Allowable Alcohol Per Mille Driving. What are the degrees of alcoholic intoxication in ppm? Breathalyzer showed 0.46 what stage of intoxication

Checking the content of ethyl alcohol in the body includes the use of special breathalyzers that record the level of alcohol vapors in the exhaled air, in special cases, the determination of ethanol in urine and blood. Not many people know exactly how this value is calculated based on the dose of alcohol consumed, if you do not resort to special research methods. Knowledge of the permissible levels of alcohol (in ppm) will help to avoid negative consequences.

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What determines the alcohol content in the body

Alcohol in the human body undergoes a complex metabolism in the liver and is excreted in the urine, sweat and through the lungs. Ethanol reaches its maximum concentration in the blood approximately 60-90 minutes after consumption, then its values gradually decrease (on average by 0.15 ppm in 60 minutes). The alcohol concentration depends on many factors:

Alcohol dose. The ethyl alcohol content is considered to be in grams. The strength of an alcoholic drink depends on the ethanol level in 100 ml of the drink (usually indicated in%). The more alcohol is drunk and the stronger its strength, the higher its concentration in the blood.
Floor. In men, the body gets rid of alcohol faster due to the higher production of specific enzymes (alcohol dehydrogenase, aldehyde dehydrogenase, thiokinase, etc.).
Weight... With the same dose of alcohol taken in thinner people, its concentration in the blood will be higher.
The presence of chronic liver disease. Ethanol with pathologies of this organ is metabolized more slowly.

Other factors affecting ethanol metabolism include concomitant food intake, ambient temperature, regularity of alcohol intake, time of day, emotional condition, physical exercise, individual characteristics of metabolism, etc.

Determining the level of alcohol in the body

using the approximate data of tables of correspondences of alcohol dose, human weight and time (the most unreliable, large error);
using a breathalyzer, the level of ethanol elimination through the lungs is determined;
clinical studies of blood and urine are carried out according to indications or in controversial situations.

Correspondence tables

The ratio of ppm in blood in men 60 minutes after taking a drink of various strengths to dose is presented in a scale by weight category:

Body weight, kg	Vodka 40% - 100 g. Beer 4% - 1000 g	Vodka 40% - 200 g. Beer 4% - 2000 g	Vodka 40% - 300 g. Beer 4% - 3000 g	Vodka 40% - 400 g. Beer 4% - 4000 g	Vodka 40% - 500 g. Beer 4% - 5000 g
45	0,50	1,01	1,52	2,03	2,53
55	0,40	0,80	1,20	1,62	2,02
70	0,34	0,68	1,01	1,35	1,69
80	0,29	0,58	0,87	1,17	1,46
90	0,26	0,50	0,76	1,01	1,26
100	0,22	0,45	0,68	0,91	1,13
110	0,20	0,41	0,61	0,82	1,01

For women, the following meanings are characteristic:

Body weight, kg	Vodka 40% - 100 g. Beer 4% - 1000 g	Vodka 40% - 200 g. Beer 4% - 2000 g	Vodka 40% - 300 g. Beer 4% - 3000 g	Vodka 40% - 400 g. Beer 4% - 4000 g	Vodka 40% - 500 g. Beer 4% - 5000 g
45	0,43	0,87	1,30	1,74	2,17
55	0,34	0,69	1,00	1,39	1,73
70	0,29	0,58	0,87	1,16	1,45
80	0,25	0,50	0,75	1,00	1,25
90	0,22	0,43	0,65	0,87	1,08
100	0,19	0,39	0,58	0,78	0,97
110	0,17	0,35	0,52	0,70	0,87

Breathalyzer

The breathalyzer (breathalyzer) is the main device for testing the driver for ethanol. It allows you to determine the level of ethyl alcohol vapor in the exhaled air and calculate the value in the blood from the obtained value. These devices are used by traffic police officers or medical workers for the examination of alcohol intoxication, as well as for pre-trip checks of drivers.

The main problem of measuring with an alcometer is a high error - from 0.02 to 0.5 mg / l. Among different types devices have the highest selectivity to ethanol and the smallest error infrared.

The expiratory alcohol concentration is measured in mg / L. Using this indicator, you can calculate the concentration of ethanol in the blood by the Dubrovsky ratio: 1 ppm in the blood is equal to 0.45 milligrams of ethanol per 1 liter. Conversion of ppm to mg / l is carried out according to the proportion method.

