Extracurricular activities should be planned sanpin. Organization of training sessions. With changes and additions from

Observations of doctors and teachers have shown that the performance and fatigue of students depend on the nature of the school regime, the length of the school day, lessons, the system of scheduling and alternating subjects, the organization of breaks, etc. In this regard, the basic hygienic principles and requirements for the organization of children's education and teenagers in general educational institutions were enshrined in the corresponding section of SanPiN 2.4.2.2821-10 “Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the conditions and organization of training in educational institutions.”
A rational daily routine that corresponds to the age characteristics of children allows you to alternate different types of activities, ensure optimal motor mode, including in the open air, good rest, sufficient sleep duration, which contributes to normal growth and child development

The main criterion for the psycho-hygienic assessment of the educational load is its compliance functionality the body of students at each age stage.
The beginning of a lesson, school week, quarter or year should be easier, since the student’s productivity during this period is reduced. In the middle of the school week, quarter and year, the largest volume of academic workload, elective classes, club work, etc. should be planned.
Classes should begin no earlier than 8 o'clock. Zero lessons are not allowed. Training of 1st, 5th, final 9th ​​and 11th grades, compensatory education classes, in institutions with in-depth study of individual subjects, lyceums and gymnasiums, training is carried out only in the first shift.
Basic hygienic requirements for scheduling lessons:
1) alternation different types activities;
2) distribution of educational subjects in accordance with the daily and weekly dynamics of performance.

Hygienic requirements for drawing up a lesson schedule at school come down to the obligation to take into account the dynamics of changes in the physiological functions and performance of students throughout the school day and week. As one of the possible ways to evaluate lessons, it is recommended to use ranking scales of subject difficulty. Subject difficulty scales are used for hygienic assessment of the school schedule. In this case, the sum of points is calculated by day of the week in individual classes. The school schedule is assessed positively if the greatest increase in the teaching load occurs on Tuesday and (or) Wednesday. On these days, the lesson schedule includes subjects that correspond to the highest score on the difficulty scale or with an average score and the lowest score on the difficulty scale, but in greater quantities than on other days of the week. The school schedule is assessed as “irrational” when the highest score is on Monday or Saturday, as well as when the load is evenly distributed in the weekly cycle.

The maximum permissible weekly load in academic hours for a 6-day week in grades 2-4 should be no more than 26 hours, in grades 5 - 32, in grades 6 - 33, in grades 7 - 35, in grades 8 -9 grades – 36, in grades 10-11 – 37 hours. The maximum permissible weekly load in academic hours with a 5-day week in 1st grades is no more than 21, in 2-4 grades - 23, in 5th grades - 29, in 6th grades - 30, in 7th grades in grades - 32, in grades 8-9 - 33, in grades 10-11 - 34 hours. Schedules for compulsory and elective classes are compiled separately. Optional days should be scheduled on days with the fewest required lessons. It is recommended to take a break of at least 45 minutes between the start of extracurricular activities and the last lesson.

To satisfy the biological need for movement, regardless of the age of students, it is recommended to conduct at least three lessons physical culture per week, provided for in the volume of the maximum permissible weekly load.

The regulation of changes, especially their duration, is of significant importance in the scientific organization of the educational process. Changes of less than 10 minutes at school are not allowed, since the child cannot rest in such a short time. Long breaks after the second and third lessons, i.e. in the middle of the school day, are intended to prevent the rapid increase in the onset of fatigue and to ensure sufficient time for students to eat.
The main lesson duration is 45 minutes. If for middle school students, and especially high school students, this lesson duration is optimal, then for elementary school students it is maximum. For 1st grade students, the lesson must end in 35 minutes. In order to prevent fatigue, disorders of posture and vision of students, physical education and eye gymnastics are conducted in lessons.
It is not recommended to conduct double lessons. The exceptions are labor lessons and physical education classes in the winter. In primary grades, double lessons are prohibited.

The technical teaching aids used in the educational process - TSO (television, video, film and filmstrips, sound recordings) remove the monotony of a regular lesson, add emotionality to classes and help improve the performance and performance of students. However, the use of TSO creates an increased load on the central nervous system, especially on the visual and auditory analyzers, and increases the static load. In this regard, the maximum time for watching films in lessons in grades 1-4 is 15-20 minutes, in grades 5-7 - 20-25 minutes, in grades 8-11 - 25-30 minutes.

