If you cross a person with an animal. Hybrids of animals and people that science has managed to get. The immune system rejects foreign cells

At the beginning of the 20th century, the whole world literally turned upside down. It was a period of crazy ideas, experiments and discoveries. It was during this period of time that it seemed to scientists that they were on the verge of a great discovery. For the first time, the news that there would be a cross between humans and animals appeared in 1909. Biologist Ilya Ivanovich Ivanov said at the World Congress that it is quite possible to create a monkey-man. And, he was not the only scientist dealing with this issue.

Who and when was involved in the creation of the monkey man

In 1910, surgeons Voronov and Steinach made the first attempts to transplant monkey glands to humans. The xenotransplantation business gained such momentum that Voronov had to open his own monkey nursery in the south of France.

Rozanov Vladimir Nikolaevich, a famous surgeon who operated on Stalin and Lenin in his time, also conducted numerous experiments in this area. He transplanted chimpanzee glands into humans and seemed to be a huge success. Local newspapers constantly published stories about how primate glands were able to cure dementia, decreased potency and aging. But have these attempts been crowned with success? Over time, the world came to the conclusion that these experiments were just a placebo. That is, the effect that was observed after xenotransplantation was nothing more than self-hypnosis.

Traces of unseen beasts

In the writings of Bernard Eyvelmans, a biologist and famous zoologist, there is a huge number of references to the so-called "yeti". Whether the snowmen really existed is still not known for sure. A large number of scientists are of the opinion that the Yeti actually lived near human settlements, but there are no less skeptics who deny this. One day, two cowboys managed to film a female Bigfoot. The famous plot of Patterson - Gimlin, on which the yeti is clearly visible, has spread all over the world, however, here too there were scientists who refuted this event. They believe that since it is impossible to interbreed people with animals, the photos and videos presented by many eyewitnesses are nothing more than montage.

There is further evidence of the existence of at least one Bigfoot. In the pre-revolutionary forests of Abkhazia, an unusual woman was caught by one prince. Her height was more than 2 meters, in addition, she was covered with wool and did not know how to talk. Some scientists believe that experiments in crossing humans with animals could lead to the birth of such an individual. She was forcibly brought to the settlement and kept locked up for a long time, as she was very aggressive. There are facts confirming that the Snow Woman had an intimate relationship with men (people in the settlement) and gave birth to at least 4 children from them. Khwit - one of her sons, later had his own family and children.

Strong workforce

It is known that at the beginning of the 20th century Joseph Stalin was sorely lacking, having learned that certain animals were being carried out in Germany, he also decided not to hesitate. Under his leadership, numerous experiments were carried out on people. Crossbreeding with animals was supposed to help create incredibly hardy, and at the same time quite docile, apemen. In addition, according to the calculations of scientists, such a creature should have reached full maturity in just 4 years. Stalin planned that the new labor force would be able not only to mine coal, build railways, but also to fight if necessary.

First attempts

The first experiments of the French scientist Sergei Voronov were aimed at rejuvenating people. While studying in Egypt, he drew attention to eunuchs. They looked much older than the rest of the men. At this moment, the scientist thought about the influence of the gonads on the state of the body. In 1910, Voronov successfully transplanted a chimpanzee testicle to an elderly English aristocrat for the first time. Local newspapers wrote that the effect of xenotransplantation was not long in coming, and after a while the Englishman looked several years younger. In this case, the question arises: why is this method of rejuvenation not used in modern transplantology? Obviously it actually was

Professor Ivanov's Secret Experiments in Guinea

Almost at the same time, the Kremlin also began to wonder if it is really possible to cross a person and an animal? All scientific activity in this area was entrusted to two biologists - Ilya Ivanov and Vladimir Rozanov. At that time, they were already successfully engaged in artificial ones. Vladimir Rozanov, like his French colleague Voronov, performed operations on transplantation of the chimpanzee's gonads. The difficulty was that the demand for transplants was so huge that the scientist did not have enough monkeys.

