Currant is a favorite garden berry. In our country, it is grown everywhere. This culture has gained popularity due to its taste, nutritional and healing properties. Breeders have bred thousands of varieties of different colors of currants. Each of them has its own characteristics.

Currant, like other crops, comes in different varieties. Each of them has its own specific shape, size, color of berries, pulp consistency, taste, aroma and much more.

Currant varieties differ from one another in the size of fruit clusters and the density of berries on them. And different ripening periods allow you to increase the period of fresh consumption of berries.

Red and white currant

Usually the currant of these two colors is considered as one culture, since the berries differ only in color. Redcurrant has been known since the 5th century. It was grown by the Dutch for beauty. First of all, its decorative qualities were valued, the berries were of no interest. Red currant has gained great popularity in Europe. In Russia, they got acquainted with this culture only in the 15th century.

It became known much later. Even at the beginning of the last century, it was considered one of the varieties of red currant with an atypical berry color for this species. These two varieties do not have a pronounced aroma, but differ in taste and useful properties. The best varieties of white and red currants are unpretentious to growing conditions, but they feel better on loamy and sandy soils. These are very photophilous plants, undemanding to moisture. It should be remembered that with a lack of lighting, the berries lose their taste and color. The culture is resistant to diseases and damage.

With proper care, these two varieties of currants give a high yield. Bushes strewn with red and white berries look very beautiful. Fruit formations of white and red currants are more durable than black ones, the berries are evenly distributed over the bush, they are less thickened with shoots. The plant can bear fruit for 15-20 years, growing without transplanting to another place.

Red currant: varieties

1. "Varshevich" is distinguished by the originality of the color of the fruit. They have a pronounced dark purple color. It is a self-fertile variety that matures late. On a large, powerful bush, many rounded or slightly compressed fruits are formed. Berries of medium size with juicy purple flesh have a sour taste and form a long brush. Ripe fruits remain on the branches for a long time. For its high yield, unusual fruit color and decorative bush, this currant variety is popular with gardeners. Fresh berries are consumed less often, more often they go for processing.
2. "Beloved" - a variety that has an average ripening period. The bush is characterized by small size, medium branching and thick straight stems. The berries are round, bright, medium in size. There are a lot of them on the brushes, and they are evenly distributed. Fruits of sweet and sour taste have a universal purpose. This variety is not afraid of severe frosts, it has a high yield and is not affected
3. A typical representative of the mid-ripe currant variety, the photo of which you see above, is the "svetlitsa". The bush is medium in size, compact and erect shoots. The round berries are not large in size, but very juicy and tasty. This variety, despite the small berries, gives high yields and is not susceptible to fungal diseases.

Large-fruited red currant

1. "Chulkovskaya" red currant belongs to an old variety, which even today attracts the attention of lovers and specialists of this type of culture with early ripening and taste of fruits. Differs in the small size of the bush red currant varieties. The best varieties include "Chulkovskaya" currant. Long brushes are strewn with large red berries, round or pear-shaped. They are distinguished by tender, juicy flesh and a sweetish taste. Ripe berries, without crumbling, remain on the branches for a long time. This sweet currant variety is consumed fresh or processed.
2. Variety "yonker van tete" has a medium-early ripening period. This Dutch currant variety was bred in early 1941. It gained popularity in our country in the nineties of the last century for its excellent taste and resistance to diseases and damage. This variety gives high yields and is resistant to low temperatures. It is distinguished by a powerful, large, dense bush of the red currant variety. The best varieties include this particular species. On long or medium-sized racemes, you can count up to ten very large, bright berries. The shape of the fruit is round or pear-shaped, they are covered with a dense, elastic skin. The pulp is juicy and very tasty. Therefore, this currant is so loved to be consumed fresh.
3. Large-fruited currant varieties "Ural beauty" refers to the best varieties of domestic selection. Differs in low sprawling bushes and resistance to diseases. Therefore, the leaves are preserved until the first frost. Culture refers to early maturation. The disadvantage is that the yield increases gradually, in direct proportion to the long-term growth of wood. Berries differ in the big sizes, fine taste and pleasant aroma.

White currant: varieties

1. "Prygazhunya" is a variety of white currant and has an average ripening time. The bushes of the plant are distinguished by an average growth force, the branches are sprawling, with a plentiful harvest they bend and fall. On brushes of medium length, there are usually a lot of not very large berries of a light pink color with a rounded shape. Sweet and sour fruits have a universal purpose. Ripe berries are stored on brushes for a long time, do not crumble. At this time, they intensively acquire taste qualities. Currant white variety "prygazhunya" is ideal for freezing. This variety bears abundant fruit and has an excellent taste.
2. "Dutch" white currant belongs to an old variety, but recently it has been aggressively replaced by other, more promising species. Although many gardeners believe that in vain. The bushes of this plant are not very sprawling, compact, which allows them to maximize the use of the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe site when they are planted. This variety of currant bears fruit better on moist, fertile soil, resistant to low temperatures. Medium-sized berries have a rounded, slightly compressed shape. Their skin is transparent. Seeds and veins on the surface are clearly visible. The pulp is juicy and has a great taste. Ripe berries do not crumble, they are harvested in one go. This currant is good fresh. But its processing will not affect the taste.
3. The white currant variety "Versailles" is well known to gardeners who breed it on their plots. It is attractive with high yields and tasty, large-sized berries. Her bushes are compact and medium in size. This currant gives large yields, growing on fertile soils. Tolerates frost well. By ripening time, it belongs to medium varieties. Large berries have a rounded shape. They almost do not change in size during growth. Their skin is transparent, seeds and veins are visible through it. The pulp is very juicy, it harmoniously combines sugar and acid, which gives the fruit a refreshing taste. The berry is especially good fresh. In addition, jam, compotes, juices, syrups, jams and much more are prepared from it.

Red currant: benefits

Red currant berries are rich in potassium, iron, succinic and malic acids. They also contain carotene. The use of berries helps to remove excess fluid from the body, serves as a preventive measure for diseases of the heart and blood vessels.

The fruits of red currant are used in the treatment of diabetes. They eliminate nausea and stimulate appetite. They are used as diuretics, anti-inflammatory, hematopoietic, laxative and restorative agents. The use of apple and those contained in berries energizes the body. Therefore, they are recommended for use by older people. Red currant juice maintains the tone of the body at the proper level.

Harm of red currant

Obvious and indisputable. But in some diseases, it can be harmful. In this case, it must be excluded from the diet. The use of juice is strictly contraindicated for people suffering from stomach ulcers, hepatitis, gastritis and reduced blood clotting.

Black currant

The name of this type of culture comes from the word "currant", which in translation from Old Russian means "persistent smell", characteristic of this species. Black currant is to the liking of gardeners, and its delicious berries have long been loved by children and adults. The description of currant varieties provides the opportunity for a large selection of crops. After all, this plant is characterized by resistance to low temperatures and fungal diseases. Blackcurrant is a fast-growing, high-yielding crop with annual fruiting. It does not differ in high requirements for growing conditions. And its berries have excellent taste and healing properties.

Blackcurrant: varieties

1. "The Little Prince" is an early variety. It features a low bush and its convenient shape, which simplifies harvesting. It is resistant to all diseases, severe frosts and prolonged drought. It bears fruit regularly and abundantly. Berries on tassels are located densely and ripen at the same time. This makes it easier to collect them. Brushes are small in size, there are paired and single. The berries are juicy, bright black in color, covered with a thin delicate peel. Lovers of sweet and sour fruits will love them.
2. "Openwork" blackcurrant refers to a highly self-fertile variety. It is frost resistant. He is not afraid of sudden weather changes. The intense heat doesn't bother him. It bears fruit regularly and has a stable average yield. This crop is resistant to powdery mildew and anthracnose. But sometimes it is affected by kidney mites. Curved thick brushes are short and medium in size. The berries are rounded, large, shiny and have a sweet, sour taste. If you choose which varieties of currants are better, you can stop there.
3. "Bagheera" refers to a late variety and is characterized by high frost resistance and plentiful harvests. There is a slight freezing of shoots if frost and thaw often alternate. This variety is not damaged by terry and anthracnose, but powdery mildew can sometimes harm the plant. On thin small branches, the fruits are evenly distributed. Berries have the same size and a pronounced black color. The shiny thin skin is very durable. The fruits have a delicate aroma and sweet taste.

Large-fruited black currant

1. "Exotica" is the largest blackcurrant variety. Differs in a high yield and early ripening. The bush is powerful, tall, the branches are erect, strong. They do not bend from the severity of large berries, which evenly form a brush. The fruits are juicy, have a pleasant sweetish taste. The best varieties of black currant are represented by this type of culture.
2. "Aleander" refers to varieties of large-fruited black currant. Differs in a tall sprawling bush and branches lying under it. The leaves are dark green, powerful and slightly wrinkled. The plant is resistant to powdery mildew and anthracnose, but prone to damage by bud mites. The culture of this currant variety tolerates the harsh winter months well, but drought is not a comfortable condition for its growth and abundant fruiting. There are many large berries on long, thick arcuate racemes. They have a pleasant taste and fragrant aroma.
3. "Selechenskaya-2" is one of the best varieties of blackcurrant. On tall, compact bushes, there are many strong branches that do not need a garter. This variety is not afraid of fungal and tick-borne diseases. Very rarely it is affected by a kidney mite. This is a versatile variety that tolerates severe frosts and heat for a long time. On strong curved brushes there are many very large berries, similar to gooseberries. The fruits are covered with a strong, thick skin. Do not break during harvest. The berries are tasty, sweet, have a peculiar delicate aroma.

Useful properties of blackcurrant

The description of currant varieties will not be complete, if not to say about their benefits. Blackcurrant is the most useful berry of all. It is called the pantry of substances necessary for humans. It has an excellent taste and is valued for its high healing properties. The berry contains a large amount of ascorbic acid, carotene and biotin, which is called the vitamin of youth.

Blackcurrant has long been widely used in folk medicine. The content of iron, potassium and magnesium allows the use of fruits and leaves for anemia, vascular and heart diseases. Blackcurrant is rich in pectins, phytoncides, essential and tannins.

The berry of this variety of currant lowers cholesterol, treats eczema and skin diseases, helps with depression and stress. Ulcers and gastritis are treated with flowers and young leaves of blackcurrant, and rheumatism and kidneys with berries. Currently, there are thousands of recipes for various diseases based on blackcurrant.

Currant diseases

Currant, like other plants, is affected by diseases and damaged by pests. If you plant the best varieties of currants on your site, you can avoid infection with many infectious diseases. But you need to know the most common of them.

1. Anthracnose is a disease of leaves, their petioles, stalks and fruits. It affects plants starting in May. It is characterized by the appearance of small brown spots that grow over time. The leaves begin to turn yellow, curl and fall off. Shoots slow down growth and do not have time to mature. To prevent the disease in early spring and late autumn, you should dig the ground around the bush. And before the buds open, spray with a solution of vitriol. You can use Bordeaux liquid. It is sprayed four times during the growing season: during bud break, at the end of flowering, half a month after flowering, after harvesting.
2. Terry is a viral disease and therefore can spread rapidly. Carriers are bed bugs, bud mites and aphids. This disease is characterized by a change in the shape and color of leaves and flowers. The plant stops producing. To combat the disease, branches are cut or the entire bush is removed. The main thing is to fight the spreaders of the disease.

Currant pests

1. The kidney mite is very small, it can only be seen through a magnifying glass or loupe. It damages which acquire a spherical shape and do not release leaves and flowers. The tick waits out the winter in the kidneys. It spreads through planting material, birds and insects. Effective means of combating this pest have not yet been invented. But the fight must be waged. To do this, the plant is sprayed several times: before bud break, two weeks after it and before flowering. There are a lot of spray solutions. In any store they are presented in a large assortment.
2. The sawfly has a good appetite. He eats all the leaves. Its larvae are in cocoons, which are buried in the ground under a plant bush. Here the pest waits out the winter. The fight against it consists in autumn digging and spraying in several stages: when buds open, buds form, after flowering. To prevent the pest from breeding, its larvae are periodically shaken off and burned.

When it comes to currants, perhaps every domestic gardener can boast of a couple of shrubs with black or red berries. Undoubtedly, blackcurrant is considered the most common. However, if you want to diversify your plantings a little, you can add a shrub called white currant to your collection. Its berries are characterized by an excellent sweet taste, it is often used to make jellies, compotes, and wines.

Whitecurrant can become a true decoration of your garden. Berry colors can range from white to dark cream depending on the cultivars. It is noteworthy that when they ripen, they do not crumble, but stay on the branches for a long time. The composition of the fruit contains pectins in large quantities. Firstly, it is thanks to this substance that the consistency of the berries is jelly-like (therefore, jelly can be prepared from the fruits of white currant without effort). Secondly, pectins have a beneficial effect on human health. That is why by including currant berries in your daily diet, you thereby contribute to the removal of heavy metal salts from the body.

If we talk about the presence of vitamin C in white currants, it is much less than in red or black currants. Nevertheless, potassium and iron predominate in the fruits of the white berry bush. According to its description, white currant is especially recommended for use by the elderly and allergy sufferers. Its ripe berries can prevent various age-related diseases, so currants are partly considered anti-aging.

