in the needle plate, evenly spaced from its sides, and when performing a zigzag operation, the distance L should be the same with R.
Longitudinal installation of the needle in the center of the needle slot is carried out by displacing the needle bar frame, fixed with two screws on the rocker, in the upper part of the machine (turn the handwheel on the zigzag line and you will see this attachment). Loosen these screws and set the needle on a straight stitch exactly in the center (by moving the needle bar frame). Then check the position of the needle at the left and right injection. The entry of the needle (at the maximum zigzag width), on the right and left, will be evenly spaced from the center. If the needle touches the edge of the hole at the maximum width of the zigzag, contact the master, this case is already for him.

4. The transverse position of the Seagull's needle can spontaneously get lost

The transverse position of the needle is adjusted by a rod, fixed on the plate with two screws, and a plate that presses the needle bar frame to the rod of the bracket.
The adjustment of this unit is quite complicated and requires experience, but, unfortunately, it is this mechanism that can spontaneously get lost during operation, especially in electric sewing machines. Therefore, if you decide to independently repair the Chaika sewing machine, you should learn how to adjust this position of the needle, since the forward displacement of the needle is the cause of its breakage, and the displacement towards the seamstress is the cause of omissions.
Adjusting the crosswise position of the needle requires professional knowledge and experience. If you are not sure that you can do it yourself, contact the master, since the wrong position of the needle can be the cause of misalignment of other nodes, the repair of which cannot be learned from a boring book stuffed with technical terms and diagrams.
Pay attention to the condition of the stitch plate. Hole e must not be "broken" or jagged. It is better to replace such a plate.

5. The position of the shuttle at the Seagull - the reason for skips and looping

The wrong position of the sewing machine hook will lead to thread breakage and other stitching defects, including gaps. Gaps usually appear due to the wrong position of the shuttle at the moment of meeting the needle - the nose of the shuttle does not catch the formed loop, passes by and a gap is formed. Many other factors can also cause skipping stitches on the sewing machine, for example, "twisted" thread, a bent needle, the thickness of the fabric does not match the thickness of the needle, etc., but still the main one is too large a gap between the needle blade and the shuttle nose.

In order to correctly set the position of the meeting between the hook nose and the needle, it is necessary to correctly adjust the position of the hook nose. To get started, turn the machine to one side and find on the left side the shuttle fastener tightened with two M10 bolts. You need to unscrew them with a spanner wrench, in the worst case with an open-end wrench, but not with pliers.
Loosen these two bolts, and carefully, using a powerful screwdriver, move the shuttle mechanism so that the nose of the shuttle is almost flush with the needle blade. Previously, you must already remove the stitch plate, bring the foot and the needle to the hook nose. Use a magnifying glass to better define this gap. In the same way as you brought the nose closer to the needle, only in the opposite direction, you can also distance the stroke with the shuttle in relation to the needle. The shuttle travel rotates on an axis rather than moving back and forth. This is a very important point. It is not necessary to pull it out with a nail puller or hammer it in with a hammer, it easily turns on its axis. It is difficult for an inexperienced person to immediately understand what is at stake, but also to explain too. All that can be added is to sort it out carefully before twisting something, and even more so unscrewing it. There should not be any remaining parts after repairing the Chaika sewing machine.

6. The interaction of the shuttle and the needle of the sewing machine Chaika

Closer and closer we are getting closer to the most important secret of the Chaika sewing machine - why does it meander? But first, let's finish adjusting the gap between the needle and the hook nose, learn something more about the construction of the Chaika sewing machine and its modifications.
At the moment of meeting the nose of the shuttle and the blade of the needle, the following parameters must be observed: the gap between the nose and the blade is approximately 0.1 - 0.15 mm; when the needle comes out of the lower position to a height of 1.8 - 2.0 mm, the nose should come up to it above the needle eye by 1 mm, at least, but not more than 2 mm. By the way, this is a very important point - lifting the needle from the bottom position. This parameter affects the formation of a needle loop and should be reversed Special attention... In order for the spout to grab the thread from the needle, it is necessary that a loop is formed, where it goes, engaging it. That is why the needle must first go down, and then, rising a little, already meet the nose of the looper, thus forming a loop for gripping.
The position of the needle is adjusted by the needle bar. There is a special screw on the sleeve holding the needle bar. To roughly understand what is at stake, you can see how its position is regulated on an industrial sewing machine 1022, class 22.
All of the above parameters are suitable for all modifications of Chaika, Podolskaya sewing machines and are universal for almost all shuttle stitch household sewing machines. You can use these recommendations for repairing sewing machines of other brands, except those which will be discussed below.

