Makar Chudra is a romantic work. Analysis of the story "Makar Chudra" (Gorky). Features of romanticism in the story "Makar Chudra"

The work belongs to the early work of the writer and is his first work, written in Tiflis under the influence of one of his friends.

By genre the work is a story in the style of romanticism.

Composition structure of the story is presented as a legend in the story, framed by the philosophical reasoning of the narrator, on whose behalf the narration is being conducted.

Plot. The exposition of the work is the story of a fifty-eight-year-old gypsy about the love story of two representatives of the gypsy people, represented in the image of Zobar and Radda, who are strong, freedom-loving personalities, whose fate turns out to be tragic.

Distinctive features of the story are the use by the author of a peculiar gypsy speech, which gives it a special flavor, representing an important element of the compositional structure. In addition, the story is distinguished by an unusual philosophical pathos writing style, wisdom and relationship with the common people, expressed in a surprisingly juicy, melodic and poetic language in the form of colorful expressive comparisons, personifications and metaphors, making the plot narration reminiscent of a fairy tale, legend.

Main theme The story consists in depicting freedom, internal and physical, human character and will, the limits of pride and ambition, love and its strength.

main character The story is an old gypsy Makar Chudra, presented in the form of a melancholy person, indifferent to the world around him, who considers his own happiness to be the goal of life. It is the hero who tells the narrator the love story of another main characters in the person of Radda and Zobar, who, being proud, freedom-loving, selfish young people, could not save their own love, resulting in the death of a girl at the hands of her lover, and then his death, which became revenge Radda's father.

Key issues The work is the author's reasoning about the need not only to live for the sake of one's own ego, but also the ability to sacrifice for the sake of a loved one, even precious freedom.

The originality of the story it seems that the writer uses natural sketches in the form of endless southern expanses, expressing the serenity and majesty of nature in front of the insignificance of human existence and the pettiness of human problems and suffering.

The work lies in the need to preserve one's own freedom, but the ability to be happy in love, rejecting cruelty and selfishness, which are an integral part of human existence. The writer demonstrates to the reader the consequences of displaying excessive pride and selfishness, which are human dramas and tragedies.

Option 2

“Makar Chudra” is the earliest printed work of M. Gorky, who at that time still called himself by his real name - A.M. Peshkov. It was first published in the newspaper "Kavkaz" in 1892, and was signed by the author's pseudonym - M. Gorky, under which the writer soon became famous throughout the world.

The protagonist of the work is an old gypsy named Makar Chudra, whose main life value was freedom, and he would not exchange it for any wealth of the world. In his opinion, the peasant is the same as the slave, and was born in order to plow the land all his life. His unbridled desire for freedom is manifested in the characters of the main characters of the legend he told. They perceive their own love as a strong chain that binds their freedom and independence.

They confess their love to each other, but at the same time each of them tries to dominate, which ultimately leads to serious disagreements in the relationship, and then to the death of the heroes. Thus, pride and love, the manifestation of which reaches its maximum, are not able to get along with each other. For Makar Chudra, the heroes of the told legend are an example of love of freedom. If there is a choice between freedom and life, a person must choose the first one, which was done by the heroes of the legend - Loiko Zobar and Radda.

Another feature of the story is the almost imperceptible presence of the author of the work. His image can be traced between the lines, the reader guesses his presence, he sees that the author does not fully share the point of view of Makar Chudra. The author draws the reader's attention to the fact that the pride of Loiko and Radda doomed them to eternal loneliness and the impossibility of being happy. No matter how independent they may be, as a result they themselves become slaves of the freedom they cherish so much. They are unable to make a sacrifice in the name of love, for the sake of a loved one.

To express the feelings of the characters and show his own vision, the author is helped by such a technique as a landscape sketch, in the center of which is the sea, the power of the water element. At the beginning of the story, it is calm, only a small breeze runs over the surface of the water, and the bushes rustle on the shore. As the conflict between the characters matures, the weather deteriorates more and more, it starts to rain, the wind intensifies, the sea rustles and rumbles, as if singing a solemn and gloomy hymn to proud lovers.

