Inherited lip shape. How the face changes with age Does the shape of the lips change with age
Inherited lip shape
The difference in the shape of the lips is detected very early. Once in my clinic, I observed narrow, finely defined lips, elegantly tapering to the corners of the mouth and the charming arch of Cupid on the upper lip. An example is shown in fig. 196. This mouth shape I would like to define as "thin baby mouth."
In the second group of babies, I found thick massive lips, and the limiting lines of the lips were blurred (Fig. 197). In their beauty, these mouths are significantly inferior to the "thin mouth". The mouth of this group I have defined as a "rough child's mouth." Of course, one can state a large number of different transitional forms. The difference between these two forms of the mouth, which is already revealed at a very early age, is based, no doubt, on heredity. Therefore, the task of further elucidating this difference in mouth shapes is the task of racial researchers.
The racial differences are even more obvious if one conducts research in a children's clinic, for example, in New York, where a wide variety of races are represented: Americans, Chinese, Negroes, Slavs, Italians, Irish, etc.; here the differences in the shape of the mouth are much greater than in the Munich clinic. However, the influence of heredity is not limited to the shape of the mouth that the child displays shortly after birth. Changes in the shape of the mouth that occur later may also be due to hereditary causes, just as a slightly upturned nose of an infant can turn into a dinar noble nose in the course of life, regardless of the environment. Therefore, with the interpretation of changes in the shape of the mouth that occur during life, great care must be taken.
But, just as the influence of heredity on the shape of the mouth is irrefutable, so is the influence of the environment.
This can be unmistakably established already during the first year of life. The environmental factors that most influence the shape of the mouth at this time are the bottle of milk and the nipple. When the baby sucks the bottle, the mouth opens wide and the lips are rounded. The lower lip is pressed against the chin under the weight of the bottle. This not-so-pretty mouth shape is shown in Fig. 198. Many children close their mouth after eating, while others keep it open for some time after eating. And the longer the mouth remains in the position as if sucking a bottle, the stronger the effect on its shape. But, nevertheless, the baby's meal takes only 1 hour out of 24 hours a day.
The action of the pacifier lasts much longer. Many babies keep the pacifier in their mouth day and night with only short breaks. At the same time, the lips protrude even more than during the act of sucking. This can result in an ugly mouth with thick, twisted lips, unless the baby is weaned off the pacifier in a timely manner. The elder sisters of our children's department told me that there were children who used a pacifier not only in the second and third years of life, but also in the fourth, fifth and even sixth years. Nurses at the clinic wean children off the pacifier, not only in the interests of hygiene, but also for the sake of a beautiful mouth shape. Since long before my physiognomic studies they determined that the nipple forms thick, ugly lips. In addition, it has been observed that the argument about the beauty of the shape of the mouth affects the mothers of children to a much greater extent than all the arguments about hygiene. After taking away the nipple, the lips gradually became more beautiful and narrower (Fig. 198).
Höflmeyr has recently shown that the bottle of milk and the nipple are also a great danger to the development of the jaws ("How I Protect My Child from Malformation of the Jaws", J. F. Lehmann, Munchen, 1935). Breast sucking is, according to Höflmeyr, intense gymnastics for the jaws and is therefore a powerful stimulus that promotes growth, while when sucking a bottle, the tension is small. If breastfeeding is not possible, Höflmeyr recommends "natural sucking", which encourages the infant to intensely tighten the jaw muscles. Due to the sucking of a finger or a nipple, according to Höflmeyr, a row of teeth of the lower jaw is pressed back, a row of teeth of the upper jaw is displaced outward or outward and upward. Thus, the rows of teeth on the upper and lower jaws seem to diverge. These observations once again convince of the negative impact of the pacifier.
At the same time, these observations show how plastic the baby's mouth is and how ready it is to respond to external influences. This makes the attempt to assess to what extent the shape of the mouth depends on heredity, and to what extent on the influence of the environment, even more complicated. As a rule, it is impossible to separate one factor from another in individual cases. Even the similarity of identical twins, if they are brought up in the same conditions, is difficult to prove. And only if one twin grows up in favorable, and the other in unfavorable conditions, and, despite this, both of them show the same shape of the mouth, it can be assumed that this similarity is based on the influence of hereditary factors.
Rice. 196. Finely defined mouth of an infant.
Rice. 197. Rough mouth of an infant (2 months).