In 1926, Dr. Ivanov and his son went on an expedition to Guinea. They needed to capture female and male chimpanzees for experiments. In addition, they were faced with the task of persuading at least a few to take part in the experiment. Ivanov wanted to try to fertilize a woman with chimpanzee sperm, and a female chimpanzee with human semen. However, it turned out to be impossible to find a resident of Guinea who agreed to such experiments, even for a lot of money. Then the scientist, together with the Kremlin, decided to do it secretly. Under the guise of inspection, several African women were injected with chimpanzee semen. How this crossing of animals and humans ended is unknown. Soon the scientist Ivanov left Africa and went to conduct experiments in the Abkhazian town of Sukhumi.

Sukhumi Monkey Reserve

In 1927, in Abkhazia, in the small and little-known at that time town of Sukhum, in order to cross between animals and humans, a monkey reserve was created.

Ivanov brought the first chimpanzees and gorillas from Guinea, among whom were two large and healthy females. The professor tried to fertilize them with human sperm. After a while, the female monkeys died. At the autopsy, it turned out that conception never happened. At that time, Ivanov did not yet understand why the experiments did not work out. Modern genetic scientists explain this quite simply.

Is it the case with chimpanzees

It turns out that despite the fact that a man and a monkey have a lot of similarities, there are also significant differences. A person has 23 pairs of chromosomes, which gives a total of 46. Chimpanzees have 24 pairs, that is, 48 ​​chromosomes. If such individuals produce a descendant, then he will have an odd number of chromosomes - 47. Such an individual will not be able to give birth, since the set of chromosomes will be 46 + 1 - one chromosome will be without a pair.

An example of such a barren animal is the mule. It is known that his parents are a donkey (with 31 pairs of chromosomes) and a horse (32 pairs of chromosomes). In science, obtaining offspring from parents who belong to different species is called interspecific crossing. A person and animals can only be crossed if they have the same DNA, a similar karyotype and anatomical features.

Therefore, it turns out that the crossing of animals and humans under normal conditions is impossible due to significant differences in their karyotypes. It has been proven that 18 pairs of human and monkey chromosomes are almost identical, but the rest have a lot of differences. The sex chromosomes, which are responsible for the future sex of the offspring, are also significantly different.

The impossible yesterday became possible today

Experiments on crossing humans and animals, probably, did not stop and will never stop. Scientists have found that in some ways Professor Ivanov was right. can really bring huge benefit to humanity. However, we are not talking about mutants and snowmen at all. Here we are talking about stem cells that can be obtained from hybrid embryos.

Modern medicine is in great need of stem cells, as they can be used to cure many diseases. The stem cell is capable of self-renewal and division, while creating any cells of all organs and tissues. Moreover, genetic engineering experiments prove that stem cells in the body are responsible for youth and longevity. By old age, such cells in the human body become much less, tissues lose their ability to self-renew, organs work much weaker.

Secrets and mysticism of experiments

Despite the overwhelming amount of evidence, there were no less mysteries in this area of ​​research. For example, after Ivanov's death, all documents and materials on crossing were hidden and strictly classified. The question arises: if the experiments did not bring any positive result, why did the Kremlin classify all the materials? The crossing of animals and humans has always been shrouded in mystery. There is information that many women participated in the experiments in Abkhazia. They were voluntarily fertilized with chimpanzee sperm. But it was impossible to find such a woman and ask her about the course of the experiments. What happened to all those people who participated in the experiments, and where did they disappear?

V this moment in many countries, experiments on crossing animals and humans are prohibited. However, does this mean that they are not being held? Who knows, maybe in the next century science will still see a chimera?

Scientists are currently working in laboratories around the world to create true human-animal hybrids.
It sounds like science fiction, but the combination of human and animal DNA is not a fantasy of the distant future. This is what scientists have done several times already, and what makes us think about ethical issues. According to scientists, the creation of such hybrids is not good.
Of course, this is a scientific breakthrough that will allow medical experiments and procedures to be carried out on hybrids, and not on humans, but on the other hand, where is the fine line that will be drawn between humans and animals?
It is still an open question: are these creatures mutated animals or the beginning of something more human?

