Evergreen trees list. Evergreens: list and description of species. Types of hedges

Due to the varied color of the leaves and needles of evergreen trees and shrubs you can create interesting compositions in the garden.

evergreen conifers and deciduous trees and shrubs, which we did not pay attention to for some time, are now back in fashion, they are planted to add variety to the color scheme of the garden. Conifers, for example, have many different varieties of unusual coloration. They will be an ideal refuge for birds.

Yes, and among evergreen deciduous you can find varieties and species that attract our attention with their decorative leaves - shiny, with a white or yellowish border, like decorative forms of euonymus, sucker and many other woody ones.

Combinations with evergreen trees and shrubs

Multi-colored plants planted in front of it will help to revive a high green hedge. evergreens: juniper "Compressa" and ivy in pots; Fortune's euonymus; periwinkle and funkia (hosta) (hosta) as ground cover; weeping cypress pea; hybrid sucker, common holly; Chinese juniper. A red-leaved barberry interspersed with boxwood in a low hedge can complete the picture.

Prickly spruce is famous for its decorative silver-blue needles, which is why it is called blue spruce. A bright contrast is the blue dwarf spruce with the creeping yellow-leaved Fortune euonymus. Creeping euonymus can crawl up like ivy. The silvery border of its leaves stands out especially brightly against the background of dark tree trunks.

The holly has shiny dark green leaves with a yellowish-white border that color the tree and garden all year round. In autumn, red berries will also be added, which birds love to feast on. Privet has been known for over 130 years. This shrub with yellowish oval leaves deserves a solo performance.

A variety of evergreens are good to plant in front of deciduous trees and shrubs. In summer, their restrained colors harmoniously merge into the overall color scheme, in autumn they create lovely contrasts, for example, with red foliage or red fruits of other plants, in winter, among bare trees, they generally become the main decoration of the garden.

Yellow, white and silvery leaves (especially needles) greatly enliven the dark corners of the garden. First of all, different varieties of evergreen creeping euonymus are suitable as ground cover here. To select taller plants, holly varieties that can grow in a shady place are suitable. Ivy and some varieties of euonymus, such as "Emerald's Gold" and "Variegatus", will climb up the walls and supports. They are especially spectacular against the background of the dark bark of tree trunks. Climbing onto a pergola or trellis, they form a good protection from the wind and prying eyes.

Variegated evergreens are suitable not only for mixed group plantings. They are no less interesting as soloists, especially if they differ in an unusual form of growth, for example, columnar or weeping. The color of a particular variety is often clear already from its name. For example, if the name contains the word "Aurea" or "Gold", we are talking about a yellow-colored variety, for blue varieties the word "Glauca" is characteristic, for variegated silver-green - "Varigata" and "Maculata".

Landing and care

When allocating space in the garden for evergreen trees and shrubs, it should be borne in mind that they are more sensitive to winter cold than deciduous ones, so a place protected from northern and eastern winds is better suited for them. It is advisable to plant seedlings of trees with yellow needles in partial shade, if you plant them in an open sunny place, then you will have to take care of protection from the winds and the winter sun - the bright sun burns the needles, and in the shade they turn green.

The preferred time for planting is spring or autumn, then the plants take root quickly, if the seedlings are purchased with an earthen clod, then you can plant at any time. In winter, conifers and deciduous evergreens are shaded to reduce evaporation through the leaves. In autumn, they are well watered throughout the autumn, so that in winter their leaves or needles do not wither and dry out.

Pruning in the first years is not needed at all, with the exception of the shaped haircut, as well as the removal of dried twigs.

The way out for the formation of a diverse landscape will be the use of evergreen forms of plants in its design: from ornamental mosses and lichens creeping along the ground and stones to such giants as cypress.

The range of such plants is huge. These are not only the usual conifers: spruces and firs of various species, all kinds of arborvitae, their direct relatives are cypresses and junipers. But also rather exotic representatives of deciduous, such as rhododendrons, laurel cherry, boxwood, mahonia, ivy and periwinkle.

Such a variety of species allows you to form a landscape, even if the size of the plot is the notorious "6 acres". Certain types of arborvitae and juniper will act as creators of living borders and intra-spatial partitions. Their large forms will serve as a means of disguising outbuildings, verandas, gazebos, or as solo landscape details. An example is a large blue spruce or thuja smaragd in a south-facing corner of the site. Why south? So that at the hottest time of the day in summer, low-growing forms of evergreen miniature trees and shrubs that do not like direct sunlight should be sheltered from their effects under the canopy of these large brothers.

Separately, it is worth dwelling on lianas, and first of all on common ivy.

This plant, unpretentious to the soil and moisture content in it, is able to "climb" even to a height of 20 meters, using its aerial roots-"mustache". Even the roughness of a brick wall can serve as a support for it.