Rice. 198. Mouth formed by a nipple.
Rice. 199. Always satisfied baby.
Rice. 200. Sick, lonely baby.
Rice. 201. The same child, when his life became more joyful.
Rice. 202. Downturned corners of the mouth show that the situation is serious.
Rice. 203. Crying begins with the opening of the mouth.
Rice. 204. Crying progresses.
Rice. 196–204. Serious and funny babies.
Rice. 205. Roaring baby.
Rice. 206. Tragic crying of an older child.
Rice. 207. Laughter declares itself.
Rice. 208. Laughter becomes clearer.
Rice. 209. Bright laughter of a small child.
Rice. 210. A well-preserved beautiful child's mouth at 8 years old.
Rice. 211. Small mouth-corners, stretched down.
Rice. 212. Rude company of a ten-year-old girl.
Rice. A 213.12-year-old girl with the corners of her mouth drawn out like the points of a dagger.
Rice. 205–213. Cry and laugh.
How difficult it is to distinguish between these factors in a particular case, I want to show with one example. I have already said that the children in the nursery of the orthopedic clinic, although they all have some kind of physical ailment (clubfoot, dislocation of the hip joint, paralysis, etc.), are very cheerful. Most of them smile amiably at the visitor who comes to their bed, and the more you worry and care for the child, the more often the corners of his mouth will turn into a smile, moving outward and upward, as shown in Fig. 199. It goes without saying that with such laughter gymnastics, the risorius and zygomaticus (laughter muscles) are especially developed, which explains that in some part of the babies, even at rest, the corners of the mouth are easily pulled up. Along with the child shown in Fig. 199, in our manger there was another child who constantly showed the exact opposite expression (fig. 200). He suffered from clubfoot. Previously, the treatment of clubfoot was very painful. Lord Byron, even a few years before his death, cursed his doctors, who in childhood wanted to cure him of clubfoot. These painful attempts were, as we know, unsuccessful. Today, successful treatment of this disease is associated with only minor pain. Therefore, the lowering of the corners of the mouth, which indicates a bad mood, the lips pressed together in annoyance and the protruding lower lip cannot be the result of the disease itself. I suspected here the influence on the child of relations in the family. They were sad. The father and mother went to work every day, the child had no brothers and sisters, and he was left to himself for almost the whole day. With the exception of an aunt who periodically looked after him, no one cared about the child. All this is quite enough to understand the sadness and pain that are expressed in the child in the shape of the mouth and in the serious expression of the eyes.
Further research showed that the mother of the child is a quiet, serious woman. Therefore, it may turn out that hereditary factors also played a certain role in shaping the expression of the child's face. Clarity was made by further observations. I noticed that in the clinic, the child was given a new bandage every 5-6 weeks, while at home this did not happen. Over the next year, I could invariably see the sad expression on the child's face every time I visited the clinic. When suddenly - I had not seen this child for several weeks - a startling change took place (Fig. 201). The corners of the mouth were no longer drawn down, the protruding lower lip was almost gone, and the child laughed for the first time when he met me.
Even the nurse has never seen this child laugh - the first laugh in a whole year! I asked the older sister how she explained the change in the child's expression. And then it turned out that one young girl, a student who was undergoing treatment at the clinic, began to visit him daily and play with him for hours. From this it became clear that the sad environment that had previously constituted the world of the child was the essential cause of his painful expression.
But in many other cases, it is impossible to determine exactly why a particular facial expression is formed in a child. Only if the father or mother shows exactly the same type of mouth, different from the usual type, can one speak with confidence about the influence of heredity. Such a case took place with one very peculiar form of the mouth, shown in fig. 73. Of course, a physiognomist should always know what is due to the influence of hereditary factors in the face of the subject, but family research today, unfortunately, does not go that far.
In the first weeks, the baby's muscles are included, except for the act of sucking and yawning, mainly during a cry. The most significant changes at this time are wailing and roaring.
This text is an introductory piece. authorShape If a person's eyebrows are neat and regular, beautiful and slightly curved, then he is friendly by nature. The owner of such eyebrows will treat his brothers and sisters well, and they will all occupy a fairly high position in society. If eyebrows grow
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Sometimes things happen to our appearance that we do not expect at all. Some women and even young girls are faced with the problem of reducing the thickness of the lips.