Rabbit-Human Hybrid

The first successful human-animal hybrid was developed in a Shanghai laboratory in 2003.
The team of scientists fused human cells into rabbit eggs, creating the embryos of a new creature. These, of course, were not the first experiments in the world. But the Shanghai scientists were the first in whom the hybrid cells did not die. and developed.
This was unique compared to other experiments because the vast majority of the DNA growing inside rabbit eggs was human. A few days later, the scientists stopped the experiment, destroyed the hybrid and took its stem cells.

Chimpanzee Human Hybrid


According to two Chinese scientists, China almost created the first hybrids decades earlier. In 1967, they came close to creating a human-chimpanzee hybrid, and if the experiment had not been closed earlier, they would have succeeded.
Two scientists from Shenyang said they participated in an experiment in which they successfully fertilized a female chimpanzee with human sperm. Their goal was to create a new, more evolved chimpanzee with a larger brain and wider mouth. Ultimately, they hoped that their new being would be able to speak.
The project was canceled due to the Cultural Revolution. The laboratory was destroyed, the chimpanzee died, at that time she was 3 months pregnant.
In 1981, scientists said they planned to try again. But nothing was done due to ethical reasons.

A pig-human hybrid


The Mayo Clinic in Minnesota injected human stem cells into pig embryos and successfully created the first pig with semi-human blood.
The goal of their experiment was to see how human and pig cells would interact. Scientists saw that some of the cells remained human and porcine, and some merged, creating a never-before-seen DNA.
As a result, the animal looked like a normal pig, but it had half-human and half-pig cages all over its body.

Goat, cow, and human hybrids that produced human milk


In 2009, Russian and Belarusian scientists genetically modified goats to produce breast milk.
They failed to make milk 100% human. But they created milk with 60% lysozyme and lactoferrin, which characterize human milk. And these were not the only people who did it. Shortly thereafter, a Chinese team gathered an entire herd of 300 cattle, resulting in a hybrid milk production.
The goal was to get breast milk a person on a large scale, sufficient for sale in a chain of stores.
Again there is an ethical issue while the creation of this milk is on hold.

Pigs and sheep with human organs


One of the biggest goals in human-animal hybrids is to create a farm of animals that can be used to grow human hearts and lungs.
In the United States, this is one of the main areas of science right now, although in many countries these developments are prohibited. Japanese scientist Hiromitsu Nakauchi was forced to move to the United States to work on the project.
He was awarded a grant of $ 1.4 million.
In 2017, 186 human-pig hybrid embryos were created under his leadership, and they are now working on a sheep-human hybrid.
Each creature he created is allowed to develop for only 28 days. Then he is destroyed.
The maximum amount of human DNA in these hybrids is 0.01%. Nakauchi admitted that this is not enough to create a creature with human organs. However, this is progress, and Nakauchi insists that they are getting closer to what they planned every day.

Human mouse hybrid


In 2010, researchers at the Salk Institute created a mouse with an almost entirely human liver.
These hybrid mice were then deliberately infected with malaria and hepatitis B and C.
Scientists believe that this could lead to new breakthroughs in medicine.

Mice with human anal sphincters


The strangest hybrid experiment ever, scientists in 2011 inoculated human anal sphincters in mice.
Scientists have bioengineered anal sphincters by filling them with human nerves and muscles.
The goal was to do some early testing for a procedure that is truly intended for humans. Scientists hope to make anal sphincter replacements for humans using the patient's own skin and nerve cells. It sounds a little disgusting, but it can save lives.

Mouse with an ear on its back


The most famous human-animal hybrid was technically not a human-animal hybrid at all. If the experiment went to the end, it would be so.
A mouse with a human ear on its back was bioengineered by a team of scientists from Harvard and MIT in 1997. Scientists started the project as a way to help plastic surgeons who have difficulty repairing human ears. They wanted to create an ear on a mouse and then transfer it to humans, giving humans an ear made from animal cartilage and flesh. Ultimately, the project ran out of funding before researchers could move on to human trials.

Mice with semi-human brains


It is one thing to give a pig a human lung, and another to replace brain cells with human ones. Each mouse in the experiment had about 12 million human cells. Tests were carried out on mice, and then work was suspended.

