When to plant chamomile seedlings outdoors. Snow-white garden chamomile can decorate any area. Species and varieties

Many plants can “dress up” the courtyard of a private house. A real fairy that can transform a boring place is a perennial garden chamomile. Planting the plant and caring for it outdoors is quite simple, and the large white flower heads will create a good mood. In everyday life, these beautiful tall flowers are called daisies because of their color resemblance to field chamomile - white petals and a yellow center.

The specific name of the ornamental culture is nivyanik, or popovnik. The plant is sometimes called "leucanthemum" in stores, voicing the Latin name of the species: Leucanthemum vulgare.

Description

Nivyanik, or perennial garden chamomile, belongs to the Astrovs, grows up to 15-80 cm. The root is short, with small branches. The stem is slightly faceted, straight, surrounded below by a rosette of oblong serrated leaves. The oblong stem leaves along the edges are also jagged, bright green. Inflorescences - baskets with yellow central tubular flowers and white pseudolingual marginal. Baskets of varietal plants reach from 6 to 12 cm in diameter, the color of marginal flowers also varies - from white to yellow. The fruits are small seeds.

All varieties of garden chamomile are cut for a very long time, up to 7-10 days.

Species and varieties

Wild cornflower grows almost everywhere, there are up to twenty species. It has been grown for a long time, and numerous varieties are distributed in gardens, differing in the shape of the petals, shade and structure of the basket.

• Christine Hagemann

The Christine Hageman variety is bred from the largest cornflower, grows up to 1 m. The baskets are large, 8-10 cm in diameter, the color is a classic chamomile combination: white with a yellow center. Blooms from July to mid-August.

• Chamomile autumn

The species is also called late leucanthemum. This impressive flower up to 1.5-2 m high is a rare guest in our gardens. The bush is stable, with a crown of lush, large snow-white flowers up to 8-10 cm in diameter. Blooms in August.

• Alaska

A variety of long-flowering garden chamomile. Plant up to 70-80 cm high, inflorescence diameter 10-12 cm. Blooms in June-July. The marginal petals are beautifully curved.

• Russian beauty

Perennial chamomile grows up to 70 cm, inflorescences are large, semi-double, up to 10 cm. White petals are dissected at the ends.

• Fiona Coghill

The amazing Fiona Coghill variety is distinguished by densely double pompon inflorescences 7-8 cm in diameter with a yellow center barely visible behind the cap of the petals. The height of a strong stem of garden chamomile is 70 cm. It blooms in July and August.

• Maxima Kenig

Chamomile is high, from 70 cm to 1 m, with strong peduncles. Baskets 1–2 rows, 10–12 cm in diameter. Blooms in June-July.

• Paladin

Variety Paladin up to 50-60 cm high. Inflorescences are original, 3-4-row, lush, with a large center. Petals of the usual form for a leucanthemum.

• Aglaia

Chamomile garden Aglaya rises to 60-70 cm. The flowers of this variety have interesting terry inflorescences 10 cm in diameter with dissected narrow petals. Pleases with long flowering - from June to the end of August.

• Crazy Daisy

Fancy, randomly twisted wide petals of perennial chamomile Crazy Daisy with a yellow center create inflorescences 8-10 cm in diameter. The bush grows up to 70 cm, blooms in the second half of summer. The same twisted, but narrow petals boast chamomile varieties Ostrich feather, Yarmarka and others.

• little princess

Daisies are perennial undersized varieties of Little Princesses grown for borders or edging flower beds. A plant 20 cm high blooms in July, August, baskets reach 5-6 cm in diameter. Many flower stalks grow from the root. The same inflorescences in another low variety Snegurka - up to 30-35 cm tall.


Some graceful varieties - Edelweiss, Wirral Supreme, Victorian Secret, Ringlets - are distinguished by short and inwardly twisted edge petals that are closer to the center. They form a kind of snow-white crown around the yellow center.

In varieties of garden chamomile Lemon Curly, Gold Finch, Real Dream, Goldrausch, Broadway Lights, the marginal petals are colored yellow.

Large baskets will be on chamomile bushes, which are transplanted annually.

reproduction

Garden daisies are propagated by growing from seeds and dividing the bushes.

seeds

There are two ways of sowing: winter (in open ground) and spring (seedlings). Not all varieties are sown before winter.

It should be noted that terry and varietal cornflowers will not repeat the signs of the mother plant when grown from seeds.

Reproduction by spring seedlings is considered more reliable.