The shape of the mouth and the thickness of the lips are genetically inherent in everyone and, in fact, nothing can be done about it. But sometimes, under the influence of time, gravity, or for some other reason, the lips change their shape.
It is one thing when these are normal age-related changes that are normal, but quite another when it occurs around the age of 30 years.
Why girls face such problems and why this can happen, as well as how to care for their lips, we will discuss today.
First reason The reason why lips thin is the same as why skin loses its elasticity over time - due to a decrease in collagen levels.
"The lips of young girls seem more plump due to more collagen in them. But there is another, surprising reason - the teeth at a young age are larger, so the lips appear larger due to this."- says the doctor Jessica Wu
, dermatologist and assistant professor of clinical dermatology at University of Southern California.
In addition to genetic (not everyone is born with the appearance Rosie Huntington-Whiteley
) and age-related causes of thinning of the lips, there are also other reasons when the lips change already at the age of about 30 years and this is, first of all, the way of life of every person.
One of the most common misconceptions sounds like this: most often the lips become thinner in smokers, however, a change in the shape of the lips and the appearance of numerous wrinkles and folds can occur even if you have never smoked in your life.
"The bad habit of drinking from a straw also causes wrinkles and creases. In addition, drinking too much coffee and not enough water leads to dehydration and dryness." adds Dr. Wu.
" Teeth also play an amazing role. Over time, they wear out and become thinner, so I recommend that my patients take better care of their teeth."
The good news is that there are many beneficial steps you can take on a daily basis to prevent thinning lips.
First of all, it's worth preventing dehydration and making sure your diet is high in protein and vitamin C that promote the production of healthy amounts of collagen.
Secondly, you can act not only from the inside, but also from the outside, and it is best to choose lip oils and healthy ointments, rather than balms in sticks, which only make the skin drier due to the high content of wax.
You can use sweet almond oil, coconut oil. They can be applied and in the morning the lips will be noticeably plumper.
Thirdly, in terms of lifestyle, if you smoke - reduce the number of cigarettes to a minimum, refuse to drink from a straw and use products with SPF- a filter, since harmful solar radiation destroys collagen.
Fourth medical options include injectable fillers. However, the specialist and the approach to the procedure are important, it is necessary to help the patient regain youthfulness and plumpness of the lips as in 16 years, and not strive to turn a person into a trout or a cartoon character.
But it is not always necessary to rush to become like Kylie Jenner
, numerous research labs and teams at skincare companies have already developed viable alternatives to needles. Special products and concentrates have already been created that instantly increase blood circulation in the skin of the lips and create the necessary volume for a long time.
Take care of your health and stay beautiful!
The shape and size of the nose determine the character, age and habits of a person. But does the nose change with age? Comparing photographs of a person in his youth and in old age, differences in the size of the nose are easily visible.
Why does the nose change with age?
In order to understand why the size of the nose changes with age, let's look at the structure of the nose.
How the face changes with age photo
The external nose (visible part) consists of bones, cartilage and skin. The external nose is based on the frontal process of the maxilla, the lateral cartilage and the greater pterygoid cartilage. The muscles that cover the osteocartilaginous framework of the nose compress the nasal openings. The skin of the nose is thick due to the concentration of the sebaceous glands and inactivity.
With age, the muscles and skin of the nose lose their tone, involutional ptosis (omission) occurs, and the area of \u200b\u200bthe skin increases. As a protruding part of the body, the nose descends over time under the force of gravity. In women, the function of the gonads fades, which provokes the development of masculine facial features.
Attention! Anti-aging rhinoplasty is used to stop premature aging of the face and nose.
In the process of aging, not only the nose changes, but also the face. The nasolabial folds increase, the skin sags. These changes "exacerbate" the size of the nose, making it appear larger. With age, asymmetry in the structure of the nose also appears.
Anti-aging rhinoplasty will help delay the aging of the face and nose
During the operation, the plastic surgeon corrects the tip of the nose, removes excess tissue. , the nose becomes again as in youth.
Ecology, improper skin care or complete absence, lifestyle, nutrition contribute to the early manifestation of the aging process. There are no other recognized methods for correcting the shape and size of the nose, except for plastic surgery. For those who are attentive to their appearance, nose tip correction and rejuvenating plastic surgery are a 100% solution in the fight against age-related changes in the nose.
