How to make an estimate for a product. How to correctly estimate the construction of a house - practical advice

(We consider examples on the basis of TEP-territorial unit prices, similarly and FER-federal unit rates,
according to the Reference Estimate and Normative Base (new edition))

Let's analyze the first example of budgeting, the simplest one:

For example, let's say that the customer asks to repair the floor in the apartment.

We take a tape measure, a piece of paper, a pen or pencil and go out to inspect the place of repair, i.e. we go to the object.
Arriving at the site, we find out that the floor needs to be repaired only in one room.
Here at the place of the Customer's representative, we specify what exactly the Customer wants. The customer wants to replace the old linoleum in one room with the new semi-commercial "Tarkett Idyll OXFORD 2" with the width of the canvas for the whole room without joints and without glue.
Ask the Customer for all the details, there will be linoleum on glue, without glue, with or without an underlay, this will help you when choosing prices in the future.
We have clarified the task, now we need to decide on the volumes. It's good if the Customer gives you a copy of the floor plan, which shows the dimensions of the room to be repaired, but if not, then we will give you a tape measure and measure the width and length of the room with a tape ourselves.
Let's say that when measuring the width of the room we got 3.5 m, and the length of the room 5.0 m.
Having photographed the floor mentally and measuring it, we return to our place of work and proceed to the second stage.

We consider the area of ​​the room 3.5 x 5.0 = 17.5 m2.
Now we write to the defective statement what we need to do:

1. Remove the old linoleum. We write to the defective statement - Removal of linoleum 17.5 m2.
2. Install new linoleum. We write in the defective statement - Laying semi-commercial linoleum "Tarkett Idyll OXFORD 2" without joints with the width of the canvas for the whole room without glue 17.5 m2.

Notice one important detail, all the details are written in the defective statement.

Specifically, in our case, we wrote not just "Laying linoleum", but "Laying semi-commercial linoleum" Tarkett Idyll OXFORD 2 "without joints with the width of the canvas for the whole room without glue" as requested by the Customer.
Why such details, you will understand later when looking for prices.
Well, in our case, the defective statement is ready, see below:

After the defective statement is ready, it is given to the Customer for approval.
And after the Customer approves the defective statement, we start drawing up the estimate.

Budgeting.
To draw up an estimate, we need TEPr - Territorial unit prices for repair and construction work; TEP-territorial unit prices for construction work.
If you are already familiar with the estimated program, then all these TEPr, TEP are in it.
So, we have a replacement for linoleum, i.e. repair, therefore we are looking for prices first in the repair sections - TEPr - Territorial unit prices for repair and construction work. And if there are no prices suitable for us in the repair sections, then we are looking for them in the construction parts.
But when repairing, initially, prices are always looked for in the repair sections.
We are renovating the floor, so we are looking for TEPr - floors, this will be TEPr section 57. Floors.
Further in TERr section 57. Floors. we are looking for linoleum removal. This will be the TEPr 57-2-1 rate.
We have found a quote for the first item in the defective statement. We insert it into our estimate.
Now we are looking for a quote for the second item on the defective statement.
Since in TERr section 57. Floors. there is no quotation for laying linoleum, we refer to building parts TEP - Territorial unit prices for construction work.
We are looking for TEP - floors. This will be TEP part 11. Floors. The suitable price for us is TEP 11-01-036-03. But this does not mean that we have already found a quote for the second item of the defective statement. An important feature is to still have time to discern this price, whether it includes the cost of materials for the performance of our work. We look that the price of TER 11-01-036-03 does not include the cost of linoleum, so we are looking for it additionally.
The cost of materials is searched for according to the collection of TSSTs. TSSTS - a territorial collection of estimated prices for materials, products and structures used in construction. It has five parts.
1. TSSTS 2001 Part I. Materials for general construction works
2. TSSTS 2001 Part II. Building construction and products
3. TSSTS 2001 Part III. Materials and products for sanitary works
4. TSSTS 2001 Part IV. Concrete, reinforced concrete and ceramic products. Nonmetallic materials. Commercial concrete and mortars
5. TSSTS 2001 Part V. Materials, products and structures for installation and special construction works
Since the replacement of linoleum with us refers to general construction work, we are looking for a quote for the cost of linoleum according to TSSTS 2001 Part I. Materials for general construction work. This will be the TSSTS 101-4216 rate.
In addition, we take the coefficient for consumption to the material, linoleum according to TSSTs 101-4216 we take 17.5 m2 x1.02 = 17.85 m2
Now we can say that we have found all suitable prices for the second item of the defective statement. We also insert them into the estimate.
The estimate is almost ready, it remains to add all the necessary coefficients from the appropriate MDS - Methodological documents in construction, such, for example, as in clause 4.7. MDS 81-35.2004, if there are complicating factors and conditions for the production of these works, and reducing coefficients to overhead costs and estimated profit during repair, this is also from MDS ( read more often and study the MDS before making estimates), and you can release it.
The estimate will look like this, look