Monkeys with human neural cells


People who put human brain cells in mice justified their work by saying they didn't use monkeys. “The ethical issue,” they admitted, “is to make an animal so closely associated with humans a little more human. They didn’t want to cross that line. Nevertheless, Yale did it, regardless of ethics.
In 2007, Yale injected human neural stem cells into the brains of five monkeys to see how it would affect Parkinson's disease.
From a medical point of view, the results were very positive. The monkeys, all of whom suffered from the disease, were able to walk, eat and move better than before. They had significantly fewer problems with tremors, and all this happened without swelling or toxic side effects.
Philosophically, the experiment raised some tricky questions. Human neuronal cells survived and migrated in the monkey's brain, changing the way their brains function.

Hybrids, chimeras, genetic mutants. In our time, everything is possible! As you know, chimerism is the presence of genetically dissimilar cells in one organism. In nature, this happens when, being in the womb, one of the fetuses absorbs the genetic material of another fetus. A newborn baby may have problems with the immune system, there may be a duplication blood vessels, one side of the body may be different in color from the other, or be feminine, while the other is masculine, etc. True, chimeras are obtained within one species. The situation is more interesting with hybrids. Here in nature, genetic different shapes animals and plants.

But man decided to go beyond nature and cross his family with animals. For a long time, scientists have been learning to create hybrid embryos in their laboratories. All this is done with the aim of finding treatments for a wide range of diseases. Of course, opponents of immoral experiments will consider hybridization disgusting, but the suffering of people with incurable diseases is no less terrible. In some cases, this kind of experimentation with nature can go too far. It is worth considering here. But it is human nature that curiosity and mania for playing god can overpower fear of the possible negative consequences of such activities.

1. Hybrids in the UK. In 2008, British scientists received the legal right to interbreed humans and animals. For safety reasons, such experiments were allowed to be carried out only by those researchers who received a license to do so. The experiments were carried out to create stem cells that can help people fight incurable diseases. Scientists managed to grow 155 embryos, which were human hybrids with different kinds animals. For many understandable reasons, the research was stopped and funding was stopped. But the law has not been canceled, which means that scientists still have a chance to restore their research if they find sponsors.
2. Chimpanzee Oliver. Oliver was born in the Congo in the 1970s. All his life, he preferred communication with people to chimpanzees. He died in 2012 at a monkey shelter in Texas at the age of 55. Before that, Oliver had to live with circus performers, with artists, with pharmacologists. Oliver loved to walk on his hind legs and do housework. He simply did not understand the language of the chimpanzee. And in appearance it was very unusual for a monkey of its kind. He walked only straight, like a man, he had no hair on his chest and head. The ears were human-like, the eyes were lighter, and the lower jaw was heavier than that of monkeys. Could he be a hybrid of a monkey and a man? Unfortunately no. This was proven by genetics from the University of Chicago, and confirmed by researchers from the University of Texas. Oliver is believed to be a type of upright chimpanzee that appeared before Oliver and elsewhere.
3. Ilya Ivanov. Rumors about experiments in the USSR to create a hybrid of a man and a monkey were officially disclosed after its disintegration. According to secret documents, in 1927, Dr. Ilya Ivanov, a renowned specialist in veterinary reproductive biology, went to Africa on a secret mission. He was always interested in the question of crossing humans and chimpanzees. While in Africa, he described two attempts at artificial insemination of a female monkey with human sperm. He returned to the USSR with an orangutan named Tarzan in the hope of continuing his experiments. At one time, he even found two women - volunteers who agreed to carry children-hybrids. But it didn’t come to that. The orangutan died, and the scientist was sent to the camps.
4. Human-pig hybrids. Recently, the news that a human-pig hybrid has been created has shocked the world. The researchers injected one of three types of human stem cells into pig embryos to see which ones can survive. During the work in the porcine embryo, cells were formed that are precursors of various types of tissues, in particular the heart, liver and nervous system... Pig embryos with these cells developed normally. Later, they were introduced into the uterus of pigs, allowing the hybrids to develop for the first 3-4 weeks, and then they were destroyed. In total, 186 viable embryos were obtained out of 1400 taken initially.
5. Human ear on the back of a rat. Scientists have managed to grow in the laboratory a flexible, almost like a real human ear on the back of a rodent. To do this, they took living tissues of cows and sheep and on a titanium frame grew from them living tissue, which has a shape corresponding to the organ of hearing. It was then implanted into a rat with a suppressed immune system so that the organ could grow unhindered. Through this study, scientists have learned that enough cells can be grown in animals to grow a human organ.

