Large anti-submarine ship of project 61 is glorious. Bpk capable. Biographies of domestic ships
By the mid-1950s, the need of the Soviet fleet for new escort ships, capable of protecting formations of attack surface ships and convoys from attacks by aviation, nuclear submarines and anti-ship (cruise) missiles, as well as ensuring the deployment of their submarines, sharply increased. Successful pursuit of enemy nuclear submarines required high speed, powerful anti-submarine weapons, and anti-aircraft missile systems to repel attacks from supersonic aircraft.
On March 14, 1956, the Commander-in-Chief of the USSR Navy approved an operational-technical assignment for the development of an anti-aircraft and anti-submarine defense patrol ship (SKR PVO-PLO). The tactical and technical assignment was prepared by the Institute of Military Shipbuilding and approved by the Commander-in-Chief of the Navy on December 3, 1956. At this stage, the composition of the armament and its linearly elevated layout were determined. (In total, seven options for the placement of weapons were worked out.) The selected layout made it possible to use almost all of the ship's weapons for firing on one side, which helped to repel group attacks by aviation. It was decided to place the hydroacoustics in a lowered under-keel fairing to reduce the draft and facilitate the operation of the ship. It was assumed that the displacement will fit in 3600 tons. The designers were also asked to consider the option with a gas turbine power plant (GTU), and this could reduce the displacement by 15%. This solution turned out to be the most optimal for the created patrol.
The tactical and technical elements of the future ship, which received the designation "Project 61", were approved on April 30, 1957 by a decree of the USSR Council of Ministers. The Leningrad Central Design Bureau-53 was appointed the lead developer, and the chief designer was B.I. Kupensky (1916-1982), who had previously worked in the Kaliningrad Central Design Bureau-820 and designed the project 50 TFR. replaced by O.T. Safronov.
Designing a new patrol ship turned out to be a difficult task, in particular, due to the discrepancy between the declared and true weight and size characteristics of the weapons and equipment created for it. This led to an increase in the standard displacement of the TFR to 3440 tons. When creating an anti-aircraft missile system for the projected ship, it was decided to do without a special air defense system, but only to modify the land missile of the S-125 air defense forces ("Neva"). The result was the first ship prototype of the short-range air defense missile system, named "Volna".
The GTU was developed at the Southern Turbine Plant (YuTZ) in Nikolaev and in the final version was a two-shaft unit with two autonomous main gas turbine units and reversible gearboxes.
The ships of Project 61 were created as TFR, but on May 19, 1966 they were assigned to the newly created BOD class. The ships that underwent modernization under the 61M / 61MP project were reclassified as DBK on June 28, 1977, but returned to the BOD class on October 14, 1980. Finally, in January 1992, the "singing frigates" that remained in service again became the TFR. It is curious that in fact they are the closest to destroyers: it is to this class that all foreign naval reference books rank them; They are also considered destroyers in the fleets of India and Poland.
The Commander-in-Chief of the Navy approved the draft design of the ship on September 3, 1957, and the USSR Council of Ministers approved on September 18, 1957. After that, the designers began to develop a technical project, which they completed in March next year. The technical project was officially approved on August 15, 1958 by the decision of the Navy and the State Committee for Shipbuilding (GKS). A.A. Pevzner and A.A. Terentyev were appointed deputy chief designer of project 61. The technical project (revised, negotiated) for the lead ship was signed by B.I.Kupensky on April 22, 1965, and the chief observer from the Navy on the project, 61, 2nd Rank Engineer-Captain Okatov, was signed on June 4, 1965. The lead ship itself began to be built back in September 1958, with the official bookmark on September 15, 1959.
The Navy ordered the industry of 20 ships according to project 61 with the deployment of 15 units in Nikolaev at the plant named after 61 Communards and 5 units at the Leningrad plant named after A.A. Zhdanov. The construction of the ships began even before the approval of the contractual technical documentation. They were handed over to the fleet "on credit", with many imperfections, which were then gradually eliminated. In a number of sources, it is customary to divide Project 61 ships into two groups: 7 units of the first (with two Angara radars) and the rest - the second (with one Angara radar and one Cleaver radar). The latter are sometimes referred to in documents as project 61A. Some of the ships (6 units) were later modernized according to the 61M project (61 MP) and one - according to the 61E project. Project 61ME (chief designer A.A. Shishkin) was specially developed for the Indian Navy, and five ships were ordered for it.
Large anti-submarine ships of the Komsomolets Ukrainy type (Project 61) are rightfully considered milestone in the history of world shipbuilding. They were strikingly different from their predecessors in terms of the composition of weapons, architecture, driving and maneuverability. But, most importantly, these were the world's first serial combat ships with a gas turbine power plant. For the melodic whistle of gas turbines, they were aptly dubbed "singing frigates."
All ships of this type were intensively operated in all four fleets of the USSR Navy, demonstrating the high reliability of their power plants. One of them - "Brave" - died from the explosion of the rocket cellar and the subsequent fire. "Brave" in 1987 was transferred to the Polish Navy. The rest of the "singing frigates" honestly served the Motherland and were gradually withdrawn from the fleets. By the end of 1998, only two of them remained in the ranks - the Black Sea "Restrained" and "Sharp".