How appearance changes with age
The skin of the lips consists of 3-5 layers of cells, which is very small compared to the skin on the face (up to 16 layers). It is very light in color because it contains fewer melanocytes (cells that produce melanin, which gives skin its color). Because of this, blood vessels show through the skin, and the lips turn red. The skin of the lips acts as a transition from the outer skin of the face to the inner lining of the mouth. The lips are not covered with hairs and do not have sebaceous glands, and therefore do not have the usual protective layer of sweat and fatty secretions, which makes the skin smooth, protects against pathogenic bacteria and regulates heat transfer. For this reason, lips dry out faster and crack easily.
Lips - an erogenous zone
There are a lot of nerve endings in the lips, which is why they are an erogenous zone. They play a crucial role in kissing and other intimate acts. Women's lips are a visible sign of her ability to bear children. Studies by sex psychologists show that all over the planet, men find full lips more attractive than thin ones. This is a kind of biological indicator of a woman's health and her ability to bear children. Women take advantage of this by enhancing the effect with lipstick and dermal fillers, thus giving the appearance that a woman has more estrogen in her body than she really is (and, therefore, a woman is more fertile and attractive to a man).
Lip size is directly associated with sex appeal in both men and women. Women are attracted to men with "masculine" beautiful lips - not too big and not too small, sensual, but not too smooth. Researchers have found that both sexes are generally considered to have a small nose, large eyes, and sensual lips.
Age-related changes in the lips
Age-related changes around the lips are especially noticeable. The most significant of them: the upper lip lengthens and no longer protrudes above the lower, the visible red part of the lips becomes smaller. In addition, the skin becomes thinner and the subcutaneous tissue changes, leading to the appearance of wrinkles on and around the lips.
Volume loss
With age, usually plump lips become thinner, as here (as in other areas on the face) there is a decrease in the fat layer. Because of this, a woman no longer looks as healthy, attractive and fertile as before. Although the loss of adipose tissue occurs evenly on the lips, it seems that this process is more active in the upper lip. Anatomically, there should be more adipose tissue in the lower lip than in the upper lip.
There are ways to solve the problem of lip volume - dermal filler injections or surgery (implants). There is an opinion that botulinum toxin increases the size or volume of the lips, but it is wrong.
Downturned corners of the lips
With age, the skin in the lower part of the face loses its elasticity, and the corners of the lips begin to droop, giving the face an eternally dissatisfied or sad expression. This can be treated with dermal filler injections, Botox, or surgical procedures.
Creases around the lips
By creases around the lips, we mean vertical lines that radiate up and down from the red part of the lips. Sometimes these folds are called "smoker's lines", and their appearance is due to the movements of the muscles around the lips. Smoking and, regrettably, kissing aggravate the condition of the skin around the lips. In addition, lipstick from the lips can “run” along these folds.
Upper lip lengthening
As we age, the skin of the upper lip lengthens and the distance between the upper lip and nose increases. The nose itself also becomes larger as its elasticity increases. The upper lip begins to cover the teeth of the upper jaw when smiling, making the face less attractive. The ideal state is considered when 2-3 mm of teeth are visible under the upper lip in a relaxed state. With age, the upper lip leaves less and less of the teeth visible. You can reduce the length of the upper lip.
Lip care
There are several anatomical factors that contribute to lip aging. These are certain characteristics that can be improved with aesthetic procedures. Surgical procedures or less invasive solutions - the right make-up (lipstick, lip gloss, irritant-free pencil) or injections (and) will help to significantly improve or even restore the appearance of the lips.
The main factor in deciding on a filler injection is the feeling of disproportionate lips, their weak expression and lack of femininity. Most often, women decide on this procedure if the lips do not become as full as before, their size does not harmonize with the face, teeth are visible, one lip is larger than the other, or when some other part of the face dominates.
Often there are two main factors that motivate corrective procedures: the feeling that the lips have lost their former beauty and are beginning to undergo age-related changes, or the initial dissatisfaction with the way the lips look. In both cases, women seek to get rid of wrinkles around the lips and increase their fullness.
Often, those who have already undergone the procedure and those who are just thinking about it, compare their lips with the lips of other women. Less often - with the lips of celebrities, but such a comparison is not always pleasant.
“Dropped” lips reduce overall vigor. Thin lips are associated among others with stinginess and severity. Full lips - with cheerfulness, generosity and a cheerful character. The appearance of the lips has an impact on seductiveness rather than sex. Any sign of artificiality is off-putting, so changes in appearance must be very subtle and subtle. The essence of correction is not to deceive nature, but to return or slightly correct what nature has given you.