Just don't forget that estimated prices in collections and programs are in 2000 prices. Therefore, the final estimated cost in this estimate, you also need to multiply by the corresponding translation index in current prices.
The index of translation into current prices is different for each region.

After all that has been done, the finished estimate can be given to the Contractor for approval, and then for the Customer's approval.

AND NOW TRY TO SOLVE THE PROBLEMS OF MAKING AN ESTIMATE AND CHECK YOURSELF IN THE SECTION:

The initial stage of the construction of any object involves the compulsory compilation estimate documentation... In other words, this is a document that describes all the upcoming costs for the construction of the facility. Before carrying out any construction work, you need to know the exact cost of the object, as well as rationally plan the upcoming costs. Sometimes the estimate is compared with a business plan, thanks to which the feasibility of creating an enterprise is determined.

So in construction, the estimate allows not only to plan the upcoming costs, but also performs the following functions:

• determines the object's need for materials and the amount of labor;
• calculates the necessary equipment and additional equipment;
• determines the optimal amount of time required for high-quality construction of an object;
• identifies labor-intensive and costly types of work, and, if possible, allows you to plan more profitable ways;
• is the official protocol for negotiating the contractual construction price.

Costing process

It is worth noting that today a huge number of developed standard house projects are available, to which estimates for the construction of a house are simultaneously attached and ready. The estimate is an important financial document, and therefore its preparation is carried out according to strictly defined rules. Today there are three main ways of making estimates: labor-intensive, universal, detailed.

Labor-intensive method

The proposed type of calculations is used mainly for the construction of structures of a small area. The construction company or team names the customer a certain amount required to complete the work, and all the materials are provided by the customer himself. The main disadvantage of such an estimate is the absence of any guarantees from the contractor, due to the fact that written agreements are not concluded in this case.

Universal way

This document consists of columns that list the main stages of the work performed, indicating the cost necessary materials... Although such an estimate does not fully reflect all the required costs, it still helps to control the main costs.

Expanded method

The maximum detailed estimate is calculated mainly for the construction of large facilities. It allows you to reflect in great detail not only the cost of all consumables, but also other costs associated with both the construction of the main facility and the arrangement of additional technical buildings.

It is worth noting that the standard estimate consists of two main blocks. The first part includes calculations of installation and construction works, and the second determines the additional costs associated with the work.

The first part of the estimate determines the costs of the following parameters:

• materials and tools;
• construction machines;
• equipment;
• work force;
• procurement costs.

The second part of the estimate includes costs:

• for the purchase of tools;
• purchase of equipment;
• preparation of the construction site;
• for design and geodetic works;
• installation of additional temporary structures.

Estimate calculation

It should be noted that today there are special companies that calculate the estimate. You can also make such a calculation yourself. To do this, you just need to look at a typical sample. To figure out how to calculate the estimate correctly, you should complete the following mandatory steps:

• think over and draw up a detailed plan of the planned work;
• calculate the approximate volume of required materials;
• find out the average cost of materials and tools that will be used in the construction process;
• transfer the obtained results to the intermediate table. It should be noted that the results obtained will only summarize the intermediate results for each type of work;
• on the basis of the obtained table, an estimate is drawn up with certain indicators.

To date, it will not be difficult to find examples of estimates for building a house. But, according to experts, even after updating the system of the estimate and regulatory framework, it is quite problematic to draw up the necessary documentation for the construction of a large facility. Therefore, one cannot do without a qualified specialist who will not only quickly and accurately determine all the necessary aspects, but also approve it in the design and estimate documentation.