Which of the varieties of white currant is better to plant on your site? There is a whole variety of them in modern gardening. Consider the most popular varieties of this berry bush.

Diamond (White Fairy)

Such a shrub reaches a height of no more than 1 meter. It belongs to the varieties of currants with an average intensity of fruiting. The main advantages of this variety include the following points:

• ripe berries do not crumble;
• shrub withstands even severe frosts;
• you will harvest approximately the same crop every year (the intensity of fruiting does not decrease even a few years after planting the bush);
• berries can be effortlessly stored fresh for some time, they are also transportable;
• the plant shows a fairly high resistance to the development of diseases, as well as the invasion of pests;
• the variety is self-fertile, no additional plants need to be planted around the shrub.

Disadvantages of this variety of white currant are also present. For example, it is imperative to control the level of soil moisture. White currant diamond requires constant moisture. The shrub grows very spreading and dense, so pruning will need to be done carefully and a little more often than usual. Another significant nuance is that you cannot do without top dressing, since the top layer of soil must remain nutritious.

Bayana

Whitecurrant Bayan is rightfully considered one of the best and most popular varieties among farmers. This plant is distinguished by high quality fruits, good yields, as well as resistance to diseases. The bush grows quite thick and tall, but in moderation, so pruning is not included in a number of mandatory steps for caring for the plant. Ripe berries have a sweet taste, there is also a slight sourness. They are often used to make jellies, wines, juices. The fruits of the bayan variety can be safely frozen for the winter and, of course, eaten fresh.

Versailles white

Versailles white currant was bred at the end of the 19th century in France, hence the name of the variety. Among the key advantages of the plant are the ripening of large berries, as well as high yields. The fruits taste sweet and sour, their pulp is very juicy. Such a shrub has good resistance to powdery mildew. What is important, the variety is self-fertile, as well as frost-resistant. The only thing that the gardener may have to deal with is anthracnose. The shrub is not too resistant to this disease, so you cannot do without processing it with special means.

White Potapenko

Among the varieties of white currant, a variety called White Potapenko also stands out. This is a medium-early plant, grows slightly spreading. If your area is characterized by severe frosts in winter, this variety is an ideal solution: it is quite resistant to lower temperatures and even to strong drops (frosts in the spring are also not terrible for it). Potapenko's white currant yields annually and is self-fertile. The only negative of such a shrub is the average yield. Nevertheless, the variety is considered to be in demand among farmers due to its other advantages.

Ural white

Ural white currant is available for planting and care in central Russia. This variety is considered universal and is in great demand among domestic farmers. This variety of white currant belongs to mid-season berry bushes. It is noteworthy that this variety shows high resistance to frost and various diseases. The bushes are slightly sprawling, but quite dense.

If you are looking for a variety of currant that has good fertility, be sure to pay attention to this variety. During the season from one bush you can collect up to 6 kg of berries. Their taste is sweet and sour and very delicate. Such a currant will take its rightful place in your garden.

Care and cultivation

To further reduce the risk of developing certain diseases, it is recommended to water currant bushes with hot water in the spring before the start of sap flow. Before this, it is desirable to properly tie the branches together for the convenience of such a procedure. This method has been around for many years, but it still proves its effectiveness today.

Be sure to weed the soil around the white currant bushes. Do not forget about regular watering of the soil, as well as top dressing of the plant. Loosen the soil with extreme caution, as very often currant roots are located at a short distance from the soil surface.

Pay special attention to fertilizing currant bushes. Top dressing, as a rule, is carried out three times per season:

• in the spring - nitrogen fertilizers. They are necessary for the active growth of the bush and the growth of the vegetative mass;
• in summer - potassium substances. They contribute to the early ripening of fruits;
• in the fall - phosphorus top dressing. It is recommended to certainly prepare the plant for the onset of cold weather.

Ripe berries of white currant can be collected for the most part no earlier than July. However, you should not have any special problems with growing shrubs.

What does white currant like

In the process of caring for currant shrubs, it is recommended to adhere to key points. In order for you to be able to harvest a full-fledged crop in the summer, you must certainly ensure thorough watering of the plant, as well as timely pruning of old branches and shoots and top dressing. As for pruning, for the first time it must be carried out immediately after planting the shrub in a permanent place. At the same time, almost all shoots are removed, three buds should be left on the seedlings. Thus, the currant will take root much faster.

The shrub grows very intensively, so do not be afraid to prune in the most careful way. Watering and fertilizing are mandatory procedures for white currants. It is not difficult to provide competent care for such berry bushes in general, and a generous harvest awaits you. The main thing is to comply with the basic requirements, and you don’t have to be particularly sophisticated.

Video “Which currant is healthier?”

From this video you will learn about which currant is more useful - white, red or black.

Bred by breeders, unlike black and red, is rarely found among gardeners, but it has a number of valuable properties and features. It is similar to the more common red, which is great for canning for the winter. Unlike red currants, white currants are best consumed fresh. Golden berries are good not only as a very healthy dessert, they have also been used in folk medicine. It is worth knowing in more detail what white and contraindications have.

Berry features

This is a plant from the gooseberry family. It grows as a shrub about 1.5 m high and above. The fruits are round, small in size, white, sometimes with a yellowish tinge, forming clusters.

On the bushes, the berries last longer than other types of currants. More than other varieties, the yield and good tolerance of the dry season is white currant.

The taste properties of this berry are very good - it has a sweet and sour taste and a delicate texture, generally reminiscent of red currant, but with more subtle and softer shades.

Popular varieties

Variety White berry Potapenko is considered one of the best. The berries of this variety can stay on the bushes for a long time, until winter, retaining their aroma and taste. The bushes themselves are low, the fruits are small white-yellow hue.

Belyanka is an equally popular and excellent variety, the yield of a bush is up to 10 kg of berries. The variety is frost-resistant, the berries are yellowish, the taste is tart, sweet and sour.

Nutritional value and composition

The taste of white currant as a dessert berry is an order of magnitude higher than that of the common black currant, but at the same time, the therapeutic and prophylactic effect of the product is much inferior, because white currant contains 5 times less vitamin C than black currant. But in terms of the content of potassium and iron useful to the heart and blood vessels, the benefits of white currant are more tangible.

These berries contain important acids, pectin, which makes it possible to make jelly from them, fiber useful for digestion, they also contain carbohydrates with proteins and other compounds useful to the body. And also vitamins A, C, P, group B, useful folic acid, which gives the berry a golden color beta-carotene, magnesium, phosphorus, calcium, sodium, useful for the nervous system. At the same time, the calorie content is low - only 40 kcal per hundred grams of berries, which makes it possible to successfully use white currants in dietary nutrition.

The benefits of white currant for the body

In addition to the above useful substances, white currant contains a huge amount of pectins that have a beneficial effect on blood quality and help remove harmful salts of heavy metals from the body, which is its main nutritional value. A delicious vitamin gift to the table is especially useful for children and the elderly, since such currants do not contain, although natural, but allergenic dyes, help the heart, improve blood composition, and a large percentage of vitamin P improves the functioning of liver cells, promotes the activation of the adrenal cortex and the separation of bile, strengthens the walls of blood vessels.

Vitamin E, found in a high degree in white berries, makes them truly an elixir for prolonging youth. Its antioxidant properties slow down the inevitable aging process, improve our reproductive functions, protect against cataracts, fight free radicals.

Vitamin A, also found in white currant, strengthens the immune system and eyesight, prevents tumor processes and lung damage, including in smokers.

B vitamins in berries strengthen blood vessels that nourish the brain, which helps to withstand stress and psychological stress, improve memory function. White currant berries are very useful for men, as they increase erectile function.

Contraindications

Now we know what useful properties whitecurrant has. And she also has contraindications. Despite the obvious benefits, its use should be limited or even excluded if gastritis, especially with an increased level of acidity, or an ulcer is diagnosed. It is forbidden to use white currant (like any other) for people with blood diseases: with low clotting, hemophilia. It is also contraindicated in patients with hepatitis. This is how the benefits and harms of white currants can affect the body.

The benefits of berries

The best thing is to eat fresh berries straight from the bush. So it is the most tasty and useful. If you eat a handful of these berries a day, you can strengthen your immune system, which will allow you to stay healthy for a long time.

But with high yields and, if desired, from white currant berries, as well as from any other, you can prepare tasty and healthy drinks: fruit drink, juice, compote and jelly, or cook jam, jams or berry puree. A delicious mousse or jelly would be good. In all these dishes, you can use white currants in combination with others, as well as any fruit to taste. The jam is especially successful combination of white and red currants.

Traditional medicine offers a decoction of berries as an antipyretic, for coughing, for rheumatism, atherosclerosis, for anemia and for diseases when it is necessary to increase the intake of vitamins from food. Hypertensive patients are advised to decoction of dried berries. However, do not forget that white currant has useful properties and contraindications, so if you have hypertension, do not get carried away eating it.

Juice and fruit drink

Juices and fruit drinks from white currant berries increase appetite, improve the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract, and reduce bad cholesterol. Whitecurrant juice contains many active nutrients, but due to the absence of allergenic coloring pigments, berry juice is practically safe for people prone to allergic reactions.

White currant leaves: useful properties and contraindications

This is a treasure trove of nutrients. And not only berries, but also leaves. They can be added to tea leaves for flavor and additional fortification of the drink. Fragrant leaves of white currant, like black currant, have bactericidal properties, reduce fermentation and can be successfully used in pickles and marinades.

Teas and decoctions from the leaves, when ingested, remove toxins, radioactive elements, excess uric and oxalic acids. Decoctions are useful for urolithiasis, promote scarring of ulcers, are used in the prevention and complex treatment of anemia.

Shrub sprigs mixed with oats are used as a drink to enrich the body with vitamins, increase the production of red blood cells, increase immunity and tone.

Leaves can be added to a salad and simply washed and chewed, helping to cleanse the mouth and strengthen the gums, because they have a bactericidal and strengthening effect on body tissues, including gums and mucous membranes. These are the useful properties and contraindications of white currant.

Recipes for simple and quick preparation of berries

Morse is an excellent light vitamin and refreshing drink that retains the benefits of fresh berries. It can be made from a separate type of currant, or it can be mixed from different varieties to taste, including mixed with other berries.

The easiest and fastest way is to cook a “lazy” fruit drink. To do this, add one or two tablespoons of currant jam or jam to a glass of cold or warm water.

And in order to prepare the jam itself in the most optimal variant in terms of the ratio of vitamins and microelements, all prepared berries are washed, dried and scrolled in a meat grinder or pureed with a blender. When crushed, two or three oranges with peel, pitted, can be added to currants. This will give it an exquisite aroma, brightness of color, besides, this action additionally fortifies the berry mass. The resulting puree must be weighed and covered with sugar one by one. In addition, four more glasses of granulated sugar are carefully mixed into the mass. When all the sugar has dispersed, the currants should be laid out in pre-sterilized jars, pouring a thin layer of sugar on top (this will help prevent mold), cork with lids and put in the refrigerator for storage.

So, it is obvious that, like any other berry, white currant has useful properties and contraindications. Keep them in mind when harvesting.

To significantly strengthen the immune system and maintain health for many years, doctors recommend eating only a tablespoon of white currant berries every day during the fruit ripening season. And juicy and transparent fruits wonderfully quench your thirst: in the sun, a few brushes of berries will replace a glass of juice.

• Appearance– Perennial shrub up to 1.5 m high
• Family– Saxifrage
• Leaves– 3-5-lobed with serrated edges, petiolate, dense
• flowers- Small, inconspicuous, yellow-green, collected in clusters, bloom in May, self-fertile in zoned varieties
• Fruit– Berries with a diameter of 8-12 mm, yellowish, cream or light pink, ripen in July-August

White currant, compared to black, is more productive - the average yield per bush is 8 kg. The culture reacts less to drought and soil salinization, is less demanding on fertilization, and is also fast-growing and durable.

Conditions for growing white currant

Whitecurrant is photophilous, so you should not plant it under trees. It is drought-resistant, however, with insufficient moisture supply, growth, fruiting and winter hardiness are reduced. Bushes planted on loose, nutritious soils, provided with a sufficient amount of organic and mineral fertilizers, will be more stable, durable and productive.

Planting white currant

You can plant white currants in spring before bud break or in early autumn (late September - early October). The distance between the bushes is at least 1 m. Pits 40 cm deep and 50-60 cm wide are prepared 2-3 weeks before planting. They add, stirring, 8-10 kg of compost or humus, 150-200 g of superphosphate, 30-40 g of potassium sulfide. Seedlings are buried in the soil up to 8-10 cm from the conditional root collar, placing them straight or obliquely for better formation of additional roots. They fall asleep with a fertile layer of earth, lightly tamp, be sure to water and mulch with humus or peat. Then the branches are shortened to 4-5 well-developed buds.

Under favorable conditions, white currant begins to bear fruit in the 3rd year after planting and bears fruit for 15-20 years.

Formation of white currant

In the first year after planting, 5-6 strong annual shoots can grow. In autumn, 2-3 weaker ones are removed from them. Over the next three years, 3-4 strong shoots are left every season from the newly grown shoots, the rest are cut out. By the autumn of the fifth year, the bush will consist of 18-20 skeletal branches of different ages. Old branches are renewed at the age of 6-7 years and older, leaving strong basal shoots for replacement, and the rest, thickening the bush, are cut out at the base. Annually, if necessary, sanitary pruning is carried out, removing broken, diseased branches lying on the ground.