Green forms of ivy are frost-resistant enough to survive the winter of the European part of the country.

Variegated Colchis ivy is more critical to frost, the vine can freeze.

It should be remembered that ivy is able to "suffocate" any plant if allowed to grow uncontrollably, so it is better to use it as an independent crop.

This climber is not capricious in care and easily tolerates both sunlight and life on the north side of the building. Watering - moderate, in the absence of rain no more than 2 times a week.

periwinkle

Periwinkle is big. This is a typically creeping plant with a stem length of not more than 40 cm. Smooth oval-shaped leaves, with a small fringe along the outer edge, are located on the stem in pairs, opposite each other.

Growing and branching, it covers the ground with a continuous carpet. It has large lobed petals in lilac-colored flowers, flowering begins in late spring - early summer. Resistant to frost, well preserved under the snow.

Shade tolerant climbing plant. It goes well with the undersized thuja of the spherical Danica variety, forming a lower tier that covers the soil, looks great in contrast with its yellow-green needles.

Or with the same color of needles small-sized Danica Aurea.

Combining different

The best solution for the formation of local areas of the garden will be a combination of coniferous and deciduous plants. Stones placed among bushes and trees will add even more variety. Especially if they are arranged in tiers with flowers and bushes, and even above the water in the form of mini-ponds.

For better formation of tiers, you should also use lattice stands woven from thin bamboo shoots or dead branches of hardwoods, along which climbing evergreen perennials will rise from the flower bed.

The unsurpassed aesthetics of small forms of Japanese gardens, honed over the centuries, can serve as examples.

Separately - about conifers

The creation of a "shock" accent of one large form of coniferous tree has already been said. Now consider the possibility of planting a small group of such plants, with all its advantages.

Neighborhood with their own kind better reveals the decorative properties
Plants tolerate winter more easily
In the warm season, located in close proximity to the place of rest, they emit shock doses of phytoncides into the atmosphere, ridding the environment of pathogenic forms.
Planted closely to each other, over time, as a result of regular shearing, they form a hedge impassable for humans and animals.

For the normal development of conifers, it is better to orient them during planting along a line from south to north. This way they will be in the zone of optimal light exposure even for the lower branches.

Types of hedges

To name a phenomenon means it is better to understand it. Therefore, it is worth designating the names of hedges.

Border. It is created from undersized species, serves to limit paths and flower beds.
It consists of shrubs of high and medium height from 0.7 to 2 meters. Limits garden plots, front gardens, parks
Bosket. The living wall is over 2 meters tall. Provides shade and protection for garden borders. If there is already an artificial fence (fence) around the site, then hops, kampsis, girlish grapes, curly honeysuckle can be used to form a bosquet. Growing, they form a barrier no worse than tall trees.
Formable fence. Requires regular trimming once given shape. The shape of trimmed bushes depends only on the skill and imagination of the gardener.

Conclusion

Only using a combination of deciduous and coniferous species in the landscape design of a garden or park, you can fully unleash the potential of this green recreation area, regardless of the time of year.

Garden.

When it comes to growing, in a temperate continental climate, evergreens, then coniferous representatives of this kingdom usually come to mind, since they are the most common. However, there are also deciduous evergreen frost-resistant plant species that can be grown in the garden of central Russia. Some of these species are listed below. These plants, thanks to evergreen foliage, remain decorative all year round, which is especially important in the off-season, in late autumn and early spring, when there is no snow, and all seasonal greenery has already withered or has not yet grown ...

Holly Mahonia (Mahonia aquifolium)

Common holly (Ilex crenata)

Wrinkled holly (Ilex rugosa)

Rhododendron golden (Rhododendron aureum)

Short-fruited rhododendron (Rhododendron brachycarpum)

Small-leaved rhododendron (Rhododendron parvifolium)

Rhododendron Adams (Rhododendron adamsii)

Caucasian rhododendron (Rhododendron caucasicum)

Fortune's euonymus (Euonymus fortunei)

Hardy evergreen deciduous trees and shrubs.

Garden.

Lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea)

Cranberry (Vaccinium oxycoccos)

Holly Mahonia (Mahonia aquifolium)

Common holly (Ilex crenata)

Wrinkled holly (Ilex rugosa)

Rhododendron golden (Rhododendron aureum)

Short-fruited rhododendron (Rhododendron brachycarpum)

Small-leaved rhododendron (Rhododendron parvifolium)

Rhododendron Adams (Rhododendron adamsii)

Caucasian rhododendron (Rhododendron caucasicum)

Fortune's euonymus (Euonymus fortunei)

Evergreens are very popular in garden decoration. Gardeners get the opportunity to create an atmosphere of comfort on their site at any time of the year. Evergreen trees and shrubs create pleasant partial shade in summer and serve as a backdrop for flowering plants. In late autumn they add variety to the dull gray landscape, and in winter they look very decorative against the backdrop of white snow.