Tests of the lead ship
The lead patrol ship of project 61 - SKR-25 - was launched on December 31, 1960 and on October 15, 1962 under the name "Komsomolets Ukrainy" presented for state tests. Its main units M-3 and gas turbine generators GTU-6 have not yet been fully worked out, and it was decided to carry out tests at modes no more than 65% of power with a speed of at least 30 knots. The Navy and the GKS made a joint decision to repeat the tests with the development of full speed only after the planned replacement of the M-3 and GTU-6 units with new and completely used ones. During inclining, the standard displacement of 3400 tons was determined with a displacement margin of 65 tons and a stability margin of 0.04 m. The displacement of the ship was 3790 tons, the GAS POU-12 fairing was completely lowered. With the fairing raised, the power of the power plant exceeded the calculated one by 17%. This result was explained by the intensive fouling of the ship's hull from June 1962. The minimum possible speed was allowed 8 knots at 62 rpm. The ship was tested in storm conditions ranging from 4 to 7 points and confirmed its satisfactory seaworthiness; roll stabilizers also worked effectively.
The commission indicated a high level of noise at combat posts and in the premises of the ship, especially in the cockpits and cabins (up to 106 dB). Noting the successful location of the weapon, she at the same time drew attention to the low reliability of the first samples of the Volna air defense missile system and the Turel control system, the short detection range of submarines by ship sonars, which did not allow the effective use of torpedoes and rocket-propelled bombs.
The act of acceptance was signed on December 31, 1962, but it took even more than a year and a half to eliminate deficiencies and breakdowns. After replacing the gas turbines in July 1964 with new, modified ones, Komsomolets Ukrainy reached a full speed of 35.5 knots, which was one and a half knots higher than the calculated one.
The cost of the lead ship of Project 61 was 30 million rubles (in 1962 prices). With serial construction, the cost of ships steadily decreased. Already the fourth ship of the series - "Brave" - cost the treasury 22.2 million rubles, and the penultimate one - "Fast" - cost less than 17.5 million rubles.
For the creation of Project 61 ships in 1966, a group of designers and builders was awarded the Lenin Prize (B.I.Kupensky, A.A.Pevzner, R.S.Vlasyev, L.P. Malantenko, etc.). The chief designer of the ship is B.I. Kupensky will subsequently design the first Soviet heavy nuclear cruiser of the Kirov class (project 1144).
Construction and modifications
In total, the domestic industry built 25 ships according to project 61 and its modifications. The domestic fleet received 20 BODs; later, 5 more modified ships were built for the Indian Navy.
The question of the need to strengthen the armament of the "singing frigates" arose even in the process of their construction, and the twentieth ship of the series - "Restrained" - was being completed according to the modernized project 61M. Five more ships were rebuilt according to a similar project (code 61MP). The essence of the modernization consisted in the placement of four launch containers of anti-ship missiles, a new hydroacoustic station "Platina" with a sub-keel and towed antenna. The cruising range was increased and the artillery was strengthened by replacing two RBU-1000 with four 30-mm gun mounts with fire control stations.
The next modernization option consisted in replacing two "Volna" air defense missile systems with three new generation multi-channel air defense systems. The project received the code 61 E. In addition to "Agile", it was planned to re-equip 5 more ships for the Northern Fleet in the same way, but these plans remained on paper. Even the "Agile" did not undergo a complete modernization: only a prototype of the new "Uragan" air defense system was installed on it and the "Cleaver" radar was replaced by the "Fregat-M" radar. Linear placement of two similar air defense missile systems "Uragan" in the bow of the "Provorny" also did not take place, although the area for them was reserved (in place of the bow battery of the "Volna" UZRK).
As an experimental ship for testing new hydroacoustics, the BOD "Svobodny" was intended, on which the repair was never completed. On the ship, it was planned to place towed (at different levels from the water surface) hydroacoustic antennas on special side overhangs-pontoons in the aft end of the hull. This would give the ship an unattractive angular appearance, and the towing device itself could easily be damaged by the impact of waves in stormy weather. The ship, which had not completed the modernization according to project 01091, was scrapped and sold abroad for cutting.
The last version of modernization was carried out at the Smetlivy BOD (TFR). Its main feature was the use of a new marine non-acoustic complex MNK-300, the antenna of which is a 300-meter cable towed astern, which receives a complex of various radiation and reacts to the thermal, radiation and noise trail of an enemy submarine. In place of the two RBU-1000, they installed guides for containers of Uranus missiles, dismantled the aft artillery tower and built a room for the MNK-300 in the aft end. Near the wheelhouse, the PK-10 and PK-16 jamming systems were placed, as well as several additional radars and control systems for anti-ship missiles. The ship was practically left without an anti-submarine helicopter: it was adopted from the industry with a lot of imperfections.
