Material for the house from a bar. The technology of construction of wooden houses from a bar. Stages of work

28.02.2016 0 comments

The construction of houses from a bar is an occupation that is gaining more and more popularity not only in Russia, but also in Belarus. To achieve maximum durability, you must first familiarize yourself with the technology of building a house from a bar with your own hands. Below you will see key rules and tips to help you get the job done.

Enter accentuating white backlit places. The logo is on the side of the house, we are dealing with the material, as well as highlighting the entry. During the day comes from afar identifiable is sharply illuminated in the evening. In other parts of the house, we offer horizontal wood siding heat-treated or Siberian larch - the material does not require maintenance. The façade of time gives a touch of silver. Parts with panel structures are shielded by thin hanging struts.

Stage. External wall treatment

On this structure, external fabric blinds are attached, which allow the building of the shield in accordance with the current needs of the users. In the northern part, instead of shutters, we offer panels for placing trailers for the current presentation. Having rounded the house, we are dealing with stone cladding. The main motif of the interior is a black box that embrace anthracite with a touch of purple.

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Key features

Compared to simple logs, timber has a significant advantage - lower costs. Of course, there are other advantages, but not without disadvantages. So, for example, between adjacent products, it is necessary to process seams, since they are initially poorly protected. The building can be sheathed with any convenient material, but in the absence of such a desire, it is necessary to remove the chamfer from each 2 × 2 cm beam, after making a preliminary calculation.

Visible wooden structures and cladding give the interior an intimacy, tranquility and some informality. New part of the building, we offer a wooden building of massive cross-glued panels due to the speed of construction and lightweight construction - a small surcharge for existing foundations. Another reason is the quality of the internal environment and the ability to use visual design. We expect changes to existing structures and demolition of the northern wing.

Can you do it yourself?

The second floor is on the same level 4. We expect a decrease in the boiler room. The climatic equipment will be extended to work throughout the controlled ventilation with heat recovery. During the summer months we offer a pre-cooling night facility. We place photovoltaics on the facade and roof.

The timber can also deform from time to time as a result of shrinkage, but more expensive products have their own protection. Its essence lies in special drying, which makes it possible to avoid further shrinkage.

Another variety is presented on the market - glued laminated timber, which has improved strength characteristics. An important advantage of this building material is the stability of the geometry. Even under direct exposure to moisture, the material retains its original shape.

Against redundant solar gains are designed for effective shielding - thereby reducing the need for facility cooling. The Foyer function is to establish links between all departments in the building. The reception is located right at the entrance. From the lobby of an open-air cafe and its facilities, a motherhood center, a spacious dressing room, bathrooms and two clubs. The cafe will serve as an evening bar event. During the presentation, the openings will be closed with dense blinds. If necessary, performers enter the entrance to the building.

We draw up a construction project

The group's rehearsals are housed in the basement - no one will interfere here and there you need a "underground" creative environment. The libraries are linked in part through a depository service. Visitors' lockers have been prepared in front of the two libraries. Before being placed in the adult library is a space for temporary exhibitions for which the entire gallery hallway can be used. Outside the exhibition area, it will serve as a reading room.

How to build?

At the timber factory, you can purchase a ready-made kit designed for assembly at home. After delivery to the site, it is enough just to assemble it using a special plan. During the installation process, metal studs are used, protected with an anti-corrosion coating. They are required in order to fix the bars in certain places.

This solution also helps in night-time ventilation. Office staff located next to the children's library are accessible separately from the stairs. Employees can come up with an entrance service. While waiting for the bus to cut the library, the elderly find distraction in the movies, mom welfare at the center of motherhood. For younger students in the playroom in the library and the rehearsal stripes club for older youth.

His own building is adjoined by a park with many recreation areas, we propose a park as a contrast to our own building in a natural style using organic forms, paths and areas. Would benefit from solving the border and southern part towards railroad... In this section, we offer surface parking for the cultural center and playground in relation to the maternity center.

The assembly is carried out in the following sequence:

The foundation is being created;
Geometry is checked;
Waterproofing is laid, after which the first level of timber is mounted;
To improve the attractiveness of the building as a whole, the material is fastened using a cross technology (an appropriate tool is used);
The bars are assembled on wood dowels, and insulation is simultaneously laid between them;
Upon completion of the assembly, the walls are installed floor slabs, which also include beams;
A set of rafters is being installed. When performing this operation, it is necessary to pay attention to the fact that glued laminated timber gives two percent shrinkage. During construction, sliding-type fasteners can be used, with the help of which the effects of shrinkage become almost invisible;
Do-it-yourself roofing;
The interior space of the house is being arranged. For this, partitions are installed, the floor and walls are insulated, and a number of other works are performed. These stages of construction also include the laying of utilities;
If the house has a terrace, the first step is to lay the floor using an impregnated board. It must be designed taking into account difficult operating conditions over a long period of time;
Installation of doors and windows.

