Physical education program matveyev. Theory and methodology of physical culture. L.P. Matveev Description of the value orientations of the subject, course

M .: 1991 .-- 543 p.

General methods and means of physical qualities development, teaching new motor actions, peculiarities of planning and control of physical education and sports training, aspects of professionally applied physical training are stated. The textbook is written in accordance with the current official program of the general discipline of the curriculum for higher educational institutions of physical education - the theory of physical culture and sports. The textbook contains material on two main sections of this discipline: the first introduces into integrative theory physical culture, and the second reveals the general conceptual and scientific-applied foundations of physical education as the main process of the pedagogically directed functioning of physical culture in society. The textbook is designed for the bachelor's level of education, but can also be used to deepen knowledge in accordance with the requirements of the next level of higher education.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Foreword 3
Part one
GENERAL FOUNDATIONS OF THEORY AND METHODS OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Section I. General characteristics of physical education: orientation, means, methods, principles
Chapter I. Purposefulness of physical education 7
1. Pedagogical nature and specific orientation of the process of physical education
2. The essence of the tasks solved in physical education, and the forms of their specific formulation 11
2.1. The purpose and main tasks in physical education
2.1.1. Social origins of the goal pursued in physical education -
2.1.2. Main objectives: 14
2.2. Aspects and forms of concretization of tasks solved in the process of physical education 21
Chapter II. Means and methods in physical education 28
1. Specific means and methods -
1.1. Physical exercise as a means of physical education. -
1.1.1. Original definition; content and form of physical exercise
1.1.2. Exercise technique 33
1.1.2.1. The general concept of the technique of motor actions. -
1.1.2.2. Some characteristics and rules "and technical performance of physical exercises 35
1.1.3. Exercise 44 Effects
1.1.4. Physical exercise classification 48
1.2. Load and rest as interrelated components of the exercise process. 50
1.2.1. Exercise stress
1.2.2. The role and types of rest intervals during exercise. 58
1.3. Specific methods of physical education 63
1.3.1. Methods of highly regulated exercise
1.3.2. Play and Competition Methods 73
2. General pedagogical and other means and methods in physical education 77
2.1. Methods of verbal (speech) exposure 78
2.2. Methods of ideomotor and psycho-regulatory exercise ... 79
2.3. Means and methods of ensuring the visibility of the PL
2.4. Hardware and methodological support 81
2.5. The role of natural and hygienic factors in physical education 83
Chapter III. Principles Governing Physical Education 85
1. Value general principles in orientation of physical education practice 85
2. Basic requirements for the implementation of general methodological principles in physical education 86
3. Principles expressing specific patterns of building physical education 96
3.1. The continuity of the process of physical education and the systematic alternation of loads and rest in it
3.2. Gradual build-up of developmental and training influences and adaptive balancing of their dynamics 101
3.3. Cycling the system of lessons 105
3.4. Age adequacy of directions of physical education Y9
Section II. The main aspects of the content and methods of physical education
Chapter IV. Fundamentals of teaching motor actions 114
1. The focus and structure of the learning process in physical education -
1.1. Motor skills and abilities as a result of training; patterns of their formation -
1.2. Goals in teaching motor actions ... 123
1.3. Prerequisites and general procedure for building the learning process. 126
2. Features of the stages of training: 130
2.1. The first stage (initial learning of the action) -
2.1.1. Tasks to be solved -
2.1.2. Typical means and methods -
2.1.3. Defining features of the methodology 132
2.2. The second stage (advanced learning of the action) "139
2.2.1. Tasks to be solved -
2.2.2. Typical remedies and methods 140
2.2.3. Defining Features of the Method 142
2.3. The third stage (resulting exercise of the action): 146
2.3.1. Tasks to be solved -
2.3.2. Typical Means and Methods 147
2.3.3. Defining features of the method, 148
2.4. The problem of rebuilding motor skills 156
Chapter V. Education of motor-coordinating abilities 158
1. Object and tasks -
1.1. The complex nature of the abilities that determine the quality of coordination of movements -
1.2. Tasks solved in the process of upbringing motor-coordinating and some related abilities 163
2. Means and distinctive features methods 165
2.1. Means and bases of the methodology of motional-coordinating abilities upbringing -
2.2. Some sections of the methodology of fostering coordination and related abilities 170
2.2.1. Ways to cultivate the ability to maintain balance. ... -
2.2.2. Ways to educate the ability to rational muscle relaxation 173
2.2.3. Ways of developing the ability to accurately observe and regulate the spatial parameters of movements 177
Chapter VI. Education of strength and speed abilities 181
1. Education of strength abilities -
1.1. Strength abilities and tasks but their education. -
1.1.1. About the indicators and essence of power abilities -
1.1.2. Tasks Solved in the Process of Training Power Abilities 185
1.2. Means and defining features of the method 190
1.2.1. Means and foundations of the methodology for the upbringing of self-strength abilities -
1.2.1.1. Means 190
1.2.1.2. Basics of Method 196
1.2.2. Features of means and methods of upbringing speed-strength abilities 206
1.3. TO general characteristics process 211