Finally, another version of the basic project 61 deserves a separate story. In 1974, a delegation from India visited the USSR: she chose the cheapest version of an ocean-going ship to escort her aircraft carrier. Most of all she liked the "singing frigate", but the customer wished to strengthen the artillery, missile weapons and place the helicopter in the hangar. The result was actually a new ship project (code 61ME), developed under the leadership of chief designer A.A. Shishkin. Four launchers with modified (export) P-20 anti-ship missiles were placed in the bow of the ship (side by side). Instead of the AK-726 stern gun mount and the Turel control station, we managed to squeeze in a semi-recessed helicopter hangar. It was planned to place an AK-100 gun mount in the bow, but at one time permission to sell it for export was not received, and the ships were armed with the old, time-tested AK-726. The Indian Navy first ordered three ships of this project, and later two more. All of them are still in service, and are officially classified as destroyers.
Dates of delivery to the fleet of large anti-submarine ships of project 61 and its modifications
Name Head No. * Laid in Enrolled Launched Entered
ship to the lists of the Navy
"Koms.Ukrainy" 170115.09.195910.11.195931.12.196031.12.1962 Until 09.10.1962 - SKR-25.
"Smart" 170220.07.196025.09.196104.11.196126.12.1963 Until 21.03.1963 - SKR-44.
"Agile" ** 170310.02.196123.03.196221.04.196225.12.1964 Until 01.10.1964 - SKR-37.
"Brave" 170410.08.196303.07.196317.10.196431.12.1965 Until 17.02.1965 - "Eagle".
"Slender" 170520.03.196424.05.196528.07.196515.12.1966 Upgraded according to Project 61 MP.
"Red Caucasus" 170625.11.196425.11.196409.02.196625.09.1967
"Resolute" 170725.06.196524.01.196730.06.196630.12.1967
"Smart" 170815.08.196501.07.196722.10.196627.09.1968 Upgraded according to Project 61 MP.
"Strict" 170922.02.196612.01.196829.04.196724.12.1968
"Sharp-witted" 171015.07.196615.06.196826.08.196725.09.1969
"Brave" 171115.11.196620.12.196806.02.196827.12.1969 Upgraded according to Project 61 MP.
"Red Crimea" 171223.02.196809.02.197028.02.196915.10.1970
"Capable" 171310.03.196925.04.197011.04.197025.09.1971 Began with the modernization.
"Fast" 171420.04.197020.10.197026.02.197123.09.1972
"Restrained" 171510.03.197120.10.197025.02.197230.12.1973 Completed on Project 61M.
"Ognevoy" 75109.05.196227.08.196231.05.196331.12.1964 Until 01.10.1964 - SKR-31,
modernized according to project 61 MP.
"Exemplary" 75229.07.196329.01.196423.02.196429.09.1965
"Gifted" 75322.01.196312.08.196411.09.196430.12.1965
"Glorious" 75426.07.196409.07.196424.04.196530.09.1966 Upgraded according to Project 61 MP.
"Guarding" 75526.07.196409.07.196420.02.196621.12.1966.
* BODs with serial numbers 1701-1715 were built in Nikolaev at the plant named after 61 Communards, and BODs with serial numbers 751-755 were built in Leningrad at the shipyard named after A.A. Zhdanov.
** BOD "Provorny" was rebuilt for experimental purposes according to Project 61E.
Dates of delivery by the industry of large anti-submarine ships for the Indian Navy, built according to the project 61-ME
NameDescriptionNo. Laid down
Navy of the USSR in the Indian Navy
"Reliable" RAJPUT 220111.09.197614.04.197617.09.197730.11.197904.05.1980
"Disastrous" RANA 220229.11.197613.02.197827.09.197830.09.198110.02.1982
"Dexterous" RANJIT 220329.06.197730.10.198116.06.197920.07.198324.11.1983
"Solid" RANVIR 220424.10.198111.04.198312.03.198330.12.19851986
"Sensible" RANJIVEY 220519.03.198211.04.198301.02.198615.10.19871988
NOTES:
1. All five ships were built in Nikolaev at the plant named after 61 Communards.
2. The BODs "Disastrous" and "Dexterous" were supposed to be renamed on 05/16/1977 into "Inquisitive" and "Striking" (respectively).
Biographies of Russian ships of project 61
"KOMSOMOLETS UKRAINE"
The first-born of a series of "singing frigates" was enlisted in the lists of the USSR Navy on November 10, 1959 as an air defense-PLO (anti-aircraft and anti-submarine defense) patrol ship with the tactical number SKR-25. The solemn laying on the slipway of the plant No. 445 named after 61 Communards took place on September 15, 1959, and on December 31, 1960, at 13.00, the hull of the new patrol boat was launched. Completion was carried out at a frantic pace, and already on December 27, 1961, the USSR naval flag was raised for the first time over the SKR-25 ( If you take a closer look at the timeline for the construction of the "singing frigates", you will find an interesting fact: most of the ships enter service in the Navy by the end of December. This clearly indicates that the ship is being rented out by the industry with imperfections and in a hurry, since it is necessary to "report" about the success and receive bonuses. Komsomolets Ukrainy is no exception). And the next day he was literally "pushed out" of the water area of the plant with the order to move to Sevastopol. The tugs brought the patrol boat along the Dnieper-Bug estuary into the Black Sea and anchored. The first commander of the ship, Captain 3rd Rank Alexander Alekseevich Isaev, was in a hurry to complete the pre-holiday passage, since there were about 500 people on board instead of the 230 required by the staff (in addition to the crew, there were factory workers and specialists here). The mechanical installation was still "raw", and its chief designer S. Kolosov suggested postponing the exit. Deficiencies were found in the main reversible gearbox, gas turbine generators and automation turned out to be unreliable. But on December 31, 1961, at 12.45, the turbines were launched and the SKR-25 for the first time began to move on its own. The passage in the conditions of a winter night went well. On the morning of January 1, the ship entered the Northern Bay of Sevastopol. Acceptance tests and fine-tuning began, the crew studied new equipment in practice. Only on November 23, 1964, the ship was officially included in the Red Banner Black Sea Fleet. In honor of the 40th anniversary of the Komsomol's patronage over the fleet, the SKR-25 was renamed "Komsomolets Ukrainy", and the Komsomol of the city of Vinnitsa took over its patronage.