The existing park will be reconstructed with sidewalks and another pedestrian road to the new geometry, better supports the idea of an equivalent layout of the house on three sides - towards the city with the developing structure of the building on city sidewalks, to the railway station through the projected park and south to the intersection line of the residential area - around playground. Cultural house. We understand the existing building as a remnant of a recent era, but it contains valuable elements that we want to transform into a new building.

Reflection of the original building complex around the hall is also the solution for the facades of the new building. Around the hall for the development of functional accessibility in accordance with the program, with a temporal sequence of use. Building structures for cost adjustments and custom performance and operating costs.

Foundation features

By itself, the technology of building a house from a bar can include construction using different types foundation. The following types are presented on the market:

Columnar. This is the simplest variety. For the arrangement, it is necessary to install asbestos-cement pipes in pre-prepared holes. The existing pillars have no connection, so this property is a significant disadvantage. A more practical solution would be to choose pile analogs, since here the piles are connected with a reinforced concrete slab;
Plate. In fact, slab foundations are a series of reinforced concrete slabs on which construction works... Please note that for arranging such a base, a large amount of reinforcement and concrete is required;
Tape. This is the most popular variety at the moment. The reason is simple - there are a large number of its types, which can boast of different functionality. If a large load is concentrated on the foundation, a foundation with an identical cross-section will be required. Light houses will stand quite well on shallow foundations. Despite the fact that their level of reliability is much lower, the cost is often half as much.

Watch the video material about the features of the foundation in houses from a bar.

Create timeless architecture associated with regional elements - hallway, street-oriented backgrounds. Hall - will turn into a functional black box: the floor of the hall will be leveled to the level of the current auditorium. The orchestra under the stage still functions as a warehouse. Above the stage is a ceiling for the practitioner's warehouse, operated by a hydraulic platform located away from the warehouse. A rope was laid under the ceiling for the theater stage.

Layout The center of gravity of the building remains transformed into a black box. In front of the program, you need: a cinema with 50 seats, a club, a foyer with an audience, a cafe - in the park, in the backyard: an office, toilets and a warehouse. In the east tract, we maintain an existing boiler room, which we propose to move to a corner in the south tract to the supply yard that connects to the cafe. We are aware of the cost of this operation, so we recommend that you skip this link - the link remains through the children's library on the floor.

Features of wall construction

In no case should the assembly of the walls be carried out in any other place, except at the construction site. The beam, as a rule, can be connected at the corners using one of two options - with or without a protrusion. The strapping rings are initially laid on a previously prepared base, and then mounted in half a tree. This view fasteners should be used regardless of how subsequent rows are connected. The height of the 1st floor should be approximately 3 meters. After laying the walls to the optimal level, the specialists need to make the overlap. Only then does it begin phased construction 2nd floor, if it is foreseen in the corresponding plans.

In the rear - the southern tract - the background of the performers: dressing rooms, a test room and a warehouse in the basement. Library - We decided to return to the classic arrangement of shelves around the walls. In addition, the store is located on compact shelves on the ground floor. On the ground floor there is the desired program: a cinema with 50 seats, a club, a foyer with an audience, a cafe in the park, in the background: an office, toilets and a warehouse. However, we are aware of the complexity of this operation, so we recommend that you skip this link - the link remains through the children's library on the floor.

Facades. The continuous shelf around the interior of the library is reflected in the unified facade of the house. The roof is also rhythmized with belt lanterns. The principle of urban planning is to create a relationship between the park, the main directions of communication and the object of the cultural house. The internal layout of the layout creates the greatest possible variability in the relationship of space while maintaining its independence. The decision is based mainly on the conditions of the construction program and is fulfilling it as much as possible.

Note! The construction of a house from a bar is prohibited on a turnkey basis! Do not repeat other people's mistakes. First, specialists need to install a log house to perform shrinkage, and only six months later, it is recommended to start finishing. Otherwise, you run the risk of violating the correctness of the technology for building a house from a bar, since shrinkage will greatly spoil the interior and exterior.

Features of the internal arrangement of houses from a bar

In the future, the mass concept is the possibility of increasing the northeast corner with the possibility of using terraces above the foyer and above the library. The main entrance to the building is the entrance foyer, which connects to the dressing room and sanitary facilities. There is a direct entrance to the main hall from the foyer. Cinema and cafés are also accessible through the entrance lobby. The multifunctional hall is expanding as much as possible, and on the sides it is equipped with walking paths, accessible from two staircases. In order to use an efficient telescopic stand that does not require additional storage space for practitioners, the staircase was adapted to the basement and technical pedestrian bridge so as not to interfere with the hall space and at the same time with the existing technical lines and structures.