Homework is an important link independent work in the learning process. This work should be carried out after lunch and sufficient rest and coincide in time with an increase in the intensity of the functional activity of all body systems. For students of the second shift, it is more advisable to prepare their homework after morning breakfast. Increasing the duration of home training sessions may be due not only to the volume of tasks, but also to the lack of stable skills among schoolchildren in the rational organization of their work. It is advisable to always start preparing lessons at the same hours. At the same time, the school stereotype must be preserved: after 35-45 minutes of classes, a short break is needed. When doing home exercises for more than 2 hours, longer rest in the open air is necessary, which helps to increase performance.

An important component of the daily routine is sufficient sleep, at least 9-10 hours a day. For younger schoolchildren it is necessary to organize and nap. With intense mental (during exams) and physical (during sports and competitions) activity, in the autumn-spring period, the child’s need for sleep increases by 1-2 hours. A child with weakened nervous system also needs more sleep.

Modern children experience enormous stress at school. New items, intensive school program, extracurricular activities, olympiads, which are introduced from the 1st grade, all this can negatively affect the child’s health. Failure to comply with the age-specific daily regimen, a discrepancy between the mental load and the individual characteristics of the child, and improper organization of activities lead to weakening of the body and overwork.

Hygienic requirements for the organization of the educational process in educational institutions

On September 1, 2011, new sanitary and epidemiological rules SanPiN 2.4.2.2821-10 “Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the conditions and organization of training in educational institutions” came into force.

These rules are aimed at protecting the health of students and apply to all educational institutions implementing programs of primary general, basic general and secondary (complete) general education. These rules are mandatory for all citizens, legal entities and individual entrepreneurs whose activities are related to the design, construction, reconstruction, operation of educational institutions, education and training of students.

In addition to issues related to the material and technical base of educational institutions, much attention in the sanitary rules is paid to the issues of organizing the regime of the educational process.

In accordance with hygiene requirements, the class size should not exceed 25 people.

Classes should begin no earlier than 8 o'clock; zero lessons are not allowed. In institutions with in-depth study of subjects, lyceums, gymnasiums, training is carried out only in the first shift. In schools operating in two shifts, education for grades 1, 5, 9 and 11, and compensatory education classes should be organized in the first shift. Studying in 3 shifts in general education institutions is not allowed.

The weekly teaching load should be evenly distributed throughout the school day and school week. The lesson schedule is compiled separately for compulsory and elective classes. It is recommended to take a break of at least 45 minutes between the start of extracurricular activities and the last lesson.

The lesson schedule should be drawn up taking into account the daily and weekly mental performance of students and the scale of difficulty of academic subjects. School subjects were differentiated by difficulty depending on the age of the children - 3 difficulty scales were introduced. The biological optimum of mental performance in schoolchildren occurs in the interval from 10-12.00. During these hours, the greatest efficiency of assimilation of material is observed with minimal psychophysiological costs. Therefore, during the working day, the most difficult subjects should be taught in lessons 2, 3, 4 (for high school).

The mental performance of students is not the same different days school week. Its level increases towards the middle of the week and remains low at the beginning and end of the week. Taking this into account, the largest teaching load should occur on Tuesday and/or Wednesday. On these days, the lesson schedule includes subjects that correspond to the highest score on the scale of subject difficulty, or the number of lessons is increased.

Subjects that require a lot of time for home preparation should not be grouped into one day.

The duration of the lesson in all classes should not exceed 45 minutes, with the exception of 1st grade and compensatory class.

Education in the 1st grade is carried out according to a gentle regime:

Training sessions are conducted over a 5-day school week and only during the first shift;

Using a “stepped” teaching mode in the first half of the year (in September, October - 3 lessons per day of 35 minutes each, in November-December - 4 lessons of 35 minutes each; January - May - 4 lessons of 45 minutes each) ;

For those attending an extended day group, it is necessary to organize daytime sleep (at least 1 hour), 3 meals a day and walks in the fresh air;

Training is conducted without scoring students' knowledge and homework;

Additional week-long holidays in the middle of the third quarter in the traditional mode of education.