“I don't want to change - I just I want to go back 10 years.”
When the lips begin to wrinkle a little, the lipstick no longer looks as attractive due to the fact that the color does not lie on the lips as evenly as before. Dark or bright colors especially emphasize thin lips and wrinkles on them. In this case, lip gloss is preferable. The task of aesthetic therapy is to restore energy and freshness to the face within the framework of femininity and seductiveness.
During pregnancy, a woman often imagines how she will see her baby. However, in reality, the appearance of a newborn child may differ significantly from the imagined one. What may seem unusual to a mother at the first glance at a baby that can alarm or alert her?
1. Appearance of a newborn - First impression.
Parents' ideas about newborns are often far from the truth. In photographs in magazines, on TV, we are shown cheerful, rosy-cheeked strong men. Few people realize that such babies become only by 3 months of life. Therefore, at the time of the first meeting with the child, many mothers are frightened and think that something is wrong with their baby. Most of the time these doubts are unfounded. Let's talk about how the baby will look on your first date with him.
In a newly born baby, the skin, as a rule, has a bluish color. This is due to the lack of oxygen that the baby experienced while passing through the mother's birth canal. The bluish skin will pass in a few minutes, when the baby begins to breathe on his own and his blood is saturated with oxygen. The skin of the crumbs becomes, as a rule, bright red. This is due to the state of the subcutaneous vessels, which first narrow after childbirth due to a sharp change in temperature, and then expand reflexively. Such hyperemia (redness) of the skin persists for the first 2-3 days of life.
If the baby is premature (born before 37 weeks of gestation), the skin may be dark red. This is due to the fact that the subcutaneous vessels in these children are located very close to the surface of the skin due to the fact that the subcutaneous fat layer is very thin. That is why the skin of premature babies easily gathers into folds and forms wrinkles.
The palms and feet of the crumbs may remain cyanotic for some time. This is due to the imperfection of the circulatory system: the distal (more distant from the center) parts of the body are somewhat worse supplied with blood in the absence of active movements. As soon as the child becomes more active, he will move his arms and legs more, the skin of the palms and feet will turn pink.
Another feature of the skin of a newborn baby is a curdled lubricant, consisting of fallen skin epithelial cells, fats. It is rich in cholesterol and glycogen. Before birth, she protected the skin from soaking, as the baby was in a liquid medium (amniotic fluid). During childbirth, this lubricant helps the baby pass through the mother's birth canal. It also has bactericidal properties, preventing the penetration of infection. More lubrication occurs on the back of the body, on the face, ears, in the folds of the skin (axillary, cervical, inguinal, etc.). At the first toilet of a newborn, which is carried out by a midwife already in the delivery room, the original lubricant is removed, as it becomes useless.
In swarthy children, there is a noticeable spot resembling a bruise in the lumbosacral or gluteal region. This is the so-called Mongoloid spot. Melanocytes are responsible for skin pigmentation. They produce the pigment melanin, which gives the skin the appropriate color. During embryonic development, melanocytes migrate from the deep layers of the skin to the surface. However, some melanocytes remain in the deep layers of the skin. The skin in these places acquires a blue-black color. This process is genetically determined and is typical for representatives of nationalities with dark or yellow skin. It is a normal feature of the skin of such children and disappears most often by 5-7 months of age, but sometimes persists up to 3-4 years.
2. The appearance of the newborn - The head of the baby.
The head of a newborn baby looks large compared to the body. The head circumference of a newborn is on average 33-35 cm, while the circumference of the chest is on average 30-33 cm. This is normal. These two values \u200b\u200bare aligned only by 3 months of the life of the crumbs, and then the circumference of the chest gradually becomes larger than the circumference of the head.
The somewhat elongated shape of the newborn's head can frighten the mother. The fact is that the bones of the skull of a child in the womb are very mobile, this is due to the fact that the seams connecting them are soft. Therefore, during childbirth, they move relative to each other, adapting to the shape of the birth canal, and this facilitates the passage of the baby's head. When squeezed, the head takes on an ovoid shape, which is what the mother sees immediately after the birth of the crumbs. This passes already in the first days of a child's life: the movable bones of the skull take their usual position, and the head acquires a rounded shape.