2. Education of speed abilities 213
2.1. Speed ​​abilities and tasks for their education -
2.2. Means and defining features of the technique. 219
2.2.1. Features of means and methods of upbringing speed as the ability for emergency motor reactions. ... -
2.2.2. Features of the means and methods of upbringing speed, which determines the speed characteristics of movements. ... 223
2.3. To the general characteristic of the process 229
Chapter VII. Building Stamina 230
1. Endurance and tasks for its education -
1.1. Essence, indicators and types of endurance -
1.2. Tasks solved in the process of fostering endurance ... 236
2. Means and distinctive features of the method 242
2.1. Means and methods of upbringing general endurance -
2.1.1. Funds -
2.1.2. Methods 246
2.2. Features of the means and methods of training specific endurance 252
2.2.1. Features of funds -
2.2.2. Features of the method 253
2.3. Combination of various aspects of endurance education; lesson system 260
Chapter VIII. Directed influence in the process of physical education on posture, flexibility and some properties (components) of the physique. 262
1. Education of posture -
1.1. Object and tasks -
1.2. Means and features of the method 268
2. Targeted action on the flexibility of the body 273
2.1. Object and tasks -
2.2. Means and features of the method 279
3. Some aspects of the regulation of muscle and "passive" body mass 283
3.1. Objectives and criteria. ". -
3.2. Preferred Means and Methods 287
3.2.1. Features of growth-stimulating exercises muscle mass; typical features of the technique. ... "-
3.2.2. Preferred types and modes of exercise for overweight 293
Chapter IX. The connection between different types of education in the process of physical education 298
1. Decisive factors in the directional formation of personality -
1.1. The general orientation and complexity of educational influences -
1.2. The leading role of the educator and the activity of the educated ... 300
1.3. The educational role of the physical culture team 302
2. General lines of education and their concretization in the process of physical education 303
2.1. Moral, ideological, political and labor education ... -
2.2. Intellectual and aesthetic education 311
2.3. Education of will and self-education in physical education. ... 315
Section III. Forms of building classes, planning and control in physical education
Chapter X. Forms of Constructing Lessons 322
1. Variety and general features of the forms of building classes -
2. Lesson forms of classes 327
2.1. The paramount importance of lesson forms in the pedagogically oriented organization of classes 327
2.2. Logic and methodology for constructing a lesson 329
2.3. Lesson 343 Analysis
3. Features of individual (non-class) forms of training in physical culture practice. ... 347
3.1. Small forms 348
3.2. Large forms of amateur training and physical culture-recreational activities 353
3.3. Competitive forms of organization of classes in physical education 356
Chapter XI. Planning and control in physical education 359
1. Planning and control as tools for the optimal construction of the process of physical education -
2. Planning 361
2.1. Prerequisites for planning
2.2. Scale and Subject Aspects of Planning 363
2.3. Features of the forms and methods of long-term, staged and short-term planning 370
2.3.1. Forms and methods of long-term planning
2.3.2. Phase planning 379
2.3.3. Short-term (operational-current) planning 390
3. Control 396
3.1. General features of control in the process of physical education ... -
3.2. Features of operational-current, cycle and stage control 411
Part two
THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF SPORT AND PROFESSIONAL APPLIED PHYSICAL CULTURE
Section I. Sports, sports training
Chapter XII. Sport in the system of social phenomena 425
1. Specification of concepts related to sport
2. Variety of sports 427
3. Factors and trends in the development of sports achievements 429
V4. Social functions of sports and the main directions of sports movement 433
to 4.1. The essence of sports functions, their ambiguity and dependence on the conditions of functioning -
4.2. The unity and characteristics of various directions (sections) of the sports movement 439
Chapter XIII. Sports training 442
1. The specific orientation of sports training and its place in the system of physical education -
2. Means, methods and main sections of the content of sports training 446
2.1. Means and methods
2.2. The main sections of the training of an athlete in the process of training 450
3. The specificity of the patterns of sports training 455
4. Construction of sports training (structure of the training process) 464
4.1. The structure of small training cycles (microcycles) ... 465
4.2. Structure of average training cycles (mesocycles) 469
4.3. Structure of multi-month training cycles 474
4.3.1. Basics of periodization of sports training
4.3.2. Features of training at different periods of the macrocycle 477
4.4. Sports training as a multi-year process 487
Section II. Professionally applied forms of physical culture
Chapter XIV. Applied vocational physical training (APFP); 492
1. The need for professionally applied physical training; tasks solved in it 493
2. Means and methodological foundations constructing PPFP 501
2.1. Features of the composition of PPFP funds -
2.2. The main features of the methodology and form of building classes in PPFP 504
Chapter XV. Physical culture in the system of rational organization of labor 509
1. Social significance and tasks of directed use of physical culture in the system of scientific organization of labor (NOT) -
2. The place and features of various forms of physical culture in the NOT 512 system
2.1. Physical culture in the framework of the labor process 514
2.2. Physical culture in production outside the labor process 520
2.3. Connections of industrial and related forms of physical culture. ... 522
Application. ... ... 524
Index 532

Sections: School sports and children's health

Explanatory note.