Calculators and formulas for calculation

If you need to check whether it is allowed to drive in a certain situation, you can use online calculators that will help you calculate the approximate alcohol content, taking into account the amount and strength of the drink and the driver's weight. They are based on the Widmark formula, which can be used to calculate the indicator without a calculator:

Ethanol concentration in blood (ppm) = Dose of ethanol drunk (g) / (driver's weight (kg) * K)

K - distribution coefficient:

0.60 - women;
0.70 - men.

The disadvantage of this formula is that it does not take into account the time after drinking. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that the drink has time to disappear from the body.

Ethanol content and degree of intoxication

The permissible level of alcohol in the body for driving a car vehicle an indicator of less than 0.3 ppm or 0.16 mg / l is considered.

A level between 0 and 0.3 is not considered alcoholic intoxication. Such low values can be recorded after taking some fermented milk products, kvass, alcohol-containing drugs, etc.

The indicator from 0.3 to 0.5 is insignificant, but nevertheless has an effect on concentration, vestibular apparatus, orientation, etc. You cannot drive a vehicle with such values. Numbers above 0.5 ppm are considered alcoholic intoxication. There are 3 degrees of alcoholic intoxication:

Degree	Alcohol content, ppm	Manifestations
Easy	0,5 – 1,5	General drunken state: complacent, high spirits, sociability, decisiveness, decreased concentration and quality of work performed, slight disorientation in time and space, retention in memory of the entire period of intoxication, hangover is rare
Average	1,6 – 2,5	Irritability, conflict, resentment, dissatisfaction with the attitude of others towards oneself, overestimation of one's capabilities, pronounced impairment of coordination and concentration, drowsiness, partial loss of memories of the period of intoxication the next day, hangover
Heavy	2,6 - 3,0	Loss of orientation in time and space, vestibular disorders, speech retardation, impaired consciousness, complete amnesia the next day, severe hangover syndrome

With a blood alcohol concentration of 3 up to 5% there is a stage of severe intoxication of the body, which can result in poisoning and death.

Even with mild alcohol intoxication, it is worth protecting yourself from driving a car, since the consequences can be catastrophic.

If the driver drank alcohol before getting behind the wheel and driving the car, then he risks not only provoking an accident, but also getting a substantial fine and arrest of driving license.

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To prevent such situations, each motorist should know what standards and concentrations of intoxicants are allowed in the blood according to the legislation of the Russian Federation.

For this purpose, special tables were created, focusing on which it is possible to understand how much the norm has been exceeded, and whether it is possible to drive after a certain amount of drunk.

Who and how tests drivers for sobriety

In order to legally punish drivers, traffic police officers, when determining the state of intoxication, must be guided strictly by those limits that are regulated by laws. You should know how to tell if the driver is drunk or not.

A drunk person is considered to be driving when, according to the alcohol tester, the norm of 0.35 ppm was exceeded (). This is the minimum limit that was declared at the legislative level.

In an amicable way, all traffic police services were required to acquire digital breathalyzers, which alcohol poisoning the body will be recorded more accurately than a conventional device.

By blood

According to the composition of the blood, the use of alcoholic beverages, their quantity and intensity, will be determined by a physician - a specialist working in an institution where such checks of drivers are carried out.

It should be noted that not every medical institution undertakes such examinations of citizens who drive vehicles.

When a blood test is taken for examination, the measurements are made in such a unit as - ppm. It reflects 1/1000 of a liter of pure alcoholic substance contained in the blood. This is equivalent to 1 ml of alcoholic liquid.

The procedure for checking a driver's medical organization for drunkenness is as follows:

A driver and an employee of the State Traffic Inspectorate must arrive at a medical institution with already completed documents - a protocol (in which the place where you need to indicate data on ppm is empty) and a direction.
After the study, the doctor will fill out the examination report, which will reflect 12 points.
20 minutes after the initial examination, a second one is carried out, where analyzes are already taken for processing in laboratory conditions.
Samples and their processing are necessarily carried out in 2 containers, one of which will be stored for 90 days. This is necessary in case a re-examination is required during the trial.
The final medical opinion is drawn up in 3 copies - for doctors, a driver and a traffic police officer.
If the expert considers that the driver cannot be called drunk, then the detainee is released regardless of what the road breathalyzer showed before.
The medical verdict must be announced in the room where the detainee and the traffic police inspector are also present.
If at least one of the above points is not observed, the results of such an examination by the court will be invalidated.