A detailed analysis of Gorky's work Makar Chudra

In the work there is an orientation of romanticism, and the main idea of romanticism is the love of heroes for freedom. Heroes reject the generally accepted way of society, they have their own views on the world and interests.

The hero is always alone; he does not find satisfaction in communicating with society. And communication takes place mainly with nature. Makar Chudra is a romantic story. The story of the relationship between Loiko Zobar and Radda helps to reveal the true character of the old gypsy.

Makar is an old gypsy and his main love in life is freedom. He tells the story of two lovers, for whom freedom is the main goal and meaning of life. Radd loves the will so much that this love for freedom overshadows even the love for Loiko.

As a result, Makar concludes that the only way out of this situation is death. After all, a gypsy cannot betray his love for freedom, and he also cannot betray his love for a loved one. And at the same time feeling love, neither Loiko nor Radd can subdue their pride and submit to each other.

And therefore, Makar fully agrees with the actions of the young couple, because this is how a person proves his love for the will. Young people loved each other so much that they could not live without a friend.

But Radda told Loiko to prove his love to her by bowing at her feet in front of the whole gypsy camp. In response, he plunged a knife into her heart, Radda's father immediately killed Loiko. Such is the love of freedom among gypsies.

Gypsies value freedom above all else, so a sedentary lifestyle and work is not for them. They are ready to travel all their lives and love freedom and nature above all material values and comfort.

Gypsies recognize love, mutual and not interfering with freedom. Otherwise, it is completely abandoned. If it interferes with freedom. The author shows the reader a different way of life. And talks about him in a neutral way, and does not fully support him or call for him.

He simply shows the reader a different way of life, in which the gypsies lead a freedom-loving and independent of public opinion and position in society. It shows the reader the opportunity to be special, not like everyone else.

Makar tells a story about gypsies in love to a young listener. He is romantically inclined, loves nature, life and everything beautiful. Makar, on the other hand, gives him an example of a young couple of gypsies, in which Loiko is a kind, freedom-loving and outspoken guy.

The girl is very, beautiful, proud and wayward, and because of this misunderstanding and unwillingness to obey each other, their love ended in tragedy. Which Makar expresses as the consequences of love and talks about the fact that you need to love will and nature.

The main idea and purpose of the work is to show strong and courageous people. Makar in the story recalls his colleague and immediately says that human trafficking is not according to human laws. After all, so much has been lived, and only slave owners did these vile actions.

And therefore, he does not fully accept either slavery or people who worship and obey the will of other people.

The most important in the story are the brave and unconquered gypsies. Makar and the whole camp follow the way of life of Radda and Loiko. In the story, the gypsies are the most courageous and fearless people who, fearing nothing, are fighting for their freedom and independence.

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The main features of romanticism. romantic hero. Romantic works "Old Woman Izergil", "Makar Chudra". Compositional features of stories. Author: Zyuzina Olga Dmitrievna, teacher of Russian language and literature, secondary school 1, Zabaikalsk, Zabaikalsky Krai.

Romanticism is a direction in literature, an artistic type of creativity, a characteristic feature of which is the display and reproduction of life outside the real-concrete connections of a person with the surrounding reality, the image of an exceptional personality, often lonely and not satisfied with the present, striving for the ideal and therefore in conflict with society, with people.

The main features of romanticism The basis of style is the image of the inner world of a person. The central idea is the glorification of a person who enters the battle with a hostile environment, the suffering and death of the hero in the struggle. Style features: appeal to folk art; the use of themes, language, images, intonation characteristic of folk songs, ballads, epic; an abundance of metaphors, epithets, symbols; creation of a lyrical landscape.

