In which houses can individual heating be installed? How to make independent heating in the apartment. Autonomous heating in the apartment: price, reviews. Apartment heating: features

Tired of huge utility bills, untimely heat cuts and sudden temperature changes, many are wondering: how to make individual heating in an apartment? Installing a personal heating and hot water supply system is quite realistic. You just need to know some subtleties and aspects, without which nothing will work.

The real installation of individual heating in an apartment building does not begin with the call of specialists, but with the collection of all necessary permits. Many services are unwilling to sign papers of their own free will. They can be understood, because they lose money. But the law is on the side of the apartment owners. If it is technically possible to disconnect from the general heating, and the location of the pipes in the house provides for such a possibility, you can refer to the Federal Law “On Heat Supply” No. 190, as well as Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation N 307 of April 16, 2012, which refers to order of installation and connection of heat supply systems.

The legislator does not prohibit the use of modern boilers and systems that meet the requirements and standards. You can read more about a variety of modern heating systems. Today, there are many examples when the owners of living space won the courts and carried out the desired engineering systems for themselves, which save money on utility bills by 3-5 times.

The documents with which the installation of individual heating in an apartment begins are usually an impressive folder, for the design of which you will have to go through many instances. But it's worth it. After all, comfort, economy and convenience are decisive factors in this matter.

List of required documents:

All of the above only partially answers the question of how to install individual heating in an apartment building, the success of the planned enterprise also depends on the choice of equipment.

Choosing a boiler for individual heating

Traditionally, boilers for individual heating of an apartment are chosen based on their power and reliability. For those residents of multi-apartment complexes in whose premises gas is supplied, the choice of boilers tends to be in favor of gas equipment. Although the owners of apartments with electrical equipment can also install a gas boiler.

A gas boiler

To establish a comfortable temperature regime in the apartment, the required boiler power is calculated. A competent calculation is only possible for those specialists who can assess the climatic conditions of the region, correctly measure the heated area, and select the equipment of the apartment according to all the necessary aspects.

When installing the system, you will have to choose not only boilers, radiators and the pipes themselves. It will be necessary to determine in advance whether single-pipe or two-pipe wiring is best done in this area. Single-pipe wiring is suitable for one-room apartments and a small number of radiators. But large areas require an increase in the number of pipes.

Modern individual gas heating in an apartment building is carried out with the participation of the main element of the system - a gas boiler.

On the market you can find products of both foreign and domestic production. Only those who live in Russia should pay attention to the fact that it is more difficult to find spare parts for repairing European options, and not every master will understand the device of an imported unit. And domestic boilers are repaired without any problems.

Gas is one of the cheapest types of fuel. A gas-fired boiler will cost less during operation than its electric counterpart.

The advantages of a gas boiler include the following aspects:

With all the advantages, it is necessary to take into account the fact that the boiler will need a chimney for operation, and constant monitoring of the tightness of the equipment. According to the norms and standards, the placement of a gas boiler in an individual residential building takes place in the kitchen or in the bathroom. To install it, the room must have wide doors, a window on the window, and a tap from which water can be turned on at any time.

Electric boiler

Today, electric boilers for individual heating are considered the easiest to use devices for autonomous heating in an apartment. They are divided into floor and wall devices. They are much easier to install than all other systems, and their maintenance does not take much time.

Also, electric boilers for individual heating, the price of which is slightly higher than for gas boilers, are considered safer and quieter devices. When heating with electricity, you can set different modes for each room. Among heating boilers there are devices operating on different types of fuel. They belong to combined type boilers, and can operate in different modes as efficiently as boilers operating on the same fuel option.

System installation: selection of batteries and accessories

When the documents are drawn up and the choice of equipment is made, the following question arises: how to properly make the heating in the apartment, the answer to which can only be given by a qualified master. But at the initial stage, the owner of the home begins to develop a heating project, so we will consider batteries for heating for an apartment and all the accessories for them.

Batteries consisting of sections are considered the most suitable option for heating an apartment. The power of the radiator and the amount of heat that it can give for heating depend on the number of sections. The material from which the section is made can have different thermal conductivity.

Let's get acquainted with the thermal conductivity of one section depending on the material in more detail:

So thin radiators will give off more heat than, for example, cast iron ones, but not all radiators meet quality standards. You can calculate the number of sections if you take into account the following operating conditions:

In many apartments, the loggia plays the role of a separate living space. How to conduct heating on the loggia? To do this, it must be insulated by installing windows there, and laying the walls, floor and ceiling with insulation. Then, pipes are pulled from the nearest radiator to the loggia, to which battery sections are attached.