Own seedlings of white currant

White currant is best propagated by horizontal cuttings. To do this, in early spring, a groove 5-8 cm deep is made from the bush, the one-year-old shoot is bent down, placed in this hole, pinned to the soil with a metal bracket and covered with peat, light loose humus or compost. During the season, be sure to water, if necessary, gently loosen, remove weeds. By autumn, vertical shoots will grow on the layering. They are carefully dug up, separated from the mother bush, cut into individual seedlings and planted in a permanent place in the garden or nursery for growing.

spring care

And now about the next seasonal work. In early spring, when the buds on the bushes have not yet swelled, without waiting for the snow to completely melt, currant plants can be doused with hot water brought almost to a boil (approximately 10 liters per bush). Such a "shower" is effective against pests and fungal diseases. The land under the plants should be slightly loosened, nitrogen fertilizers should be applied (18-20 g of ammonium nitrate or 13-17 g of urea per 1 sq.m). To reduce the evaporation of moisture from the soil, currants can be mulched with leaves, manure or peat with a layer of about 7 cm, after weeding the weeds. This approach will increase the yield.

White currant - useful and medicinal properties

Due to the high content of pectin, fiber and potassium in the berries, white currant removes toxic substances, salts of heavy metals, including radioactive ones, from the body.

The fruits are rich in vitamin E, have anti-sclerotic properties, slow down the aging process, and improve reproductive function.

Due to the absence of coloring substances, white currant does not cause allergies in children.

Berries contain a lot of iron and potassium, so their consumption improves blood composition and helps the full functioning of the heart.

). Nevertheless, gardeners appreciate it not only for its excellent taste, but also for its luxurious appearance, thanks to which any garden turns into a source of pride and a source of aesthetic pleasure. Almost all varieties of white currant are resistant to all kinds of adverse conditions and diseases, but some can be especially distinguished. Today we will talk about the best varieties of white currant for the Moscow region and the Urals.

The subtleties of choosing white currants

White currant is known to be an incredibly healthy berry that does not require special care. But if you want to grow a healthy and productive berry crop in your garden plot, you need to know some of the subtleties of choosing the right variety.

Currant for the Moscow region

If we talk about the Moscow region, then the climate there is moderately continental, with moderately cold winters and relatively warm, often rainy summers. In the north, northwest of the region, soddy-podzolic or partially loamy soils, rather heavy, with excess moisture, predominate. To grow berries on such soil, a considerable amount of organic fertilizers and frequent soil liming activities will be required.

All varieties of white currant are very productive

In the east of the region, the soils are completely different: they are represented by peat, groundwater lies very close. The soil itself is not very fertile and will require careful maintenance during the cultivation of currants.

In the south of the Moscow region, the soil is much better, besides, it is much warmer there. Most of the soils are sod-podzolic.

Advice. When choosing a variety suitable for growing in the Moscow region, be sure to take into account the climate and soil features in a particular area.

It should be noted that in this region, in principle, almost any variety of white currant is able to survive, but it is better to give preference to those that can withstand extreme heat and excessive moisture in the soil.

Currant for the Urals

Here everything is somewhat more complicated, because the Ural region differs significantly in climatic conditions from the Moscow region. In general, the climate of the Urals is considered polar. Accordingly, when choosing a suitable currant variety, it is necessary to proceed, first of all, from the winter hardiness of the crop, its resistance to diseases and growth rate. Late varieties or those with too long a collection period will not work.

Advice. Speaking of winter hardiness, this concept should not be confused with frost resistance, which implies only the ability of a plant to endure a big minus. But winter hardiness is already a complex concept and implies that the plant will not only be able to maintain its tops when exposed to cold, but also “survive” after significant icing of the root system.

By the way, speaking about the yield of the variety: white currant, regardless of the variety, has impressive yields. Therefore, when choosing a suitable variety, one should not be guided by this particular criterion. As practice shows, the amount of harvest of white berries depends to a greater extent on the quality of crop care in each case.

The best varieties of white currant for the Urals and Moscow region

To your attention a selection of white currant varieties that are best suited for growing in the Moscow region:

• Boulogne White. Common in the southern Moscow region "French" variety. Currant berries are small in size, which is more than offset by the original dessert taste. The yield of the variety is very “modest” - only about 4.5 kg from one bush. When growing this variety, carefully protect it from anthracnose and hard frosts, as Boulogne White is afraid of both.

Boulogne White

• Dessert. An excellent early ripe variety of white currant, bred by German breeders. The fruits are round in shape, yellow in color and of considerable size (berry weight is about 1-1.5 g). The plant is a semi-spreading small bush, from which, with proper care, you can collect about 5 kg of fruit. The taste of fruits is excellent dessert, with spicy sourness.
• White Fairy (Diamond). An early ripe, generous variety for harvest (up to 6 kg of delicious berries can be harvested from a bush). The bush grows quite compact and very branchy. The berries are white in color and large in size (the weight of individual specimens reaches 3 g).
• Bayan. The plant is represented by magnificent tall bushes that carry up to 10 kg of small berries that have a sweet taste with a special sourness. This variety is able to "survive" in almost any climate. Mistresses are very fond of using this variety for making all kinds of jelly, since Bayana berries become jelly-like during processing (thanks to pectins).

But for the Ural region it is worth looking at completely different, but no less high-quality varieties:

• Ural White. The variety, with proper care, will delight you with a considerable harvest (about 5.5 kg from a currant bush). The berries are large and have excellent taste. Gardeners note the incredible resistance of the variety to all kinds of diseases, as well as cold. Among the features of care, it is worth noting the need for frequent and generous watering, otherwise the berry will gradually shrink.

Ural White

• Versailles. In fact, the "pioneer" among the varieties of white-fruited currants. Opened in the 19th century. Bushes grow very compact, small height. Versailles currant can give no more than 3 kg of berries from one bush, but they are incredibly tasty. In addition, berries contain a huge amount of vitamin C - about 60 mg per 100 g.
• Smolyaninovskaya. Mid-season variety. Plant bushes grow powerful, branched. Currant with proper care will be able to give a record 8-9 kg of fruit from one bush. The berries are heterogeneous in size, but have the same sweet and sour taste, which in the process of tasting received the highest possible score - 5 points. The variety is perfect for the cold Ural climate, it is also very resistant to all kinds of diseases.

So our article has come to an end. You learned about the intricacies of choosing a white currant variety, as well as the best varieties for growing in the Moscow Region and the Urals. Good luck!

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Red currant: diseases and pests

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Control measures

Currant is widely distributed throughout the Soviet Union. - a fungal disease is expressed in the appearance of very small brown spots on the leaves (conidial sporulation of the fungus). The leaf tissue turns brown, the leaf dries up and falls off prematurely. Anthracnose also affects leaf petioles, young shoots, stalks. Anthracnose reaches strong development in the 2nd half of summer (end of July - August). Mature leaves have a particularly high density and intensity of infection.

During the summer, the disease is spread by spores of the fungus. It reaches its maximum development in the middle of summer. The development of the disease is facilitated by high temperature and relative humidity, thickened plantings. The fungus overwinters on affected shoots and stems.

. As we know, currant diseases deprive us of the harvest, for example, outbreaks of anthracnose in wet years cause a loss of 75% of the crop and a decrease in it next year. When plants are damaged by terry, losses can range from 30% to 100%. Therefore, the agrotechnical method should be the main one in protecting plants from diseases and pests. If the site for planting healthy planting material is chosen correctly, the most resistant varieties are selected and high agricultural practices for the care of the soil and plants are maintained, then the number of pests and diseases is significantly reduced.​

In addition to the defeat of aphids, the leaves on the currant turn red and due to the harm caused by anthracnose, a fungal disease of plants. This disease causes a decrease in the growth of shoots on the bush, as well as a significant decrease in the yield and taste of berries. At the beginning of the disease, small red spots or plaque with shiny tubercles appear on the leaves of red or black currant. Then these spots merge and turn brown, and the leaves on the shrub dry and fall prematurely. The disease even spreads to fruits.

Fruit tree pests

For propagation, take layering and cuttings of healthy plants.

In autumn, red currants require special care. Diseases and pests often overwinter on fallen leaves and in the soil, so the ground around the bush should be cleared and dug up several times.

How delightful the sophisticated gardener is with juicy transparent scarlet clusters, which shimmer with red currants under the summer sun! Diseases and pests, however, can not only deprive a bush of fruits, but also completely destroy it. Reasonable care of the plant from the moment it is planted will protect the berry. The bushes should not be thickened, the optimal distance between them is at least two meters, then the plant is sufficiently illuminated by the sun and ventilated. Be sure to delete old branches.​

Enemies among insects

Planting currants away from coniferous forests. Autumn collection and destruction of fallen leaves or their careful incorporation into the soil. Spraying with Bordeaux mixture three times: in early spring, before bud break; after flowering and after harvest. Good plant care (fertilizing, watering and applying phosphorus-potassium fertilizers in the fall).

The fungus penetrates the leaves mainly from the underside.

Septoria causes massive drying of currant leaves and their premature fall. Sick shoots give poor growth and small berries. The disease develops especially strongly in wet years and in thickened plantings.

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Diseases and pests of red currant

The causative agent of the disease is a fungus that mainly affects black currants, to a lesser extent poses a threat to white and red currants. Young parts of plants suffer: petioles, leaves, shoots, green berries.

If you had red spots on currant leaves in your garden in the previous season, then in the spring, before bud break, you should definitely spray the bushes and the soil under them abundantly with a solution of copper sulphate. Before flowering and immediately after it, currant bushes can be sprayed with a one percent solution of Bordeaux mixture. Re-spraying can be carried out two weeks after harvest.​

1. How to get rid of aphids
2. Choose varieties that are most resistant to pests and diseases.
3. ​Sferoteka​
4. ​Reversion​
5. Poppy decorative Poppy - PapaverL. More than 100 species are known, originating from Central and Southern Europe, Asia, and Australia. In floriculture, oriental poppy and poppy golostebelny are more often used. poppy

Rogersia Rogersia - Rodgersia A. Gray. The genus covers 6 (8) species distributed in the mountains of China and Japan. Plants with scaly creeping rhizomes, 100-150 cm high. Valued as

Use of healthy planting material. Cuttings should be taken only from healthy bushes on which no symptoms of the disease have been detected for 3 years. It is necessary to inspect currant plantings at the end of flowering; if affected flowers are detected, the bush should be completely uprooted and burned. Individual affected branches are cut out only at the initial stage of their infection, but this does not guarantee that the bush will be free from the disease.

Measures to combat the disease.

The fruiting bodies of the fungus overwinter on shoots and unfallen leaves. The first signs of defeat can be seen in late May early June. At this time, a white loose coating appears on the underside of the leaves, consisting of chains of spores. They are easily spread by wind, insects, rain, infecting young growing organs of the bush throughout the summer.

In autumn, it is better to destroy all the remains of plants and dig up the soil under the bushes. If the currant leaves turn red the next year, then the treatment of fungal diseases of the currant should be repeated.

In summer, looking more closely at the currant leaves, you can see red and brown spots and swellings on their lower side. A novice gardener immediately has a question: why do red and black currant leaves turn red? And this happens because a leaf gall aphid, a well-known pest of the garden, has settled on the bush. Its rapid spread is facilitated by warm winters and hot dry summers.

Regularly, carefully inspect the bushes. At the first sign of the appearance of pests or diseases, take immediate action.

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Red spots on currant leaves

A disease in which the shoots and leaves are covered with white bloom is also called powdery mildew. Unripe berries are wrapped in a felt layer and, of course, are not suitable for food. To save currants, it is necessary to spray the bush with a special solution at the first sign of a sphere library. For ten liters of water, take 50 grams of soda ash and 40 grams of laundry soap shavings.

This viral disease is also called terry. It affects all types of currants. You can recognize it by the bizarre shape of the flowers: the petals become filiform, which makes the inflorescence double. The virus settles in the sap of plants, so it is almost impossible to help the bush. If you find only a few crippled inflorescences, you can cut off the branches on which they blossomed, and if the flowers curled en masse, then the bush must be uprooted and burned.

Methods for dealing with aphids on currants

The concept of weeds and their harmfulness Weeds are plants that clog agricultural land and harm cultivated plants. Plants belonging to cultivated species, but not cultivated in this field,​

Currant goblet rust

Less affected by anthracnose are blackcurrant varieties Golubka, Primorsky Champion, Zoya, Koksa, Minai Shmyrev, Belarusian sweet, Seyanets Golubka. Varieties Naryadnaya, Vystavochnaya, Leah fertile are affected moderately and weakly, but in some years they can be affected to a great extent. The old Neapolitan variety is very strongly affected by anthracnose. Due to severe anthracnose disease, this variety often has weak bushes and low yields. Variety Bradthorpe is usually weakly affected, but in some years it is moderately affected.

​Planting only healthy planting material from the nursery.​

First, on the upper side of the leaf at the site of the lesion, tissue lightening is noticeable. Under favorable weather conditions (temperature 16-18o, relative humidity 70-80%), 2 weeks after the appearance of these first signs, the disease covers all young leaves, petioles and the top of the shoot.