Seagulls groan before the storm, groan, rush over the sea and are ready to hide their horror before the storm at its bottom. And the loons also groan, they, the loons, cannot enjoy the battle of life: the thunder of blows frightens them. The stupid penguin timidly hides his fat body in the rocks... Only the proud Petrel flies boldly and freely over the sea, gray with foam! The petrel flies with a cry, like a black lightning, like an arrow pierces the clouds, breaks the foam of the waves with its wing. This brave Petrel proudly flies between the lightning bolts over the roaring sea, then the prophet of victory shouts: Let the storm rage more strongly! ..

I lived a good life!.. I know happiness!.. I fought bravely!.. I saw the sky... You won't see it so close!.. Oh, you poor fellow! "Fly or crawl, the end is known: everyone will lie down in the ground, everything will be dust..." strong in spirit, you will always be a living example, a proud call to freedom, to the light! We sing a song to the madness of the brave! .. "

Old Woman Izergil Which of the heroes is close to Old Woman Izergil: Danko or Larre? Option 1 Read the portrait characteristics of the old woman Izergil in her youth and old age. Which character does she look like? Support your opinion by referring to the text. Option 2 Tell us about the life of the old woman Izergil. What has she dedicated her life to? The old woman Izergil and Larra are both beautiful in their youth, but only a shadow remains of both. They went through life leaving nothing behind. Individualism The individualism of the ancient old woman makes her related to the hero of the legend. Her life, like Danko's life, is devoted to love. But she loved only for herself. She easily forgot old love for the sake of a new one, left loved ones. Her indifference strikes indifference and brings her closer to Larra. Live with people, but for yourself

Light Darkness Good Thinks about people Thinks about himself Evil Despise the laws of society Selfishness, individualism pride, crime Sacrifices himself to save people Love for people, feat in the name of saving others Burning heart that illuminates the road Worthless ghost, shadow, heart of stone

What expressions are called apt? Choose synonyms for this word. Find such expressions in the text. What instructive meaning do they contain? Express your opinion based on one of them. Which of them serves as a parting word for the young? "What do you know young people? If you looked vigilantly in the old days, there will be all the answers ... "" ... for everything that a person takes, he pays with himself: with his mind and strength, sometimes with his life "" In life ... there is always a place for exploits. And those who do not find them for themselves are simply lazy or cowards ... "" Those who do not know how to live would go to bed. Those to whom life is sweet, they sing” “To live, you must be able to do something” “... You go, well, go your own way, without turning aside. Go straight ahead…”

The mustache lay on the shoulders and mingled with the curls, the eyes, like clear stars, burn, and the smile is a whole sun, by God! It was as if he was forged from one piece of iron along with the horse. With such a person, you yourself become better. And I wanted to cry and laugh at the same time, listening to him. Now someone is moaning bitterly for you, asking for help and cutting your chest like a knife. But the steppe tells the sky tales, sad tales. The girl is crying, seeing off the good fellow! A good fellow calls the girl to the steppe. A free, lively song rumbles like thunder, and the sun itself, just look, will dance across the sky to that song!

What is the conflict of the work and how is it resolved? conflict But look, my will can not be crossed - I am a free person and I will live the way I want! Also, I love freedom! Will, Loiko, I love more than you. - Farewell, Loiko! I knew you would do that!.. - Eh! Yes, and I will bow at your feet, proud queen!

Find expressions that bring the story closer to the works of UNT eyes, like clear stars smile - the whole sun sharp teeth wise, like an old man two stones roll at each other like snow threw at us shouted all over the steppe, like a wounded man staggered in the chest, like a tree broken by the wind valiant hearts, he was handsome, like the devil on a holiday, like a feather grass in the wind, swinging in the saddle

What is common in the compositional structure of stories? Composition of stories Images of narrators: Makar Chudra, old woman Izergil. A story within a story: a story about the life of the old woman Izergil, the legend of Danko and Larra; a story about the life of Makar Chudra, a story about Loiko Zobar and Radda. The image of the narrator: a man traveling around Russia, meeting different people. Characteristics of heroes through a portrait Landscape sketches revealing the inner world of heroes

The stories dealt with different philosophies of life: -There are only two forms of life: rotting and burning. The cowardly and greedy will choose the first, the courageous and generous the second; - Who does nothing, nothing will happen to him; -To live one must be able to do something; - Live without people and only for yourself; -Live with people, but for yourself; -To live with people and for people... What philosophy of life is close to you? Give arguments based on reading or life experience.