In the summer of 1964, formally, even before it was included in the KChF, Komsomolets Ukrainy together with the same type “Smart” first entered combat service in the Mediterranean Sea. As part of a detachment of ships under the flag of Admiral S.E. Chursina (on the cruiser "Mikhail Kutuzov") "Komsomolets Ukrainy" visited the Yugoslav ports of Split and Dubrovnik (June 18 - 25, 1964). In the autumn of the same year, the ship delivered to the Bulgarian port of Burgas for joint exercises a group of senior command personnel of the USSR Armed Forces headed by Marshal A.A. Grechko and Commander-in-Chief of the Navy S.G. Gorshkov.
In the spring of 1965, Loriy Trofimovich Kuzmin became the commander of Komsomolets Ukrainy. The command staff for other ships of the series under construction, including for the "Leningrad" TFR "Ognevoy", was tested on the Komsomolets Ukrainy. For the first place in rocket firing, the ship was awarded on February 19, 1966, the Challenge Prize of the USSR Navy and a diploma of the Commander-in-Chief of the USSR Navy, and on March 25 of the same year - a diploma from the Commander of the KChF for high performance in the socialist competition in honor of XXIII Congress of the CPSU.
On May 19, 1966, the "singing frigates" were reclassified from patrol ships to large anti-submarine ships. In the same year, "Komsomolets Ukrainy" again goes into combat service in the Mediterranean Sea. In the period from 5 to 30 June 1967, he performs combat missions to provide assistance to the armed forces of Egypt (during the Arab-Israeli conflict). At the same time, four BODs of Project 61 took part in this action: "Komsomolets Ukrainy", "Smart", "Agile" and "Otvazhny", which were part of the 5th squadron of the USSR Navy. The ships were based at the ports of Alexandria and Port Said. In the spring of 1970, Komsomolets Ukrainy takes part in the Ocean maneuvers (April-May) and makes an official visit to Algeria (May 8-13). Further treks continue from December 20, 1970 to May 7, 1971, from May 5 to December 20, 1972, and from March 9 to July 26, 1973.
During the explosion and fire at the Otvazhny shipyard, the sailors of the Komsomolets Ukrainy provide assistance to the burning fellow, and later participate in the "investigative experiment" - simulating the disaster together with the Resolute ship.
The line for overhaul and modernization of weapons reached the "Komsomolets Ukrainy" only on May 23, 1977. Until August 7, 1979, the ship underwent dock and overhaul in Nikolaev and Sevastopol with the replacement of the B-600 missiles with the B-601, the installation of a new cellar irrigation and signaling system "Karat-M".
The repaired ship again goes into combat service in the Mediterranean Sea only in 1981. Later he participates in the Shield-82 exercises, in the Granit-85 maneuvers, visits Greece (November 18-22, 1986, the port of Piraeus), Tunisia (November 17-21, 1987) and Turkey (June 28 - July 2, 1989, Istanbul).
The ship is part of the renowned 30th surface ship division of the KChF (70th brigade), and since 1990 has been part of the 150th surface ship brigade. For almost thirty years of service, "Komsomolets Ukrainy" practically did not have any accidents, with the exception of damage to the left propeller during a pile-up on a milestone on March 1, 1982 and a fire in the first engine room on December 12, 1980 with the death of one person. The fire broke out at about 5 am and lasted 9 hours and 20 minutes until it was extinguished by the civil firefighters of Sevastopol.
After the collapse of the USSR and the division of the territory of Russia and Ukraine, the issue of the next overhaul for the BOD disappeared by itself. The protracted division of property and ships of the Black Sea Fleet hastened the decommissioning of Komsomolets Ukrainy. By order of the commander of the KChF of June 24, 1991, he was expelled from the fleet, disarmed and transferred to the department of stock property (OFI KChF) for dismantling and sale. The flag was lowered on November 9, 1992 in the presence of the ship's veterans. The crew was officially disbanded on December 31, 1992, and then the ship was towed to the slop from berth 12 in Troitskaya Bay. Here, by the way, the decommissioned "Provorny" (Project 61ME) and anti-submarine cruiser "Leningrad" (Project 1123) were already waiting for their fate. On February 18, 1993, the BOD "Provorny" was the first to be sent to Inkerman for cutting. It is curious that the following year, the side numbers of the two remaining decommissioned ships were replaced: now they corresponded to the factory building numbers. The numbers 1701 appeared on board the "Komsomolets Ukrainy". Object 1701 was delivered to Inkerman only on May 3, 1995, and three weeks later only pieces of superstructures remained from the unique ship - the first-born of the series and a masterpiece of domestic shipbuilding. It was not possible to save the "singing frigate" as a monument.