• In March, a light and loose substrate of sand and peat is laid out in pots and 2-3 chamomile seeds are placed to a depth of 0.5 cm.
• Containers covered with foil are placed near the window until germination, regularly moistening the soil.
• Shoots are shown in 10-15 days.

Bright sunlight interferes with the germination of chamomile seeds. Containers with crops should not be placed on the windowsill.

Nivyanik seedlings are carefully looked after.

• Seedlings need to be covered for at least 14 hours. For this, special phytolamps or fluorescent lamps are used.
• Watered with moderately settled warm water.
• If all the achenes have sprouted, the less developed plant is removed by pinching off or cutting off the stem. You can not pull out a seedling, so as not to damage the other.
• Plants are planted in open ground in May-June, in warm ground.

The seedling is pinched over the 3-4th leaf so that a bush with several shoots will form in the future.

division

In the third or fourth year of growth, chamomile bushes must be divided and transplanted to rejuvenate the plant. Over time, the bushes thicken, and the shoots from the planting center die off.

A transplant in the spring is painfully tolerated by the plant. Bushes are transplanted in September or October, choosing cool cloudy weather. Fertile soil is poured in place of the dug out delenki.

Care

Perennial garden chamomile is quite unpretentious. But you need to choose the right site for the plant - sunny, without close groundwater and with neutral soil. On acidic soils, alkalization is carried out, adding per 1 sq. m 300 g of lime or dolomite flour. Before planting, the soil is mixed with humus (a bucket of 1 sq. M), they are added to the wells. Plants are seated at a distance of 20-40 cm, depending on the strength of the growth of the bushes. After watering, the ground is mulched to retain moisture.

In the care of garden chamomile, in addition to regular watering, loosening the earth and removing weeds, periodic top dressing is included.

• Florists recommend in the spring to carry out dry top dressing with ammonium nitrate - without subsequent watering, scattering fertilizer between the bushes (1 tablespoon per square meter).
• If the leaves do not please with rich greenery, chamomile is supported with urea in the bud phase: 1-2 tablespoons per 10 liters of water.
• In the spring, a solution of nitrophoska is also used: 35-40 g per bucket of water.
• At the beginning of flowering, they are fed with a solution of potassium sulfate and superphosphate: 20 g per 10 liters.

Flowers will delight for a long time if wilted baskets are removed. Before winter, the stems are cut, the plants are covered with fallen leaves or other mulch.

Diseases and pests

Garden chamomile can be affected by fungal diseases.

• With Fusarium, the roots rot, the stems and leaves turn yellow.
• A whitish coating that turns brown over time is a sign of powdery mildew.
• Reddish spots on top of the leaves appear with rust.
• Dead tissue of the leaves, covered with gray fluff, occurs with gray rot.

Diseased plants are removed, and all plantings are treated with fungicides (Oksihom, Topaz, Fundazol are suitable).

Thrips and aphids attack the fresh greens of perennial daisies. If pest colonies are noticed, they are treated with insectoacaricides: Actellik, Agravertin, Karbofos.

Designers' Choice

An unsurpassedly beautiful garden chamomile easily forms magnificent combinations with other flowers.

• Snow-white luxurious bouquets of leucanthemum harmoniously look with bright poppies, bluebells, cornflowers, phloxes, daylilies, carnations,.
• Daisies create sophisticated compositions with peristalka, other tall ornamental grasses.
• Nivyaniks are planted on the borders, in the corners, recreating the Russian rural landscape.

Unpretentious plants will decorate the sunny garden area. Rest near a curtain of cheerful flowers will be complete, and they require so many worries.

- a very beautiful flower that adorns for many years. It is unpretentious and does not need super complicated care. However, do not neglect the following guide, as insufficient or irregular care can lead to sad consequences.

First of all, when taking care of a large garden chamomile, you need to consider three "golden" rules:

• avoid excessive watering;
• prevent the expansion of weeds;
• do not forget to regularly loosen the soil.

Nevertheless, in the care of the plant, there are a number of special cases related to reproduction, preparation for the winter "rest" and the prevention of fungal infections. What does a gardener who grows or decides to grow a large garden chamomile need to know in order for the plant to feel comfortable?

Morphological description

Chamomile large (giant) garden- a perennial herbaceous bush plant belonging to the Aster family (Asteraceae). Feature - large inflorescences, mainly with snow-white petals and a yellow core.

Often a large garden chamomile is called a daisy. From a botanical point of view, this name is incorrect: the daisy belongs to the same family, however, the chamomile flowers are slightly smaller, and the leaves are thinner and more delicate, not whole.