The weight of a daily set of textbooks and writing materials should not exceed: for students of 1st - 2nd grades - more than 1.5 kg, 3rd - 4th grades - more than 2 kg, - 5th - 6th grades - more than 2.5 kg, 7 - 8 - more than 3.5 kg, 9 - 11 - more than 4.0 kg.

In order to prevent poor posture in students, it is recommended that primary school students have two sets of textbooks: one for use in lessons in a general education institution, the second for preparing homework.

For all schoolchildren, the duration of breaks between lessons is at least 10 minutes, a long break (after 2 or 3 lessons) is 20 - 30 minutes. Instead of one big break, it is allowed to set two breaks of 20 minutes each.

The break between shifts should be at least 30 minutes to wet clean the premises and ventilate them.

In order to prevent fatigue, poor posture and vision of students, physical education and eye exercises should be carried out during lessons.

It is necessary to alternate during the lesson various types of educational activities of students (reading with paper media, writing, listening, questioning, etc.). The distance from the eyes to a notebook or book should be at least 25 - 35 cm for students in grades 1 - 4 and at least 30 - 45 cm for students in grades 5 - 11.

Duration of continuous use in the educational process technical means training is regulated depending on the age of students

To satisfy the biological need for movement, regardless of the age of students, it is recommended to conduct at least 3 physical education lessons per week. It is not allowed to replace physical education lessons with other subjects.

To increase the motor activity of students, it is recommended to include subjects of a motor-active nature (choreography, rhythm, modern and ballroom dancing, training in traditional and national sports games) in the curricula for students.

The physical activity of students, in addition to physical education lessons, in the educational process can be ensured through:

Organized outdoor games during breaks;

Sports hour for children attending an extended day group;

Extracurricular sports activities and competitions, school-wide sports events, health days;

Independent physical education classes in sections and clubs.

Sports activities in physical education classes, competitions, extracurricular sports activities, during a dynamic or sports hour must correspond to the age, health and physical fitness of students, as well as weather conditions (if they are organized outdoors).

The distribution of students into basic, preparatory and special groups for participation in physical education, recreation and sports events is carried out by a doctor, taking into account their health status.

Students assigned to preparatory and special groups due to health reasons are engaged in physical education with reduced physical activity.

In labor classes provided for educational program, you should alternate between tasks of different nature. Students perform all work in workshops and home economics classrooms in special clothing (robe, apron, beret, headscarf). When performing work that poses a risk of eye damage, safety glasses should be worn.

When organizing internships and socially useful work for students, it is not allowed to involve students in work with harmful or dangerous working conditions, during which the use of labor by persons under 18 years of age is prohibited, as well as in cleaning sanitary facilities and places common use, washing windows and lamps, removing snow from roofs and other similar work.

The amount of homework (in all subjects) should be such that the time spent on completing it does not exceed: in grades 2 - 3 - 1.5 hours, in grades 4 - 5 - 2 hours, in grades 6 - 8 - 2.5 h, in grades 9 - 11 - up to 3.5 hours.

When conducting final certification, more than one exam per day is not allowed. The break between examinations must be at least 2 days. If the exam lasts 4 hours or more, it is necessary to organize meals for students.

SanPiN 2.4.2.2821-10 has a requirement for the mode of the educational process (clause 10.4): “Classes should begin no earlier than 8 o’clock. Conducting zero lessons is not allowed". Unfortunately, the regulatory document does not take into account that since 1919-1924 in Russia, not local mean solar time has been used, but the official time of the time zone (time zone). Official time and local solar time initially differ by plus or minus 0.5 hours, but the actual discrepancy is much greater due to the curvature of time zones and manipulation of clock hands. Since the fall of 2014 and as of 2015, this discrepancy in the territories of Russia, excluding the northern regions, ranges from minus 0.6 hours in the east of Tatarstan to plus 1.6 hours in the west of the Kamchatka Territory.

Thus, official time in Russia is generally ahead of local solar time. For example, in Yekaterinburg, where the lead time is 1 hour, children going to classes at 8:00 actually go to 7 am local solar time. With such a large advance from the official time, the first 1-2 hours of classes are not effective due to the fact that children do not get 1 hour of sleep in the optimal interval of the day for sleep.