7. Models of sewing machines Chaika have differences in setting the shuttle move

If you set these parameters, the sewing machine "Seagull" will work relatively well. But, unfortunately, this is not the end of the repair. There are still many other settings, which are quite complicated and necessary for the "Chaika" sewing machine - this is the repair of the shuttle movement. It is there that the reasons for thread looping and such a rare phenomenon for sewing machines are hidden - a breakage of the lower thread. The complexity of the presentation of this material is that for almost any model of the "Chaika" sewing machine, engineers have provided their own specifics of setting up this unit and, moreover, requiring a lot of experience from the performer. We will deliberately not give recommendations on how to configure it, since it is almost impossible to do them yourself. The fitter usually selects one single position of the shuttle nose relative to the needle, varying between three defects: thread looping, lower thread breakage and upper thread breakage.

Briefly, we just note that the main position of the shuttle nose is adjusted in relation to the needle when it is in the left position, with a left prick. Having passed the needle just above the ear, the nose should finish its movement and go further (to the left) behind the needle by 1-3 mm. This parameter is 1-3 mm. for each model of the Seagull "its own" and it depends on it how the line will be formed. If the hook goes too far beyond the needle, it pulls out the excess upper thread and loops appear, if the thread "does not reach" it may break.
Adjust the sewing machine in such a way that the nose of the shuttle firmly grips the loop from the needle during the left and right pricks. If the machine still has defects in stitching, then contact a sewing machine repairman.
In order to change the position of the shuttle (tip over the needle), find in the extreme right part of the shaft driving the shuttle a bushing-lever connected to the main (upper) shaft. Loosen the bushing fastening tightened with the M10 screw with a wrench and turn the shaft a little while holding it with pliers. Use the other hand to hold the flywheel.

The Chaika sewing machine is perhaps the most popular model of the home sewing machine, despite the abundance of imported home sewing machines in stores. At one time, I had to buy it for a lot of money, and it seemed like recently it was still sewing well, but it just began to twist.

It is almost impossible for her to really break. The body is made of aluminum, the parts are all metal, the components are strong and reliable - everything is in the style of Soviet technology. But here, unfortunately, she twists almost "from birth" and knocks when sewing, like a machine gun.

Many other "charms" were provided by the plant along with instructions for the device and use, where almost 5 pages describe how the pedal works, an electrical diagram of the engine is given, but not a word on how to set up and perform repairs sewing machine seagull.

Model range of sewing machines Chaika

The Chaika sewing machine has many models, practically not much different from each other: Chaika 2; 3; 142m; 132; 134; 143, etc. Sewing machines of the Podolsk plant: Podolsk 142, Podolsk 125-1; Malva have about the same structure as the Seagull. Therefore, the instructions for one of these machines are quite suitable for any model of the Chaika-type sewing machine.

Setting up, adjusting and repairing sewing machines Chaika is practically the same for all models mentioned above, except for the repair of the copier (depending on the model of the machine) and setting some parameters of the shuttle course.

But since our task is to learn how to customize only a line, we will omit the repair of many nodes in this article. In addition, such repairs cannot be done with your own hands, without professional knowledge and experience, and even at home.

Repair of the sewing machine Chaika

The main malfunction in machines of the "Seagull" type, performing a zigzag stitch and, on its basis, several types of finishing stitches are gaps, looping of the lower and upper thread, as well as thread breakage at the top and bottom. It is these malfunctions and ways to eliminate them that we will consider in this article.

Before proceeding with the repair and adjustment sewing machine seagull do it yourself, it is advisable to do a routine inspection, cleaning, lubrication. To do this, disconnect the electric motor from the mains, remove the top cover (it is fastened with two screws from the top). Detach the foot, remove the needle and stitch plate, and the bobbin cover. Detach the clipper from the wooden stand or table. Disassemble the bobbin: bobbin case, locking ring, hook. Now remove dust, dirt, fleece from the machine (especially in the shuttle section) and lubricate all rubbing accessible places with machine oil well. The places that need to be lubricated can be found in the instructions for the machine or all accessible rubbing metal parts and assemblies can be lubricated.
It is very convenient to use a medical disposable syringe for lubrication.

Thread breakage most often occurs with sewing machines such as the Seagull.
The first reason leading to thread breakage is the bent point of a blunt needle, which breaks the thread during its movement. With the help of a magnifying glass, the state of the needle point is very clearly visible.

Adjusting the shuttle stroke of the sewing machine

Incorrect hook position sewing machine seagull leads to thread breakage and the appearance of other defects in the line, including gaps. Gaps usually appear due to the wrong position of the shuttle at the moment of meeting the needle - the nose of the shuttle does not catch the formed loop, passes by and a gap is formed. Many other factors can be the cause.