Garden chamomile is a branchy plant with many inflorescences on one bush. The buds are large, dense, pronounced. The stem is elastic, strong. A healthy plant can bloom all summer. In many cases, the morphology of garden chamomile is associated with belonging to a particular variety.

Popular types and varieties of large garden chamomile.

A giant of its kind the stem reaches 90 cm in height, and the diameter of the opened bud is more than 15 cm. It is frost-resistant, easily tolerates drought. But for the most spectacular flowering requires regular watering.

In addition to aesthetic qualities, leucanthemum is known for its healing qualities. Most often used for cutting. To this variety belongs Terry chamomile- characterized by an abundance of petals filling the core. Terry chamomile is practically not inferior to the largest variety - leucanthemum, reaching 70 cm in height.

North Star

A favorite of gardeners, it is resistant to drought, size (stem length - 60-70 cm) and radiant whiteness of inflorescences. It is not recommended to plant seedlings in shady corners of the garden. Planting seedlings is possible in spring or autumn, however, flowering occurs only in the second year.

Princess

Sun-loving perennial with lush white inflorescences. It reaches a height of no more than 35 cm with a diameter of an opened bud of up to 10 cm. Unlike the Northern Star, the Princess prefers moist soil. The flowering period is the longest: from July to mid-October.

Alaska

Large-flowered plant, reaching 90 cm in height. The diameter of the inflorescence is up to 12 cm. It is planted, as a rule, in the fall and pleases with flowering the next summer. The variety is unpretentious, endures drought and, like its "botanical counterparts", loves sunlight.

Color varieties

Thanks to the experiments of breeders, there are more than 100 multi-colored species, among which the most popular are:

1. Feverfew Rose or Persian Chamomile has a lot of varieties that differ in the saturation of the color of the petals. Often grown as a cut, harmonizing in a bouquet with other field plants. For Persian chamomile, both a lack and an excess of moisture are detrimental. Feels comfortable in the shade. The flowering period lasts all summer.
2. Red feverfew similar to pink, which often leads to confusion. The peculiarity is large bright red inflorescences, which is why it is sometimes called meat-red feverfew.
3. yellow doronicum- characterized by a bright yellow color of the petals. Flowering occurs early - in the second half of March. During this period, the plant reaches 70 cm in height. Yellow doronicum reproduces rapidly without requiring specific care. Tolerates frost. Undemanding to lighting, blooms longer in shady corners of the garden.
4. Separately, it is worth mentioning the blue chamomile, which is distinguished by the dark blue color of the inflorescences. It is an annual plant growing up to 60 cm in height. It is best known for being used in medicine and cosmetology for the preparation of essential oil.
5. (or orange small petal) is a perennial herbaceous plant with narrow bright orange petals. Sun-loving variety, grows quickly. It is used to decorate flower beds, less often - for cutting.

Photo gallery: a variety of colors of colored chamomile

Growing on the site

There are several ways to grow garden chamomile. Which method to choose depends on what time of the year the landing takes place.

Seedling growing method

1. a recess is made in the ground up to 30 cm;
2. fertilizer is laid in the hole: compost or organo-mineral mixture;
3. it is not necessary to remove old soil from the roots in order to avoid damage;
4. the soil after planting must be irrigated.

Flowering should come next year, but much depends on the characteristics of the variety.

The division of the bush

It is better to plant by dividing the bush in the first half of autumn every 2-3 years. Planting a flower is necessary for more spectacular flowering, which fades as the bush grows.

1. the rhizome is divided into parts with several points of growth;
2. the seat should slightly exceed the size of the rhizome of the planted plant;
3. it is desirable to pre-fertilize the hole, straighten the root;
4. after planting, the soil is compacted and watered.

Flowering occurs the next year.

If chamomile is grown for cutting and to form bouquets, division is the most suitable method of cultivation.

Growing from seed

Tips for growing large chamomile seeds:

• To collect seeds, it is necessary to wait for the peduncles to ripen (the petals must dry out and the baskets turn brown).
• Cut and dry the inflorescences.
• Dry the seeds and remove rubbish from them.
• It is recommended to store the seeds in a paper bag with an air hole.

The sowing period is autumn and spring.

Sow chamomile as follows:

• seeds are sown to a depth of no more than 2 cm;
• distance between rows - 20 cm;
• beds are recommended to be mulched.

How to plant a large garden chamomile in the garden?

Soil preparation and planting site selection:

When and how to plant?

• Sowing seeds takes place in late May - late July.
• To grow seedlings, seeds are sown in March in specially prepared pots with drainage (or ordinary plastic cups, but we must not forget to make a hole from below).
• Planting by dividing the rhizome is carried out in September - early October.
• Seedlings are planted in May.