The standard connection of bimetallic heating radiators includes the installation of an assembly complex with brackets and two taps to completely shut off the water. With a small number of sections, bimetallic batteries are connected according to the proven "supply and return" scheme. For radiators with a large number of sections, wiring is done diagonally.

Starting the heating system

If all the previous conditions are met, how to turn on the heating in the apartment and at the same time avoid gross mistakes? The most common method is a test water supply. Of course, if a leak occurs somewhere, then some parts of the system will have to be changed. But in general, the method justifies the risks.

In order to successfully test the equipment complex, you need to know how the heating battery works, according to what principle heat exchange is carried out. The water heated by the boiler moves through the pipes, getting into the battery, gives off heat to the radiator. The material of the radiator, heated by hot water, radiates heat into the surrounding space.

So how to turn on the heating battery in the apartment?

It is necessary to open all the taps in stages, making sure in practice that there are no leaks anywhere, and the whole complex is homogeneous. It is convenient to divide the system with several limiters, by turning which it will be possible to let water into the radiators of a separate room, or completely disconnect the selected room from the rest of the complex.

Also in specialized stores, liquid for heating batteries is sold, the price of which varies depending on the brand. This antifreeze is used to protect the system from corrosion, to ensure good pump performance. You can learn more about coolants from our article. When using liquid in a room that periodically cools to low temperatures, draining antifreeze is not required. If a leak occurs, the liquid vapor can be harmful to the human body. However, it is not flammable and is quite safe when used correctly.

Having considered individual heating in an apartment from all sides, we can conclude that it has a huge number of advantages. It's nice enough to wake up in autumn and spring in a warm room, and not put your feet out of bed on the icy floor, as happens when using central heating. You can not depend on the repair of neighbors when they change pipes and turn off all residents for the whole day. When a person uses his own boilers and components, the price of maintaining an apartment is greatly reduced, and the equipment itself pays off in a few years.

Today, more and more people prefer to install individual heating in the apartment instead of the general one. Everyone has their own reasons that push them to such a decision. Most often, apartment residents are dissatisfied with the quality of the work of the general heating installation. Therefore, the question of installing individual heating is currently quite acute.

The realities of modern life force many people to install individual heating on their own, because. professional installation of such systems is quite expensive. The individual heating system is considered the most appropriate solution for both apartments and private houses.

Individual heating: choice of boiler, radiators and pipes

Installation of individual heating in an apartment begins with the choice of heating equipment: a boiler, batteries and pipes.

Among the boilers, the first place is occupied by gas units with a closed combustion chamber. The main issue of choice is the presence of a hot water circuit. If there are no interruptions in the supply of hot water in your apartment and the boiler will be used exclusively for heating, then you need to buy a unit without a hot water circuit.
Suitable radiators must be selected. Any radiators, except for cast iron ones, are well suited. You can choose any option from steel, aluminum and copper-aluminum radiators. It all depends on your budget and individual taste preferences.
An individual heating system in an apartment can be created using copper, metal-plastic and polypropylene pipes. Copper heating pipes are the most reliable and durable, but also the most expensive. For a budget option, polypropylene heating pipes are well suited. Metal-plastic products have an average cost.

Individual heating system: installation features

Schematic diagram of an apartment water heating system with pump circulation of the coolant and a heat storage tank: 1 - storage tank; 2 - plug valve; 3 - expansion tank; 4 - main riser; 5 - heat generator; 6 - heater; 7 - circulation pump type TsVTs; 8 - check valve; HH - boiler heating center; 00 - cooling center; MM is the center of the tank; TP - a tee with a stopper.

If individual type heating is considered in a simple apartment, then it can be installed by any person who has the skills to work with electric tools. Of course, a little ingenuity does not hurt, but in general, no difficulties should arise.
Having familiarized yourself with the intricacies and nuances of this work, you can quickly and without any problems do everything yourself. Even if you can not install the entire system, then at least you will get the opportunity to personally supervise the work process by third-party specialists. The process of installing an individual heating system in an apartment consists of the following steps:

laying of the main pipeline;
installation and connection of heating radiators to the highway;
installation of a heating boiler, with connection to a gas pipe and a heating system.