Individualism - 1. The desire to express one's personality, one's individuality in opposition to the collective. 2. The interests of the individual are higher than the interests of society. Indifference - indifference, indifference, deprivation of interest in something. Antithesis-opposition. Conflict is a collision, a serious disagreement. Composition is the construction of a work of art. The goal is to most fully reveal the image of the main character, who is the spokesman for the author's idea.

The writing

"Makar Chudra" refers to Gorky's early romantic stories. The whole work bears the stamp of this "romantic".

Firstly, this story is a retelling of an old legend. The writer turns to folk art, takes the necessary material from it and introduces it into his work. Secondly, Gorky's heroes are strong, proud, noble, courageous, selfless, thirsty for exploits, freedom-loving gypsies.

It seems to me that it is no coincidence that the writer made the gypsies the main characters of his work. After all, this is one of the most romantic characters. They are always on the road, overcoming endless expanses. Gypsies are always ready to defend their freedom, these people are subject to no one but themselves. Gypsies have their own world, their own traditions. We can say with full confidence that these are exceptional people and exceptional heroes.

Gypsies also have a very unusual appearance: bright costumes, a lot of shiny jewelry. How beautiful are these people! Makar Chudra says this about Radda: “You can’t say anything about her, this Radda, in words. Perhaps her beauty could be played on a violin, and even then to someone who knows this violin as his soul.

Another feature of the story is the pictures of bright, southern, simply fabulous nature. This nature introduces us, it seems to me, into the unusual world of the gypsies: “A damp cold wind blew from the sea, spreading across the steppe the soulful melody of the splash of a wave running ashore and the rustle of coastal bushes.” The steppe and the sea symbolize in the story unlimited freedom, space, where there are no borders or barriers. Here man is his own master. But both the steppe and the sea promise many difficulties, they are deceptive in their calmness. Only an extraordinary and strong person can cope with them. It is these people who "inhabit" Gorky's story.

I must say that the composition of this work is also unusual. It is a story within a story. The old gypsy Makar Chudra acts here as the "second" narrator. At first, he simply talks about life, reflects, shares his impressions with the "first" narrator - the author. Chudra then tells him the legend of Radd and Loiko.

The story is told in the form of a dialogue. Chudra constantly addresses his companion, but we do not hear the answers of the interlocutor of the gypsy. The narrator here is just a listener: “So you walk? This is good! You have chosen a glorious fate for yourself, falcon. That's how it should be: go and look, you've seen enough - lay down and die - that's all!

But it is precisely thanks to the “listener” that we “see” nature in the story, we look at the gypsy through his eyes, and through his consciousness we perceive everything said and told by Chudra.

The conflict in the story is also interesting. This is not a juxtaposition of a hero and society, or a 'good' hero and a 'bad' one. At the same time, this is not an internal conflict between the characters. And Chudra, and Loiko, and Radda harmoniously fit into their gypsy world. They fully accept his philosophy and worldview. These heroes do not want revenge, they are not vain, they do not need money and they are not envious. Loiko "loves horses and nothing else, and that is not for long - he rides and sells, and whoever wants, take the money." And Rudd throws a purse of money into the dirt.

In this story, conflict arises between two romantic, strong characters. This is its feature. Each of these heroes values freedom more than anything else. Loiko says this about it: “I am a free person and I will live the way I want!” And Radda echoes him: "I also love freedom."

And although the heroes fell in love with each other, they cannot give in to each other, it seems to them that in doing so they will lose their freedom. Radda says to Loiko: “Will, Loiko, I love more than you. And I can’t live without you, just as you can’t live without me.”