When is the best time to transplant garden chamomile?

The plant takes root well, but for more spectacular flowering, when transplanting, mineral dressings or compost are placed in the hole.

Caring for a large garden chamomile

Watering and feeding

The plant needs regular, but not excessive watering. Do not forget to mulch or drain the soil. both organic and mineral are suitable.

Mandatory supplements:

• nitrophoska- 2 tbsp. l. fertilizer / 10 l of water (composition for May top dressing);
• superphosphate or potassium sulfate - 1 tbsp. l / 10 l of water.

Care after flowering and preparation for winter

After flowering, the plant also requires watering and loosening the root soil. We must not forget to destroy the weed. With the end of flowering, new leaves appear in place of dead leaves, so the plant requires regular fertilization. Well suited for this: fresh mullein or an infusion of bird droppings.

As a rule, a large garden chamomile endures frosts in open ground, but it is better not to take risks and cover the bed with leaves before snow falls.

Pruning and rejuvenation of the bush

To strengthen the rhizome and form new shoots, it is not recommended to leave the stems on the vine - they must be cut off. After the chamomile has faded, the entire aerial part of the plant is cut off to 10-15 cm from the ground.

Bush rejuvenation is the pruning of a part of the root system, takes place 5 years after planting, after which it is repeated after 3 years.

How is rejuvenation carried out?

1. the rhizome is divided in half, one of the parts of the root system is removed;
2. compost and new fertile soil are laid in place of the removed part of the rhizome.

During subsequent rejuvenation, the older part of the rhizome is removed.

Diseases and pests

With improper care, a large garden chamomile is susceptible to fungal infections:

Used to prevent infections. In case of severe damage, the plant is best removed.

Timely weeding and loosening of the soil, as well as preventive treatment with insecticides, will help reduce the risk of pest damage.

Large garden chamomile in landscape design

A large garden chamomile is famous in floristry and serves as a flower bed, where it goes well with other garden flowers. Perfectly coexists with unpretentious wild flowers, such as poppies, cornflowers, .

Nivyanik goes well in one composition with flowers such as. In addition, the plant feels comfortable on the Mauritanian lawn. Low-growing varieties adorn the borders. Sometimes I grow garden chamomile in decorative pots on the terraces.

The success of this plant in modern landscape design lies in the duration of flowering and friendliness in relation to other garden plants with which group plantings are formed.

Garden perennial chamomile adorns any flower bed with its large buds. An unpretentious plant needs minimal care and at the same time pleases with massive, long flowering. However, the light "character" of the perennial does not mean that it should be forgotten after planting - like other inhabitants of the flower bed, chamomile requires compliance with the rules of agricultural technology.

The first varieties of garden chamomile were simple, but over many years of breeding work, semi-double and even terry specimens appeared at the disposal of flower growers. The flower beds began to be decorated with cultivated perennials, which adopted unpretentiousness from their wild-growing ancestor and at the same time pleased with more active bud formation, large flowers and a long budding period.

Most often, flower beds are decorated with the following popular varieties:

• "Aphrodite". A characteristic feature of this perennial is a large number of snow-white narrow petals, curling in different directions. The diameter of the flower reaches 10 cm, flowering starts in July and continues until September;
• "Edelweiss". French frost-resistant chamomile, whose terry inflorescences look like blossoming buds of chrysanthemums;
• Crazy Daisy. White-flowered variety with dissected petals, growing up to 70 cm in height;
• "Alaska". The inflorescences of this hybrid are large, reaching 12 cm. The stems are quite high and can grow up to 90 cm;
• "Princess". Compact variety, whose height does not exceed 35 cm. 10-centimeter inflorescences look large against the background of short stems.

Perennial chamomile looks beautiful in group plantings, mixborders and rock gardens. Compositions made up of different varieties and complemented by decorative leafy plants look original.

Successful cultivation of garden chamomile on the site requires compliance with the basic recommendations for choosing a planting site. In general, the bed must meet the following requirements:

• The composition of the soil is slightly acidic, therefore, the preliminary application of slaked soda or dolomite flour is welcome;
• A sufficient amount of sunlight should fall on the flower bed, preferably a good warming of the soil;
• To form powerful, voluminous bushes, the distance between the holes should be 80-100 cm;
• It is necessary to pre-fertilize the site, using 1 bucket of compost for each square meter. The enrichment of the soil with mineral compounds for flowering horticultural crops will positively affect the quality of budding.

It is not recommended to plant young plants too densely - this will lead to depletion of growing bushes, weak flowering and possible diseases.