Timber: types, advantages and disadvantages

At the moment, a potential client has the opportunity to choose such types of timber as profiled or solid. We invite you to read about the positive and negative sides.

The profiled beam has a structure consisting of a profile. He, in turn, includes crown grooves or spikes in the design. Fasteners can be created along the entire length of the timber, and after their production, the surface must be sanded. After complete preparation of the bar, it is delivered to building object, after which the building is assembled from the resulting building material.

Suspended acoustic panels are designed underneath the balconies, allowing the proportions of the hall to be changed from a black box to a vacant hall. The panels also allow you to create alternative spaces and optimize acoustic comfort. To maximize room variability, the existing orchestra offers an elevator to balance the difference between floor and floor. For acoustic reasons, the walls of the hall are equipped with absorption elements, and a concert building is provided behind the elevator.

To achieve the maximum volume of the hall, the ceiling of the existing truss structure is lowered. The resulting space is complemented by suspended absorption elements and technical pedestrian bridges. Existing exteriors, including the possibility of entering a car, are used in the hall. The premise of the cinema is located in the remote part of the existing foyer, and the pre-space of the multifunctional hall follows through the common dressing room and hygiene rooms. The originally glazed façade of the foyer is enclosed in the dressing room and cinema.

Compared to other varieties, profiled timber has the following advantages:

These houses have an increased level of resistance to deformation destruction;
The construction takes less money;
The technology for building a house from a bar is considered extremely simple;
Due to the high accuracy of the shape of the product, obtained during processing at manufacturing enterprises, the building material gets much more harmonious appearance... It is also worth highlighting the increase in the thermal properties of each wall as a whole;
The surface of the walls will always be flat, so they do not require obligatory sheathing;
The focus of decay resulting from exposure to snow, condensation and rainwater is completely absent. The reason is simple - the profiles are created so that water does not get into the seams between the joints;
As soon as the shrinkage of the object created from the profiled timber is completed, it is not necessary to additionally caulk each wall;
Guaranteed high level protection against drafts and heat leakage. This is because the crowns have an increased level of fastening density.

But there are also disadvantages:

There is a bar between the large hall and a cinema room to serve both spaces at the same time and separately. The location of the café provides contact with a busy part of the park, and its preliminary space allows for external seating. The club's artists' closets are located in the premises of the existing Matarsky center behind the stage. The top floor of the building is located on the extended east side of the library, accessible again from the east side. A separate children's section of the library ends with a playroom located above the center of the mother.

Since profiled timber is a combustible material, which can also be affected by adverse weather conditions;
To increase the fire-retardant and bio-protective performance, processing with the help of special substances is required;
Due to the natural moisture level, cracks can form during the summer season as the wood dries up. Thus, the optimal solution would be to choose a timber that has been previously dried in chambers, and in which the moisture content of the timber has been reduced to 20 percent;
The thickness of each wall of a house made of profiled timber is not suitable for the full use of the building in winter. In this situation, it will be necessary to insulate the walls of a wooden house from the outside, but not in any case, not from the inside;
After the construction of a house from a bar is successfully completed, it will be impossible to resize, complete new rooms or re-plan existing ones.

Now let's take a look at the houses made of solid timber. Despite the very mediocre beauty of the appearance, the construction of this type of building has a large number of advantages:

Preparation of materials, tools and project

In order to achieve the required storage capacity of the library, it is proposed to extend it to the upper unused part of the proscenum, so as not to reduce the possibility of using the crane. From the library, an escape staircase is proposed on the north side, forming a distinctive architectural element... There is an accessible administration section via the south staircase, from which the entire building can be accessed either through the library or via a pedestrian bridge leading to the multifunctional hall. The basement of the building is being used by a music laboratory and an existing aircraft technician with a workshop.

Since the procedure for creating this building material is relatively fast and simple, the final cost is an order of magnitude lower;
The material is very popular - you can buy it both in a hardware store and on the territory of specialized markets. The client receives an additional benefit, since no additional costs are required for transportation - usually delivery is free;
After purchasing a bar, the client receives an order within ten days, due to the simplicity of construction technologies;
To carry out construction work, the use of additional special equipment is not required.

The disadvantages of this material are as follows:

Types of materials used and the nuances of working with them

There is a boiler room under the cafeteria. For relocation, this is considered using a light basement roof in place of the existing pit. Thanks to the field break, it is possible to place the blast wall and release the boiler room directly to the outside. The exhaust air is deflected by 90 ° to allow the room to connect the cafe to the lobby. The goal of the project is to minimize demolition work and use existing structures. In the place of the cafe, reading room and the entrance to the library, the existing boiler house building has been preserved, and the aisles are connected to the elongated part.