This program compiled in accordance with the Mandatory Minimum of the content of the education of schoolchildren in the field of physical culture and Minimum Requirements to the level of preparation of primary school students in physical culture, and on the basis of the "Program of general educational institutions... Physical education. Primary classes "Author А.П. Matveev 2008 and is intended for a municipal educational institution for students of grade 1 and is designed for one academic year 3 hours a week.

In accordance with the federal component of the State standard of general (standard 2) education in physical culture, the subject of study in primary school is a motor activity with a general developmental orientation.

In the process of mastering this activity, primary schoolchildren not only improve their physical qualities, but also actively develop consciousness and thinking, creativity and independence. Taking into account these features, the purpose of this program in physical culture is to form the foundations of a healthy lifestyle among students of the 1st grade, the development of creative independence through the development of motor activity.

This physical education program for primary school students is focused on to solve the following educational tasks:

• strengthening the health of schoolchildren through the development of physical qualities and improving functionality life-supporting systems of the body;
• improving vital skills and abilities through teaching outdoor games, physical exercises and technical actions from basic sports;
• the formation of general ideas about physical culture, its importance in human life, the role in health promotion, physical development and physical fitness;
• development of interest in independent physical exercises, outdoor games, forms of active recreation and leisure;
• teaching the simplest ways to control physical activity, individual indicators physical development and physical fitness.

Structure and content academic subject are set in this program in the construction of motor activity with the allocation of the corresponding educational sections: "Knowledge of physical culture", "Methods of motor activity" and "Physical improvement".

The section "Ways of motor activity" contains ideas about the structural organization of objective activity, which is reflected in the appropriate ways of organization, execution and control.

The section "Physical improvement" (physical culture and health-improving activity and sports-health-improving activity) is focused on the harmonious physical development of schoolchildren, their all-round physical fitness and health promotion. This section includes vital skills and abilities, outdoor games and motor actions from sports, as well as general developmental exercises with various functional orientations.

Keeping a certain tradition in the presentation of the practical material of school programs, this program correlates the educational content with the content of basic sports, which are represented by the corresponding thematic sections: "Gymnastics with the basics of acrobatics", "Athletics", "Outdoor and sports games", "Cross-country skiing" and Swimming. Moreover, each thematic section of the program additionally includes outdoor games, which in their content and focus are consistent with the corresponding sport.

The content of this program also includes a relatively independent section "General developmental exercises". In this section, the proposed exercises are divided into sections of basic sports and are additionally grouped within sections according to the signs of a functional impact on the development of basic physical qualities. This presentation of the material allows the teacher to select physical exercises and combine them into various complexes, plan the dynamics of loads and ensure continuity in the development of basic physical qualities, based on the gender and age characteristics of students, the degree of their mastery of these exercises, conditions different forms classes, the availability of sports equipment and equipment.

V I class according to the curriculum of the student, they mainly master various ways of running, walking and jumping, climbing and crawling: they learn complexes of morning exercises and physical exercises, complexes for the formation and strengthening of posture, the development of flexibility, coordination of movements, speed, endurance. An important feature of the content of training is the development of outdoor games by first graders and the skills of their independent organization and conduct. Mastering the educational material of the practical sections of the program is combined with mastering the basics of knowledge and methods of motor activity.

The theoretical material is closely related to the practical material that schoolchildren master over time from grade I to grade IV. The program offers to study topics related to the history of physical culture and sports, personal hygiene, the organization of independent exercise.

When planning educational material for students of grade 1 of this program, changes were made:

1. in the absence of a sports ground, replace the theme "Cross-country skiing" with an in-depth development of the content of the themes "Gymnastics" and "Outdoor games".
2. In the absence of a real opportunity for schoolchildren to master the content of the "Swimming" section, replace its content with athletics and general developmental exercises.

Conducting lessons according to this program will significantly increase the educational and health-improving effect.

The topic and content of the lesson during the educational process can vary at the discretion of the teacher, focusing on the level of physical fitness of the class; to the material and technical base of the school; on the climatic conditions and the location of the lesson. A physical education teacher has the right to introduce additional topics into the educational process, reduce or simplify the educational material offered in the programs, while the teacher must avoid educational overloads of students, without violating the logic of the distribution of program content, and not go beyond the requirements of the State Standard.