Ways to plant perennial chamomile

Planting perennial chamomile can be carried out in two ways - by seeds immediately into the ground and for seedlings.

Seed propagation is carried out in several stages:

1. In the last days of May - in early June, the seeds are sown in soil fertilized and warmed by the sun, lightly sprinkled with earth.
2. The beds are moistened a little, covered with a transparent film and periodically ventilated, watering as needed.
3. After germination and the formation of 4 true leaves, the seedlings are thinned out, leaving only the largest and strongest.
4. Grown daisies are planted at a distance of 30-40 cm from each other, you can place 2-3 plants in a hole to form lush bushes.

Chamomile is planted for seedlings in March - for this, seed is evenly distributed in pre-prepared boxes with soil. To create favorable greenhouse conditions, the container is covered with a film or glass and placed in a warm, but shaded place.

The first shoots will appear in about 2 weeks, after which it is advisable to remove the shelter - so young plants can get used to room temperature. So that the daisies do not stretch and form evenly, the box is placed on a bright windowsill with the maximum amount of sunlight. If the weather is cloudy, illuminate the seedlings with fluorescent or LED lamps.

Chamomile picking is carried out after the appearance of 3 true leaves, you can use both peat cups and simple plastic containers filled with slightly acidic nutrient soil. Do not forget about pinching the tops, with the help of which the growth of lateral shoots is stimulated and a beautiful crown is formed.

Planting seedlings of perennial chamomile is carried out only after stable night temperatures are established and the open ground warms up, that is, in the middle or end of May. The minimum distance between the holes is 30-40 cm.

You can also propagate garden chamomile by dividing the bush - in this case, it will bloom quite quickly. It is better to use mature plants planted 3-5 years ago. Carry out the following manipulations:

• The bush is carefully dug up, the earth is shaken off the rhizome;
• The plant is divided into seedlings, each individual chamomile should have a ground part, formed strong roots and growth points;
• A small hole is dug, the dimensions of which are several centimeters larger than the diameter of the rhizome;
• The soil is fertilized with a mineral composition, then the plant is placed in a hole and covered with soil to the growth points.

Such a division contributes to active and lush flowering, so it can be carried out annually.

Systematic care of garden chamomile guarantees not only long-term budding, but also the absence of diseases. Proper agricultural technology comes down to several points:

• Regular weeding from weeds and loosening the soil not only guarantee the cleanliness of the flower bed, but also provide moisture and air access to the root system;
• Abundant watering is especially necessary for the plant during the drought period, as well as immediately after planting. Although the plant tolerates a lack of moisture, it is not worth allowing the soil to dry out strongly;
• Soil mulching is a prerequisite for maintaining moderate and optimal moisture;
• The use of fertilizers is welcomed not only before planting, but also during the flowering period. Mandatory top dressing includes the application of nitrophoska (2 tablespoons per 10-liter bucket) and superphosphate (1 tablespoon per 10 liters of water).

By removing faded buds, you will save the strength of the plant, which will positively affect the quality and duration of flowering. Despite frost resistance, in winters with little snow, garden chamomile can freeze out, therefore, before the onset of cold weather, it is recommended to cut off the ground part, leaving stumps, and cover with peat, spruce branches or fallen leaves.

Terry chamomile is a simple but spectacular plant in any flower bed. Among it there are about 180 varieties. Therefore, in order to understand which of the perennial terry daisies to choose, it is necessary to consider this plant in more detail.

Description of terry chamomile

The herbaceous plant belongs to the Aster family (Asteraceae). Terry chamomile is popularly called leucanthemum. The name is not always correct, since there is a separate variety of terry chamomile - Nivyanik.

Terry chamomile is a decorative perennial with large terry inflorescences.

The stem is thick, elastic and dark green, reaches a length of 30 to 100 cm. The buds are large, dense.

Chamomile terry

Flowering time depends on the variety. On average, the beginning falls on June, the end - in October. Inflorescence with a diameter of 8-12 cm.

Terry chamomile flowers look like chrysanthemums, but are not chrysanthemums. They are soft or firm to the touch. Although there is information in several sources that the leefflower belongs to one of the types of chrysanthemums. Officially, the information is not confirmed in biological encyclopedias.

Interesting! A priori, chamomile flowers are terry snow-white in color, flowers of rare varieties come in cream, milky, chalky shades.

Flowers are suitable for bouquets - they retain freshness for a long time, thin out a pleasant and slightly perceptible aroma, look magnificent and beautiful, especially with a combination of bright accents.