In addition, on the head of a newborn, there is sometimes a small swelling filled with blood - cephalohematoma (hemorrhage between the periosteum and the skull bone). More often it is localized in the parietal or occipital region. Cephalhematoma is formed due to squeezing the head of the crumbs during passage through the birth canal: the integrity of the wall of small vessels of the head of the child is violated, which causes the accumulation of blood that has poured out of them between the periosteum and the skull bone. This can be facilitated by the use of obstetric forceps (a medical instrument placed on the fetal head to extract it according to strict indications) during childbirth.
Usually small cephalohematomas disappear within 6-8 weeks and do not require treatment. If the cephalohematoma is of considerable size, then its independent resorption can take months, but the large size of the hematoma is not an indication for medical intervention. In rare severe cases, complications may occur, such as hematoma suppuration, requiring mandatory medical intervention.
Often there are so-called birth tumors - edema, localized on that part of the fetal head, which first passed through the birth canal. The birth tumor is most often located in the occipital region or the parietal part of the head. The size of the edema depends on the duration and complexity of childbirth. The slower the child went through the birth canal, the more pronounced the birth tumor. It usually resolves on its own in 3-4 days.
3. Appearance of the newborn - Physiological hypertonicity.
A child is born with clenched fists, tightly pressed to the body with bent arms and legs. Such was his position in the womb and such it will remain for some time after birth. This is physiological muscle hypertonicity. Gradually, the palms will open, the arms and legs will become more mobile. The hypertonicity of the arms normally disappears in the fourth month of the life of the crumbs, and the hypertonicity of the legs - in the fifth.
4. Appearance of the newborn - Hair.
At birth, the hair on the baby's head may be long, but it may not be at all. Hair color may vary. Most often, during the first year of life, the first hairs fall out and new ones begin to grow in their place. Hair color can also change over time.
On closer inspection...
5. Appearance of a newborn - Eye color.
Newly-made parents are often worried about what color their child's eyes will be: like mom, dad, or maybe grandma? Unfortunately, it is difficult to determine this until six months. Most babies are born with blue eyes. By about 1 month, the color of the eyes begins to gradually change. And only by 6 months a permanent eye color is established. In a newborn child, the iris (color) of the eye contains a lot of pigment, which is the reason for the blue color. And as the child grows, the amount of pigment may increase (then the eyes darken) or not increase - and the eyes remain light. It depends on heredity.
The whites of the eyes immediately after childbirth may be red, which is due to hemorrhage from the blood vessels of the child's eyes that burst during childbirth. It goes away on its own in the first days of life.
Another feature of some babies is strabismus. The eyes can periodically disperse in different directions or, conversely, move to the bridge of the nose. This is a completely normal phenomenon due to weakness of the eye muscles. The child cannot fix his eyes on the object for a long time, the muscles of the eye get tired and cease to function normally. For most children, this goes away by 3 months, but for some it continues up to six months - this is a variant of the norm.
6. Appearance of the newborn - Fontanelles.
Stroking the baby on the head, the mother can feel two soft grooves. These are large and small springs. Fontanelles are formed at the junction of the bones of the skull. The large fontanel has the shape of a rhombus, is located on the top of the head at the junction of the frontal bone with two parietal bones and can be of different sizes (usually about 2x2 cm). By placing your hand on it, you can feel its pulsation. The large fontanel closes by about 12 months. The small fontanel has a triangular shape, is located in the back of the head and is formed at the junction of the parietal bones with the occipital bone. Its larger size is about 0.5 cm. But most often, by the time of birth, the small fontanel is already closed. If it is still present, then in 2-3 months it will completely close.
7. Appearance of a newborn - The face of a newborn.
In the first hours of life, the child's face may be swollen. And sometimes, because of the swelling, the baby can not even open his eyes. This is due to a violation of the outflow of venous blood from the face when squeezed during passage through the birth canal. It's not worth worrying about this. Such edema disappears in the first days of life.
On the face of some babies, red stripes or irregularly shaped spots may also appear - vascular spots of newborns. This is nothing more than bundles of blood vessels translucent through thin skin. Most often they are located in the upper eyelids, between the eyebrows, on the back of the neck and in the ears. Some babies are born with these spots, and some have them on the 2nd or 3rd day of life. They usually disappear by the age of 3 without outside intervention.