The use of the entire period of study of the program is justified, since it allows the teacher of physical education throughout the entire period of study to carry out an objective assessment of the progress of students, taking into account the individual age and characteristics of the sexual development of each student.

The teacher has the right to independently develop individual age scales of requirements (control tasks) and, in accordance with them, assess student performance).

Program.

Requirements for the quality of mastering program material

As a result of mastering the Compulsory minimum content of the subject "Physical culture", grade I students must:

have an idea:

• about the emergence of the first competitions, the emergence of physical culture among ancient people;
• about physical qualities and general rules determining the level of their development;
• on the rules for hardening procedures;
• about posture and the rules for using complexes of physical exercises for the formation of correct posture;

be able to:

• determine the level of development of physical qualities (strength, speed, flexibility);
• monitor physical development and physical fitness;
• perform hardening water procedures (rubdown);
• perform sets of exercises to form correct posture;
• perform sets of exercises to develop the accuracy of throwing a small ball;
• perform sets of exercises to develop balance;

demonstrate a level of physical fitness

This material is used for the development of basic physical qualities and is planned by the teacher depending on the tasks of the lessons and the logic of passing the educational section "Physical improvement". This program is provided by the following educational publications: Matveev A. P. Physical culture: Textbook. for 1 cl. - M., 2002; Matveev A.P. Methods of teaching physical culture in grade 1. - M., 2002; Matveev A.P. Physical culture: Textbook. for 2 cl. - M., 2002; Matveev A. P. et al. Physical culture: Textbook. for 3 cl. - M., 2000; Matveev A. P. et al. Physical culture: Textbook. for 4 cl. - M., 2001. Games and game tasks, the names of which are in italics, are included in the educational process at the discretion of the teacher, depending on the conditions, the logic of planning the main material and the preparedness of the students.

Bibliography.

Physical education programs:

1. Federal State Educational Standard (II generation) of primary general education.
2. Approximate basic educational program of an educational institution. Primary school / [comp. ES Savinov] .- 2nd ed., Revised. - M.: Education, 2010 .-- 204 p. - (Standards of the second generation). - ISBN 978-5-09-022564-9. Publishing house "Education", 2010.
3. Programs of educational institutions PHYSICAL CULTURE. Primary grades 1-4 grades. Moscow. "Education" 2007 The program was prepared by A.P. Matveev in accordance with the State Standard of Primary General Education in Physical Culture.

Physical education textbooks:

1. A.P. Matveev Physical culture. Textbook for the 1st grade of educational institutions - M., 2009

Training disks:

1. "Organization of sports work at school" - (CD) - Uchitel publishing house, 2010.
2. Physical culture 1-11 grades - (CD) - Uchitel publishing house, 2010.
3. "History of Sports" - CD.
4. Lessons-projects on the themes of the school curriculum, developed by teachers of physical education Lyceum No. 62.
   • safety precautions in FC lessons;
   • Thieves of Health.
   • Basketball
   • Volleyball
   • Health-preserving technology at the lessons of FC;
   • History of the Olympic Games, etc.

Material and technical equipment of the educational process in the subject "Physical culture" for first grade students.

1. Gymnastic wall - G
2. Balance beam (bench) gymnastic - G
3. Gymnastic goat - G
4. Gymnastic horse - G
5. Crossbar (non-standard) - G
6. Climbing rope with fastening mechanism - G
7. Gymnastic bench - G
8. Gymnastic throw-down bridge - G
9. Gymnastic mat - G
10. Gymnastic mats - G
11. Small ball (tennis) - G
12. Gymnastic ball - G
13. Gymnastic rope - G
14. Gymnastic stick - G
15. Ball transfer net - D
16. Set of basketball backboards with rings and a net - D
17. Basketball balls - G
18. Volleyball balls - G
19. Volleyball net - D
20. Volleyball stands - D
21. Football balls - G
22. First aid kit, medical - D
23. Gym- game
24. Stopwatch - D
25. Measuring tape - D

D - demo copy; D - a set necessary for practical work in groups.

MUNICIPAL BUDGETARY EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION

MUNICIPAL EDUCATION KRASNODAR CITY

SECONDARY EDUCATIONAL SCHOOL № 47

APPROVED BY

by the decision of the pedagogical council

Chairman _______ T.V. Legostaeva

WORKING PROGRAMM

By physical culture

Education level (grade) primary general education (grades 1-4)

Number of hours 405

Teacher Ryabukhina Svetlana Vasilievna

The program was developed on the basis of: author's program: Physical culture. Work programs. The subject line of textbooks by A.P. Matveeva. 1-4 grades. A guide for teachers of educational organizations, 3rd edition, Moscow, "Education", 2014. Approved by the pedagogical council, protocol No. 1 of August 31, 2015.