Also, SanPiN 2.4.2.2821-10 (Appendix 3) indicates the interval of the biorhythmological optimum of mental performance, 10-12 hours, which is obviously associated with natural rhythms, that is, with local solar time. However, in many places, due to an hour and a half advance of the official time, this interval at the beginning of the school day at 8:00 actually falls not in the middle of classes, but at the end of the school day (approximately 11:30-13:30).

Now the school day in Russia begins, as a rule, at 8:00-8:30, occasionally at 9:00. However, given the existing discrepancy between official and local solar time, the optimal start of the school day should be from 8:00 to 9:30 and should be normatively tied to local solar time, that is, in fact, to the average solar noon in a given area according to official time.

So, in order to avoid discrimination against students based on their place of residence (in the east or west of the time zone), it is necessary to change SanPiN 2.4.2.2821-10. The requirement of paragraph 10.4 should be as follows: “Training classes should begin no earlier than 4 hours before the onset of average solar noon in the area.”

As an example, the earliest permissible start of the school day in the administrative centers of the regions is indicated according to the average solar noon calculated by the geographical longitude of the place according to official time (indicated in brackets), as of 2015:

8:00 - Naryan-Mar, Syktyvkar, Kirov, Kazan, Ulyanovsk, Astrakhan, Yoshkar-Ola, Makhachkala, Cheboksary, Saratov, Magadan, Grozny, Saransk, Penza (noon to 12:00).

8:15 - Magas, Vladikavkaz, Volgograd, Elista, Nizhny Novgorod, Nalchik, Anadyr, Cherkessk, Stavropol, Tambov (12:01-12:15).

8:30 - Ivanovo, Gorno-Altaisk, Kostroma, Arkhangelsk, Vladimir, Maykop, Tomsk, Vologda, Yaroslavl, Yakutsk, Rostov-on-Don, Ryazan, Lipetsk, Voronezh, Khanty-Mansiysk, Krasnodar, Barnaul, Chita, Izhevsk, Novosibirsk, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, Moscow, Tula, Blagoveshchensk (12:16-12:30).

8:45 - Salekhard, Belgorod, Kaluga, Kursk, Orel, Tver, Tyumen, Kaliningrad, Kurgan, Samara, Kyzyl, Bryansk, Petrozavodsk, Simferopol (12:31-12:45).

9:00 - Sevastopol, Murmansk, Krasnoyarsk, Ulan-Ude, Smolensk, Chelyabinsk, Abakan, Veliky Novgorod, Yekaterinburg, St. Petersburg, Khabarovsk (12:46-13:00).

9:15 - Irkutsk, Omsk, Pskov, Birobidzhan, Vladivostok, Perm (13:01-13:15).

9:30 - Kemerovo, Ufa, Orenburg, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky (13:16-13:30).

Useful material showing the need to link school (and work) schedules to local solar time -

- The class size should not exceed 25 people.

- Classes should begin no earlier than 8 o'clock. Conducting zero lessons is not allowed.

- Training in 3 shifts in general education organizations is not allowed.

Timetable

The educational weekly load is evenly distributed throughout the school week, with the volume of the maximum permissible load during the day being:

- for 1st grade students - should not exceed 4 lessons and 1 day per week - no more than 5 lessons, at the expense of a physical education lesson;

- for students in grades 2 - 4 - no more than 5 lessons and once a week 6 lessons due to a physical education lesson with a 6-day school week;

- for students in grades 5 - 6 - no more than 6 lessons;

- for students in grades 7 - 11 - no more than 7 lessons.

The lesson schedule is compiled separately for compulsory and elective classes. Optional classes should be scheduled on days with the fewest required classes. It is recommended to take a break of at least 45 minutes between the start of extracurricular activities and the last lesson.

The lesson schedule is drawn up taking into account the daily and weekly mental performance of students and the scale of difficulty of academic subjects

When drawing up a lesson schedule, subjects of varying complexity should be alternated throughout the day and week:

The most difficult subjects should be:

For 1st grades in 2nd lesson;

For grades 2 - 4 - 2 - 3 lessons;

For grades 5 - 11 - in lessons 2 - 4.

In primary grades, double lessons are not conducted.

There should not be more than one test during the school day. Tests are recommended to be carried out in 2 - 4 lessons.

The duration of a lesson (academic hour) in all classes should not exceed 45 minutes.

- To prevent fatigue and maintain optimal level performance during the week, students should have a lighter school day on Thursday or Friday.