Twelve points of the inspection report, disclose information about the following:

the reaction of the pupils to a ray of light;
movement of the eyeballs;
heart rate data;
breathing pattern;
pressure indicators;
color and condition of the skin;
biological samples of saliva, urine, blood, lip surface;
coordination of movement;
intelligibility of speech;
general psychophysiological state.

If it becomes necessary to check with a doctor, then an employee of the road service does not have the right to enter data on the number of ppm shown using a portable breathalyzer in the protocol.

In empty spaces, information about the check carried out will be entered on the basis of a medical opinion.

By exhaled air

Ethanol can also be presented as an ethereal substance, therefore, by exhaling into a special device, the content of alcohol-containing vapors can be detected if the driver has drunk before.

For checks, employees of the State Traffic Inspectorate use the following devices:

AlcoQuant 6020, Germany;
"Alcotest 6510", as well as model - 6810 (popular version!), Germany;
Alcotest 7410 Plus com, Germany;
"Alkont 01", Belarus.

The procedure for conducting an inspection, which should be, according to the law, carried out by an employee of the road service during the arrest of a suspected motorist:

The traffic police officer is obliged to introduce himself in the form.
Then he explains the essence of the offense - driving a vehicle while intoxicated.
Politely asks the driver to pass a check on special equipment.
The driver must breathe in a special disposable mouthpiece inserted into the device with him.
The breathalyzer printer must print a receipt indicating the date, time of inspection, results and ordinal rate of the resulting receipt.
After the check in the presence of 2 people acting as witnesses, a protocol can already be drawn up.
The protocol contains all the signs of intoxication, including digital data in units of measurement - ppm, taken from the devices.
If the result seemed less than 0.35 ppm, then the traffic police officer is still obliged to write out a protocol, but indicate in it that no alcoholic intoxication was detected.
Then he gives a copy of the document to the driver and releases it.
In the event that the ppm turned out to be exceeded, the road service officer is obliged to ask the driver if he agrees with the results.
With consent, a protocol is written out and then a punishment is assigned through the court.
In case of disagreement, the motorist is sent to a medical institution to undergo an expert examination of a medical examination.
To do this, the traffic police officer writes out a referral form, which indicates the medical institution where the motorist should contact. And in the protocol, the policeman does not indicate anything yet.
A policeman and a detainee go to the medics together, in a traffic police vehicle, since at this stage it is understood that the driver is not allowed to drive the vehicle.

The refusal of the driver to pass the check, called - "medical examination", will be considered as another offense, quoted by.

It is fraught with the payment of a large fine, the arrest of the vehicle with its forcible removal to a daily paid parking lot, as well as the deprivation of the right to drive a car for a certain period.

Such decisions are made by the court, not by the traffic police. The prerogative of the institution of the State Traffic Inspectorate is only to identify the violation, record it in the protocol, and then hand it over, along with all the accompanying papers, to the court to determine the measure of responsibility for the offender.

Blood alcohol ppm table

The main document governing the ban on exactly when it is forbidden to drive after drunk alcohol is from December 10, 1995, which was last edited on July 26, 2020.

The ability to drive a car is limited for those who drank alcohol and, after a breathalyzer test, received a result of 0.16 mg / l. However, this figure will be approximately 0.35 ppm.

From a medical point of view, this is not entirely suitable for determining whether a person is drunk or not. But article 12.8 of the Administrative Code of Russia for 2020-2013 defined this very range.

If we compare the rate in previous years, before the amendments were made to the laws, then, for example, in 2013 it was 0.01 mg.

This suggests that the driver had to be in absolute sobriety, and for this he would need not to eat or drink those products that do not belong to alcoholic products, but contain alcohols in substances.

The indicator should be less than 0.16 mg / l when exhaled or 0.35 ppm when taking blood for analysis. Then the detained citizen will be released and will not be considered a violator.

The value of the indicator in ppm may vary, and it depends on the following factors:

The age of the person driving the car.
Driver's weight.
Physique - with a dense body, the concentration of alcohols in the blood decreases by exactly one unit of body weight.
Driver gender.
The quality, quantity and generally the availability of snacks when drinking.
Stomach fullness before taking alcohol by mouth.
The degree of alcohol.
Dose volume drunk.
Genetic predisposition to the perception of alcohol by the body.
Individual tolerance of alcohols.
Health status, internal organs person.
The general condition of the motorist.

Alcoholic substances are retained less in men than in women. How older man, the more alcohol will be released into the blood, because with age they will be absorbed worse and worse.