1.EXPLANATORY NOTE

This working program was developed on the basis of the author's program for educational institutions A.P. Matveeva "Physical culture: program 1 - 4 grades". - M .: Education, 2014, in accordance with the requirements of the Federal State Standard for Primary General Education, Federal Law "On Education" dated December 29, 2012 No. 273-FZ, a model program for primary general education; basic educational program elementary general education MBOU SOSH №47.

V Federal law"On physical culture and sports" dated December 4, 2007. No. 329-F3 noted that the organization of physical education and education in educational institutions includes the conduct of compulsory physical education classes within the main educational programs in the amount established by state educational standards, as well as additional (optional) physical exercises and sports within additional educational programs.

Physical culture - compulsory training course in educational institutions. The subject "Physical culture" is the basis of the physical education of schoolchildren. In combination with other forms of education - physical culture and recreational activities in the school day and in the afternoon (gymnastics before classes, physical culture minutes, physical exercises and games during extended breaks and in extended day groups), extracurricular work on physical culture (general physical training groups , sports sections), physical culture and sports events (days of health and sports, outdoor games and competitions, sports events, sports days, tourist gatherings and hikes) - the formation of a person's physical culture is achieved. It includes motivation and the need for systematic physical culture and sports, mastering the main types of physical culture and sports activities, versatile physical fitness.

In the Federal Law "On Physical Culture and Sports" dated December 4, 2007 No. No. 329-F3, it is noted that the organization of physical education and education in educational institutions includes the conduct of compulsory physical education classes within the main educational programs in the amount established by state educational standards, as well as additional (optional) physical exercises and sports within additional educational programs.

This program was created taking into account the fact that the system of physical education, combining lesson, extracurricular forms of physical exercise and sports, should create the most favorable conditions for the disclosure and development of not only the physical, but also the spiritual abilities of the child, his self-determination.

The goal of school physical education is the formation of a versatile physically developed personality, capable of actively using the values ​​of physical culture to strengthen and maintain its own health for a long time, to optimize labor activity and to organize active rest.

The implementation of the goal of the curriculum correlates with the solution of the following educational tasks:

strengthening health, improving posture, preventing flat feet, promoting harmonious physical, moral and social development, successful learning;

the formation of the initial skills of self-regulation by means of physical culture;

mastering the school of movements;

development of coordination (accuracy of reproduction and differentiation of spatial, temporal and power parameters of movements, balance, rhythm, speed and accuracy of response to signals, coordination of movements, orientation in space) and conditioning (speed, speed-power, endurance and flexibility) abilities;

the formation of elementary knowledge about personal hygiene, the daily routine, the influence of physical exercises on the state of health, performance and the development of physical (coordination and conditioning) abilities;

developing ideas about the main sports, equipment and equipment, about observing safety rules during classes;

formation of an attitude towards maintaining and strengthening health, skills for a healthy and safe lifestyle;

familiarizing with independent physical exercises, outdoor games, using them in free time on the basis of the formation of interests in certain types of physical activity and revealing a predisposition to certain sports;

fostering discipline, a benevolent attitude towards comrades, honesty, responsiveness, courage during physical exercises, promoting the development of mental processes (representation, memory, thinking, etc.) in the course of motor activity.

Taking into account the above tasks of education of primary school students in the field of physical culture, the main principles, ideas and approaches in the formation of this program were the following: democratization and humanization of the pedagogical process, cooperation pedagogy, activity approach, intensification and optimization, expansion of intersubject connections.

The principle of democratization in the pedagogical process is expressed in providing each and every student with equal access to the basics of physical culture, maximizing children's abilities, building teaching based on the use of wide and flexible methods and teaching aids for the development of children with different levels of their motor and mental abilities, changing the essence of pedagogical relations, the transition from subordination to cooperation.

The principle of humanization of the pedagogical process is to take into account the individual abilities of the personality of each child and teacher. It is built according to personal experience and the level of achievement of schoolchildren, their interests and inclinations. Teachers are obliged to provide children with different levels of complexity and subjective difficulty of assimilation of the material of the program.

The implementation of the principles of democratization and humanization in the pedagogical process is possible on the basis of cooperation pedagogy - the idea of ​​joint developmental activities of children and adults, in the process of which they are connected by mutual understanding and penetration into the spiritual world of each other, by a joint desire to analyze the course and results of this activity.

The activity approach consists in orienting the student not only to the assimilation of ready-made knowledge and skills, but also to mastering the methods of physical culture, health-improving and sports activities, to the development of the cognitive forces and creative potential of the child. This is a departure from verbal methods and forms of transferring ready-made information, passivity of students in the classroom to the active assimilation of knowledge, abilities and skills, implemented in various types of physical culture, health-improving and sports activities.