And people, but it usually seems that in reality there can be no such creatures. Meanwhile, in the world, experiments have been carried out more than once, involving the crossing of people with animals in order to obtain offspring. And although information about such experiments was classified, something curious became known.

Centaurs and harpies

Hybrids of humans and animals or birds are often mentioned in myths, legends and tales. As a rule, such chimeras are similar to both parents, but inherit the traits of humans and animals only in a certain way. Is that in Ancient egypt the gods looked like people with animal heads - in other myths and legends, hybrids of people and animals usually have human faces and even often have the gift of human speech. For example, centaurs are horses with a human head, torso, and arms. At the same time, people with horse heads are not mentioned in myths.

The centaurs were distinguished by their violent disposition and were rather hostile to people. And the harpies - half-women, half-birds - generally hated people. The hostility was mutual: the attitude of the ancients to chimeras can be characterized as negative. Nevertheless, at all times there were inquisitive minds who were interested in what would happen as a result of crossing people with animals.

Secret experiments

Any experiments involving humans are ethically controversial enough. And above all, this applies to experiments, the purpose of which is to obtain offspring from humans and animals. Therefore, such investigations of scientists have always been kept secret.

The most famous are the experiments of the Russian and later Soviet scientist Ilya Ivanovich Ivanov. He did many experiments on crossing different types of animals, and later decided to breed a hybrid of a man and a monkey. Several experiments were carried out in which chimpanzees were artificially inseminated with human sperm taken from volunteers. However, not a single monkey became pregnant as a result of these experiments.

Ivanov's next experiment consisted of inseminating female volunteers with monkey sperm. From his travels in Africa, where the first experiments on crossing humans and chimpanzees were carried out, Ivanov brought three dozen monkeys. However, by the time the scientist received approval from the authorities to conduct an insemination experiment, it turned out that the only orangutan who reached puberty, who was at that moment on the territory of the experimental station in Sukhumi, had died. A new batch of monkeys appeared at the station only in 1930, but the scientist could no longer conduct experiments: he was arrested and sent into exile, where he continued to engage in scientific work, but could no longer conduct bold experiments.

Were there chimeras?

There is a legend that Ilya Ivanov nevertheless achieved success and was able, during his African wanderings, to breed a race of half-humans, half-monkeys. In sources that do not inspire confidence, you can read that as a result of such misalliances, tall hairy creatures were obtained, distinguished by great strength and efficiency. Their only drawback is the lack of the ability to reproduce, which, however, is typical for hybrids.

It is unlikely that this is actually possible. Ivanov did not stay in Africa for long, and took with him all the monkeys that were fertilized. In addition, if the possibility of obtaining cheap labor through interspecific crossing really existed, then this opportunity would certainly be actively used by the authorities both in the Soviet Union, which was going through the era of industrialization, and in Africa. However, no official mentions of chimeras, even if indirect, have survived.

Modern experiments on crossing humans and animals involve more than fertilizing females of one species with the sperm of representatives of another species. Experimenters are trying to mix DNA by implanting human cells into animal eggs. Such experiments require jewelry precision and serious costs, therefore, earlier, until science was so developed, they were simply impossible. Conventional fertilization turns out to be ineffective - female monkeys do not get pregnant from humans, just as women do not get pregnant from monkeys. Although intercourse between different primate species is possible, such relationships are fruitless.

Legalization

In 2015, the experiments of British scientists on growing hybrids of humans and monkeys were declassified. The purpose of the experiments was not so much to breed chimeras as to obtain human genetic material for medical purposes. Although these experiments were initially banned, the British government decided not to restrict research in this area.