- The duration of breaks between lessons is at least 10 minutes, a long break (after 2 or 3 lessons) is 20 - 30 minutes. Instead of one big break, after 2 and 3 lessons it is allowed to have two breaks of 20 minutes each.

It is recommended to organize recess outdoors. For this purpose, when conducting a daily dynamic break, it is recommended to increase the duration of the long break to 45 minutes, of which at least 30 minutes are allocated for organizing motor-active activities of students on the institution’s sports ground, in gym or in recreation.

- The break between shifts should be at least 30 minutes for wet cleaning of the premises and their ventilation; in case of an unfavorable epidemiological situation for disinfection treatment, the break is increased to 60 minutes.

- The use of innovative educational programs and technologies, class schedules, and training modes in the educational process is possible in the absence of their adverse impact on the functional state and health of students.

- In small-scale rural educational institutions, depending on the specific conditions, the number of students, and their age characteristics, it is allowed to form classes-sets of students at the first stage of education. In this case, it is optimal to train students separately of different ages I stage of education.

When combining students of the first stage of education into a set class, it is optimal to create it from two classes: 1 and 3 classes (1 + 3), 2 and 3 classes (2 + 3), 2 and 4 classes (2 + 4). To prevent student fatigue, it is necessary to reduce the duration of combined (especially 4th and 5th) lessons by 5 - 10 minutes. (except for physical education lesson).

- In order to prevent fatigue, poor posture and vision of students, physical education and eye exercises should be carried out during lessons.

- It is necessary to alternate different types of learning activities during the lesson (with the exception of tests). Average continuous duration various types educational activities of students (reading from paper, writing, listening, questioning, etc.) in grades 1 - 4 should not exceed 7 - 10 minutes, in grades 5 - 11 - 10 - 15 minutes. The distance from the eyes to a notebook or book should be at least 25 - 35 cm for students in grades 1 - 4 and at least 30 - 45 cm for students in grades 5 - 11.

Duration of continuous use of technical teaching aids in lessons

Physical Culture

- To satisfy the biological need for movement, regardless of the age of students, it is recommended to conduct at least 3 physical education lessons per week, provided for in the volume of the maximum permissible weekly load. It is not allowed to replace physical education lessons with other subjects.

- The physical activity of students, in addition to physical education lessons, in the educational process can be ensured through:

- physical education minutes in accordance with the recommended set of exercises (Appendix 4);

- organized outdoor games during breaks;

- sports hour for children attending an extended day group;

- extracurricular sports activities and competitions, school-wide sports events, health days;

- independent physical education classes in sections and clubs.

- The distribution of students into basic, preparatory and special groups for participation in physical education, recreation and sports events is carried out by a doctor, taking into account their state of health (or based on certificates of their health). Students of the main physical education group are allowed to participate in all physical education and recreational activities in accordance with their age. For students in preparatory and special groups, physical education and recreational work should be carried out taking into account the doctor’s opinion.

Students assigned to preparatory and special groups due to health reasons are engaged in physical education with reduced physical activity.

- It is advisable to conduct physical education lessons outdoors. The possibility of conducting physical education classes in the open air, as well as outdoor games, is determined by a set of indicators of weather conditions (temperature, relative humidity and air speed) by climatic zone.

- On rainy, windy and frosty days, physical education classes are held in the hall.

- The presence of a medical professional at sports competitions and swimming pool classes is mandatory.

Labor occupations.

- During labor classes provided for in the educational program, tasks of different nature should be alternated. You should not perform one type of activity during the entire period of independent work in a lesson.

Students perform all work in workshops and home economics classrooms in special clothing (robe, apron, beret, headscarf). When performing work that poses a risk of eye damage, safety glasses should be worn.

- It is not allowed to involve students in work with harmful or dangerous working conditions, during which the employment of persons under 18 years of age is prohibited, as well as in cleaning sanitary facilities and common areas, washing windows and lamps, removing snow from roofs and other similar work .

- For carrying out agricultural work (practices) in regions of the II climatic zone, the first half of the day should be allocated, and in the regions of the III climatic zone - the second half of the day (16 - 17 hours) and hours with the least insolation. Agricultural equipment used for work must correspond to the height and age of the students.