Healthy people accumulate less alcohol in their blood than those who have certain diseases. In the table below, 100 g is taken for 1 single dose. ingested alcoholic beverage.

Exhaled table

The elimination of alcohol from the blood and the body as a whole serves as the main criterion for determining when it is already possible to drive a car, and when it is still impossible, and it is worth waiting for the complete splitting of the alcoholic components.

Also important information is how much alcohol can be found in the exhaled contents of the test material.

It should also be remembered that alcoholic beverages are different, the ethanol content in them differs in volume. There are low-alcohol drinks (unfortified wine), there are strong drinks (vodka).

How much and what exactly the driver has drunk will greatly affect the volume of those alcohols that appear after exhaling into the breathalyzer tube.

How to determine the degree of intoxication yourself

Every driver should know that alcoholic substances are excreted extremely slowly from the body. At the same time, it makes no difference what dose was taken, ethanol is slowly degraded.

When the driver is well-versed in the tables, where the alcohol withdrawal time is indicated in relation to the amount of alcohol consumed and the composition of the drink, then it will be easier for him to navigate in the watch in order to understand how quickly the ethanol will disappear.

In the table below, you can consider and compare your age, gender, the dosage of alcohol consumed, as well as the time it will be present in the blood.

The maximum alcoholic substance can be retained in the blood for up to 37 hours. It is also possible to determine how many ppm will be shown on the recording device by the amount of drink drunk by a person with specific weight parameters.

For example, let's give the simplest table:

The standard of the template for calculations is adopted as follows: the amount of alcohol in the blood is 33 g. the average weight of a man is 80 kg.

For independent calculations, many sites even offer to use an online calculator for free.

The input data in this case are usually:

the amount of drink (or several drinks) drunk;
the strength of the drink in degrees;
indication of gender;
body mass;
the number of hours since the moment when the alcohol was consumed.

After all the data is entered, the button for calculations is usually pressed, which is called differently everywhere, but the meaning is the same.

The issued results will show not only what is the concentration of ethanol in the blood (in ppm), but also after how many hours it is already possible to drive a car again.

Alcoholism is a pathological ailment formed by the incessant use of alcoholic beverages. He is distinguished by psychological and chronic dependence on them. Every year tens of thousands of people suffer from overdose and even die. In a state of intoxication, most crimes are committed. Traffic accidents are more and more frequent among drunk drivers.

Determining the level of alcohol in the blood

When determining the content of alcohol in the blood, the concentration of alcohol is detected, measured in ppm. Translated from Latin "pro mille" means "for a thousand." This should be understood as a thousandth of a number, or one tenth of one percent.

For example, 1 ppm should be considered one tenth of a percent. Up to the level of 0.5 ppm, alcohol has no effect on the human condition.

The degree of intoxication

There are several degrees or stages of this condition:

first degree - easy

In the blood, from 0.5 to 1.5 ppm of alcohol is found. It affects itself within a few minutes after adoption. At the same time, skeletal muscles relax, stress and fatigue go away, mood improves, and a pleasant warmth is felt. There is fun, increased activity, sociability, boastfulness and self-confidence. When moving, coordination decreases, the quality of pronunciation is lost;

second degree - medium

The level of alcohol in the body ranges from 1.5 ppm to 2.5. Begins shortly after its next portion. Already monotonous, less intelligible and inexpressive speech is observed. At this stage, the person is no longer cheerful and joyful, but irritated, rude and aggressive, depending on the situation, he easily starts an argument or fight. Movement coordination is low, uneven gait and loss of balance. In such a stay, a person does not remember everything that happens;

third degree - severe or severe

Alcohol in the body already contains from 2.5 to 3 ppm. In people with such a level of intoxication, coordination of movement is completely lost, speech is poorly perceived, loss of consciousness is possible, and seizures of an epileptic nature may appear. Often such people experience involuntary urination, even defecation. Often there is partial amnesia, the person does not remember anything that is happening;

fourth degree - from 3 to 4 ppm

Speech slows down or is completely absent, indistinct hums appear. It is difficult for a person to move, he often does not know where he is going, he cannot keep himself straight. In such a situation, a person no longer recognizes other people. The next morning he may not remember what happened to him yesterday;

the fifth stage of intoxication, from 5 to 6 ppm in the blood

Possible damage to the nervous system, dysfunction of the respiratory system, heart rhythm, sometimes with cardiac arrest, and then death. A person is in a state of absolute misunderstanding of everything that is happening, loses his reaction to the people around him.