Intensification and optimization consists in increasing the focus of training and enhancing the motivation of physical culture and sports, the use of active and creative methods and forms of training (problematic, research, coupled development of conditioning and coordination abilities, accentuated and comprehensive development of coordination abilities, methodology of program-algorithmic type, group and individual forms of training, circular training, etc.); in the development of skills of educational work; widespread use of computers and other new technical means.

The task of forming a holistic worldview of students, comprehensive disclosure of the relationship and interdependence of the studied phenomena and processes in the field of physical culture, the teacher implements on the basis of expanding intersubject connections from the field of different subjects: literature, history, mathematics, anatomy, physiology, psychology, etc.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE COURSE

The subject of teaching physical culture in primary school is the physical activity of a person with a general developmental orientation. In the process of mastering this activity, health is strengthened, physical qualities are improved, certain motor actions are mastered, thinking, creativity and independence are actively developing.

The most important requirement for a modern physical culture lesson is to provide a differentiated and individual approach to students, taking into account the state of health, gender, physical development, physical fitness, developmental features of mental properties and qualities, compliance with hygienic standards.

3. PLACE OF THE COURSE IN THE CURRICULUM

The course "Physical culture" is studied from 1 to 4 grade at the rate of 3 hours per week (total 405 hours): in grade 1 - 99 hours, in grade 2 - 102 hours, in grade 3 - 102 hours, in grade 4 - 102 hours. The third hour for teaching the subject "Physical culture" was introduced by the order of the Ministry of Education and Science of August 30, 2010. No. 889. The order stated: "Use the third hour of the subject" Physical culture "to increase physical activity and the development of physical qualities of students, the introduction of modern systems of physical education." The work program is designed for 405 hours for four years of study (3 hours a week).

4. DESCRIPTION OF CONTENT VALUES

EDUCATIONAL SUBJECT

The value of life - confession human life the greatest value that is realized in a respectful relation to other people and nature.

The value of nature is based on the universal human value of life, on the awareness of oneself as a part of natural world- a part of animate and inanimate nature. Love for nature is a careful attitude towards it as a human habitat and survival, as well as experiencing a sense of beauty, harmony, its perfection, preserving and increasing its wealth.

Human value as a rational being striving for goodness and self-improvement, the importance and necessity of maintaining a healthy lifestyle in the unity of its components: physical, mental and socio-moral health.

The value of good- the focus of a person on the development and preservation of life, through compassion and mercy as a manifestation of the highest human ability - love.

The value of truth Is value scientific knowledge as part of the culture of mankind, reason, understanding of the essence of being, world-building.

Family value as the first and most significant social and educational environment for the development of a child, ensuring the continuity of the cultural traditions of the peoples of Russia from generation to generation and thereby the viability of Russian society.

The value of labor and creativity as a natural condition of human life, a state of normal human existence.

The value of freedom as the freedom of a person to choose his thoughts and actions, but freedom, naturally limited by the norms, rules, laws of society, of which a person is always a member of his entire social essence.

Social value solidarity as recognition of human rights and freedoms, Possession of feelings of justice, mercy, honor, dignity in relation to oneself and to other people.

The value of citizenship- a person's awareness of himself as a member of society, people, a representative of the country and the state.

The value of patriotism- one of the manifestations of a person's spiritual maturity, expressed in love for Russia, the people, a small homeland, in a conscious desire to serve the Fatherland.

The value of humanity- a person's awareness of himself as a part of the world society, for the existence and progress of which peace, cooperation of peoples and respect for the diversity of their cultures are necessary.

Personal, metasubject and subject results of mastering the course

In accordance with the requirements for the results of mastering the basic educational program of primary general education of the Federal State Educational Standard, this work program for grades 1-4 is aimed at achieving students' personal, metasubject and subject results in physical culture.

Personal results

the formation of a sense of pride in their homeland, the Russian people and the history of Russia, awareness of their ethnic and national identity;

the formation of a respectful attitude towards the culture of other peoples;

the development of motives for educational activities and the personal meaning of teaching, acceptance and development of the social role of the teacher;

development of ethical feelings, benevolence and emotional and moral responsiveness, understanding and empathy for the feelings of other people;

development of skills of cooperation with peers and adults in different social situations, the ability not to create conflicts and find ways out of controversial situations;

development of independence and personal responsibility for their actions based on ideas about moral norms, social justice and freedom;

the formation of aesthetic needs, values ​​and feelings;

formation of an attitude towards a safe, healthy lifestyle.