Mandatory allocation of additional funds for finishing. In order for the exterior of the building to be complete, additional siding is required, or the use of lining for these purposes. The material must be chosen very carefully, and you need to make sure of the high quality of its structure. If you do not do this, you may run into problems. Non-compliance with GOST requirements can cause uneven walls;
Wood is easily attacked by a fungus. The material has a natural moisture level, it does not undergo additional drying. To reduce the level of humidity, you can also use special antiseptic agents, but in this case you need to be prepared for a lot of time, as well as the allocation of an impressive amount of money;
Mezhventsovye seams are weaker protected from the ingress of cold air. Such buildings do not retain heat well inside;
Possible cracking of the timber structure. As soon as shrinkage is complete, cracks may appear. The interior and exterior cladding is capable of solving this problem, but again, this work requires additional money and time.

Finishing

If you think that the construction of houses from a bar will end on installation doorways and frames for windows, you are deeply mistaken. Each instruction states that it is necessary to additionally lay a sub-floor, install heat-insulating coatings. After that, the finishing is set up, and then the topcoat is applied. Ceilings are also required to be equipped.

The owner of the house will be able to choose the exterior finish on his own. Depending on aesthetic preferences and characteristics of individual taste, the house may be left without decoration from the outside at all. But only on condition that the quality of the facing materials and their appearance provide this opportunity. If you want a different look, you can paint the house. However, a more profitable option is clapboarding, siding or a number of other materials presented. This is the best variant.

By itself, the construction of a house from a bar has its own characteristics and difficulties. In this case, you need to learn how to choose the right building materials, taking into account how the house will be used, with what frequency, how many people will live, and so on. By following time-tested technologies, you are guaranteed to learn a durable, comfortable and reliable structure, without using the active help of specialists.

For a detailed analysis of the technology of building a house from a bar, we recommend watching three educational videos. We think they will be an excellent guide for you in the process of building a house from a bar with your own hands.

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Wooden houses from a bar perfectly retain heat, which, of course, is very important in winter. In summer, on the contrary, they contribute to the long-term preservation of coolness. High-quality and professionally executed corner bay windows, "warm joints" do not allow the wind to enter the house, which extends the life of the house for several decades.

Installation of dowels in a bar for shrinkage

To avoid a shift in the structure after the construction of a log house, a so-called dowel is used. Wherein the best option for him a tree is considered. A hole for the dowel is drilled in the supplied bar. It should be 2-4 cm longer than the length of the dowel.

Visual differences between the planed timber and the usual

A sharpened bar differs from a regular bar with a chamfer and a less rough surface.

The main technological aspects of the construction of a log house

Back in the days when wooden houses in our country could be found everywhere, buildings were erected from solid logs. After the possibility of wood processing appeared, more and more new materials began to appear. So, gradually, logs were replaced by timber. The buildings received a much more modern appearance, the walls of the buildings were noticeably leveled, and the process of building the house became much faster.

Today, an economical option for a house made of wood can be considered a building made of dry timber or a bar of normal moisture. It is this material, optimal in every sense, that is used by the masters of our company in the construction of suburban and suburban buildings of any complexity. Upon completion of work wooden house you can give any look: materials such as wall paneling, siding or block house will become faithful helpers in external decoration. Do not forget about the processing of wood with special protective equipment, the use of which will significantly increase the service life of the building and improve its operational characteristics.

Our construction company uses a beam of regular length (6 m) in its work, but with a different section (100x150, 150x150, 150x200, 200x200). When erecting external partitions, a beam with a thickness of 150x150 mm is perfect, and for interior walls a tree with a section of 100x150 mm will be very useful.

A structure made of ordinary timber shrinks noticeably in the first 12 months. For this reason, it is better to carry out all construction work in two stages, the break between which will be six months. The first stage is the erection of the roof, walls and foundations, the second is the laying of communications, installation of doors and windows, interior decoration.

Features of the technology of building a house from a bar

First, as with any building, the foundation is erected, which is the most important stage. Most often, a strip shallow foundation is used in wooden buildings. Further, the floor is assembled from the timber: installation bottom strapping, laying logs, laying rough flooring, waterproofing, insulation, and finally - laying grooved boards.

After that, the walls of the first floor are erected, as well as partitions between the rooms. When installing walls, a heater is necessarily used (most often, it is a jute canvas), which is laid between the beams. The walls are erected using dowels and dovetail joints. Next, the ceiling beams are laid, the rafters are arranged, the structure is insulated and stitched with clapboard. If there is a second floor in the house, the installation of internal partitions takes place. At the end of the first stage of construction, the roof is installed: the roof is lathing with boards, full coverage with the selected material, waterproofing and eaves placement.

Of course, all these are the main stages of construction, which are described rather schematically. One thing is clear: construction wooden house- the process is not easy, and it is better to entrust it to professionals who have many years of positive experience in the construction market.