These heroes cannot live without each other, but they cannot live without freedom either. From here, from this situation, there is only one way out - the death of one or two heroes. And so it happens - Loiko kills Radda and dies at the hands of her father.

Another feature of the story "Makar Chudra" is its aphoristic language. Makar Chudra says laconically and succinctly: “Go and see, you’ve seen enough, lay down and die - that’s all”, “... aren’t you life yourself?”, “... everyone learns by himself”, “this is how you need to live: go, go - and everyone is here”, “Don’t stand in one place for a long time. You run away from thoughts about life, so as not to stop loving it ... "

Makar Chudra lived a lot, saw a lot. His whole life is now expressed in such “life-like” aphorisms, in which the experience, the wisdom of the life lived is visible.

Thus, Gorky's story "Makar Chudra" is a vivid romantic story. It tells about exceptional heroes in exceptional circumstances. This work calls for a bright, bold, eventful life, full of passions and courage of the heart.

Other writings on this work

Heroes of early romantic prose by M. Gorky

The story "Makar Chudra" was written in 1892 and belongs to the early period of Gorky's work. Here his romantic ideals were especially clearly manifested. The story is told from the point of view of the narrator. Framing - a description of the sea and a conversation with an old gypsy. Inside the text is a legend about the love of two gypsies, which Makar Chudra recalls. Thus, we have a story within a story. Below you will find an analysis of the story "Makar Chudra" by Gorky.

Features of romanticism in the story "Makar Chudra"

The main feature of romanticism as a literary trend is duality: the division of the world into real and ideal. The story depicts an ideal world of freedom, beauty, songs and music, beautiful freedom-loving people. Already in the exposition, Makar Chudra contrasts the eternal vegetation of the townsfolk, their shameful slavery with freedom and understanding of the world. People, according to the hero, are not born in order to "dig the earth." He thinks about man: “Does he know his will? Is the expanse of the steppe understandable? Does the sound of the sea wave gladden his heart? This is the meaning and purpose of life: in the understanding of the world, the knowledge of its secrets. What else becomes clear when we analyze the story "Makar Chudra"?

In the center of attention in romanticism is an exceptional hero, free, beautiful, standing above the surrounding everyday life. Such characters in the story are Loiko Zobar and Radda. Most of all they value the ideal of freedom. Heroes are guided by feelings, passion, not reason.

The landscape in romanticism is not just a background of action, it carries a special semantic load. The love of romantics for sea and mountain views is well known. It is in the boundless expanses of the sea and mountains that the free and passionate soul of an exceptional hero can find a response. The main technique in depicting nature is personification: “the sea sang a gloomy and solemn hymn”, “the darkness of the autumn night trembled” and timidly moved away. Makar Chudra, a philosopher, a wise old gypsy, is in complete unity with the outside world, the quiet lapping of the waves, the beauty of the sea.

In the finale, the narrator seems to be immersed in an ideal world: the melody of the sea draws him to where the proud Loiko Zobar and the beautiful Radda whirl in an eternal dance.

Analysis of the story "Makar Chudra" - conflict

In a short story, Gorky touches on several serious topics. These are questions about freedom and slavery, the meaning of human life, the beauty of nature and the world as a whole, about love and pride.

The conflict is based on the antithesis of freedom - slavery. For Makar Chudra, freedom is an opportunity to enjoy life, the absence of any restrictions. Loiko and Radda value, first of all, personal freedom, independence from other people, not only external, but also internal. They put will above everything, even above love. This is the main conflict. To fall in love for the heroes means to submit to another person, but they cannot do this, it is contrary to their nature. Therefore, a vicious circle situation arises. It is no coincidence that Radda says: “Will, Loiko, I love more than you. And I can’t live without you, just as you can’t live without me.” Even a brief analysis of the story "Makar Chudra" allows us to clearly understand this idea.