Currant diseases photo

Treatment of currants from redness of the leaves

Black oblong aphid eggs overwinter on currant branches. In the spring, with the beginning of bud break, the pest larvae emerge from the eggs and, moving to the lower part of the young leaf, suck the juice out of it. After that, red, burgundy spots and swellings appear on currant leaves. These thickenings are blown outward and visible from afar. Yes, and the sheet itself becomes twisted and ugly.

A radical method of dealing with currant terry is the destruction of a bush.

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Currant diseases | HitAgro.RU

Aphids cause great harm to currants. In the spring, its larvae emerge from the buds, colonize the bush with colonies and suck juices from it. On the reverse side of the leaves, red bubbles bulge, the shoots are bent, twisted and dry. Aphids are bred by ants that feed on their sweet "milk". The fight against aphids begins in early spring with the treatment of bushes and the soil around them with a three percent solution of nitrofen (for a ten-liter bucket of water - 300 grams of the product). Decoctions of yarrow, horse sorrel, dandelion, marigolds, as well as from the tops of tomatoes and potatoes will also help. Spraying is excluded only during the flowering period of currants and stops 5 days before picking berries.

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At the beginning of summer, shoot growth stops, young currant leaves become coarser and no longer so attractive to aphids. When female aphids become winged, they fly to other plants in the garden. Insects live on them until the end of summer, breed and give rise to aphid colonies. And then they fly over to the currant again and lay eggs on it in order to start destroying the shrub again in the spring.

A heavily affected bush must be cut to ground level. And over the next year, as young shoots grow, treat the plant several times with acaricides, such as neoron.

Caterpillars of currant glass gnaw through “tunnels” in the core of the branches, which depresses the plant. Damaged branches should be cut off immediately.

Septoria

Your redcurrant is affected by goblet rust. Often the cause of the disease of berry bushes with this disease is sedge, therefore, if sedge is adjacent to currant bushes in your country house, then you will have to part with it, completely removing it from the site. The following year, before the currant leaves bloom, in the budding phase and immediately after flowering, the currant bushes must be treated with 1% Bordeaux liquid. In addition, gardeners who are faced with this problem advise the following recipe without chemistry. They take 200 g of tobacco dust and pour 2-3 liters of hot water into it, insist 2-3 days. At the same time, an infusion is made from 1 cup of garlic cloves, pouring 2 liters of hot water over them. Both infusions are poured into a 10-liter bucket, after filtering them, and adding 1 tbsp. l. liquid soap, 1 tsp. ground black or red (hot) pepper. The solution is infused for 1-2 hours, filtered and sprayed on the plants. ​Cultivation of ducks At present, domestic poultry farming is increasingly using ducks as a reserve for meat production. From one duck for the spring-summer period, you can get up to 100 eggs and grow from them Disease control measures

White leaf spot of currant (Septoria)

Currant varieties heavily affected by anthracnose have reduced winter hardiness.

Digging the soil under the bushes in autumn or early spring.

In mid-July and early August, fruit bodies of the fungus form on the mycelium, which remain to winter on unfallen leaves and shoots. In the spring they are the primary source of infection. Fruiting bodies wintering on fallen leaves, as a rule, die. The source of infection in the spring can also be a mycelium, which has been preserved on the living parts of plants.

Currant diseases

If you notice aphids on currants before the berries ripen, then it is better not to use chemicals to control the pest. Use decoctions and infusions from herbal remedies: medicinal chamomile, yarrow, tobacco or shag, garlic and others. For better adhesion of infusions to the leaves, it is necessary to add 40 grams of laundry or tar soap to 10 liters of water. The prepared solution should be sprayed over currant bushes. Pay more attention to the underside of the leaf and young shoots, where most pests are located.

If the redcurrant is damaged by leaf gall aphids, red swellings form on the upper side of the leaf. With severe damage, the leaves dry up and fall off, and the yield decreases.

The larvae of the gooseberry moth twine around clusters of berries with cobwebs and suck out the juice. The fight against the pest consists in the autumn digging of the soil into which the insect pupae go to winter, and in the processing of the bush before flowering with an infusion of shag or tobacco leaves.

The fungus "draws" on the leaves abstract compositions of spots with a brown border, on which black dots (spores) are scattered. You can help the plant by spraying with preparations containing copper. Affected branches must be cut.

before blooming

Growing watermelons in the country For the inhabitants of Ukraine, it is not particularly difficult to grow a watermelon, throughout its territory there are enough warm days a year for the ripening of a watermelon. Watermelon, as you know, is demanding on heat:

Currant disease anthracnose

Same as with anthracnose. A radical means of struggle is the destruction of sedge. How to deal with this disease.

Timely thinning of dense plantings.

Control measures

We will review with you all the main

For prevention purposes, spraying with nitrafen at the rate of 300 g per 10 liters of water can be used in the spring even before bud break. This will help destroy wintering aphid eggs and prevent other currant diseases.

The yellow gooseberry sawfly eats leaves. Control methods - spraying with pesticides (preferably from the underside of the leaf).

Red currant will thank its owner with a generous harvest. Diseases and pests will be neutralized by the skillful actions of a gardener lovingly caring for his green pets. Anthracnose

Doubleness (reversion) of blackcurrant

kidneys. The sediment that remains after filtering is scattered around the bush and slightly added dropwise. After 2 weeks, when the leaves bloom, make an infusion of onion peel and spray the bushes with it.

​Production of potato starch Production of potato starch - Potato has large starch grains, therefore it is a good raw material for the starch and syrup industry. Starch is made up of many

It affects the leaves of blackcurrant. The causative agent is a fungus that overwinters on fallen leaves. At the beginning of harvesting, small yellowish spots appear on the upper side of the leaves, on the underside, in places of spots, small bright orange pads. Subsequently, instead of pads, first orange, then brownish columns of spores, similar to brush hairs, are formed. By autumn, the infected leaves are completely covered with a brush of spores. Severely affected leaves fall prematurely, the shoots in this case do not ripen well, their winter hardiness decreases, and the crop is lost next year. In early spring or autumn, after the leaves fall, they are sprayed with a 3% solution of 60% nitrafen (30-40 kg / ha, bushes and soil under the bushes). In summer, a 0.4% suspension of 80% cuprosan (3-4 kg/ha) and 1% colloidal sulfur (3-4 kg/ha) are used. Sprayed before flowering, then after flowering and after 10-12 days, sprayed for the fourth time after picking berries, while the underside of the leaf is necessarily treated. Also use 1% Bordeaux mixture. Agrotechnical measures to protect against diseases are reduced to the collection and destruction of fallen leaves, timely digging and plowing the soil under the bushes, embedding the top layer to a depth of 10 cm, regular destruction of weeds, and thinning out dense plantings. Spraying with nitrofen solutions (200 r per 10 liters of water) in early spring. During the growing season, plantings can be treated with 1% Bordeaux liquid: before flowering and after picking berries, if necessary after flowering.

Currant goblet rust

​. ​ Currant diseases with photos

In addition to these methods, you can fight aphids on currants by cutting off all damaged red leaves and shoots on red currants. Currant glass-case lays eggs in cracks and mechanical damage to the bark at the base of the shoots. The caterpillars that appeared two weeks later penetrate the branches and gnaw through the core. The only way to fight is to remove damaged branches.​

Columnar rust of currant

Currants have a lot of enemies. They deprive us of the harvest and often spread diseases that are dangerous for currants.

Currant leaves and shoots become dry, as if burned. In this case, the bush must be treated with fungicides (antifungal drugs), such as Bordeaux liquid. Copper sulfate will also help in the fight against pests.

Thank you very much. I suspected that it was this disease. It is described in books, but there are no pictures. Can't save the berry this year? Muscovy ducks Muscovy ducks or "Indo-ducks" are one of the most productive types of poultry. This species is the most unpretentious of the entire duck kingdom, so it can be safely advised to anyone. Columnar rust develops very strongly on currants, near which weymouth pine or Siberian cedar grow as intermediate hosts of the disease. Primary infection occurs in the spring with spores that have overwintered on fallen leaves.

Redcurrant, whose diseases and treatment directly affect the quantity and quality of the crop, was cultivated by the Dutch in the 5th century, but only for aesthetic reasons. Due to its high decorative qualities, the shrub was used to decorate gardens. Currently, an unpretentious shrub plant is a permanent inhabitant of almost every land plot, delighting gardeners not only with decorative effect, but also with useful sweet and sour berries.

Due to the undemanding nature of the culture, the cultivation of red currants is suitable even for those gardeners who do not have the opportunity or desire to spend a lot of time and effort on care.

However, it is important that when planting seedlings, the characteristics of the culture are taken into account:

• Lighting - currants like to grow in open, well-lit areas where natural ventilation occurs.
• Soil - culture prefers loose, light soil with a neutral or slightly acidic reaction.
• Humidity - the shrub tolerates a fairly high level of groundwater.

Care for red currants in the open field

Comprehensive care for red currants involves the implementation of activities such as watering, caring for the near-trunk area, top dressing, pruning.

Watering and mulching

Currants need a lot of water in hot summer weather and after flowering, when the fruits are poured. To preserve moisture in the trunk circle, it is recommended to mulch with sawdust, which will also reduce the time for weeding and loosening.

Loosening and weeding

The soil in the trunk circle should, after moistening, be loosened and cleared of weeds. Procedures must be carried out carefully so as not to damage the surface root system of the culture.

Fertilization

Supplementary nutrition is an important part of care. To achieve high annual harvesting rates, it is necessary to enrich the soil with nutrients that are consumed by the crop during the growing season.

Top dressing is carried out several times per season:

• In early spring, 40-50 g of nitrogen-containing fertilizers are applied per 1 m2.
• Before flowering, top dressing is carried out with phosphorus and potash fertilizers at the rate of 20 g and 25 g per 1 m2, respectively.
• In autumn, each bush is fed with superphosphate in the amount of 100 g and potassium sulfate - 30 g, which allows the currant to endure the winter without stress.

pruning

The procedure is carried out in early spring before the buds swell or in late autumn, when the currant is already at rest. Young specimens are pruned to form a bush and remove injured or affected branches. After 6-7 years, anti-aging pruning is carried out, in which young shoots cannot be touched.

Major diseases and their treatment

Despite the resistance of currants to temperature extremes, harsh winters, and waterlogging of the soil, such factors weaken the culture, making it vulnerable to many diseases.

powdery mildew

If in the middle of the summer season, when examining a bush, a white coating is found on the leaf plates, which also extends to the fruits, this means that the plant has begun to develop a fungal disease of the sphere library, also known as powdery mildew. At an early stage of development, you can try to protect the bush with a double treatment with an interval of 3 days, using a solution prepared from 10 liters of water and one bottle of iodine at a concentration of 5%. In case of severe damage, spraying with Bordeaux liquid or other copper-containing preparations should be carried out according to the instructions.

Anthracnose

The summer period is also characterized by the appearance on the leaves of the culture of brownish spots with a diameter of 1 mm, which subsequently spread out, affecting the entire leaf along with the petiole. This causes the leaves to dry out and fall off. The most intensive development of anthracnose is observed in rainy weather. To combat the disease, a double treatment is carried out with a solution of Bordeaux liquid from 100 g of the agent per 10 liters of water - at the first signs of the disease and after picking the berries.

white spotting

In heavily thickened plantings, the development of white spotting or septoria is possible, which is manifested by the appearance of brown spots of 2 mm both on the leaves and on the fruits. As the disease progresses, the spots begin to turn white, and only the edge remains brown. At the first sign, it is necessary to spray the currants with Bordeaux liquid or a two-component systemic fungicide. After harvesting, the treatment must be repeated.

Columnar and goblet rust

On the currant, the development of two types of rust can be noted:

• Columnar - manifested by small specks of orange. The conifers growing near the infection can act as a source of infection.
• Goblet - stands out by the formation of orange warty bulges on the leaf plates.

To achieve the most effective result in the fight against rust, fungicide treatments are used, which are carried out in 4 stages with an interval of 10 days.

Drying of shoots and branches of currant

If, when examining currants, bushes that are less than 15 years old, no damage was found by pests and there is no moisture deficiency, then it is worth carrying out anti-aging pruning. All old shoots are cut off, and the places of cuts are treated with a garden pitch or other antiseptic.

Gray rot

A fungal disease, in which the appearance of brown spots on the leaves and mold on the shoots, develops intensively with excessive watering, accompanied by waterlogged soil. For the treatment of currants, copper-containing preparations are used.

striped mosaic

With yellowing of the leaves, a striped mosaic can be diagnosed. This happens if the leaf plate turns yellow along the central veins. The disease is viral, so there is no cure. Affected specimens are immediately uprooted and burned, after which the soil is watered with a disinfectant solution of potassium permanganate.

Terry

Another dangerous viral disease in which almost all parts of the bush are affected. In the affected specimen, the formation of three-lobed leaves, the grinding of teeth along the edges of the leaf plate, and genetic anomalies in the formation of all parts of the flower are noted. Due to the viral nature, the treatment of such a disease does not give results.

timely remove the affected branches;

treat the cut sites with an antiseptic;

treat currant bushes in early spring and after fruiting with Bordeaux liquid;

select the right neighbors when planting currant seedlings;

prepare planting material only from healthy specimens;

after leaf fall, rake up all the leaves and destroy.