An apartment with individual heating has many advantages. However, in order for the system to work as it should, it is necessary to choose the correct heating scheme. If there are not many radiators and you are limited in finances, then you can make a single-pipe system, however, temperature control in this case will not be possible. That is why it is better to install a two-pipe heating system.

The most difficult stage of work is the installation of the boiler. Works related to the installation of boiler equipment must be carried out in compliance with all safety measures and knowledge of the matter, therefore, the installation of the boiler must be carried out only by a qualified specialist and after obtaining the appropriate permits.
Installation of individual heating in an apartment is carried out using the following tools:

2 gas wrenches for mounting spurs in pipes;
a set of car keys;
1 wrench for connecting heating radiators and installing heating pipe connections;
drill;
hammer with a bell.

Individual heating system: installation of appliances

Installation work is best to start with the installation of heating devices. This will help you understand how the individual heating system in the apartment should be arranged.
The most important thing is to correctly calculate the power of the radiators, after which you can buy the required number of devices and proceed with the assembly and installation process.
Each radiator, with the use of which an individual heating system in the apartment will be built, must contain futhor nuts, a plug and a Mayevsky tap. The latter is installed on the right on the upper connections of the installed heating batteries. A stub is placed on the left.
Heating supply and return pipelines are connected to the lower connections.
From below, pipelines must be provided with control and shut-off valves. The shut-off valve is placed on the right, and the regulating valve is on the left.

Actually, there is not much difference in the sides of the installation of taps, it's just that this rule will help you not to get confused when installing taps on other radiators.
The next stage of work is directly heating. Fix the radiator on special brackets under the window opening. It is necessary to maintain the installation level correctly.
This requirement is determined not so much by aesthetics as by the performance of the heating system as a whole.
If the slope of your radiators is directed towards the Mayevsky faucet, you simply will not be able to expel the accumulating air from the system. As a result, radiators will show partial or even complete inoperability.

Individual heating: laying of main pipelines

After the installation of heating batteries, the stage of the installation of the main pipeline follows. The mounting material that is used in the laying process can be varied, of your choice. It is much more important to know the basic principles of this process.
The work can be done according to 2 main methods: closed and open. The closed method provides for a strobe device in the floor and at the bottom of the wall. To install hidden pipelines, it is best to use drywall. If the walls in your apartment are already insulated with plasterboard, you can use the cavity between the wall and the plaster to lay the pipeline.
The same can be done when insulating with mineral wool. All pipes that are hidden in gypsum or in a wall must be additionally insulated with Merilon. This makes it possible to drastically reduce heat loss and leave space for the pipeline, which will be very useful with thermal expansion.
The open version of arranging individual heating is simpler to implement, but be sure to pay attention to the disadvantage that the unaesthetic appearance of the opening communications. If this suits you, then give preference to the open method. Pipelines in this case will be laid directly above the floor and rigidly fixed to the walls with clips.
The individual heating system in the apartment is arranged using main pipes with a diameter of ¾ inches. The connections leading from the tees to the radiators are a pipe with a diameter of ½ inch. Other pipes are not needed.

Connecting the heating system and checking for leaks

The final step in the installation of an individual heating system in an apartment is the connection of heating devices to the mains. It is best to connect during the laying of pipelines. The connection must be made immediately after the pipes are pulled to the battery. The mains are connected to radiators using tees, which are placed to the left and right of the heaters. On the right, the tee will be connected to the return pipeline, on the left it will lead to the hot water main.
The individual heating system in the apartment must be checked for leaks. The first option is to immediately fill the heating system with coolant. Do this only if you are completely confident in your work, especially if special anti-freeze compounds are used as a coolant. In the event of a leak, you will lose a lot of coolant and, accordingly, money.
Therefore, it is better to use the simplest and most affordable way to pressurize the heating system - use an air compressor. To do this, it is necessary to screw a tee with a tap and a pressure gauge into the radiator. Connect the compressor and pump up 4 bar. Close the faucet, note the time. If within 1 hour the pressure in the system has not dropped, then everything is tight. If the pressure drops, then you need to look for leaks.
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First try to find leaks at the threaded joints, then, if in doubt, check the interconnects of the batteries and pipe joints.
Professionals recommend another simple method. Previously, a soapy solution was used for this, which was quite inconvenient, because. it was necessary to find a suitable container, pour warm water into it, cut the soap, stir it, and only then use it. Nowadays, everything is much simpler. you can just take any inexpensive dishwashing detergent with a spray bottle and spray suspicious places with it. If there is a leak, you will see many small bubbles. Successful work!