- The permissible duration of work for students aged 12 - 13 years is 2 hours; for teenagers 14 years and older - 3 hours. Every 45 minutes of work, it is necessary to arrange regulated 15-minute rest breaks. Work on sites and premises treated with pesticides and agrochemicals is permitted within the time limits established by the State Catalog of Pesticides and Agrochemicals.

When organizing labor education and vocational training classes in interschool educational centers in grades 5-11, provided for by the educational program, compliance with sanitary rules and sanitary-epidemiological requirements for the safety of working conditions for workers under 18 years of age is ensured.

- Amount of homework (for all subjects) should be such that the time required to complete it does not exceed (in astronomical hours):

In grades 2 - 3 - 1.5 hours,

In grades 4 - 5 - 2 hours,

In grades 6 - 8 - 2.5 hours,

In grades 9 - 11 - up to 3.5 hours.

- When conducting final certification, more than one exam per day is not allowed. The break between examinations must be at least 2 days. If the exam lasts 4 hours or more, it is necessary to organize meals for students.

- The weight of a daily set of textbooks and writing materials should not exceed: for students 1- 2 classes - more than 1.5 kg, 3 - 4 classes - more than 2 kg, 5 - 6 classes - more than 2.5 kg, 7 - 8 classes - more than 3.5 kg, 9 - 11 -x - more than 4.0 kg.

More detailed information is provided inSanPiN 2.4.2.2821-10 “Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the conditions and organization of training in educational institutions”

Classes should begin no earlier than 8 o'clock. Conducting zero lessons is not allowed. In institutions with in-depth study of individual subjects, lyceums and gymnasiums, training is carried out only in the first shift.

In institutions operating in two shifts, training of 1st, 5th, final 9th ​​and 11th grades and compensatory education classes should be organized in the first shift. Studying in 3 shifts in general education institutions is not allowed.

Modern scientific research It has been established that the biorhythmological optimum of mental performance in children school age falls within an interval of 10-12 hours. When drawing up a training schedule, it is necessary to take into account that academic subjects differ in the nature of the activity, difficulty, degree of load of the first or second signal system, and the predominance of static and dynamic components.

In connection with the above factors, at the beginning of the school day, when students’ performance is still high, subjects based on verbal, verbal teaching should be taught, i.e. loading the second signal system (Russian language, mathematics). During working hours (1 lesson) and during the period of decreased performance (last lesson), the schedule includes those subjects that are based on objective, figurative perception, which is much easier than speech perception (singing, drawing), as well as classes characterized by pronounced dynamic component (physical education, labor, rhythm). After physical education lessons there are no lessons with written assignments or tests. Therefore, in the lesson schedule for 1st grade students, the most difficult subjects should be taught in the 2nd lesson; 2-4 grades - 2-3 lessons; for students in grades 5-11 in lessons 2-4.

When drawing up a schedule, it is necessary to alternate the main subjects for students of the first stage of education (mathematics, Russian and foreign language, natural history, computer science) with lessons in music, fine arts, labor, physical education; For students of the 2nd and 3rd stages of education, subjects of natural and mathematical profiles should be alternated with humanitarian subjects. A combination of two or three difficult lessons in a row (physics, mathematics, foreign language) is not recommended; it is necessary to alternate them with less difficult subjects (history, geography).

There should not be more than one test during the school day. Tests are recommended to be carried out in 2-4 lessons.

In primary grades, double lessons are not conducted, as this leads to rapid fatigue of students. For students in grades 5-9, double lessons are allowed for laboratory work, tests, labor lessons, and physical education for a specific purpose (skiing, swimming).

Double lessons in basic and core subjects for students in grades 5-9 are allowed provided they are conducted following a physical education lesson or a dynamic break lasting at least 30 minutes. In grades 10-11, double lessons in basic and core subjects are allowed.

Regardless of the length of the school week, the number of lessons per day should not be more than 5 in primary grades (except first grade) and more than 6 lessons in grades 5-11.

In order to reduce the adverse impact of mental and static stress on the functional state of the body of schoolchildren, breaks (changes) should be provided between lessons, ensuring at the same time their physiologically appropriate duration and organization. The duration of breaks between lessons is at least 10 minutes, a long break (after 2 or 3 lessons) is 20-30 minutes. Instead of one big break, after 2 and 3 lessons it is allowed to have two breaks of 20 minutes each.