Important! With viral diseases that cannot be treated, prevention is the main measure to protect the plant.

Plant pests: how to fight?

Often, pests of red currant become carriers of diseases, among which are:

• currant goldfish;
• glass case;
• spider mite;
• currant moth;
• gooseberry moth;
• sawfly;
• moth.

The most effective way to help protect the plant from the entire list of harmful insects is the treatment of currant bushes with insecticidal preparations "Aktellik", "Karbofos" and other analogues. And also, one should not forget about additional mechanical measures that help reduce the number of pests: pruning and burning the affected branches, where the larvae of the borer hibernate, cleaning the fallen leaves, which serves as a good bedding for the overwintering stock of pests.

Thus, the cultivation of red currants, subject to all the nuances, is a simple matter, and the result of a rich harvest compensates for the time and energy spent on caring for a crop that, at the same time, has excellent decorative qualities.

This article presents the main diseases and pests of currants, as well as effective methods of dealing with them.

The main currant diseases, their symptoms

Against the background of improper agricultural practices, when choosing unstable varieties and in adverse weather conditions, currant plants are affected by a variety of diseases, the most harmful of which are as follows.

In seasons with humid, warm weather, the berries are attacked by a fungus from the powdery mildew order. Recovered plants lag behind in development and often completely freeze out in winter. Typical signs of injury are:

1. The onset of the disease occurs at the end of flowering bushes when a light gray, erasable coating similar to flour appears on the tender tops.
2. Diseased leaves remain small, undeveloped and dry out on the branches.
3. Infected shoots are bent, stop growing, their resistance to heat and frost decreases.

Important! Excessive application of nitrogen fertilizers under currant bushes sharply reduces their resistance to powdery mildew.

Contributes to the development of this fungal disease damp weather, thickening of plantings, the presence of weeds. The development of anthracnose is characterized by the following symptoms:

1. The pathogen mainly affects the leaves, petioles and stalks.
2. The first sign of the onset of the disease is the presence of small, a few millimeters in diameter, brown spots.
3. After a while, ulcers appear at the site of the spots., diseased leaves dry up and crumble.

Important! The anthracnose fungus overwinters in fallen leaves, so one of the effective measures to prevent the disease is the autumn collection and disposal of foliage.

Terry currant

A specific currant disease is caused by viruses and can completely destroy the berry, it is carried by pests: ticks, aphids, bedbugs. The main signs of infection are as follows:

1. The formation of a large number of shortened shoots, the so-called "panicles".
2. Leaves lose their specific currant smell, become rough, shiny, veiny.
3. Flowers and perianths turn into small narrow petals of a rich lilac color., the pistil becomes thinner and takes on a filamentous appearance.
4. Berry set stops, the development of the plant is delayed for up to 2 weeks.

Important! You should be careful when purchasing planting material, as the virus can penetrate the area with seedlings and cuttings.

White leaf spot

Fungal disease mainly affects blackcurrant leaves, less often than other species. The pathogen overwinters in fallen leaves, and with the onset of warm weather, it moves to the living parts of the plant. Spotting is determined when such changes are detected:

1. The appearance of small round brown spots on the leaves, which increase over time, turning into white spots with a clear brown border.
2. The disease can manifest itself in the form of the same spots on berries and shoots. which later begin to rot.
3. With severe infection and favorable for the development of the fungus In weather conditions, the bushes massively shed their leaves, the crop is often lost.

Important! Diseased leaves reduce the activity of photosynthesis, which weakens the plant, and if severely damaged, leads to its death.

goblet rust

The spores of the rust pathogen fungus that develop on weeds in the spring with gusts of wind are brought to the currant bushes, infecting the foliage. The disease is characterized by the following specific features:

1. The appearance of small yellow tubercles on the leaves, which eventually turn into distinct orange-red dense swelling.
2. These goblet-shaped elevations eventually die off and fall out., resulting in injured, non-developing leaves.
3. In severe infestations, leaves, ovaries and fruits fall off, the main crop is lost.

Important! The weed carrier of rust is sedge, which is easy to identify by its characteristic triangular stem. Mowing this weed will prevent currant rust diseases.

Effective ways to fight disease

One of the mandatory methods in the fight against diseases is the following:

• Collection of affected leaves and ovaries.
• Cutting diseased branches and ends of shoots.
• Digging the ground under the bushes.
• All collected infected parts of the plant must be disposed of by burning or burying in the ground to a depth of at least 1 meter.

In the event of viral diseases, the mechanical destruction of infected plants and planting material remains the only way to prevent the spread of infection.

To prevent the development of currant diseases and treat in case of infection, successive treatments with the following drugs are effective.

colloidal sulfur

To combat powdery mildew, a 0.5% suspension of colloidal sulfur is used, treating shrubs in 5 terms:

• before flowering;
• immediately after flowering;
• 10 days after flowering;
• 20 days after flowering;
• after harvest.

Advice. To prepare a 0.5% suspension of colloidal sulfur, take 50 g of sulfur powder, stir in a small amount of warm water to a mushy state, then gradually add water to a total volume of 10 liters.

Bordeaux liquid

Spraying with a 1% solution of this drug is effective for the treatment and prevention of anthracnose, spotting, rust. The main processing is carried out in 3 terms:

• immediately after flowering;
• 10 days after flowering;
• after harvest.

Advice. To properly prepare a 1% solution of Bordeaux liquid, you need to take 100 g of copper sulfate, 150 g of quicklime per 10 liters of water. diluted in a separate container in 3 liters of warm water, lime is quenched in the same amount of water in another vessel. Then gradually the solution of vitriol is poured into the lime suspension, thoroughly stirred, filtered and the finished product is brought to 10 liters of volume.

Bordeaux mixture is successfully replaced with solutions of 0.3% copper oxychloride or systemic fungicides, such as Topsin M, Topaz, Strobi, Saprol.

Currant pests, signs of their appearance

A variety of currant pests not only cause damage to all parts of plants, weakening them and destroying the crop, but also often serve as a background for the development of currant diseases, and sometimes as carriers of viruses. The most dangerous pests are discussed below.

Currant bud mite

A characteristic feature of infection is the hibernation of the tick directly in the affected kidneys. External signs of damage to currants are as follows:

1. Tick-infested buds do not open in spring, swell unnaturally and dry out.
2. Ticks born in a dead bud move to other shoots, infecting new buds, where they can give another 1-2 generations.
3. Infected with a small number of mites, the buds open, forming underdeveloped shortened shoots, the bushes do not ripen and are subject to freezing.

Important! The pest is a carrier of the terry virus, so signs of tick damage are often accompanied by symptoms of this disease.

An omnivorous pest that greatly weakens the bushes, overwinters on the shoots and can subsequently develop on all parts of the plant. Young shoots and leaves are most susceptible to damage.

1. Generations of insects emerge from eggs in spring, and when warm and humid weather sets in, they multiply rapidly, and the settlement is undulating.
2. Sexually mature light green individuals are visible to the naked eye., colonies are more often localized on the underside of leaves and tops of shoots.
3. Affected leaves swell in the form of light bubbles, the shoots are bent and remain undeveloped.

Important! Aphids suck the juice from the green parts of plants, serve as a carrier of viral infections, and can significantly damage berries.

Currant goldfish and glass

Insect larvae of these species infect currant branches and in a short time, with a strong infection, they can completely destroy plantations. Determine the presence of pests as follows:

1. Suspicion of damage by larvae should arise if in the spring the gardener observes withering and drying currant shoots.
2. Cutting along such an escape, you can see inside an oblong dark passage, in which there is either a legless larva of the currant beetle or a white caterpillar of the currant glass.
3. Larvae of both species pupate in May., years occur in June, and the larvae hatch again in July, damaging the shoots.

Important! Pests hibernate inside the shoots, so it is necessary to inspect the berries on time and regularly, destroying the infected branches.

Pest control

Cutting and burning damaged shoots, digging the soil under the bushes remain the main measures to reduce damage from pests in currant plantings.

For the comprehensive protection of berry growers, mandatory treatments are performed in the following periods:

After bud break

Against aphids, a 0.1% emulsion of 25% anometrin-N, solutions of decis, confidor or calypso are used in concentrations according to the instructions of the preparations.

Important! Treatments against aphids and other pests should be combined with fungicides against fungal diseases if the time periods overlap.

Before flowering and immediately after

Colloidal sulfur treatments contribute to the destruction of not only the powdery mildew fungus, but also have a detrimental effect on the currant mite. To do this, spray the bushes and the ground under them with a 0.5% sulfur suspension prepared according to the above recipe.

20 days after flowering

Spray currant bushes from goldfish and glassware with 0.9% emulsion of 10% karbofos, 0.3% chlorophos solution or BI-58 preparation. The use of drugs during this period is effective in foci of high prevalence of pests, since the years of sexually mature individuals occur.

Important! Processing should be carried out no later than 30 days before harvest.

Folk remedies in the fight against diseases and pests of currants

Limiting the use of pesticides significantly increases the environmental friendliness of the crop; in many cases, folk remedies are quite effective and much more affordable than modern chemical remedies.

With the defeat of aphids, mites, and other sucking pests, treatments with herbal preparations prepared according to the following recipes are effective:

• Fresh garlic in a mass of 100-200 g is ground into a meat grinder, pour 10 liters of water, filter and immediately process the affected plants.
• Onion peel weighing 200 g pour 10 liters of water and insist 4-5 days.
• dandelion leaves(400 g) or plants with roots (200 g) pour 10 liters of water heated to 40 ° C and leave for 2 hours.

Important! All infusions must be carefully filtered before use.

To combat goldfish and glassware at the same time as when treating with pesticides, that is, 20 days after flowering, the following means are used:

• Soap emulsion prepared from the calculation 200 g of crushed laundry soap in 10 liters of warm water.
• A decoction of wormwood is prepared from 1 kg of wilted raw materials, pour it with 2-3 liters of warm water and boil over low heat for 15 minutes, leaving it to infuse for 5-6 hours. The volume is brought to 10 l of water and the plants are treated.
• Green tops of potatoes(1 kg) are crushed, pour 10 liters of water and infuse for 4 hours.
• During the summer, insects set traps with fruit syrups., periodically check them and destroy pests.

Important! All infusions and decoctions of plants are used in cloudy weather, in the morning or in the evening, to avoid burns.

Rules of care and preventive measures

In order for currant plantings to be healthy and invariably please the harvest, it is necessary to adhere to a number of simple rules for caring for plants:

1. Mandatory agricultural practices are:
   • planting seedlings with deepening of the root collar by 3-5 cm and cutting off the shoots so that 2-3 buds remain above the ground;
   • timely watering and mulching of the soil with peat, compost or humus;
   • replacement of bushes older than 7 years old with young plants;
   • correct annual pruning, in which 2-3 best basal shoots are left every year, and the rest are cut out.
2. You can not make fresh manure for planting currants, you should carefully use nitrogen fertilizers. The best top dressing for berry growers is the introduction of humus and wood ash for digging.
3. Foliage collection in autumn, remove berries dried on the bushes, dig up the aisles.
4. Before the start of frost should be inspected and scrape off the loose bark on the branches and burn it.
5. In the spring, before the juice begins to move, old and diseased shoots affected by powdery mildew, mites or insect larvae are cut out. The cut sites are disinfected with a 1% solution of copper sulphate and covered with garden pitch.

   Advice. The introduction of wood ash under currant bushes as a combined phosphorus-potassium fertilizer will increase the resistance of plants to powdery mildew.

6. During the growing season, bushes are regularly inspected, branches affected by larvae and buds inhabited by mites are destroyed.

   Advice. You can save a valuable currant variety even with a strong infection with a kidney mite. To do this, cut off all the old infected branches, leaving a few annual shoots that bend down and sprinkle with earth. In the buried kidneys, the tick cannot develop and move to new kidneys. Healthy young stems grow from the sprinkled areas, thus, uninfected layers are formed.

7. A mandatory measure of disease prevention is the purchase of healthy planting material from certified producers, as well as the choice of the most resistant varieties for the region.
8. Regular treatments with chemical or herbal remedies carried out within the required time frame will create a healthy phytosanitary background on the site and will contribute to the guaranteed production of a quality crop.

The causative agent of such a disease of red currant as goblet rust - fungus Puccinia ribesiicaricis f. ribis Kleb. The fungus-causative agent hibernates on sedges, in spring spores infect berries. In late May - early June, convex bright yellow spots appear on the leaves and petioles on the upper side. On them, when a disease appears on currant leaves, on the underside of the leaf blade, goblet-shaped spores are formed (hence the name of the disease).

Affected leaves and berries fall off by mid-summer, so the signs of the disease disappear. The disease of berries with rust is facilitated by their placement in the lowlands, where sedges grow, on which the infection persists. Goblet rust is constantly found on currants.

Control measures. Compliance with the requirements of cultivation agrotechnics, timely mowing of sedges in low areas, collection of plant residues. Preventive spraying of bushes with 1% Bordeaux mixture or its substitutes during the period of leaf blooming, and with a strong manifestation of columnar rust again, after picking berries, with the same preparations.