The topic of our article is the installation of individual heating in an apartment building. We will consider how this idea is economically justified and what technical problems may arise during its implementation. In addition, of course, we are interested in the legal aspect of the problem.

When slightly warm batteries are combined with an increase in utility bills, this leads to a natural result.

Reasons for disconnecting from central heating

heat prices

Let's just say: in the case of central heating, they are high. From the point of view of the consumer - highly unjustified.

They include not only the cost of thermal energy, but also many other costs:

Repair, maintenance and periodic replacement of heating mains. This includes the cost of heavy equipment when excavating trenches, and the cost of pipes, and thermal insulation work, and much more.
Inevitable heat losses along the path of the heat carrier from the CHP to the final consumer. Yes, yes, the heat that is uselessly dissipated in the atmosphere is also paid for by you.
Repair and maintenance of shut-off valves in thermal units, calculation of nozzle diameters in elevators and many other related works.
Finally, the maintenance of a large apparatus of managers, officials, accountants, site managers and engineers also places a burden on the consumer.

After the initial investment, you only pay for the thermal energy you use. More precisely, for the amount of gas that is necessary for its production.

Convenience

Another strong argument in favor of switching to individual heating is banal convenience. From the moment you install your own heating equipment, you are no longer tied to the beginning of the heating season and the temperature schedule of boiler houses. At home, the temperature you need, regardless of thaws or frosts.

Counterarguments

What are the disadvantages of an individual heating system in an apartment building?

The cost of the equipment is high enough for the payback period to be calculated in years. Do not forget: this is not only about a gas boiler (other types of fuel can be ignored in principle).
After disconnecting from the central heating, only risers leading to the neighbors will pass through your apartment; you will have to re-mount a new heating circuit with your own hands.

For reference: at current prices, the total cost of equipment is estimated at 80-160 thousand rubles, depending on the area of the apartment.

Like any gas equipment, the boiler can only be installed by representatives of the gas service after obtaining permission to install it.
The boiler must have a closed burner with air intake from the street. This is an official requirement (and valid for Russia as well); it is quite justified from the standpoint of common sense.
With a large torch and closed windows, the tenants of the apartment run the risk of suffocation due to a drop in the level of oxygen in the air.
The removal of combustion products will also become a problem. Not everywhere the ventilation duct is able to pass a large volume of hot air.
A coaxial duct through the wall would be an excellent solution if it were not for the obvious objections of the neighbors: who enjoys breathing the exhaust of a gas boiler with open windows?
Don't forget about fire safety too. Explosions of gas equipment occasionally occur, despite all security measures.
Finally, it is worth considering an important point. is currently the cheapest. Gas is an irreplaceable resource, the reserves of which are limited.
Ukrainian and Russian prices for it are 8-10 times lower than European ones and over time they will level out in terms of the general level.

And the overall level, as the world reserves are depleted, will grow - inevitably and very quickly.

Government objections

Why are apartment buildings with individual heating so unpopular with government officials at various levels?

Why do you have to beat out permission to disconnect from the central heating with such efforts?

The main reason is, of course, the economic background. Less money in the housing and communal services budget means not only less income for officials, but in the future it will also lead to problems with servicing worn-out heating systems (after all, not everyone will switch to individual heating systems), and a lack of funding for scheduled repairs of heating mains.
With centralized heating, all apartments in the house have approximately the same temperature. The project includes identical radiators along the riser; the coolant temperature differs little.

But in the case of individual heating, everything is more complicated. It is enough to lower the average temperature in your apartment by a few degrees - and you will ensure a constant flow of heat through the floors and walls from neighboring apartments.

That is, you will become an illegal consumer of heat for which you do not pay.

Disorder!

Not only that: with a constant heat flow from heating devices, due to heat loss, the neighbors will become colder. And this problem will have to be solved by the residents.
What happens if you leave, leaving the apartment without heating? Again, increased heat consumption for heating your empty apartment; in the future - freezing of internal partitions and defrosting of the water supply.

As you can see, the authorities do not like the transition to autonomous heating, not only because of their own "greed and malice".

The freezing wall in the photo is a consequence of the cold in the next room.

Technical side

How to make wiring from a gas boiler, if the decision to switch to individual heating is not only accepted, but also implemented by you?