At the same time, such experiments are being carried out under the vigilant control of the authorities. A special council has been set up to oversee the experiments before legislation is amended. There is a lot of controversy regarding the introduction of such amendments, since the experiment seems unethical and even to some extent potentially dangerous. And although we are not talking about growing full-fledged chimeras (scientists suggest limiting ourselves to embryos), the experiment can always get out of control.

If human-animal hybrids are born, it will lead to many problems. The status of these creatures is not entirely clear - whether they will have the rights of people, or whether they will be equated with animals. And this is far from the only issue that worries those who oppose the law.

What should such experiments give to the world? Scientists argue that interbreeding humans with monkeys should help make a breakthrough in the treatment of a number of diseases that are considered incurable today. Such experiments make it possible to avoid conducting experiments on human volunteers and to obtain the necessary genetic materials.

In a rural area of ​​the Turkish province of Izmir, a strange-looking lamb was born in January 2010. He had no hair on his body, and his nose, eyes, mouth, tongue and teeth were human-like, and his entire muzzle entirely resembled the face of a bald man.

Who is responsible?

The same snapshot

The appearance of the newborn amazed the veterinarians, who, however, quickly explained the phenomenon of insufficient intake of vitamins to the fetus during the pregnancy of the sheep, which led to the underdevelopment of the lamb's head and the acquisition of an unusual shape resembling a human face.

The lamb died a few hours after giving birth, although his sister, who was born at the same time with him without any visible deviations in appearance, now feels great.

So what of this? - a skeptical reader will exclaim.

And he will add: an ordinary genetic freak, one of dozens, and maybe even hundreds of freaks, regularly born in animals different types... Nobody argues. Although the topic for discussion is quite interesting.

"He is horribly disgusting," said the inhabitants of one of the Chinese villages. Indeed, instead of a piglet, which became the sixth in the litter of a nine-year-old pig living on the Feng farm, a creature with a monkey face, two thin lips, a small nose and two large eyes was born. His hind legs were twice as long as his front legs.

Scientists have long puzzled over what could lead to this kind of mutation in a pig's body, because the cases of crossing this animal with a monkey have not yet been recorded by specialists, and, in the end, they blamed everything on environmental pollution and the same vitamin deficiency.

A puppy that looks like a human was born dead a few years ago in Brazil

In the fall of 2009, in the Zimbabwean village of Madoleni, 40 miles from the Midlands, a goat gave birth to a kid with human characteristics. Vitamin deficiency again?

Unfortunately, the terrified owner of the goat, Mr. Nuoni, burned the mutant to death before he could fall into the hands of scientists. Only photographs remain, which show something that resembles a human head, nose, mouth, neck and shoulders, coupled with goat's legs and tail. The back and chest are like those of a human - hairless.

According to local residents, the creature was so scary that even the dogs were afraid to come close to him. Perhaps this strange creature is the result of bestiality.

Plutarch saw the fruit of the love of a man and a mare

Experts argue that sexual contact between humans and animals cannot lead to the conception of a new creature. This is completely out of the question. Even apes that are very anatomically similar to humans, such as chimpanzees, gorillas and gibbons, have never been crossed with humans.

Moreover, scientists explain, it would also be impossible to cross a modern man with a medieval man, if such an opportunity arose. Since with the development of mankind, the set of chromosomes changes, and now we are very different not only from goats, sheep and pigs, but also from our ancestors 400 years ago.

Nevertheless, both in the distant past and to this day, many people believed and believe that such "unions" are possible, and even believe that their ancestors were various animals. Malgashi, for example, believe that they descended from a zebra, Tibetans from a monkey, Dahomey from a leopard. Indians and Tatars believed in horse ancestors. The Ainu believe in their origin from the dog.

Plutarch tells the following story in Paradoxes: “A young shepherd showed me the child he had from his mare. Top part the body of the newborn was completely human, but the lower one was horse. The child cried like an ordinary newborn. "

Did centaurs exist in reality?

With the spread of the Christian religion, attitudes towards sex with animals have changed. They began to interpret it as a grave sin, but despite the taboos and prohibitions, copulation with animals continued to be ubiquitous among both women and men.