Types of evergreens

The range of evergreens is very diverse. There are not only well-known conifers, but also deciduous shrubs with powerful and beautiful flowering. Diverse in height, size, growth rate, evergreens are suitable not only for large areas. Low-growing and miniature varieties do not take up much space and are very popular with owners of small plots.

conifers

Once coniferous trees were used exclusively for planting on the streets of the city, but now they are often found in home gardens. Many gardeners have become true fans of these plants. The most common varieties of evergreen conifers:

In group plantings with the participation of conifers, it must be taken into account that their roots grow strongly and in the future these trees may occupy a rather large area.

Deciduous trees and shrubs

These plants come from tropical and subtropical countries, many of them are very thermophilic. Popular types of evergreen hardwoods:

It is necessary to plant evergreen hardwoods in places protected from strong winds.

In garden design

The choice of evergreens is great, this makes it possible to use them to decorate any garden landscape. Hedges and group compositions are formed with the participation of such plants:

The evergreen shrubs are the perfect backdrop for many flowering plants. In solitary plantings, such evergreen crops look good:

Evergreens improve the microclimate, save from monotony. They can become the main focus of the site or combined with other garden crops.

Evergreens for the garden will be a real gem. Thanks to them, flower growers succeed even in a dull autumn or frosty winter, when nature falls asleep and no longer pleases with a riot of colors, to give the site charm and attractiveness. And it is worth noting that with the help of evergreen plantings, you can not only refresh the garden in the autumn-winter period, but also create living green hedges, beautiful figures, and also zone areas.

Evergreens are a fairly broad group of plants that tend to maintain the same appearance throughout the year.

These include not only conifers, but also creeping species, shrubs and grasses. Almost all species are frost resistant. but most of them love shade.

Benefits for landscape design

Having imagination and money, with the help of such decorative helpers, you can give the site festivity and splendor at any time of the year.

Use cases

When decorating a site, trees can be used in various ways.

Special Fit

One of the easiest uses is to plant plants in such a way that they shaded various corners of the garden. With a combination of plants of different heights and shades, even in winter, the site will look well-groomed, bright and diverse.

Choosing decorative species that turn green all year round, many stop at needles. And this is not at all surprising, because it looks great all year round, it is easy to cut and therefore can be used to create various shapes. But besides conifers, there are many species that perfectly tolerate even the most severe frosts. These are heather and wintering rhododendron, mahonia, privet, periwinkle, ivy, laurel cherry and others.

If you make a hedge of plants that shed their leaves in autumn, then in winter it will lose all meaning, because it will turn into bare brown branches intertwined with each other, through which the garden will be clearly visible. If you use plants that are green all year round for the hedge, then even in winter it will look chic and close the area from prying eyes.

Depending on the required height of the hedge, undersized species can be used in decoration, such as mahonia, yew repandens, quince, yew elegantissima.

If you need to create a high hedge, then plants are used, the height of which can reach about three meters or more, for this they plant barberry, felt cherry, chibushnik and other species.

The most famous types of evergreens for hedges are:

barberry;
hawthorn;
rose hip;
boxwood.

These plants are resistant to low temperatures, picky about the composition of the soil., adapt well to various weather conditions, grow quickly and are easy to cut.

If a hedge is used to decorate the garden, then trees and shrubs are planted in a row. If the fence acts as a fence, then the plants should be planted in two rows. Sometimes a single composition is created from several types of evergreens.

sculptures

If you use plants that shed their leaves to create sculptures, then in winter such figures look unsightly and boring. But the sculptures, which are made of evergreens, even under a layer of snow will be able to retain their beautiful shape and chic look.

borders

For zoning the garden is the best fit low growing shrub plants. With the help of them, you can easily separate plantings and lawns from paths, and the lawn from the house. Besides the aesthetic benefits, there are others. Such borders do not allow weeds, lawn grass to grow, and also protect the plantings from the wind.

In order for such green borders to please the eye all year round, it is necessary to choose such types of plants as boxwood, dubrovnik, honeysuckle, Japanese euonymus. Some of the species can be cut to give them the required height.

Decor for gazebos, fences, trellises

For these purposes, evergreen climbing plants are the best fit, with which you can give a gazebo or fence a well-groomed look even in harsh winters.

Depending on the purpose, you should choose the type of plant that is suitable for achieving the desired goals. Plants that have rapid growth and can quickly braid a support include wisteria, ivy, parthenocissus and others.