No surprises are expected here. An autonomous heating system in a city apartment is no different from autonomous heating in a cottage; and they have vast experience.

Circulation

We are not talking about natural circulation simply because you cannot provide the height difference between the boiler and the radiators necessary for it. The wall-mounted boiler will be located above, and not below, the heating devices.

Note that the good news is that you most likely won't have to take care of the circulation pump and the safety group.
All this equipment, together with an expansion tank, is often placed in the body of a modern gas boiler with a closed burner and electronic ignition.

Heating appliances

Individual heating, unlike central heating, implies the stability of the coolant parameters. The temperature will not exceed the set one; hydroblows can not be expected.

If so, the obvious choice would be aluminum radiators. Beautiful, not expensive and having excellent heat dissipation per section.

Tip: underfloor heating in an apartment can also be an excellent choice.
However, not everywhere the height of the ceilings allows you to raise the floor by the thickness of the screed; and repairs when installing a warm floor will turn out to be too global.

Pipes

We remember about the stability of heating parameters. Therefore, you can not waste time and money on expensive and difficult to install steel pipes. Our choice is plastic.

Which one?

- the cheapest option, requiring a minimum set of tools and few skills for installation. Reinforcement is needed not so much for reasons of strength, but to reduce the thermal expansion of filling and piping.
Cross-linked polyethylene is somewhat more expensive on its own; in addition, for installation, it requires the purchase of a rather expensive tool - an extender.
What will we gain in exchange for the costs? Greater durability and greater resistance to temperature and pressure (which, as we remember, is not a determining factor).

Wiring

If the layout of the apartment allows you to run a pipe around its perimeter, the cheapest to implement will be a simple one-pipe barrack-type wiring (the so-called Leningradka). The bottling forms a closed loop; heaters do not break it, but crash in parallel. A circuit with bypasses under each battery allows you to regulate the temperature of each of them independently.

Single-pipe wiring is somewhat inconvenient in that you have to circle the doors from below or above - the entrance and the balcony. However, two-pipe wiring will allow you to form only two independent half-circuits on both sides of ONE of the doors. The second will still have to circle.

From the point of view of aesthetics and convenience, the beam (collector) scheme for connecting radiators is optimal. It implies that each heater is equipped with its own supply, which is usually laid in the floor. The obstacle was already mentioned when we touched on the installation of a warm floor: not everywhere the height of the ceiling will allow you to raise the floor by the thickness of the screed.

Tip: in apartments with a wooden plank floor, beam wiring can be laid between the lag. Of course, the price of convenience in this case is a partial disassembly of the coating.

Legal side

Well, what about the main obstacle - bureaucratic obstacles? Are there instructions on where to go and what papers to collect in order to get the coveted opportunity to heat yourself?

For Ukrainians, the necessary information is contained in the order of the Ministry of Construction, Architecture and Housing and Communal Services of Ukraine dated November 22, 2005.

The local self-government or executive authority creates an interdepartmental commission, which, in fact, makes a decision.
A collective application of the residents of the house (or entrance, section, etc.) is submitted to the commission with a copy of the minutes of the general meeting of residents.
The Commission makes a decision taking into account the current state of highways, communications and engineering networks, as well as the prospects for their development. The term is a month. Upon the expiration of the term, the commission must make a decision, the protocol of which is provided to the applicant within ten days.
If the decision is positive, the applicant is provided with a list of organizations to obtain technical specifications.
The grounds for refusal are the likelihood of disruption of the heating in adjacent rooms (in other words, when it is impossible to cut off the heating only in the right part of the house) and overloading the gas pipeline.
In the event that the removal of combustion products is not provided for by the design of the ventilation ducts, installation of an external chimney can be offered. There are precedents.

Relocation and thermal insulation of risers may be required; strengthening of thermal insulation of partitions shared with central heating premises; replacement of the elevator or the entire heating unit.

The ideal scenario is if you live on the top floor. It is enough to put a jumper on the risers below - and there is no central heating in your apartment.

The finished project is coordinated with the organizations that provided the technical conditions.

If, from your point of view, the refusal was received without good reason, you can appeal through the court. Judicial practice shows that approximately half of the disputed cases end in the victory of the plaintiff and the successful implementation of the transition to autonomous heating.

And what about in Russia? Alas, everything is much sadder: according to clause 15, article 14 of the Federal Law of the Russian Federation No. 190 (“On Heat Supply”), turning off a separate apartment and switching to autonomous heating is prohibited. Only the whole house can switch to its own heating systems.