Characteristics of varieties of terry chamomile

In abundance of types of terry chamomile, varieties that have their own individual characteristics are especially popular.

french chamomile

The plant is one of the most winter-hardy among the orders of the Astrov family.

Loves moist soil, it is planted in open ground. Inflorescence - 11 cm. A distinctive feature - blooms from May until frost.

french chamomile

Chamomile Goldfinch

The variety is a golden, double flowers with narrow, dissected petals. Blooms from early June until the first frost (mid-October). The height of the bush is about 50 cm. The absence of light is especially difficult to tolerate. Looks good in group plantings.

Chamomile Goldfinch

Chamomile Nivyanik

Another name is Crazy Daisy Chamomile. The stem grows in the region of 70 cm. Crazy Daisy petals are elongated, dissected, soft. The flowers are snow-white, similar to chrysanthemums in shape. Grows on loose soils, requires a lot of light, space. Loves feed. In May, it is recommended to first plant in a greenhouse, already in June - in open ground.

Chamomile Nivyanik

Chamomile Chrysanthemum

The variety has a large single inflorescence. Diameter - 12 cm. Petals are soft to the touch, fragile. The plant is winter-hardy, does not require a lot of light.

Chamomile Chrysanthemum

Chamomile Edelweiss

It is considered the flower of true love and happiness. The scientific name is leontopodium. Tolerates severe frosts. The flowering period is from early June to late August. The appearance of the inflorescence resembles a lush lion's paw. Likes moist soil, does not require a lot of light.

Chamomile Edelweiss

Chamomile Fiona Goghill

A bushy, pom-pom-like plant. Diameter - 8 cm. Height - about 50 cm. Blooms from early June to August. For the normal development of chamomile requires fertile soil, well-moistened. Loves fertilizer and top dressing.

Chamomile Fiona Goghill

Chamomile Real Night

The flowers are spoon-shaped (narrow in the middle, expanding towards the edges). Arranged in 2 or 3 rows. The stems are massive, about 40 cm long.

Chamomile Real Night

They do not differ in winter hardiness, but have increased resistance to diseases. Blooms in July. Feels good in open sunny areas.

Daisy Little Lady

Reaches only 15 cm in height.

Chamomile Real Glory

Plant height - 75 cm. Marginal flowers are pure white, tubular - pale yellow. Flowers with a diameter of 11 cm. Continuous flowering begins in June and lasts until the end of October. It has increased resistance to diseases and pests.

Chamomile Real Glory

Agricultural technology

When choosing this culture for the site, its features should be taken into account. Each section has its own nuances.

Landing

The soil for planting should be loose, moist. The location is sunny and open. A month before planting, you need to plow, fertilize the soil with mineral or organic additives, and make small holes for planting.

Attention! Almost all varieties require a lot of light. If it is not enough, the plant quickly fades.

There are 3 landing methods:

• Reckless way. Seeds are planted in open, prepared ground in late May or early June. Since the seeds are small, they need to be lightly sprinkled with earth. After 2-3 weeks, the first shoots appear. After the appearance of 3-5 leaves on the plants, the daisies are planted 2 at a distance of 40 cm. If the variety is late, then the terry chamomile will bloom in early autumn, the early ones - in the second year of life.
• Seedling method. Popular breeding method. In early spring, seeds are sown in deep pots with loose soil and drainage. Moisten the soil a little first. After planting, the seeds are sprayed with water from a spray bottle, covered with a film, placed on a sunny saucer. Planted in May, when the soil is well warmed up to a depth of 40 cm.
• The method of dividing the bush. The division of an adult plant is carried out every 3-4 years. In September or mid-spring, the plant is dug up and divided into 2-3 parts. Divided bushes are planted at a distance of 30-40 cm, watered.

cultivation

Terry chamomile constantly needs to moisten the soil in the summer season. On hot sultry days, watering should be carried out 3-4 times a week, 1 liter per 1 m².

It's best to just check when the soil is dry.

Important! So that the soil is not very waterlogged and does not cause disease, the development of bacteria, soil moisture should be checked. Moisture should penetrate to a depth of no more than 0.4 m.

Once every 2-3 weeks, young plants are fed. To do this, use nitrogen fertilizers, mullein infusion (10 g per 1 m). If the weather is dry, water the chamomile after feeding.

Nitrogen fertilizers for chamomile

Adult terry daisies (2-3 years old) are fed with urea once before flowering - 20 g per 1 m. The second time fertilizers are applied if the leaves lose their brightness during flowering and become pale green.

Plants grow quickly, grow, so the bushes are regularly weeded. Loosen the soil 2-3 times per season.