In order to correctly set the position of the meeting point of the shuttle and the needle, it is necessary to adjust the position of the shuttle stroke. Loosen the two bolts that secure it and carefully, using a powerful screwdriver, move or delay the stroke together with the shuttle in relation to the needle. The shuttle travel rotates on an axis rather than moving back and forth. This is a very important point. It is not necessary to pull it out with a nail puller or hammer it in with a hammer, it easily turns on its axis. It is difficult for an inexperienced person to immediately understand what is at stake, but it is also very difficult to explain in more detail. All that can be added is to sort it out carefully before twisting something, and even more so unscrewing it. There should be no remaining parts after repair.

Parameters for adjusting the shuttle and needle (Seagull)

At the moment of meeting the nose of the shuttle and the blade of the needle, the following parameters must be observed: the gap between the nose and the blade is approximately 0.15 mm; when the needle comes out of the lower position to a height of 1.8-2.0 mm, the nose should come up to it above the eye of the needle by 1 mm, at least, but not more than 3 mm.

By the way, a very important point is lifting the needle from the lower position (1.8-2.0 mm). This parameter affects the formation of the needle loop and should be paid special attention to. In order for the spout to grab the thread from the needle, it is necessary that a loop is formed, where it goes, engaging it. That is why the needle must first start down and then, rising a little, already meet the nose of the looper.

The position of the needle is also regulated by the needle bar; for this there is a screw for fastening it to the bushing under the front cover.

If you set these parameters for adjusting the shuttle, then sewing machine "Seagull" will work relatively fine. But, unfortunately, this is not the end of the repair. There are also many other shuttle settings, which are quite complex and necessary for the "Chaika" sewing machine. It is there that the reasons for thread looping and such a rare phenomenon for sewing machines are hidden - a breakage of the lower thread. The complexity of the presentation of this material is that for almost any model of the "Chaika" sewing machine, engineers have provided their own peculiarities of setting up this unit and, moreover, requiring a lot of experience from the performer. For which I thank them, at least from the sewing machine repairmen - they will not be left without work as long as there are sewing machines "Chaika".

Among Soviet sewing machines, the most popular are those made in Podolsk, at a mechanical plant. The sewing machine "The Seagull" is a favorite assistant of our craftswomen. She earned trust for a reason. This device is reliable and easy to operate. Has a sturdy aluminum body, "takes" any fabric and is unpretentious in work.

The sewing machine "The Seagull". We eliminate breakdowns

The sewing machine "Chaika" can serve its owner for several decades. The main thing is to pay attention to damage in a timely manner, be able to eliminate them and periodically lubricate the mechanisms. The range of devices is wide enough: this is the sewing machine "Chaika" -134, 132, 132 M, 142 M, 143 and others. Despite the variety of types, operation and repair is carried out for almost all types in the same way.

Possible breakdowns of "The Seagull" and how to eliminate them

1. The device skips stitches during operation. To eliminate this problem, it is necessary to check the condition of the needle - it must be flat and not bent. It is necessary to inspect the needle before starting work, feeling it with your hand. If irregularities are found, it must be replaced with a new one. It should be borne in mind that only the needle that is suitable for the specific model of the sewing machine is used. The next step is to check if the needle fits correctly into the plate that is under it. You can return the needle to its place by sliding the needle bar frame. Another reason for skipping stitches is incorrect placement of the shuttle when hitting the needle. If it is installed incorrectly, then during operation it will slip by without falling into the loop. Correct the shuttle to fix the problem.

2. The needle breaks during sewing. This is due to not correct location carriage cone. To repair the Chaika sewing machine, remove the plywood from the side of the device. On the left is the shuttle mechanism, where the carriage is arranged. It is necessary to release it from the latch and turn the flywheel towards you. The sharp top of the carriage should be slightly above the eye of the needle and follow alongside it. For correct positioning, you need to unscrew the two bolts on the axis of rotation of the carriage and carefully slide it towards the needle.

3. Defects in a stitch when sewing. The sewing machine "Seagull" can give a weak or tight thread during operation. The thread is adjusted with a screw. To do this, it must be pulled or loosened by turning it clockwise or vice versa. If this does not help, then you need to remove the plate on which the screw is attached and bend it slightly inward. Other causes of weak stitching may be a broken upper thread tension regulator or a loose nut. To eliminate this problem, you need to open the cover near the regulator and tighten the nut.

4. When the machine is in operation, the thread breaks. It is necessary to check the stitch plate: it may be deformed, have punctures and irregularities. The carriage may also have burrs. All scrap is removed by grinding with sandpaper.

The sewing machine "Seagull" in many cases is repaired at home, but if the breakdown is serious, you should seek help from the master.