The famous Paracelsus and Fortunio Liceti, an Italian obstetrician of the 16th century and a kind of great expert in the affairs of ugly children, list numerous cases of the birth of human children by animals and the birth of animals or hybrids by women. The "fathers" were, as a rule, horses, dogs, lions and even unicorns.

The famous physician Ambroise Paré in his notes tells how in Verona a mare, fertilized by her master, gave birth to a centaur. There was also the case of a woman who gave birth to a child with the body of a dog below the waist. In 1685, the great anatomist Bartholin claimed that he himself saw a woman who, after intercourse with a cat, gave birth to a child with a cat's head.

Even in late XIX century, some British researchers considered it probable and wrote that black women married gorillas. The women allegedly taught monkeys to use fire and do many simple household chores. And their children - half-humans, half-monkeys - were even able to speak

This amazing Oliver

Today, no one can say for certain that they have met offspring from the "marriage union" of a monkey and a man. But those people who happened to see a male chimpanzee nicknamed Oliver make the unequivocal conclusion that the existence of such offspring is quite possible.

This amazing creature was caught in the impenetrable jungle of the Congo and sold in South Africa to the Barger couple, who trained wild animals for various shows. Oliver immediately struck the imagination of the couple. He walked only on his hind legs, was distinguished by restrained demeanor and amazing quick wit.

The chimpanzee copied the behavior of people so accurately that it seemed that he was doing it meaningfully. If Oliver was given a coin, he went to the machine with soft drinks and brought from there a bottle of Coca-Cola.

He was feeding the dog the Bargers, a huge dog who treated the monkey like a man. In the house, he went to the toilet and flushed water behind him. Most of all, the spouses liked when Oliver - just like Frank Barger, sat in the evening at the TV with a glass of whiskey in his hands. Copying the owner, he mixed alcohol with orange juice, sipped the cocktail in small sips and blinked blissfully at the TV screen.

Outwardly, Oliver was also different from other monkeys. A hairless head and chest, a lighter than usual color of intelligent eyes, a weighted lower jaw and ears, more similar in shape to humans, made an unusual impression on everyone who saw him. The monkeys shunned Oliver, and he often sat alone sadly.

Scientists have shown great interest in the amazing chimpanzee. Experts at the University of Chicago did a blood test for Oliver and were amazed that he had 47 chromosomes. This is one less chromosome than is normal in monkeys, and one more than in humans.

Biologists have put forward several hypotheses about Oliver's origins. Some argued that this is a mutant that appeared as a result of human disturbance of the ecology of Central Africa, others believed that the unusual chimpanzee was the result of a love affair between a pygmy and a monkey.

Peace reigned in the Barger family until Oliver reached puberty. He began to take an interest not in female chimpanzees, but in Jeannette Barger. They did not wear trousers on Oliver, so Jeannette saw that when she appeared, his whole nature was in revolt. He quickly ran up to the hostess, climbed under her skirt, tried to knock her to the ground. However, in the presence of Frank, the male behaved modestly.

At first Oliver was amused by this behavior, but then he didn’t. jokingly scared. One night, when Frank was not at home, Oliver entered his wife's bedroom through the window. She almost fainted when, suddenly waking up, she saw the bared mouth of a monkey, already ripping off her nightgown and spreading her legs with powerful hairy paws. Jeannette miraculously escaped from the inflamed animal.

After this incident, the Bargers sold the monkey to one of the medical laboratories in Pennsylvania, where it was studied quite thoroughly. It is not known whether sexual experiments were carried out with the participation of women ...

Meanwhile, in Indonesia, a cow was sacrificed to the gods of the sea after she became pregnant by ... a village elder. This elder, who had publicly sex with a cow in a barn a few months ago, took an active part in the sacrifice. When they started drowning the cow, he tore off all his clothes and threw them into the water, thereby symbolizing the cleansing from sins.

It should be noted that the sex of an elder with a cow and the subsequent sacrifice of an animal - the so-called "gamya gamana" ritual - is one of the most ancient rituals regularly performed in Indonesian villages.