"CONSIDERABLE"
The second ship of the series inherited the name and the guards flag from the destroyer of the same name of the Black Sea Fleet, which became famous during the Great Patriotic War. "Smart" was officially included in the KChF on November 23, 1963. Together with the Komsomolets Ukrainy and the cruiser Mikhail Kutuzov (June 18-25, 1964), he visits the Yugoslav port of Split. From June 1 to June 31, 1967, he performs combat missions to provide assistance to the armed forces of Egypt, and upon returning to the Black Sea, he pays a visit to Varna (August 12-15, 1967). The next year, the ship visits the Yugoslav ports of Kotor and Zelenika (January 29 - February 4, 1968). Throughout 1968 (from January 1 to December 31), the ship spent in the Mediterranean, assisting the Egyptian Navy in repelling Israeli aggression. In 1969 "Savvy" together with the missile cruiser "Grozny" and the large missile ship "Bedovy" visited the capital of Cuba. At 9 o'clock in the morning on June 20, 1969, following into the wake of the flagship "Grozny" (detachment commander Rear Admiral SS Sokolan), "Savvy" entered Havana. Top officials of the country visited the ships: Prime Minister Fidel Castro, President Osvaldo Dorticos, Minister of the Armed Forces Raul Castro, Commander of the Navy Aldo Santa Maria. The exceptionally warm welcome of the Soviet sailors continued until June 27, when the ships left Cuba. It is interesting to note that "Grozny" and "Savvy" (side number 524) at that time carried a light color - the color "ivory", since they were planned to be demonstrated at the World Exhibition in Montreal as examples of the achievements of Soviet shipbuilding. For a number of reasons, this campaign did not take place. But both ultra-modern ships took part in the filming of the then popular movie "Neutral Waters", where "Smart" "played the role" of an American frigate.
In May 1974, the ship visits Tunisia.
In the period from October 1, 1976 to November 28, 1978, the BOD is being overhauled and modernized at the Sevastopol Marine Plant. And soon he was transferred to a new duty station - the Northern Fleet. On August 6, 1982 he was officially enrolled in the KSF "Soobrazitelny". He became part of the 10th brigade of anti-submarine ships, and later - since 1987 - part of the 120th brigade of missile ships. During the next combat service "Soobrazitelny" visited the Irish port of Cork (September 26-30, 1985). On October 1, 1988, the outdated ship was taken out for storage and laid up in Severomorsk (board number 632). Since May 1990, the number 611 appeared on board the BOD, but on July 3, 1992, it was finally excluded from the Navy. By October 23, the crew of the "Savvy" was disbanded, and in mid-1994 the hull of the "singing frigate" was towed to India for cutting into metal.
"PROMPT"
Until October 1, 1964, the ship was named SKR-37. He was included in the KChF. "Agile" three times performed combat missions to provide assistance to the armed forces of Egypt (from 1 to 31 June 1967 and from 1 January to 31 December 1968) and Syria (from 5 to 24 October 1973). In the period from 2 to 7 July 1973, he visited the French port of Marseille as part of a detachment of Soviet ships (missile cruiser "Grozny" and BOD "Krasny Kavkaz"). Rear Admiral E.I. Volobuev. The call to Marseille was a response to the visit of the French ships to Leningrad. Soviet sailors visited Toulon, Nice, Paris. After returning to Sevastopol, the BPK was transferred to Nikolaev for major repairs, and on March 22, 1974 "Agile" moored at the berth wall of the plant named after 61 Communards. The repair work was accompanied by the re-equipment of the ship according to the project 61E (experimental). Actually, the development of the modernization project was carried out in the period from August 22, 1973 to August 27, 1974, and "Agile" just "turned up by hand", being undergoing a major overhaul. By April 16, 1975, the main work was completed, but mooring tests on the ship began only on December 2, 1977, and state tests of the new M-22 Uragan anti-aircraft missile system - from June 12, 1978. "Agile" by this time was already in Sevastopol (from November 5, 1976).