Pest and disease control

Some varieties of terry chamomile have a unique resistance to diseases, but most of them are prone to the following diseases if the conditions for planting and care are not followed:

• Rust - red spots on the leaves.
• Powdery mildew - the plant is covered with a white bloom, later turns brown, begins to rot.
• Gray rot - the dead tissue of the leaves is covered with a gray-brown fluff.

Treatment:

• All diseased plants are removed.
• Uninfected plantings are treated with fungicides - Topaz, Fundazol.

Of the pests, thrips, aphids, and rot attack terry chamomile.

For the treatment of lesions in small areas, it is recommended to use a home remedy - laundry soap. A small amount of soap solution is applied to the affected areas at night. If the folk remedy did not help, the plant is treated with insectoacaricides. Suitable Karbofos, Aktellik.

cutting flowers

Half a month after the start of flowering, you can cut the buds into bouquets. You need to do this with garden shears.

If the owner plans to plant terry daisies next year, then he leaves 3-4 flowers. After flowering, the baskets dry. When they reach a light brown hue, they are cut off. Seeds are removed, scattered in paper bags.

They must be stored in a dry, dark place.

Preparing for winter

After flowering, before the onset of cold weather, the stems are cut at the root. If the gardener plans to plant chamomile next year, then you need to leave the seeds. For the winter, the roots are placed under the covering material, dry foliage, spruce branches, straw.

The masters of their craft have a couple of tricks that help grow magnificent terry daisies on the site:

• If the soil is acidic, then do not despair. Before planting, it is enough to carry out alkalization, adding 300 g of lime, dolomite flour per 1 m².
• Immediately before planting, fertilizer for flowers is poured into the hole, which can be purchased at specialized stores.
• At the beginning of flowering, for the most lush buds, the plant is fed with a solution of potassium sulfate, superphosphate, 20 g per 10 liters.
• To prolong the life of cut terry daisies for sale, experienced gardeners feed them with soda (3/4 teaspoon diluted in a liter of water). This will help to get rid of bacteria, keep a presentable appearance.

Attention! Do not overdo it with soda - it will destroy the plant.

• For an abundant shoot, the soil is mulched with dry grass and sawdust.
• In one place, the cornflower grows no more than 7-8 years. Strong overgrowth harms the immunity of the plant and the quality of the flowers. Therefore, every 2-3 years it is necessary to rejuvenate the terry chamomile by dividing the bushes.

Terry daisies are flowers that look fresh in bouquets, retaining their original appearance and pleasant aroma for a long time. Using the information from this article, even a novice gardener will be able to get a lot of beautiful and lush buds of this plant on his site.

Recently, garden chamomile has regained its popularity among flowers in the flower beds and flower beds of our household plots. This flower with large white flowers can be safely called a symbol of light, warmth and summer! In addition, these flowers are beautiful and delicate in appearance, unpretentious in content, resistant to climatic changes and various types of diseases.

Description

Garden chamomile is a perennial plant, the height ranges from 30 to 150 cm. The petals are usually white, but may have a different color. The leaves are elongated and dark green in color.

Varieties

Thanks to the efforts of modern breeders, many decorative types of garden chamomile have been bred. The most popular of them are:

• Nivyanik;
• Pyrethrum;
• Small-petaler;
• Doronicum.

1. Leucanthemum - has about 20 species, but the most popular is the common leucanthemum. Depending on the variety, the plant can be with simple or double white flowers. They are considered light-loving plants, during flowering they are demanding in care, moisture-loving, they need fertilizers. The division of the plant is required every 2-3 years.

The most popular varieties of common leucanthemum include:

• Maxima Kenig - Maxima Kenig - tall plant with large white flowers;
• May Queen - May Queen - a stunted plant, blooms in early spring, has double flowers.

2. Feverfew is a perennial plant with a developed rhizome. Flowers with white, pink, red, yellow petals. The structure depends on the variety, has simple or double flowers. In height, feverfew reaches 50 cm, and some varieties up to 1.5 meters. These flowers grow well both in sunny beds and in shady areas of the garden. Prefer well-drained, non-acidic soil. Dividing is recommended every 2-3 years.

The most common varieties of pyrethrum:

• White star - White Stars - bush up to 25 cm high, white flowers;
• Golden Ball - Gold Ball - undersized bushes with yellow double flowers;
• Robinson's Hybrid - bush height up to 60 cm, large flowers with dark red petals.

Dried pyrethrum flowers are used to control moths in the closet.