In this case, the procedure and the list of instances that will have to be visited are completely identical to the current one for Ukraine.

From the author: in some cases, the idea of \u200b\u200bchanging an apartment for a private house seems more sensible. The costs of the actual exchange and relocation may well be comparable to the payment of technical conditions, the project and its implementation.

Conclusion

Want to learn more about this rather painful topic for many? Watch the video at the end of the article. There will certainly be a lot of useful additional information for you.

For many apartment owners, the issue of heating in winter becomes an acute problem.

As experience shows, centralized heating is no longer justified, since either the equipment is old and simply “does not pull”, or the tariffs are unreasonably high.

Is it possible to do autonomous heating in the apartment? Autonomous heating of an apartment in an apartment building is a reality today, but before deciding to install a gas boiler or install underfloor heating, you should find out how legal it is, and which system will be cost-effective and reliable.

How to make autonomous heating in an apartment, read the article.

Autonomous heating in an apartment building

Is it possible to install autonomous heating in the apartment with your own hands? Although there is no legislative ban on autonomous heating, it is still it is advisable to consult a lawyer, as some heating systems are banned. For example, water heated floors in apartments cannot be installed due to the fact that they can overload the system, thus depriving other residents of the house of heat.

In other cases, it is required to collect the necessary documents and present them to local authorities:

registration certificate for housing;
application for refusal from central heating;
document on the right of ownership;
scheme of the new heating system;
consent of all tenants.

As a rule, such a seemingly simple request as the refusal of central heating and the transition to the provision of heat itself turns out to be a lengthy bureaucratic problem.

Even more trouble will be the installation of autonomous heating in an apartment without a permit. This can end not only with a large fine, but also with a lawsuit, so before deciding to equip an apartment with any heating systems, you need to get advice from the relevant authorities and permission for autonomous heating in the apartment.

Schemes for autonomous heating of an apartment:

Advantages and disadvantages

If permission has already been obtained for autonomous heating in an apartment building, then you can proceed to the choice of an alternative type of heat. This is easier to do, knowing the pros and cons of autonomous heating in the apartment.

For the first time, an autonomous heating system for an apartment appeared in Europe. Due to its clear advantages over centralized methods of space heating, it quickly spread throughout the world.

Advantages:

The main advantage of the system is significant cost savings. The owner of the apartment independently decides when to turn on and when to turn off the heating. For example, today there are thermostats in which you can set a timer for a certain time, which allows you to either completely or partially turn off the system when no one is at home, and turn it on half an hour before the arrival of residents.
The owner of the apartment can create the necessary microclimate in each room.
Pay exclusively for the heating meter and not depend on public utilities and government tariffs.

When making a choice in favor of alternative heat, you need to find out in advance how much autonomous heating costs in an apartment, and what kind of it will be not only economical, but also effective.

Among the disadvantages of such a system, the following nuances can be noted:

Its regular preventive check once a year, for which you need to call a specialist. It's not that expensive, but still, many users either ignore this need or simply forget about it.
When installing even the best heating radiators for an apartment, you should remember about possible heat losses, which often cause external walls, unheated rooms from below or poor-quality glazing.

Today, many construction organizations are building residential apartment buildings with ready-made autonomous heating systems. Such housing is in great demand, as it costs a little less and allows the owners to decide for themselves which type of heating to choose.

Gas heating

As a rule, apartment owners have a choice between two types of alternative heat sources:

Designs based on a gas boiler.
Electrical heating systems.

Gas heating has several advantages:

When installing a new heating, the old system must be dismantled. It is easier and cheaper to install new radiators than to try to fit old ones to it. Although modern gas boilers have the highest degree of protection, gas leakage is still possible.

Selection of pipes, boiler and radiators

The operation of the entire system depends on the correct choice of the boiler.

They are:

single-circuit;
double-circuit.

For example, if water heating requires the installation of a boiler, then you can get by with the option of a single-circuit gas boiler.

Making a choice in favor of gas heating, it is better to purchase a boiler made of cast iron or a special durable metal. Although they are heavy, they will last much longer.

But pipes for a similar heating system fit polypropylene or metal-plastic, as a budget option, and copper, if the wallet allows it.

With radiators, you also have to decide in advance. Today, consumers are very popular bimetal heating radiators.