A beautiful gypsy woman can only love a strong man, whom she cannot make submissive to herself, but, having fallen in love, she will not obey herself. She gives a task to her lover in order to test him, and knows in advance that Loiko will not fulfill the condition to bow to her in front of the whole camp. Therefore, when the gypsy plunges a knife into her chest, Radda, smiling, says that she knew what he would do. She smiles because the hero passed the test of strength of character and love of freedom, he turned out to be worthy of Radda's love. But the paradox lies in the fact that love and pride were incompatible, so the heroes die.

This article presented an analysis of the story "Makar Chudra". We hope you found this article helpful. Our literary blog was created with the aim of highlighting different aspects of the works of world literature and their authors. Read also

What needs to be done to take a fresh look at the world? Survive an important event, visit an unknown place. But how to get acquainted with a different attitude to life? Gorky's story "Makar Chudra" solves all the questions posed. This early work of the writer goes beyond the romantic sketch, as it is traditionally considered to be. This creation has a philosophical connotation and remains relevant to this day.

"Makar Chudra" is the first story of the young writer Alexei Peshkov, which he published under the pseudonym M. Gorky. This bright debut took place in 1892 in the newspaper "Kavkaz". The author then worked in the provincial newspaper of Tiflis, and the impetus for writing was conversations with A. Kalyuzhny, a revolutionary and a wanderer. It was this man who first saw a talented prose writer in the young writer and inspired Alexei with confidence in his own abilities. It was he who helped Gorky take the first step into the world of great literature - to publish a work. The writer was grateful to Kalyuzhny and considered him his teacher.

The story, like many other early works of Gorky, is called by the name of the main character - an old gypsy. And it is no coincidence: Makar is translated from Greek as “happy”, and Chudra is an occasionalism of the creator of the text, whose etymology probably goes back to the word “miracle”.

Genre and direction

Gorky's early work is permeated with the spirit of romanticism: the author asks questions about the ideal, about freedom, the meaning of life. As a rule, these topics are heard in the narration of a hero wise by experience, and these memories are presented to a still young interlocutor with an unformed worldview. So, for example, in the gypsy work under consideration, Makar Chudra tells the young man about his fate, about what he appreciates, what, in his opinion, is worth appreciating.

Here is presented a view that is in many ways exotic to the average reader: is there happiness in a settled life? What is true will? In the heroes there is no struggle between reason and feeling: unconditionally preference is given to passion and will. They are worth living for, they are worth dying for. In order to form the most complete picture of the direction of Gorky's early work, pay attention to.

Composition

The main feature of the composition is that Gorky in his work uses the story-within-story technique: the young hero hears from the lips of Chudra the legend of a daring gypsy named Loiko Zobar. This beautiful story is framed by Makar's philosophical reasoning, presented in the form of replicas. This method of presentation is reminiscent of the nature of confession.

The story about Loika has a classic three-part composition: the introduction of the hero, his character and environment, the culmination - the main conflict of the character and his romantic resolution at the end of the story.

The work is looped by a description of the sea - an unflappable element that symbolizes freedom and eternity.

Conflict

The main conflict of the work is freedom and slavery. The story is permeated with a clash of two fundamentally different worldviews: people of a nomadic way of life and a settled one. It is this conflict that becomes the stimulus for the memory of the legend of Loika Zobar. Some value freedom, both internal and external, which is expressed in the rejection of the possession of material wealth and independence from anyone. The inability to obey is due to pride and self-esteem. Any worship of such a person is seen as slavery, with which a free soul will never agree.

This attitude to life led to the death of two young people who continue to be admired even after death. Radda admitted that she loves Loika, but still freedom is more than him. The passionately loving gypsy could not come to terms with such a revelation: he could not lose his will for the sake of someone who could not make the same sacrifice.

About what?