8. Appearance of a newborn - Vellus hair on the body.
In many newborns, on the skin of the body, one can notice the original fluff - lanugo. This fluff covered the entire body of the fetus from about the 7th month of pregnancy. Most of this gun disappears before birth, but some of it can be seen after birth. Characteristic localizations of lanugo are the areas under the shoulder blades, shoulders. And in premature babies, the cheeks can also be covered with fluff. As a rule, vellus hair disappears by 2 weeks of age.
9. Appearance of the newborn - Genital organs of the newborn.
A lot of questions from mothers can also cause the appearance of the genital organs in a child. At birth, in both boys and girls, the genitals are most often swollen and appear very large. This is due to the presence of placental estrogens in the blood. This is a temporary phenomenon. The swelling usually subsides within one to two weeks of the baby's life.
10. Appearance of a newborn - The first days of life.
Jaundice of newborns. Physiological jaundice of newborns occurs in many babies, their skin and mucous crumbs acquire a yellowish color. Jaundice occurs most often on the 3-4th day after birth. It is associated with the breakdown of erythrocytes (red blood cells) that contain fetal hemoglobin (a protein found in red blood cells that carries oxygen to body cells) specific to the fetus. One of the breakdown products of red blood cells is bilirubin. The enzyme systems of the liver are still imperfect and do not have time to quickly remove bilirubin, as a result of which it accumulates in the blood, causing a yellow coloration of the skin and mucous membranes.
Jaundice disappears within one to two weeks as the bilirubin excretion systems mature and due to the completion of the breakdown of red blood cells with fetal hemoglobin.
With severe jaundice, the baby may be prescribed intravenous infusions of glucose, UV radiation, choleretic drugs that help remove excess bilirubin from the body. Thus, doctors help the child's body cope with this condition. Ignoring severe jaundice can cause irreparable harm to the child's body due to the pronounced toxic effect of an elevated level of bilirubin on the baby's body. There is a general intoxication of the body, especially the nervous system suffers, in particular the brain (bilirubin is deposited in the gray matter of the brain, especially in the nuclei of the brain stem - "nuclear jaundice"), as well as the liver and spleen of the newborn.
Pimples (milia). On the 2-3rd day of life, the child may develop a small punctate rash in the form of yellowish blisters filled with a clear liquid. These are the so-called miles or "millet spots". Their appearance is associated with blockage of the sebaceous glands of the skin. Usually, milia disappear in the first months of life and do not require special treatment.
Peeling of the skin. On the 3-5th day, peeling of the skin may begin, which is more common in post-term children (born after 42 weeks of pregnancy). Peeling of the skin is the sloughing of the top layer of the skin. Thus, the skin adapts to the new environmental conditions. Since this condition is a pathology and goes away without any medical intervention, you should not lubricate the skin of a newborn with a moisturizer: this will only interfere with the natural process. Peeling goes away after 5-7 days on its own.
11. Appearance of a newborn - Mammary glands.
It happens that on the 3-4th day, both in boys and girls, swelling of the mammary glands occurs. Within a week, they can increase in volume. Moreover, they swell symmetrically, you don’t observe redness around, but a white liquid similar to milk may begin to be released from the nipples. The composition of this liquid is similar to the mother's colostrum. Such changes occur due to the circulation in the blood of the newborn maternal sex hormones - estrogens (they are transmitted to the child through the placenta). Soon these hormones will be removed from the body, and within a month the mammary glands will return to normal.
12. Appearance of a newborn - Umbilical wound.
The navel of a newborn also does not immediately take on the form we are used to. After the umbilical cord is tied up during childbirth and then cut off, the umbilical cord remains, which doctors remove in the maternity hospital for 2-3 days. An umbilical wound remains in its place, which heals by about the 20th day of the baby's life. Until that time, it requires careful care and respect. In the maternity hospital, the nurse will show you how to properly treat the umbilical wound. For this, hydrogen peroxide is used, an antiseptic solution (“potassium permanganate”, “brilliant green”, chlorphyllipt solution). During processing, you need to carefully remove dried crusts. You need to treat the wound twice a day - in the morning and after bathing the crumbs until it is completely healed. Until the umbilical wound heals, it is recommended to bathe the child in a baby bath, adding a solution of potassium permanganate to the water until it turns slightly pink.
You need to constantly monitor the condition of the wound. If you notice reddening of its edges, an unpleasant odor, or various discharges (usually white or yellow), you should immediately consult a doctor, as all this may be signs of infection.
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