"SAM M-22" Uragan "- product 3M90 - ready for testing on June 12, 1978 (chief designer Gennady Nikitovich Volgin). The missiles 9M38, 9M38-V1A, 9M38-UDR were tested. The ZI-90 charger (serial number 01) was scrapped on July 31, 1990. Drawings of the 3S-90 launcher (serial number 70/1) were developed on October 3, 1973, and preliminary tests were carried out on December 12-13, 1975. The ZS-90 installation has been commissioned since December 1975, and only 137 missile launches were carried out on it. PU 3S-90 with a storage, supply and loading system (drum for 24 missiles) was decommissioned from "Provorny" on July 31, 1990 and transferred to the OFI KChF on October 31, 1990 (36 tons of metal). According to the project, it was planned to install three Uragan complexes (2 launchers in the bow and 1 launcher in the stern), but only the stern launcher was placed. The time for opening the covers: estimated - 2 minutes, in fact - 3 minutes 30 s, and closing the covers - 1 minute and 1 minute 30 s (respectively). Vertical guidance mode: calculated - 70 deg / s, in fact - 25 deg / s. Horizontal guidance mode: calculated-110 deg / s, in fact - 40 deg / s. The ship is equipped with the following complexes: target designation (ZR-90), 34-90, ZK-90, navigation devices AVIKO, VIKO (3 each), the "Palma" attachment (12.24.1977), the "Zvezdochka-M-61" equipment "And MPP-315.
The ASPOI system (automatic system for searching and displaying information) docks with the ZR-90, the Fregat-M (MR-700) radar and the Pult-61-KE radar. The Silicon product is connected to the Fregat-M radar. Room 12 houses the Orekh-202 digital computing complex. The ship is equipped with MPTs-301, Parus products, two MR-105 (Turel) radars, Kurs-5 gyrocompass, MGL-50 log, two Volga radars for monitoring surface and low-flying targets; interrogator "Nickel-KM", radar MR-310 ("Angara-A"), radar "Don", system "Fire-50M", GAS MG-311, MG-312, MG-26, MG-409, system C -15, MPP-301, "Tablet" and others "...
In 1981, "Agile" made a cruise to the Northern Fleet, and since 1982 was part of the 70th brigade of the 30th division of anti-submarine ships of the KChF (board number 724, commander - Captain 3rd rank A. Potvorov). From March 1, 1987 to March 21, 1988, overhaul began at Provorny. Then the work was suspended, as the BOD had already served its almost 25-year term. With 70% readiness, "Provorny" was expelled from the Navy on August 21, 1990. The ship was stationed in Sevastopol (board number 713) and was included in the 150th brigade of surface ships of the KChF.
The last commanders of the ship were Captains 3rd Rank A. Formozov (since January 1, 1987), V. Melentyev (since 1989) and V. Mikhailov, under whom the Provorny crew was disbanded on December 31, 1990. The BOD hull, painted with red lead, was dragged to the dump to the Troitsky pier in Sevastopol. There, the superstructure of the "Provorny" was pretty crumpled by the decommissioned anti-submarine cruiser "Leningrad" in 1991, which fell on the BOD during its towing. “Provorny” set off to the place of its last rest on February 18, 1993 and within three weeks was completely cut into scrap metal in Inkerman by the “Vtorchermet” enterprise.
"BRAVE"
The ship was included in the KChF on January 25, 1966 and during its short life managed to make seven campaigns for military service. From 5 to 30 June 1967, "Brave" performed a combat mission to provide assistance to the armed forces of Egypt and visited Port Said (10-14 July 1967). In 1968-1969, he underwent current repairs at the 61 Communards plant in Nikolaev with the modernization of missile weapons. Since 1969, Captain 3rd Rank Ivan Petrovich Vinnik was appointed the ship's commander.
In 1970, the Otvazhny was declared an excellent ship of the KChF, participated in the Ocean maneuvers, went out to the Atlantic and to the shores of Cuba. In 1972-1973, he underwent another eight-month repair with docking in Sevastopol and was introduced into the campaign on May 11, 1973, and on the first line - on August 14 of the same year. As part of a detachment of ships under the command of Rear Admiral L.Ya. Vasyukova (flagship cruiser Admiral Ushakov) Otvazhny paid an official friendly visit to the Italian ports of Taranto (October 15-18) and Messina (October 19-22). The last combat service in the Mediterranean for the "Brave" lasted from November 10, 1973 to March 6, 1974. The ship was part of the 70th brigade of anti-submarine ships under hull number 530. Since its construction, the BOD has carried out 33 launches of anti-aircraft missiles, including 8 missiles in 1965 and 7 missiles in 1973. Day of the USSR Navy - July 28, 1974 - "Brave" with two patrol boats of the 35A project met in Nikolaev, on the Southern Bug river in front of the Varvarovsky bridge. From 4 to 7 August 1974, he participated in the next naval exercises, and from 27 August he was to become the flagship control ship at the second stage of the exercise. "Brave" was supposed to ensure the firing of small missile ships and participate in anti-submarine exercises with torpedo firing. On August 29, the BOD under the command of Captain 2nd Rank I.P. Vinnik went to sea, successfully fired off with torpedoes, and at dawn on August 30, stood on the roadstead of Streletskaya Bay to receive Rear Admiral V.Kh. Sahakyan and a group of senior officers. On this day, the ship was to provide anti-aircraft firing from RTOs at the training ground number 36 (Cape Khersones region). At 9.55 Otvazhny arrived in the test area, a combat training alert was announced on the ship.