The old gypsy Makar Chudra reflects on the existence, freedom and destiny of man. He recalls the story of the daring Loika Zobar. He was handsome, strong and incredibly talented. The daring man allowed himself to play with women's hearts, because he could not find his equal, that worthy girl. The meeting with the beauty turned his life upside down: he realized that he could be happy only by possessing her, or death. The obstinate gypsy puts will above love and invites her knight to bow at her feet in front of the whole camp - to submit to her. A young gypsy cannot go on such a humiliation in front of a woman: he decides to test her stone heart for strength with his knife. Radda's father repays him in kind - this is how these lovers unite in heaven.

Main characters and their characteristics

The image of Makar Chudra appears before us first in this story. The author's admiration for this man is felt: the writer repeatedly refers to the fact that the hero is already 58 years old, but he still retains his powerful physique. His conversation with the young man resembles the philosophical dialogue of a self-satisfied sage with a student. The main thesis of Makar Chudra is that you are your own life. It is better to be free from prejudice than to listen to imaginary instructions. The standard of such a free and independent personality for him is Loiko Zobar.

This young gypsy was incredibly kind and talented, his pride did not grow into pride: it was a sincere joy of freedom, the opportunity to enjoy the expanses of this world. His crime was not out of fear of what other gypsies would say. No, this is not such a character. Love supplanted the passion for will, but Radda did not feel the same feeling for Loika, in order to fill the place of her former life in his heart. The young man could not survive this grief, there could be no other outcome: the path of humiliation is not for a proud gypsy, longing for his beloved is not for a warm heart.

Themes

Freedom. Nomads value independence from all material things and do not understand how one can spend all their years working endlessly in the field and arranging their home. So for the entire period that is released from above, you can not see anything in the world, and not comprehend wisdom.
Love. For the main characters, love has a special value: for it you can kill, give your life. Everything is radical and clear: this feeling is either in the first place, or it should be torn out of the heart.
Nature. She acts as the keeper of the secrets of knowledge. Only she knows will, willfulness, independence. The landscape in the story is rich in symbols: the steppe and the sea - freedom, the cultivated field - slavery.
Meaning of life. The text is permeated with philosophical reflections on the search for the purpose of being: wandering or cultivation, the search for beauty or everyday life? The old gypsy offers his point of view to the Russian youth, and it seems that he manages to charm the young interlocutor with it.

Issues

Freedom and slavery. Such an antithesis concerns absolutely all topics: from love to the way of being. What is really worth spending your life on: "go and see" or stay and settle down? Perhaps the worldview of a nomad and a peasant are alien to each other, but still everyone has something to learn for themselves.
The impossibility of love. The wayward beauty does not respond with the same feeling to Loika, but offers to submit. In the depths of her soul, the enchantress knows what this gypsy will do. Is it possible to say that she deliberately doomed herself to death, that she wanted to die for the sake of his passionate love? Probably yes, because two loves fought inside Radda: for a young man and for freedom, and she lost this battle in favor of her will. But was the girl happy with this outcome of the internal conflict? Hardly. That's why she made the offer. Loiko, on the other hand, could not come to terms with such a decision by Radda, which prompted him to do just that. These heroes were worth each other: the young gypsy also understood that his father would avenge her - only death would unite proud hearts.

The meaning of the story

Showing an exotic worldview for the majority of the readership, Gorky reminds the public of the natural, primordial beginning of man, when he was not tied to his place, home, things. The position of the author is expressed in the rejection of a slavish attitude to life. It is worth remembering that this writer would later say: "Man - that sounds proud." Gorky is outraged by the cowardice of people, their attention to public opinion, their thoughtless adherence to accepted orders. It is worth noting that he does not follow the path of ridiculing the current situation. A different method is proposed here: it shows people of other faiths with completely different values and preferences.

The idea of “Makar…” is to remember your individuality, not to merge with the masses. Perhaps Gorky hopes that his creation will make the same bewitching impression on the reader as it did on the young listener of Makar Chudra. Thus, people will awaken the desire to discover a new life for themselves.