Metasubject results

mastering the ability to accept and maintain the goals and objectives of educational activities, search for means of its implementation;

the formation of the ability to plan, control and evaluate educational activities in accordance with the task and the conditions for its implementation; determine the most effective ways to achieve the result;

determination of a common goal and ways to achieve it; the ability to agree on the distribution of functions and roles in joint activities; exercise mutual control in joint activities, adequately assess their own behavior and the behavior of others;

willingness to constructively resolve conflicts by taking into account the interests of the parties and cooperation;

mastering the initial information about the essence and characteristics of objects, processes and phenomena of reality in accordance with the content of a specific academic subject;

mastering basic subject and interdisciplinary concepts, reflecting essential connections and relationships between objects and processes.

Subject results

Formation of initial ideas about the importance of physical culture for strengthening human health (physical, social and mental), about its positive impact on human development (physical, intellectual, emotional, social), about physical culture and health as factors of successful study and socialization;

mastering the skills to organize health-preserving life activities (daily routine, morning exercises, recreational activities, outdoor games, etc.);

formation of the skill of systematic observation of one's physical condition, the amount of physical activity, health monitoring data (height, body weight, etc.), indicators of the development of basic physical qualities (strength, speed, endurance, coordination, flexibility).

Knowledge about physical culture

Physical education. Physical culture as a system of various forms of physical exercise to improve human health. Walking, running, jumping, climbing, crawling, skiing, swimming as vital modes of human movement.

Rules for the prevention of injuries during physical exercise: the organization of training places, the selection of clothing, shoes and equipment.

From the history of physical culture. The history of the development of physical culture and the first competitions. Connection of physical culture with labor and military activity.

Physical exercises. Physical exercises, their influence on physical development and development of physical qualities. Physical fitness and its relationship with the development of basic physical qualities. Characteristics of the main physical qualities: strength, speed, endurance, flexibility and balance.

Physical activity and its effect on increasing heart rate.

Self-study. Drawing up a daily routine. Performing the simplest hardening procedures, sets of exercises for the formation of correct posture and the development of the muscles of the trunk, the development of basic physical qualities; conducting health-improving exercises in the daily routine (morning exercises, physical exercises).

Independent observation of physical development and physical fitness. Measurement of body length and weight, indicators of posture and physical qualities. Measuring heart rate while exercising.

Independent games and entertainment. Organization and conduct of outdoor games (on sports grounds and gyms).

Physical improvement

Physical culture and recreation activities

Complexes of physical exercises for morning exercises, physical exercises, classes for the prevention and correction of posture disorders.

Complexes of exercises for the development of physical qualities.

Complexes breathing exercises... Exercise for the eyes.

Sports and recreational activities

Gymnastics with the basics of acrobatics. Organizing teams and receptions. Combat operations in line and column; execution of marching commands.

Acrobatic exercises . Stops; gray-haired; group exercises; rolls; stand on the shoulder blades; somersaults forward and backward; gymnastic bridge.

Acrobatic combinations. For example: 1) bridge from the supine position, lower to the starting position, overturn to the prone position, jump with support on hands, squatting point-blank; 2) a somersault forward at close range, squatting, a roll back at close range, squatting from support, a roll back all the way on the knees with support on hands, jumping to point at close range, squatting forward.

Exercises on a low gymnastic bar: hanging, swinging.

Gymnastic combination. For example, from the hang while standing, squatting with a push with two legs, a jump, bending the legs, bending to the back, lowering back to the hanging while standing and reverse movement through the hang from behind, bending with the legs going forward.

Vault: from a running start through a gymnastic goat.

Applied gymnastic exercises. Jumping rope. Moving on the gymnastic wall. Overcoming an obstacle course with elements of climbing and climbing, crawling, moving on an inclined gymnastic bench.

Track and Field Exercises... Running exercises: with a high rise of the hip, jumping and with acceleration, with a changing direction of movement, from different starting positions; shuttle run; high start followed by acceleration.

Jumping exercises: on one leg and two legs in place and with advance; in length and height; jumping off and jumping;

Throwing: a large ball (1 kg) at a distance in different ways.

Throwing: a small ball at a vertical target and at a distance.

Cross training. Long running at a steady pace, cross country running, obstacle course.

Outdoor games. On the material of gymnastics with the basics of acrobatics: game tasks using drill exercises, exercises for attention, strength, dexterity and coordination.

Based on athletics material: jumping, running, throwing and throwing; exercises for coordination, endurance and speed.

On the material of ski training: relay races in skiing, endurance and coordination exercises.

Based on sports games.

Football: hitting a stationary and rolling ball; stopping the ball; dribbling; outdoor games based on football.

Basketball: special movements without the ball; dribbling; throwing the ball into the basket; outdoor games based on basketball.

Volleyball: tossing the ball; ball serving; reception and transfer of the ball; outdoor games based on volleyball.