At 10.00 - the crew members, who are near the aft rocket cellar, heard hiss, crackling, cotton. A minute later there was a spontaneous operation of the main engine of one of the missiles in the aft cellar. After another 25 - 30 s the starting engine of the second rocket went off, then the other ... Three successive explosions of the stern battery rockets were heard. The roof of the aft superstructure, along with the launch pad, was torn off and thrown onto the aft chimneys. The main transverse bulkheads on the 191-215th frames were destroyed, cracks and ruptures formed in the ship's hull, 24 crew members died. Water flooded three compartments (No. 10-12, from 164 to 233rd sht.) And the room of the refrigerating machine No. 3 (9th compartment). Already 8 minutes after the explosion, the ship had a roll to starboard up to 12 ° with a trim to the stern of 1.5 m. By 10.20 the fire in the stern increased and began to spread from the ignition of the escaping fuel (fire up to 164th sp.). To avoid detonation, five combat torpedoes were shot overboard from the burning BOD. Approaching the "Otvazhny" BRK "Conscious" (project 56A) dropped at 10.56 an emergency rescue group (ASG) of ten people and began towing the burning ship to the shore. At 11:45 am, the LRA of 11 people landed on the "Otvazhny" and from the RSC "Bedovy". Due to the jammed rudder, the towing proceeded slowly, and at 11.43 "Conscious" confused the commands and stopped towing, chopping off the ends. For an hour, the towing of the Otvazhny was not resumed. The Komsomolets Ukrainy, who came to the rescue, tried to shoot down the flames in the area of cellar No. 10 with water jets (from 12.19 to 12.45), but was forced to step aside. At 12.45, the "Otvazhny" was towed by "Bedovy" (until 15.41) at a speed of 2-3 knots and towards the open sea. PDS-123 and tug SB-15 tried to extinguish the fire on Otvazhny. But the roll to starboard had already exceeded 16 ° by this time, and the fire drove the crew fighting for the survivability of the ship into the bow. At 14.00, the wounded and injured were removed from the board of the "Otvazhny", and after another 10 minutes the foam was fed into the stern vehicle. At 14.45, the heating charge exploded the depth charges in cellar No. 10, and the fire spread to the cockpits No. 5 and 6. The explosion destroyed bulkheads on the 233-251st frames and flooded compartments No. 13, 14. The ship had already received 2,200 tons of water, almost 40 % of the hull length was flooded. The kerosene storage exploded. The roll of the "Brave" increased to 27 °, and it was already impossible to save it (the trim aft was 6.5 m, and the upper deck entered the water up to the barbette of the aft artillery tower). From 15.03 to 15.24 the personnel left the doomed ship. The roll to starboard increased to 32 °. Because of the loss of longitudinal stability, the "Brave" rose vertically in the water, lifting its bow, and went down astern without capsizing. It completely sank at 15.57 at a depth of 125 m. Subsequently, the equipment was dismantled from the sunken ship, and the hull was blown up on the ground.
"SLIM"
Even during construction, the ship was manned by a crew from the Northern Fleet, and after the completion of tests and acceptance, it was included in the KSF on December 30, 1966. Then the BOD entered combat service in the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic, based in Severomorsk. During the next service, "Slim" paid an official visit to the capital of Iceland - Reykjavik (October 25 - 28, 1969). Frequent stay in stormy conditions forced on May 28, 1971 to put the ship for overhaul, which took place in Nikolaev and ended on February 19, 1972. Then - again long campaigns, difficult military service. From November 6, 1980 to July 14, 1981 - modernization according to the project of 61 MP at the plant named after 61 Communards. The ship returned to the North in the fall of 1981, and for the next major overhaul it got to the factory wall in Murmansk only on January 19, 1990. Alas, repairing a worn-out ship turned out to be unprofitable. On April 12, 1990, he was expelled from the Navy, and on January 31, 1991, the crew was disbanded. In 1994, Stroyny's hull was sold to India for scrapping.
"RED CAUCASUS"
The corps of the "Krasny Kavkaz" was laid down on July 18, 1964, and the launching took place on June 15, 1966. The guards flag, inherited from the guards cruiser of the same name, was raised on October 22, 1967, and the ship was officially included in the KChF on October 13, 1967 ( According to the ship's documents, the dates of the biography of this BOD somewhat differ from those given by SS Berezhny in the "Marine collection" No. 1 for 1995 - Approx. ed.).
In 1967 and 1968, the "Red Caucasus" carried out combat missions in the Mediterranean to provide assistance to the armed forces of Egypt. In 1969 he received the prize of the commander of the KChF for rocket firing. The next year - again the prize for laying a mine, and in 1970 he is awarded the title of "Excellent ship".
In the period from 2 to 7 July 1973, the "Red Caucasus" visited the French port of Marseille. The ship was part of a detachment of Soviet ships under the flag of Rear Admiral EI Volobuev (RRC "Grozny" and BOD "Provorny"). In the same year, the "Red Caucasus" provided assistance to the armed forces of Syria (October 5-24, 1973). A year later, the guards ship again visits Syria (visit to Latakia on November 20 - 25, 1974) and at the end of the year it becomes the best at the KChF in navigational training. In 1967, the BOD was declared the best in the fleet in terms of survivability. In the period from March 10, 1981 to July 19, 1984 "Krasny Kavkaz" is undergoing a major overhaul and modernization of weapons in Nikolaev and Sevastopol. According to the results of 1984, he was declared the best in rocket shooting at the KChF. From 10 to 14 August 1984, the BOD visited Varna (Bulgaria), and during the next military service from 12 to 16 August 1985, he paid a visit to Tunisia. In 1985 "Krasny Kavkaz" was declared the best surface ship of the Mediterranean squadron. 1986 will be remembered for the BOD by another military service in the Atlantic, a visit to Cuba (October 20-24, 1986) and the presentation of the pennant of the USSR Minister of Defense "For Courage and Military Valor." In 1987 - again the Mediterranean and a visit to Tunisia (17 - 21 November). The ship is part of the 30th division of the KChF and in 1989 was declared the best in naval training among surface ships of the 2nd rank.