Look at the manifestation of this currant disease in the photo, which illustrates typical signs:

Columnar rust: black and red currant leaf disease (with photo)

The causative agent of columnar rust is a fungus Cronartium ribicola f. Ribis Dieter. This fungus has two hosts. The causative agent of currant leaf disease overwinters on Siberian cedar and Weymouth pine, causing the formation of elongated tumors on tables and branches. Spores are formed on them, which in the spring re-infect the berries.

By the middle of summer, when blackcurrant leaves are diseased, yellow brown spots appear on their upper side, and numerous bright orange sporulation pads develop on their lower side. With a strong lesion of the disease, the leaves of the red currant turn brown, dry out and fall off prematurely.

The development cycle of the fungus is complex: in the summer on currants and gooseberries, it goes through three stages of its development and in the fall again infects pine or cedar growing nearby. The infection persists in affected conifers and plant debris.

Control measures. Compliance with the requirements of agricultural cultivation, spatial isolation of bushes from conifers, collection of plant residues. Preventive spraying of bushes with a 1% Bordeaux mixture or its substitutes during leaf blooming, and with a strong manifestation of columnar rust - again, after picking berries, with the same preparations.

Look at the signs of currant leaf disease in the photo, by which you can identify the infection in your backyard:

Septoria - blackcurrant disease in spring (with photo)

The causative agent of blackcurrant disease is a fungus Septoria ribis Desm. It affects both currants and gooseberries. Already in early June, small, rounded or angular, brown spots with a red-brown border appear on the leaves, gradually brightening in the center. In the necrotic tissue of Septoria, dotted fruiting bodies of the overwintering stage, pycnidia, are formed.

In case of currant disease in spring, shoots and berries are also affected, on which small brown spots appear. The disease causes mass drying and falling of leaves, the buds on the affected shoots do not bloom, and the yield is significantly reduced. The infection persists in the bark of affected shoots and in plant debris.

Control measures. Collection of plant debris. Preventive annual spraying of gooseberry bushes before flowering and, if necessary, after harvesting with a 1% Bordeaux mixture or its substitutes.

Look at the manifestations of this currant disease in the photo, which illustrates the characteristic signs:

Brown spot - a disease of whitecurrant bushes

The causative agent of currant bush disease is a fungus Cercospora ribicola Ell. et Ev. In the middle of summer, with spotting, brown spots of irregular shape with a light middle appear on the leaves. The spots gradually increase and merge, a brown rim remains along the edge of the spot.

On the necrotic tissue of the spots on both sides, a gentle brownish coating of sporulation of the fungus is formed. With a strong lesion with a white currant disease, the leaves dry out prematurely and fall off, which greatly reduces the yield and frost resistance of the bushes. The infection persists in the affected plant debris.

Control measures

Anthracnose - red currant diseases and their control (with photo)

The causative agent is a fungus Gloeosporium ribis Mont. et Desm. The first signs of the disease appear towards the end of the flowering of currants, while the peak occurs in the second half of summer (July-August). Leaves, petioles, young shoots and even berries, both currants and gooseberries, are affected. Initially, small light isolated spots appear with glossy tubercles of sporulation. Then the spots turn brown, merge, forming very large areas of the affected tissue.

We invite you to learn more about these red currant diseases and their control on the page below, where effective control measures and illustrations of signs of infection are suggested.

During the summer, several generations of the fungus with a large number of spores develop on the leaves. On petioles and young shoots, anthracnose appears as small gray-brown sores; small gray crusts can also form on berries. The growth of shoots of the affected bushes is greatly slowed down, premature fall of the leaves is noted, and the yield decreases. The infection persists in the bark of affected shoots and in plant debris.

Control measures the same as against currant septoria.

Look at the diseases of red currant in the photo, which shows the characteristic signs of anthracnose:

Terry - spring disease of kidneys and currant berries

The causative agent of terry - phytoplasma. Black, red and white currants are affected. The first signs of currant spring disease appear in the spring, but mass symptoms are noticeable a year or two after infection. The infection proceeds in a latent (latent) form, and before the appearance of "double" flowers, infected bushes are a source of infection.

Budding and flowering are delayed on diseased bushes, leaves, flowers, and shoots are deformed. Leaves from five-lobed turn into three-lobed, with large sparse teeth. The leaves become smaller and become asymmetrical, often there is a light green edging of the veins. On affected bushes with kidney disease, currant shoots become larger, but they are shorter and thinner than usual, the smell specific to black currant disappears.

The flowers turn from sympetalous to separate-petaled, pubescence decreases. Instead of petals, stamens and sepals, small narrow purple scales develop. The pistil becomes filiform, and the ovary is superior. Of the "double" flowers, berries are not tied at all or small and ugly ones are formed. The infection persists in affected plants. It is transmitted with planting material, with cuttings taken from diseased bushes. Mycoplasma is carried from plant to plant by a bud mite.

Control measures with currant berry disease include the use of healthy planting material, compliance with all agrotechnical requirements for growing crops, pruning of individual branches with symptoms of doubleness, culling of heavily affected bushes, removal of swollen buds inhabited by ticks. Spraying bushes against a tick with one of the drugs: Fufanon, Kemifos, Aktellik, Akarin, Fitoverm.

Green mottled currant

The causative agent is cucumber mosaic virus. Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) . On young leaves, a pale green dotted, mosaic pattern appears, which is well expressed already when the leaves bloom. Later, in summer, watery pale green stripes appear along the main veins, which can be seen in the light.

In red currants, the virus causes severe yellowing in the central part of the leaf, near the petiole; leaves can be deformed, often young shoots dry up. The disease spreads with planting material, it is also carried by aphids that inhabit currants. Perennial weeds can serve as reservoirs of the virus.

Control measures. The use of healthy planting material, compliance with all agrotechnical requirements for growing crops, culling of heavily affected bushes, weeding. Spraying bushes against aphids with one of the drugs: Fufanon, Kemifos, Aktellik, Kinmiks, Spark, Inta-Vir.

Marginal necrosis of currant leaves

Marginal necrosis, or death of the edges of the leaves, currant is a non-infectious disease caused by an excess of chlorine in the soil. By the end of summer, the edges of the leaves acquire an ash-gray color in the form of a wide dry strip, which differs sharply from healthy tissue. The disease has symptoms of potassium starvation, but differs from the latter: there is a clear boundary between healthy and dried tissue, and the affected areas are lighter in color. Necrosis is observed on black and red currants and gooseberries.

Control measures. At the first symptoms of the disease, a double (at the beginning of the growing season and immediately after flowering) root feeding of plants with ammonium nitrate is carried out.

Watch currant diseases in the video, which demonstrates the basic principles of dealing with them:

Currant bushes, which once delighted you with an abundance of harvest, are withering right before your eyes? Apparently, currant diseases have not bypassed your plantings either. In order to respond in time and take the necessary measures to save your favorite garden crop, read our article on what diseases affect the plant and how to deal with them.

Article outline

Disease prevention

An integrated approach to the processing of currant bushes twice a season (in autumn and spring) will help prevent, and sometimes completely avoid infection of the plant with various viral, fungal diseases and pests.

How to process currants in spring?

Due to the early onset of sap flow, preventive measures to improve the bushes of the plant are carried out in early spring before the buds swell. The fight against pests and diseases of black and red currants begins with a "hot shower".

To irrigate three bushes, you will need 10 liters of hot water at 80 degrees. Upon completion of watering, the bushes must be carefully inspected and dry branches, buds affected by the mite should be removed, the soil at the base of the bush should be cleaned of weed residues and last year's leaves (a favorite wintering place for pest larvae).

• For preventive purposes, the bush and the ground under it must be treated or nitrofen. Such spraying will reduce the risk of infection by 70%. Processing is important to carry out before bud break.
• Currants are also useful, aimed at destroying fungal spores, and during the period of active growth, the bush can be sprayed regularly (1 time in 2 weeks).

Important! In order for the currant bushes to endure the spraying procedure against the bud mite without compromising health, the plant is treated at a temperature above +20 degrees. At lower thermometer readings, you need to wrap the bushes in transparent polyethylene.

Preventive treatment in autumn

Before processing, it is necessary to carry out a thorough pruning of the plant, during which old branches are removed (at least 2/3 of the total length), branches (withered, dry) and buds affected by spider mites are cut out.

Choose a warm, clear, windless day for spraying. Agricultural technicians offer two options for preventive treatment: or a 2% solution of karbofos.

Preventive measures significantly reduce the likelihood of many diseases, in particular fungal infections.

Diseases: description with photo and methods of treatment

There are a number of common diseases that threaten all types of currants, including black, red and white berries.

Anthracnose

Symptoms: the appearance on the surface of the leaves of small red and brown spots with almost dark tubercles in the center, later the affected leaves wither and fall off.

Treatment:

Spraying currants on the leaf with Bordeaux mixture is carried out twice: the first treatment is carried out immediately after the signs of the disease are detected, the second - after harvesting.

Fallen leaves must be collected and destroyed. In no case should young currant seedlings be planted in the place where the anthracnose shrub grew.

powdery mildew

Symptoms: loose white coating on the leaves, gradually spreading to the berries.

Treatment:

A fungal disease, if detected in a timely manner, can be cured by spraying the bush with the biological preparation "".

For the treatment of powdery mildew, you can use a folk remedy: dilute a bottle of iodine in a bucket of water and spray currants on a leaf every four days.

Rust

Symptoms: orange rust spots on leaves.

Treatment:

Fungicides of various levels are used against rust:

• "Fitosporin",
• Bordeaux liquid.

To fully restore the plant, four sprayings with an interval of 10 days will be required.

Septoria

Symptoms: currant leaf disease manifests itself in the form of numerous brown spots.

Treatment:

An effective remedy for fungal leaf disease is: dilute 40 g of the drug in 10 liters of water.

Sferoteka

Symptoms: leaf deformation, persistent white bloom covering the entire surface of the shrub.

Treatment:

At the initial stage of the disease, you can use the folk method of treatment: dilute 50 g of grated laundry soap and 50 g of soda ash in 10 liters of water. Spraying is carried out several times until complete cure with an interval of 5 days.

In a neglected case, use in 10 liters of water.

striped mosaic

Symptoms: Leaf veins are duplicated in orange or yellow.

Treatment:

Viral disease is not curable. When a mosaic is found, the diseased plant is immediately uprooted, leaving no root stumps, and burned.

Blackcurrant is characterized by weak immunity, therefore, it needs regular preventive spraying and proper care. Among the common diseases of the culture, there is a disease that affects only shrubs with black berries:

Reversion (terry)

Symptoms: leaf deformation (asymmetry, three-lobed leaves), flower petals elongate, leaf color changes to purple, the plant does not bear fruit.

Treatment:

A plant infected with a mutation virus is not treatable and can infect nearby blackcurrant plantings. In order to avoid large losses, it would be more appropriate to remove the diseased bush with the root and burn it.

Unlike black, red currant gets sick less often and staunchly resists viruses, doing without preventive treatments for a long time. However, do not neglect the rules of caring for the plant. Red and white currants can become infected with a fungal disease:

Nectrium shrinkage of shoots

Symptoms: the formation of bumpy orange specks on the surface of the shoots, which gradually grow, and darken during the ripening period of fungal spores.

Treatment:

If you postpone treatment indefinitely, you can lose the whole plant. Also be prepared for the fact that young shoots affected by nectar drying cannot be saved.

As soon as you notice the first signs of the disease, immediately remove all infected shoots and treat the cut sites with garden pitch or Bordeaux liquid.

In most cases, plant diseases can only be cured if the grower reacts immediately to the first symptoms of plant infection.

Disease resistant varieties

As a result of breeding work, to date, many varieties have been bred that have natural immunity to a number of common currant diseases and pests.

Varieties of blackcurrant

Katyusha

For the Belarusian variety, neither powdery mildew nor anthracnose is terrible. Fragrant berries have an oval shape; the owner of this variety annually manages to get a bountiful harvest.

Klussonovskaya

The best option for planting if powdery mildew and bud mites have become the main problem of the site.

Kupalinka

The Belarusian variety of thin-skinned blackcurrant, which is not susceptible to infection by mites and powdery mildew, has similar characteristics.

Vavilov's memory

This variety is not afraid of three diseases: powdery mildew and anthracnose (high degree of resistance), bud mite (medium resistance).

Selechenskaya

A native of the Russian selection is characterized by a large berry and a high degree of resistance to American powdery mildew. Bud mites and anthracnose affect the variety quite rarely.

Titania

The Swiss variety has strong immunity and does not lend itself to anthracnose and powdery mildew, and also has an average resistance to mite infection. The Belarusian variety Ceres has similar properties.

Temptation

Blackcurrant with a surprisingly large sweet berry (up to 3.5g) is not afraid of either powdery mildew or all sorts of spotting.

Varieties of red currant

Natalie

A high-yielding variety is not susceptible to powdery mildew and anthracnose.

Rondom

This variety of red currant easily resists powdery mildew.

Gazelle

A compact bush will please the owner with an abundance of crops and strong immunity to various fungal diseases of currants.

Dutch pink

One of the tastiest varieties of red currant is relatively resistant to gall aphids and fungal infection.