6. THEMATIC PLANNING

The total number of hours spent studying the sections of the program is distributed as follows:

7. EDUCATIONAL AND METHODOLOGICAL AND MATERIAL AND TECHNICAL

PROVIDING EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES

8. PLANNED LEARNING OUTCOMES OF THE TRAINING COURSE

Upon graduation from primary school, students should be able to:

Plan physical exercises in the daily routine, use the means of physical education in conducting your rest and leisure;

To explain the facts of the history of the development of physical culture, to characterize its role and significance in human life;

Use physical activity as a means of improving health, physical development and physical fitness of a person;

Measure (cognize) individual indicators of physical development (length of body weight) and the development of basic physical qualities;

Provide all possible help and moral support to peers when completing educational tasks, show a benevolent attitude when explaining mistakes and ways to eliminate them;

Organize and conduct outdoor games and elementary competitions with peers. Carry out their objective refereeing;

Observe the safety requirements for the places where physical culture classes are held;

Organize and conduct physical culture classes with a different target orientation, select physical exercises for them and perform them with a given load dosage;

Characterize physical activity in terms of heart rate;

Perform the simplest acrobatic and gymnastic combinations at a high quality level;

Perform technical actions from basic sports. Apply them in game and competitive activities;

Perform vital motor skills and abilities in different ways, in different conditions.

AGREED AGREED

Minutes of the meeting Deputy Director for O&M

methodological association ____________ I.V. Salnikova

S.V. Ryabukhina

PHYSICAL EDUCATION

WORKING PROGRAMS

Subject line

textbooks

A.P. Matveeva

1 - 4 classes

Teacher's guide

general education

institutions

"Education"

EXPLANATORY NOTE

General characteristics of the course

The program in the subject "Physical culture" for primary school students was developed in accordance with the provisions of the Law "On Education" in terms of spiritual and moral development and upbringing of students, the requirements of the second generation standard, an approximate program of primary general education and the main provisions of the Concept of the content of education of schoolchildren in the field physical culture (A.P. Matveev, 2001). When creating the program, the needs of modern Russian society in a physically strong and capable younger generation, capable of actively participating in various forms of a healthy lifestyle, using the values ​​of physical culture for self-education, self-development and self-realization, were taken into account. The program reflects the objectively formed realities of modern socio-cultural development of society, the conditions for the activities of educational institutions, the requirements of teachers and methodologists about the need to update the content of education, the introduction of new methods and technologies in the educational process.

The purpose the curriculum for physical culture is the formation of the foundations of a healthy lifestyle among primary school students, the development of interest and creative independence in conducting various forms of physical culture classes. The realization of this goal is ensured by the content of the subject of the discipline "Physical culture", which is a person's physical culture (motor) activity, focused on strengthening and maintaining health, developing physical qualities and abilities, acquiring certain knowledge, motor skills and abilities.

The implementation of the goal of the curriculum correlates with the decision of the following educational tasks:

- strengthening the health of schoolchildren through the development of physical qualities and increasing the functional capabilities of the life-supporting systems of the body;

- improving vital skills and abilities through teaching outdoor games, physical exercises and technical actions from basic sports;

- the formation of general ideas about physical culture, its importance in human life, the role in health promotion, physical development and physical fitness;

- development of interest in independent physical exercises, outdoor games, forms of active recreation and leisure;

- teaching the simplest ways to control physical activity, individual indicators of physical development and physical fitness.

The basic result of education in the field of physical culture in primary school is the mastering by students of the basics of physical culture activity with a general developmental orientation. Mastering the subject of this activity contributes not only to the active development of the physical nature of those involved, but also to the formation of their mental and social qualities of the personality, which largely determine the formation and subsequent formation of universal abilities (competencies) of a person. The universality of competencies is determined, first of all, by their wide demand for each person, an objective necessity for performing various types of activities that go beyond the framework of physical culture.

The number of universal competencies that are formed in elementary school in the process of mastering the subject of physical culture activity with a general developmental focus by students include:

- the ability to organize their own activities, choose and use the means to achieve its goals;

- the ability to actively engage in collective activities, interact with peers in achieving common goals;

- the ability to convey information in an accessible, emotionally vivid form in the process of communication and interaction with peers and adults.

Place of the subject in the curriculum

The work program of basic primary education in physical culture is drawn up in accordance with the number of hours indicated in the Basic plan of educational institutions of general education. The subject "Physical culture" is studied in elementary school in the amount of at least 405 hours, of which in grade I - 99 hours, and from II to IV grades - 102 hours annually.

Value guidelines of the content of the academic subject

The content of the subject "Physical culture" is aimed at educating highly moral, creative, competent and successful citizens of Russia, capable of active self-realization in social and professional activities, skillfully using the values ​​of physical culture to strengthen and maintain their own health for a long time, optimize work activities and organize a healthy lifestyle life.