Registration of a loggia and a balcony

Some types of evergreens will be able to attract not only gardeners, but also those who want to make their loggia or balcony beautiful in winter. Such plantings should be purchased in the fall in a container or pot, and then planted in another more suitable container. You should choose unpretentious plant species, for example, pyracanthus, euonymus, recumbent gaultheria, thuja, juniper.

Each species is able to please with its color, leaf shape and flowering. Euonymus leaves have a purple-pink color, bright scarlet berries grow on winter gaultheria recumbent, and juniper has bright green foliage.

The most popular evergreen plant species

Spruce

Coniferous trees are the most common species in landscape design. Most often, European or prickly spruce is used for growing in the garden.

Evergreen tree seedlings are best planted in summer in well-drained soil. In the first weeks after planting, young trees should be shaded from the sun so that they do not burn out, and in autumn they should be covered before the first frost. Spruce roots do not grow deep, but expand in width. Therefore, when planting between trees, a distance of three or more meters should be left. And also coniferous trees should not be planted next to fruit trees. The fir crown is easy to cut, so you can easily create beautiful sculptures from them.

Honeysuckle

It is one of the most attractive evergreen shrubs. Throughout the summer, the plant blooms with charming pink flowers, and in the winter it pleases with a beautiful green foliage.

Honeysuckle is a climbing plant which reaches a height of up to three meters. The leaves are oval and wide, up to eight centimeters long and five wide. The flowers are small, bell-shaped and do not emit any fragrance. Color of flowers from dark pink to raspberry. There are types of honeysuckle, in which the flowers are yellow.

After flowering is completed, bright red berries form on the branches.. Honeysuckle should be planted in the spring, when the frosts stop. She prefers open, sunny, wind-sheltered areas. Loose, moderately moist soil is suitable for planting. When planting, the plant should not be too deep into the soil, as it will not grow and may disappear in the future.

To make the honeysuckle bush look decorative and attractive, the shoots should be tied up, and the old branches should be cut to the root. If you install the necessary support and properly tie up the shrub, then in a fairly short period of time you can wrap around a gazebo or fence.

Cypress

A beautiful evergreen tree that can reach a height of one to twenty-five meters. The crown can be cylindrical or rounded. Cypress cones have an attractive shape that resembles a flower bud. To date, more than a hundred species of cypress are known.

The tree is undemanding to the soil, tolerates drought well, but doesn't handle frost well. Prefers well-lit areas, can tolerate only slight shading, if the tree grows in full shade, then the crown crumbles in the future. At the end of summer, the tree should be pruned so that neat bushes form in the future. The most suitable method of propagation is cuttings.

Juniper

The plant grows up to three meters in height. The bark of young trees is red-brown, while that of adults is brown. The plant has a pleasant smell. The cones are gray in color and resemble berries in appearance. A tree is planted in the middle of spring or autumn in a well-lit place. Minimal maintenance- watering, periodic loosening of the soil and top dressing. Juniper does not need to be pruned, only if you want to form a hedge from it. Propagated by layering, seeds or cuttings.

Fir

The tree has a slender trunk and a lush conical crown. In fir, unlike other conifers, the lower branches retain their decorative effect for a long time. The bark of the tree is smooth and grey. The needles are soft, bright green. The roots of the plant are powerful, growing deep into the ground.

More than fifty species of fir are known. It is better to plant a tree in April or September. For fir ideal for wet soil and well-lit places, does not tolerate stagnant moisture. But during the drought period, the fir must be well moistened.

Ivy

This plant is classified as a climbing liana shrub that can grow up to thirty meters in height. The leaves of the ivy are green and large; in the autumn, the shrub blooms with yellow-green small flowers. Ivy grows for a long time, with the help of supports you can form beautiful compositions for fences, balconies and arbors from it. It tolerates shade well, but prefers full sun. Propagated by cuttings.

boxwood

A plant ideal for borders. It lends itself well to a haircut, grows in both sunny and shaded places, it can be used to form various shapes. The main conditions for growth and development are drained soil and timely watering. Seedlings are planted from spring to autumn. When planting, the plants are placed at a distance of forty centimeters from each other. Boxwood is propagated by bending the shoots to the ground. The leaves of the plant are poisonous, so after working with the bush, be sure to wash your hands. Boxwood often freezes, so in the fall you should mulch the soil with needles, and cover the plants with burlap.

Evergreen plant species are often categorized as boring plants because of their stability. And in vain. After all, these green beauties can surprise not only with a crown that remains in winter, but also with an amazing variety.

The range of evergreen shrubs, trees, grasses and vines can allow anyone to find the right solution for many artistic challenges. Variety concerns not only beauty, but also size, height and growth rate. Even for a small garden, it is possible to pick up amazing options that do not take up much area of the site.

Evergreen representatives do not need complex and time-consuming care. You just need to choose the right place for planting and the right soil. With proper care, they will become a decoration for any landscape composition.