When choosing a variety, one cannot rely only on the resistance of plants to various diseases or pests, it is important to take into account the requirements for care and the degree of winter hardiness.

Experience of summer residents

Black and red currants are widely known for their beneficial properties, so every gardener in our country has at least one bush of this incredibly tasty berry. In the process of caring for berry crops, many summer residents face a number of problems, including fungal and viral diseases. We present to your attention the recommendations of gardeners on how to deal with certain types of diseases:

Victor:

“I planted currant bushes in different parts of my plot so that in case of a disease, especially a viral one, the rest of the bushes would not be affected.

Personally encountered powdery mildew. And here's the recipe that worked for me:

Pour one teaspoon of 1% copper sulfate into a bucket of clean water. Processed once. The bush began to recover and actively began to grow.

For those who grow currants in one continuous strip, where the plants are in contact with each other, I would advise you not to neglect prevention. If a dangerous virus wanders into the site, like a mosaic, not a single bush can be saved!

Andrey:

“Weakened currant bushes growing on poor soils will be more susceptible to all sorts of ailments. In general, a strong healthy bush develops excellent immunity to viruses and even fungi, so I always feed the plant in the third year after planting seedlings.

I do the first dressing in the spring, as soon as I notice that sap flow has begun. For early spring top dressing, a nitrogen-containing composition is necessary. Nitrogen helps the shrub grow green mass, naturally a plant with a well-developed vegetative mass will receive more nutrition and stay healthy for a long time. But you can’t overdo it with nitrogen: it’s enough for one bush.

The second top dressing falls on the phase of berry formation. This time I use fertilizer with phosphorus and potassium. I was advised a very convenient way: we apply dry fertilizer to a shallow depth around the perimeter of the bush and spill it with water.

And during the entire period of growth of currants and gooseberries, I throw potato peelings for a large berry to the bush. The fact is that these plants are very fond of starch, so such a simple fertilizer will help increase the yield.

Diseases of red currant are a frequent phenomenon, despite the increased immunity of the plant and its good resistance to many diseases. The article provides a description of various diseases of red currant, as well as a description of ways to combat pests of this crop.

Red currant leaf diseases

Red currant leaf disease can manifest itself in a wide variety of cases. Even proper care, which consists in the regularity of preventive measures, cannot always guarantee the health of your favorite berry.

Climatic conditions, terrain and soil features in which a plant grows can have the most detrimental effect on it. And it often happens like this: at first glance, it seems that there are no factors provoking the disease, however, if we consider them together, it turns out that the reason lies in several of them at once.

Most currant diseases are fungal or viral in nature. Bacterial type lesions are quite rare, although they also occur. Many of them can be cured, however, there are a number of diseases, after the defeat of which the plant will have to not only be removed from the garden, but also to destroy all traces of its stay.

In order for the treatment of red currant diseases to be effective and successful, it must be started on time. To do this, you should regularly diagnose the condition of green pets in the garden. Daily inspections will help to quickly determine the source of infection and take adequate measures in time.

Important! In most cases, treatment is the relief of obvious manifestations of the disease and its further preventive support.

Consider descriptions of red currant diseases using specific examples with photographs.

goblet rust

The symptoms of this disease are not immediately noticed, since everything occurs on the underside of the leaves of the red currant. During normal inspection, it is not possible to detect a problem.

An interesting fact is that redcurrant is only a temporary host of the fungus. To continue its development, the fungus needs to spray spores. This happens at the moment when the dying leaf falls from the bush. Further development of the rust fungus occurs on a different host.

Goblet rust is a very unpleasant disease. It can lead to a loss of 50% to 70% of the crop. Most often, plants growing near natural reservoirs and in conditions of high humidity are susceptible to it.

powdery mildew

The most common disease of all gooseberries is powdery mildew, often called a sphere library. Fortunately, it is red currant that has the highest resistance to this disease. And, nevertheless, cases of the disease are recorded, although infrequently.

The main risk group is young plants up to 3 years old. Symptoms of the disease are manifested in the covering of the affected areas with a white coating of a fairly solid consistency, turning brown and even more hardening with time.

With the further development of the disease, the leaves become deformed and the berries disappear. In addition, advanced cases of powdery mildew lead to a decrease in the immunity of the plant, it may die.

Anthracnose

The main symptom of this redcurrant disease is red leaves. The causative agent is an ascomycete fungus.

Usually red spots are just the beginning of the disease. They look like small (up to 3 mm) tubercles and are mainly located on the lower row of leaves.

Over time, their hue changes to orange. At the same time, partial lesions merge into large spots that occupy most of the leaf surface and are bordered by a purple border.

With the further development of the disease, anthracnose covers not only the leaves, but also other parts of the plant. Almost all plants that are above the soil can be affected by the fungus. Fruits affected by a fungal infection are also affected by ascomycetes and rot.

The disease is easily transmitted from affected plants to healthy ones through plant debris, fruits and seeds, as well as through the soil.

The prevalence of the disease has a fairly wide range. For example, the temperate climate zone is almost entirely at risk. A favorable condition for the development of anthracnose is high humidity (up to 90%), moderate temperature (+ 20-22 ° C) and frequent precipitation, so it is much less common in southern and arid regions.

Terry

Another name for the disease is reversion. Its causative agent is still unknown. It is assumed that such changes in the tissues of red currants are caused by a virus, although there is evidence that the disease may also be fungal.

Despite the fact that black currants are more likely to be affected by this disease, approximately one in ten cases of reversion occur in red currants.

There can be several sources of the spread of the disease:

• infected planting material;
• kidney and flower mites;
• in rare cases, aphids.

The symptoms of the disease are very unusual. The appearance of the plant changes significantly, in particular, the leaves become three-lobed, the veins and denticles along the edges of the leaves become more textured. The size of the leaves also changes - they sometimes decrease by 1.5-2 times.

The flowers are significantly deformed - instead of them, outgrowths of a purple hue are formed. The number of leaves increases, deformed shoots appear. The bush may look uneven, skewed, asymmetrical. In general, in some cases it is impossible even to say whether it is red currant or not.

It is noted that in dry periods, terry is practically not manifested. But in conditions of high humidity it is observed quite often.

Septoria

Another name for this disease is gray spotting. The symptomatology of the disease is the appearance of a large number of red-brown spots on the leaves of the currant. As the disease progresses, the affected area increases in size and takes on the shape of a circle. The border of the spot has an interesting feature: the spots on it have a distinct white color in the central part.

Over time, the foliage completely falls off the plant, even those leaves on which the lesion was not visually observed. It is believed that there are no varieties of red currant that are immune to septoria, although, as is the case with other diseases, not red, but black currants are more often affected.

Diseases of the bark of red currant

In addition to leaf diseases, red currants are rarely exposed to bark diseases. Consider red currant bark diseases with photographs.

Phomopsiosis

With this disease, there is a sudden withering of the part of the branch located above the lesion. Along with the branch, naturally, the leaves also wither. At the same time, the core of the shoot remains unchanged and does not even change its color in any way. The cause of this disease is a fungus that lives in the bark. It may not manifest itself for several years, but with the advent of normal conditions, it is activated.

One focus of phomopsiosis is enough to damage the entire plant. With the defeat of this disease, the shoot is completely lost.

tuberculosis

A disease that also has a fungal nature. Visually, the darkening of entire sections of the shoots is observed, while, similarly to phomopsiosis, only the bark is affected. However, unlike it, the complete drying of the shoot does not occur, that is, the process of the course of the disease is reversible.

The leaves on the affected stem become lethargic and wrinkled, the flowers fall off, and the fruits, if they have time to start, dry up. The life cycle of the fungus that causes tuberculosis is two years, that is, if timely measures are not taken, the situation will repeat itself next year.

Methods of treatment and prevention of diseases

Consider how the treatment of red currant diseases and their prevention is carried out, the most important points for clarity will be illustrated by a photo.

Treatment of already advanced forms of diseases, especially fungal ones, is ineffective and, most likely, will already be meaningless. Therefore, in most cases, therapy procedures will be reduced to removing damaged areas from the plant and destroying damaged areas, disinfecting the cut points and taking various preventive measures.

So, the treatment of anthracnose is reduced to the treatment of leaves several times a month with solutions of Bordeaux mixture at a concentration of 1%. An alternative to this method is the use of Nitrafen, the effectiveness of which is several times higher than the treatment with Bordeaux mixture.

Important! Nitrafen dissolves in the soil for a long time. It is not recommended to apply it more than one cycle per season.

Similar measures are being taken for the treatment of other fungal diseases. And powdery mildew, and goblet rust, and in general all fungi stop their development and spread quite well when treated with Bordeaux mixture.

In some cases, a solution of ferrous sulfate is also used at a concentration of 3-5%.

The use of a solution of colloidal sulfur at a concentration of 1% against powdery mildew has also proved to be quite good. Usually in such doses it is used for prophylactic purposes, and when exposed directly to the affected areas, the concentration is increased to 2%.

Gray spot and diseases of the bark of red currant, in addition to the considered traditional means, can also be treated with special means, for example, Fundazol or Topaz, as well as their analogues.

To combat reversion, garlic infusion is used (100 g of crushed garlic is poured with warm water), which is sprayed on plants a week after flowering. Processing is repeated several times with a frequency of 2 weeks.

However, it is not the drug that wins the disease, but the immune system. To do this, the plant needs to create certain conditions so that it can cope with any problem on its own. Consider what preventive measures are needed in order to help currants overcome possible diseases or avoid infection altogether:

1. Already at the stage of planting and selecting seedlings, it is necessary to carefully choose planting material in order to prevent uninvited guests from the kingdom of mushrooms from appearing on the site.
2. It is advisable to disinfect the seedlings before planting. Usually, one immersion for no more than 5 minutes in a solution of copper sulfate with a concentration of 1% is sufficient, followed by rinsing it with water.
3. Landing should be carried out in those places where there were no other gooseberries before, in order to avoid the ingress of fungal spores from plants that lived there before.
4. Fallen leaves should be removed from the site and destroyed.
5. The soil within a radius of at least 50 cm from the bushes must be constantly loosened and dug up. Ideally, it is desirable to use mulching with a mulching material change cycle at least once a month.
6. At the very beginning and just before the end of the season (the time when insect vectors of fungal diseases are especially active), plants should be sprayed with a 1% solution of Bordeaux mixture or iron sulfate.
7. During the summer season, similar spraying should be carried out up to 4 times with a frequency of 2-3 weeks or in conjunction with the agrotechnical cycle of the crop:

• the first spraying - before the start of budding;
• the second - immediately after flowering;
• the third - 1-2 weeks after the second;
• the fourth - immediately after the harvest.

By carrying out such activities, you can be guaranteed to save yourself from 90% of cases of various redcurrant diseases appearing on the site.

Red currant pests

In addition to diseases, some types of pests are also dangerous for red currants, which can not only feed on the juices and fruits of the plant, but also be carriers of many of the diseases listed earlier.

Consider the most common redcurrant pests and their control.

Gallic (redcurrant) aphid

The most annoying pest of all. Its peculiarity is that it causes damage to the leaves on the tops of the shoots and can damage the growth cone, after which the entire shoot may die. The result of the work of this pest is the appearance of red tubercles on young leaves at the top of the shoots.

A frequently growing colony of pests also passes to other leaves, their spread rate is so high that literally within 1-2 days the entire bush can be affected. That is why it is necessary to carefully inspect the plant daily for the appearance of various pests.

Zlatka currant

Also a nasty pest. First of all, it is unpleasant because for its destruction it is required to use insecticides that are potentially dangerous to humans. Zlatka is a small pest, which is a small bug several mm in size. It has an interesting shiny metallic yellow-green coloration.

A feature of the pest is its relative invisibility - the larva of the goldfish makes moves in the core of the red currant, so you can notice its appearance after the fact, when, in fact, nothing can be done.

Adult beetles lay their eggs on young shoots and feed on leaves.

How to deal with pests on red currants

Fighting aphids is quite simple. There are many insecticides that have a long-term effect, cope well with it and have no effect on humans. Examples of such drugs are Biotlin or Fitoverm.

Various insect pests (weevils, moths, sawflies and spider mites) can be treated with a wide range of insecticides - from the most powerful Aktellik to simple Agrovertin.

To control pests, such as gold beetles, leaf gall midges, glass cases, and others that are highly resistant to insecticides, preventive methods are used, which consist in constantly loosening the soil around the plant and regular weeding. Fallen leaves and dried shoots are also regularly collected. In addition, their larvae are more vulnerable to insecticides, and, knowing the time the larvae of these pests leave the ground, it is possible to treat the soil with weaker and non-hazardous insecticides, for example, Karbofos.

Conclusion

Redcurrant diseases can cause a lot of trouble for gardeners, but you should not despair when they appear. The course of diseases and the life cycle of red currant pests are well studied and methods of counteracting them have already been repeatedly tested in practice.

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Red currant pests, whose photo allows you to quickly determine the cause of the decline in the yield of berries, are a fairly serious problem for many gardeners. Diseases and pests can completely destroy the entire crop of currants. It often happens that gardeners, not noticing obvious signs of diseases or pests on currants, may consider that the bushes have simply grown old, which is the reason for the decrease in fruiting.