Which ones are actually better for an apartment can be determined by the amount of their heat transfer, for example:

cast iron batteries give 110 watts;
aluminum - 199 W of heat;
steel up to 85 W;
bimetallic - 199 watts.

Before buying radiators, it is necessary to calculate in advance how many sections will be required for each room. To do this, the heat transfer of the material must be divided by 100. For example, for a bimetallic radiator, it is 199 W / 100, which equals 1.99 W per 1 m2.

There are several nuances that should be taken into account when choosing radiators and calculating their number:

Having made all the calculations and adding to them the cost of the autonomous gas heating system itself, you can make a decision to buy it, or you can compare these figures with electric types of heating.

Electric heating

If you choose electricity as a source of heat, then you can opt for:

on an electric boiler;
cable underfloor heating system;
on an infrared film field;
on the heat pump.

An electric boiler is mounted in the same way as a gas boiler, but everything is simplified by the fact that it does not require a chimney and a ventilation system.

Warm floors, especially heating mats and film systems, have won the hearts of many consumers for a long time. They are a worthy alternative to centralized heating, and with a high-quality thermostat, they can significantly save money during their operation.

The operation of heat pumps is based on the pumping of air from the street and its heating. Modern air conditioners are also able to provide the necessary amount of heat to all rooms in the apartment, but, as consumer reviews indicate, it is warm floors that make it possible to create truly comfortable conditions.

In severe cold, comfort in the dwelling of an apartment building depends on the operation of the central heating system. Of course, you can use additional heaters to create a certain temperature regime, but the rise in the price of energy resources makes it necessary to save the family budget. And equipping radiators with thermostats in this case will not solve the problem.

The way out is to install an individual heating system, which will create a favorable microclimate and allow you to set different temperatures in each individual room. It is possible to legally resolve the issue, but only after a long and painstaking work on collecting a package of documents, obtaining permission from special authorities and coordinating the project.

Watch a video about individual apartment heating

Advantages of individual heating in the apartment

Economical energy consumption due to the installation of an automatic system, as well as a reduction in payment for space heating.

Autonomous system provides uninterrupted heating.

There is an opportunity for residents to regulate the heat supply themselves, change the operating mode.

Most models of boilers are equipped with additional devices that provide hot water.

An individual heating system can be used in parallel with the central line, including if necessary.

Read also: Water supply of a private house

Individual heating in the apartment: features

Disconnection from centralized heating does not relieve the owners of apartments from pipeline maintenance. Moreover, the owners must freely allow service company employees to monitor the condition of the pipes, because the system is the property of the whole house.

An equally important point is the preliminary development of project documentation. An autonomous heating system is not allowed to be installed in all houses. The technical compliance of the premises and the gas main is supported by the required number of air ducts, a place for installing the boiler. The installed equipment must be in operation safe for the health of all residents of an apartment building.

The efficiency of the use of autonomous heating will increase if the room is protected from heat losses. Before proceeding with the replacement of the system, it is necessary to take measures to insulate the walls, floor, window and door openings. Residents of the first floors are advised to insulate the floor, and the last - the ceiling.

It should be noted that unauthorized disconnection from the central highway is illegal, and entails legal liability.

Choosing a boiler for individual heating in an apartment

According to the developed project and the technical characteristics of the gas pipeline, a boiler is selected. Of the existing types of equipment, gas units with a closed combustion chamber are more popular. In addition to the function of heating, they provide hot water. In terms of energy efficiency, equipment differs in the following types:

Read also: Supply ventilation in the apartment: types, principle of operation

- ordinary;

- convection:

- condensation.

Many years of experience in the use of condensing-type boilers in European countries has shown their efficiency. The advantageous characteristics are overshadowed only by the high cost, unbearable for the majority of the population.

Experts advise not to buy cheap units. The initial affordable cost has an underlying reason - high fuel consumption. In the conditions of the energy crisis, it is irrational to install such equipment and throw away a lot of money for heating the premises.

Selection of autonomous heating elements

The functionality and efficiency of the system largely depends on the selected elements. If the connection is carried out in accordance with the developed standards, then the owners of the apartments carry out the wiring on their own.

The best option for individual heat supply are polypropylene pipes. The fragments are connected by soldering. The material has proven itself well during its use in our latitudes. And of the radiators, aluminum models are more suitable, since the system provides for stable pressure. If there is a possibility of water hammer, then bimetallic batteries should be installed.