3. Small-flowered - a perennial rhizomatous plant. The height ranges from 50 cm to 1 meter. Flowers with purple, blue, pink petals. Loves sunlight, prefers loose fertile soils. It blooms from mid-June, the duration of flowering is about 1.5 months.

The main varieties of small-leaved:

• Alpine small-leaved - Erigeron alpinus L. - undersized plant with pink or lilac small flowers;
• Caucasian small-scale - Erigeron caucasicus Stev. - perennial plant, height up to 40 cm, flowers are small white, purple or pink;
• Small-sized annual - Erigeron annuus (L.) Pers. - an annual plant, the height of the bush is 50-100 cm, the flowers are small white or blue.

4. Doronicum - a perennial plant with yellow flowers, reaching a height of 20 to 70 cm. Prefers slight shading, light fertile soils. Flowering early, lasts from May to June.

The most popular are:

• Doronicum Austrian or plantain - Doronicum austriacum Jacq - height 60-70 cm, bright yellow flowers with a diameter of up to 5 cm, blooms in July;
• Doronicum oriental or Caucasian - Doronicum orientale Hoffingg - a perennial plant reaches a height of 50 cm, flowers up to 5 cm in diameter are light yellow in color, the flowering period is May-June;

Reproduction of garden chamomile

Chamomile propagates by seeds or by dividing the bush into several parts.

Seeds are sown in March, sprinkling them with a small layer of earth. Already in the first week of summer, the grown seedlings are transplanted to a temporary place in order to grow and get stronger. In July, the formed young bushes are planted for permanent residence. The garden chamomile will bloom and please the eye only next summer.

The division of the garden chamomile bush is recommended to be done after flowering. To do this, you need to carefully separate and dig out one or more parts of the bush, and transplant them to a new place. The void left in the hole after the division of the bush is covered with earth so that the plant can grow again.

For some varieties of chamomile, seeds can be sown in the winter, then the chamomile will delight with flowers next summer.

Chamomile Care

Chamomile is considered a non-capricious plant, but some rules along the way should be followed:

• The soil must be non-acidic. When transplanting, be sure to add humus and ash;
• Choose a sunny or slightly shaded place for planting garden chamomile;
• Chamomile loves space; when planting between plants, it is recommended to leave a distance of up to 60 cm;
• The root system of chamomile is well developed, so it needs air flow. To do this, regularly loosen the soil;
• Chamomile prefers good watering, but waterlogging should not be allowed. Stagnation of water can cause the development of gray rot, and drought can provoke aphids;
• It is necessary to fertilize the plant in spring and after flowering.

Diseases of garden chamomile

Garden chamomile, like other plants, is susceptible to various kinds of diseases and pests.

The most common diseases:

• Powdery mildew. A white coating appears on the plant, which darkens over time. The chamomile bush loses its attractiveness;
• Fusarium. In plants, the roots and the root neck rot, the stem becomes thin, has a brown color, and the leaves are yellow .;
• Gray rot. The affected plant is covered with brown spots with a gray fluff.

As a treatment, the affected plant and its neighbors are treated with various kinds of fungicides. Processing is carried out twice in 7-10 days.

The main pests of garden chamomile can be considered:

The first sign of damage to the aphid plant is the stripes on the trunk and leaves. They lead to the death of tissues, the chamomile plant loses its decorative effect. To combat aphids, insecticides are used to control aphids.

• star-winged fly;

Star-winged fly larvae damage garden chamomile flowers. The surest way to deal with this pest is to destroy the weeds in the garden;

• Provolochnikov.

Wireworms - live in the soil, feed on the roots of plants. It is extremely difficult to get rid of them. The method of struggle is the device of traps with baits from pieces of potatoes. Most often, wireworms appear if potatoes are planted nearby.

Preparing chamomile for winter

The wintering of perennial garden chamomile plants does not differ significantly from the wintering of other perennials in the garden. Preparation is carried out before the first frost.

The first step in preparing for winter is pruning the bush at the very surface of the earth. The second action is shelter with sawdust, needles or dry foliage.

Chamomile Companions

The flowering period of chamomile ranges from mid-May to the end of July, so when choosing neighbors in the garden, it is necessary to take into account the timing of their flowering.

Depending on the height of the plant, garden chamomile can decorate the garden on its own, or in company with other flowers. Chamomile will easily enliven a green lawn with its white flowers or beautifully decorate garden paths.

In small flower beds, undersized chamomile bushes will serve as a beautiful frame. In large flower beds they look beautiful with tall lupins or delphiniums, lilies. They look spectacular against the background of fern greenery or chic hosta leaves.

Chamomile is not only a wonderful decoration for your garden, but a summer, sunny mood for many years.