It is worth noting that redcurrant is highly resistant to diseases and some pests, therefore, most gardeners never encounter such problems. However, if there are many currant bushes on the plot, then its owners need to know all the common diseases and pests of this plant, and in addition, methods of dealing with them. Plant treatment, as well as preventive measures to prevent the spread of red currant diseases, can increase berry yields.

Common diseases of red currant and methods of dealing with them

Considering that photos of various currant diseases are available in any literature describing the intricacies of growing this crop, many avid gardeners can identify an existing disease even by minor symptoms. The following redcurrant diseases are the most common:

• American powdery mildew;
• anthracnose;
• rusty septoria;
• white septoria;
• scarcity;
• sphere library.

American powdery mildew is an extremely common fungal disease that can affect shoots, leaves and even currant fruits, forming a spiderweb or powdery coating on them. Leaves and shoots damaged by this fungal disease stop growing and die.

Another common red currant disease is anthracnose, which develops at high humidity and affects mainly the leaves, forming characteristic brown spots on them. Later on these spots appear black dots and varnished tubercles, which contain spores of the fungus. If your red currant has similar symptoms, diseases of fungal etiology should be treated with special chemicals.

Septoria is a fungal disease that is observed almost everywhere where red currants are grown in large volumes. With rusty septoria, the appearance of characteristic bright orange cones on currant leaves is observed, but with severe infection, such neoplasms can appear on shoots and berries. With white septoria, grayish cones appear, bordered by a brown border. Further, black spots of spores form on such cones, and the pathogenic fungus begins to multiply. In any photo, such pathological changes in the leaves against the background of their defeat by the fungus are very clearly visible.

Signs of currant damage by fungal diseases can be noticeable in early spring. Even before the buds open, you need to carefully collect all the fallen leaves under the currant that were not collected in advance in the fall, and also treat the plant shoots with a solution of Nitrafen at the rate of 30 g per 10 liters of water. The soil around the plant can be treated with the same solution. If signs of fungal infection were detected after the start of flowering, then you should wait until it is completed and treat the leaves and stems of plants with 1% boric acid.

In addition, soda ash, ammonium nitrate and mullein infusion are excellent remedies for powdery mildew, but red currants can only be treated with such means after they have faded. Processing should be carried out every 10 days so that the fungal diseases of the currant do not return.

The most dangerous viral diseases that can affect red currants include terry. This disease can affect absolutely all parts of plants. In a bush affected by terry, the appearance of three-lobed leaves is observed instead of five-lobed, and the teeth on the edges of the leaves become smaller. In addition, genetic anomalies in the formation of flowers, sepals and stamens are observed, so the harvest, as a rule, is not observed on plants heavily affected by this virus.

Given the viral nature of this currant disease, there are no good chemicals that can completely eliminate terry, so the treatment of this disease is very difficult. In autumn, it is recommended to prune the bushes and remove all leaves that have fallen from the affected plants in order to prevent the spread of the disease.

How to eliminate redcurrant pests from the garden plot

Currant diseases are often carried by pests that can cause considerable harm to plants. The most common currant pests include:

• currant goldfish;
• glass case;
• leaf aphid;
• currant moth kidney;
• gooseberry moth;
• shoot aphid;
• spider mite;
• pale-footed sawfly;
• gooseberry moth.

To eliminate the currant borer in the fall, all shoots are cut and burned, since it is on them that harmful larvae overwinter. Treatment of plants from a common spider mite is carried out by treating currant bushes immediately after flowering with a preparation such as Phytoferm, and after picking berries as a preventive measure, also with Karbofos.

To eliminate the tick, you can spray the plants with an infusion of wormwood or tobacco throughout the season.

To prevent damage to plants by the currant bud moth, early spring treatment of swollen buds with Karbofos is carried out. If traces of the gooseberry moth are found on the site, then the treatment with Karbofos is carried out after the flowering of the plants. Karbofos is also actively used to eliminate various types of aphids from currant bushes, but it is very important to spray not during the formation of flowers and berries.

Our favorite berry bushes have many enemies. At all stages of vegetation, plants can overcome a dangerous disease. We will tell you how not to be left without a crop and how to treat currants from diseases.

Throughout the summer season, it is necessary to inspect the plants in the garden in order to detect warning signs in time. Black and red currant bushes look strong and healthy.

However, non-compliance with the conditions of care, as well as exposure to fungal diseases, insects and viruses, can lead to serious diseases. In the absence of proper treatment, you can lose the currant crop. And some blackcurrant diseases lead to the complete death of the bush. In this article you will find currant diseases, a description with photos and methods of treatment.

Blackcurrant anthracnose disease

In black currants, the fungus mainly affects leaves, in red and white currants, their petioles and fruits. The disease begins to develop in the spring, as soon as the air warms up to 15ºС. The first symptom is small reddish-brown spots. Gradually they increase in size, merge. The leaves and fruit clusters curl, dry and fall off already in the middle of summer. The frost resistance of the bush is sharply reduced. The development of the disease is promoted by heat and frequent precipitation. If the summer is dry, anthracnose infection is practically excluded.

For prevention, the trunk circle is thoroughly cleaned of plant debris and the soil is deeply loosened. Bushes affected by the fungus are sprayed in mid-autumn with a 1% solution of copper sulfate or Bordeaux mixture. The procedure is repeated in early spring, before the leaves bloom. The buds are treated with Topsin-M, Previkur with the addition of any biostimulant (potassium humate, Epin, Heteroauxin).

During the growing season, the bush is sprayed every two weeks with an infusion of colloidal sulfur or wood ash. If the disease manifests itself during fruiting, when the use of any chemicals is excluded, fungicides of biological origin are used to combat it - Fitosporin-M, Gamair. The concentration of the solution and the frequency of treatments is determined by the manufacturer's instructions.

Spherothek disease (American powdery mildew) blackcurrant

The causative agent is fungi of the genus Spheroteca (Sphaerotheca). The first signs of infection of currants and gooseberries with a sphere library are already noticeable in May: the leaves, stems of the bush, and subsequently the fruits are covered with a white coating (later the color turns brown). Then the berries shrink and lose their sweetness, diseased bushes do not have time to grow and die. The development of the disease is facilitated by high humidity, dry, nitrogen-saturated soil.

Control measures:

The affected parts of the plant must be immediately cut and burned, and the bushes themselves should be treated with a fungicide (Fundazol, Topaz, etc.). For the prevention of the sphere library in the fall, it is necessary to remove fallen leaves, thin out the bushes. Dusting with wood ash and the use of the modern biofungicide Ampelomycin are also effective. Spraying is carried out with a 0.5% suspension 3-5 times per season with an interval of 7-10 days.

Blackcurrant powdery mildew disease

It is found on currant leaves and tops of new branches in early summer as a gray-white coating that can be washed off and wiped off. Gradually it turns brown and is no longer washed off. The disease is helped to spread by strong humidity and a temperature of +30.

Blackcurrant leaves, twigs and berries are infected. Berries are spoiled by a fungus, tasteless and not suitable for nutrition.

As a result, the infected plant stops growing and gradually fades. The fungus spends the winter in a pile of fallen leaves.

During the initial stage of the disease, you can get rid of it by pruning and destroying infected branches, treating currant bushes with alkaline solutions:

• ash;
• soaps;
• soap and soda;
• iodine;
• from whole milk.

With the mass development of the fungus, the bushes are treated with four sprayings of fungicides such as Fitosporin, Topaz, Strobi, Khom:

• before flowering; after flowering;
• following the picking of berries;
• 2 weeks after the third treatment.

Important! The treatment of all fungal diseases is long, spraying is carried out during the entire growing season and preventive treatment is done at the beginning of the next season.

Septoria disease (white spotting) of black currant

The causative agent is a fungus of the genus Septoria. As with other fungal diseases, the most suitable conditions for the development of white spotting are high humidity, low light, and dense plantings. Brown spots (2-3 mm in diameter) appear on currant leaves, which brighten in the center by mid-summer, and turn brown along the edges.

Control measures:

Infected leaves and shoots must be removed, then treated with 1% Bordeaux liquid. For prevention, it is necessary to carry out annual pruning of bushes, dig up row-spacings, and in autumn remove fallen leaves from the site.

blackcurrant rust disease

Currants are attacked by 2 types of this disease: goblet (yellow-orange “warts” form on the underside of the leaf) and columnar (reddish small spots on the leaves are characteristic). After some time, the berries and foliage of the diseased bush fall off.

Control measures:

When the leaves are just beginning to bloom, the bushes are treated with a 1% solution of Bordeaux liquid (or other fungicides), then the treatment is repeated during the formation of buds. The final spraying is carried out after flowering.

Blackcurrant terry disease

Description of the disease. Incurable viral disease of currant. Most often affects blackcurrant. White and red are more resistant, although some varieties (especially older ones) may be affected by the virus. The source of infection is the bush itself, infected planting material, garden tools that have not been processed before pruning. The virus overwinters in the conductive tissues of the shrub. Its carriers are bud mites, aphids, gall midges, berry bugs, spider mites and other pests. The virus is not transmitted through soil and water. The disease is extremely dangerous, it causes degradation of varietal qualities and leads to the degeneration of currants. Therefore, its second name is currant reversion.

Signs of defeat. A sign by which it can be determined that a bush is infected even before the full picture of the disease appears is the loss of a typical currant smell by buds, leaves and berries.

External signs of the disease appear in the spring when the leaves open and the currant blooms. The blooming of the leaves is delayed, they become three-lobed instead of 5-lobed, along the edges with large sparse teeth. The emerging young leaves are small, dark green, with thickened veins, they do not develop further.

A characteristic sign of terry, by which the disease is determined, is the structure of the flowers. Usually, blackcurrant petals are fused, rounded, white. Diseased bushes have separate-petalled flowers that turn purple. Petals, stamens, pistil are deformed, instead of them scales are formed, resembling tentacles extended forward. The flower clusters elongate and also take on a dirty pink or purple color. Berries from such flowers either do not set at all, or a small amount of small ugly fruits appear. Bushes sick with terry bloom late.

A lot of thin and short shoots appear on diseased plants that do not have a currant smell.

The first signs begin to appear 1-2 years after infection. Prior to this, the bushes have a normal appearance, although the currant smell becomes weak, and the yield is somewhat less than that characteristic of the variety, single berries of an ugly shape. Over time, the signs of terry increase, the disease develops very gradually.

Sometimes there is an incomplete picture of the disease, in which the tops of the shoots or individual branches are affected. The upper leaves are underdeveloped, small, dark green, three-lobed, asymmetric. The berries on such branches are formed small and there are fewer of them than on healthy plants, sometimes the fruits are not tied at all.

Control measures. Terry is incurable. If signs of disease are found, diseased bushes are removed and burned, otherwise the entire plantation can be infected. In place of the removed bushes, currants cannot be planted for 5 years, not only black, but also red and white. The fight against the virus is ineffective because it does not destroy the plant tissue, but penetrates into the cell, as a result of which it loses its normal functions and begins to produce the virus. To kill it, you need to kill the cell, and this is impossible without the death of the entire bush.

Disease prevention.

1. If there were diseased plants on the plantation, then before pruning the remaining bushes, garden tools must be treated with alcohol or a strong solution of potassium permanganate.
2. Pest control. They carry the virus with saliva to healthy plantings.
3. There is a recommendation to use healthy planting material. But by the appearance of the cuttings and seedlings, it is impossible to determine whether they are healthy or infected with terry.

Infected 2-year-old seedlings look quite healthy, only a rather weak smell for blackcurrant can alert. The disease manifests itself only in the process of growth and development of bushes. To prevent the disease, varieties resistant to terry are planted: Memory Michurin, Dubrovskaya, Binar, Nara, Primorsky Champion, Leah fertile, Zhelannaya. Varieties of black currant Zagadka, Odzhebin (Swedish variety), Aleksandrina are not resistant to the disease. From red currant varieties Red Cross, Generous are very susceptible to doubleness.

Blackcurrant leaf necrosis disease

Marginal necrosis, or death of the edges of the leaves, currant is a non-infectious disease caused by an excess of chlorine in the soil. By the end of summer, the edges of the leaves acquire an ash-gray color in the form of a wide dry strip, which differs sharply from healthy tissue. The disease has symptoms of potassium starvation, but differs from the latter: there is a clear boundary between healthy and dried tissue, and the affected areas are lighter in color. Necrosis is observed on black and red currants and gooseberries.

Control measures. At the first symptoms of the disease, a double (at the beginning of the growing season and immediately after flowering) root feeding of plants with ammonium nitrate is carried out.

Disease nectrium shrinkage of blackcurrant shoots

If the rules of care are violated, currant bushes may be subject to non-nectrium drying of shoots. The disease is caused by a marsupial fungus. The main signs include the appearance of orange dots on the branches, the size of which is gradually growing. Over time, brown tubercles appear in place of the points. If left untreated, young shoots dry out.

This disease is most often found on white and black currants. If the leaves turn yellow on the currant, pruning of the bushes is required to remove all damaged parts. Bordeaux mixture is used to treat blackcurrant disease. It is recommended to follow the rules for caring for bushes, which include regular top dressing, removal of weeds and dangerous leaves, and rationed watering. This will increase the immunity of the bushes, and prevent their infection with a fungal disease.