The level of intoxication can also depend on the state of health of a person, on his fatigue and stress, on the food he ate before or after drinking, as well as on the type of drink. As a rule, a drunk person has too high self-esteem, more often it is biased.

In addition to the official degrees of intoxication, its atypical form is sometimes revealed. It is found in those people who have had a head injury and those who drink alcohol for a long time.

The effect of alcoholism on the body

The body gets rid of alcohol with the help of the liver. The rate of its elimination in women is about 0.08 - 0.1 ppm for an hour, and in the male population - 0.1-0.15, that is, this process is long and destructive for the liver. For example, a person has consumed alcohol to a level of 2.0 ppm, the liver will almost completely cleanse the body only by the evening of the next day after taking it. Each person has individual characteristics of the body. Someone quickly sobers up, while someone has a hangover syndrome that drags on for a long time. Unfortunately, there are no drugs that can cleanse the body of alcohol. Cold showers or hot tea will not help here.

It will not be possible to accurately determine the level of intoxication on your own. Moreover, the effect of alcohol on different people is not the same: for some, 100 grams of vodka is not enough, and for some, two sips of beer are enough.

Alcoholism is one of the socially dangerous and fairly common diseases at the present time. The number of sick people under the supervision of a narcologist significantly exceeds the number registered with a psychiatrist. Drunkenness is on the rise, especially among adolescents and women, and this is a matter of serious concern to society.

It is very easy to become an alcoholic, but getting rid of this ailment is much more difficult. And various external and internal factors lead to this.

In accordance with the existing measurement system, the amount of alcohol in the blood is determined in ppm. This value characterizes the ethanol content in grams in one liter of blood, that is, 0.5 ppm, implying that there is half a gram of blood (1 liter) or 0.05% alcohol. determine the degree of intoxication, which is equivalent to the severity.

Intoxication stages

Depending on the number of ppm in the blood, a gradation of degrees of intoxication has been developed. They have a clear system of symptoms, and therefore are easily identified. It should be immediately clarified that the alcohol content up to 0.5 ppm does not have a noticeable effect on the human body. So the lower limit of intoxication is exactly 0.5 ppm.

First degree

The first degree is considered mild and is characterized by a blood alcohol content in the range of 0.5-1.5 ppm. This stage of intoxication is typical for the first minutes after drinking alcohol. At this time, a person feels comfort, relaxation, heat spreads throughout the body, fatigue is relieved. Under the influence of alcohol, the mood rises, a person becomes cheerful, active, sociable. The expansion of the scope of what is permissible is characteristic - the mood rises, boastfulness appears, self-confidence rises, while the conversation can be haphazard, the interlocutor can lose control over himself during discussions.

Second degree

The second degree is considered average and is determined by the alcohol content in the blood from 1.5 to 2.5 ppm. Such an amount of alcohol is already overwhelming, which is expressed in monotonous, inhibited speech, a person cannot keep the thread of a conversation, becomes rude, hot-tempered, sharp, the mood drops noticeably. As for the coordination of movements, at the middle stage of intoxication, a characteristic swaying gait appears, a loss of balance is possible. In this state, a person is overly irritable, can deliberately cause a quarrel. Under the influence of alcohol toxins, nerve connections cease to form, so that in the morning a person feels a loss of memory. Since there are simply no nerve connections, memory is not even restored over time, or is partially restored.

Third degree

The third degree is considered severe - in order to bring the body to such a state, it is necessary to bring the concentration of ethanol in the blood to 2.5-3.0 ppm. affects all human organs, especially the excretory suffer, and nervous system... A person does not stand on his feet, does not let go even in a supine position. Spontaneous urination, defecation occurs. Speech and movements are indistinct, haphazard, insensitivity to external stimuli, cold, heat, increased pain threshold, complete, possible and.

Dangerous dose

A dose of alcohol at which 5-6 ppm appears in the blood is considered fatal. In this case, a lethal outcome is not at all necessary. Death is guaranteed only if the entire dose is drunk within 30 minutes. For an adult man, it is about 3 bottles of vodka, but a man can drink the same volume of alcohol during the evening and get only acute toxicosis, but without a fatal outcome.

Impact of third-party factors on the degree of alcohol intoxication

The impact of alcohol on the body depends not only on the amount of ethyl alcohol that a person consumes with alcohol-containing drinks, but also on many other factors.