The collapse of the USSR turned out to be disastrous for the well-deserved ship. Chronic lack of money put the guardsman with hull number 820 on a slop at the berth of the Mine Wall of Sevastopol. No funds were found to repair the "Krasny Kavkaz", although a relatively small amount was required to return it to service. On May 1, 1998, he was decommissioned from the Black Sea Fleet. The last commander of the "Krasny Kavkaz" Captain 2nd Rank OA Kotlyarov on May 10 solemnly lowered the Guards St. Andrew's flag, which was raised the next day on the missile cruiser "Moskva" (former "Slava") by its new commander - Captain 1st Rank V. Kulikov ...
"DECISIVE"
The ship was included in the KChF on January 11, 1968. From June 1 to June 31 of the same year, he performed a combat mission in the Mediterranean to provide assistance to the Egyptian armed forces. From April 1 to December 31, 1968, "Resolute" again maintains a combat watch off the coast of this country. Upon returning from the third combat service, the ship visits the Bulgarian port of Varna (August 9-12, 1969). In 1971, the "Resolute" again leaves for the Mediterranean and, upon returning, pays a visit to the Syrian port of Latakia (December 14-18). From 6 to 9 October 1978 "Resolute" is on an official visit to the Italian port of Messina and takes part in events dedicated to the memory of the victims of the 1908 earthquake. On his return to Sevastopol, he pays a visit to Istanbul (November 16 - 20, 1978). Then the ship was based at Poti for several years, and crews were trained on board for the Indian "singing frigates" under construction. Upon returning to Sevastopol, "Resolute" is included in the 30th division. The hull and mechanisms of the ship are in good condition, and it is being prepared for conservation due to the lack of funds for modernization. On November 1, 1989, "Resolute" was decommissioned from the KChF, mothballed and laid up at the Troitskaya Balka berth of Sevastopol. It is officially included in the 63rd brigade of reserve ships and remains in good condition until 1997. But then follows its expulsion from the Navy, disarmament, plunder and sale through private commercial structures for scrap to India. For a number of reasons and customs difficulties, the ship, awaiting towing to India, up until the summer of 1998, defended in the Kilen Bay of Sevastopol.
"SMART"
After the construction of the Smyshleniy BPK, it was incorporated on October 21, 1968 into the KSF. He participated in the Ocean maneuvers in the spring of 1970, and between October 31 and November 9, 1971, he paid a friendly visit to the Cuban port of Havana. In 1975, the BPK returned to Nikolaev for overhaul and modernization according to the project of 61 MP, the work was completed in 1977. When moving to the North, the ship carries out combat service in the Mediterranean Sea. From 10 to 14 May 1978, he pays a visit to the French port of Bordeaux. "Smyshlyany" is a member of the 120th brigade of missile ships, and is on combat service in the Atlantic. In the period from 25 to 30 May 1987, he pays a business visit to the port of Sao Tome (Republic of Sao Tome and Principe). Since May 1990, the ship has been assigned the side number 644, and on February 22, 1993, it is officially excluded from the Russian Navy, and on June 30, 1993, its crew is finally disbanded. This is followed by the sale of the ship's hull for scrap to India.
"STRICT"
Immediately after the construction in Nikolaev, the Strogiy BPK was incorporated on January 8, 1969 into the KTOF. When moving to the Far East, the ship's route ran around Africa, across the Indian Ocean. During the passage, "Strict" paid a visit to the Somali ports of Berbera, Mogadishu and Kismai (December 5-7, 1969). The ship often carries out combat service in the Indian Ocean: from 4 to 8 February 1972, he visited the Ethiopian port of Massawa, from 2 to 7 June 1978 - the port of Victoria in the Seychelles, and when returning to Vladivostok from combat service - the Vietnamese port of Haiphong ( November 5-10, 1978). Twice "Strogiy" underwent medium repairs in Vladivostok and again went into combat service.
The last foreign port to visit was the Mozambique port of Maputo (June 22 - 26, 1985), where the BOD entered, returning to the Far East from Sevastopol, where it underwent a short urgent repair. On November 1, 1990, "Strogiy" was withdrawn from the Navy, mothballed and laid to rest in Vladivostok, and on June 30, 1993, it was finally expelled from the Navy and disarmed. Disbandment of the ship's crew began on February 11, 1994. The Strogo hull was sold for scrap to India. But while being towed, the ship sank during a storm in 1995 off Singapore.
"BRAVE"
The BOD "Sharp-eyed" first raised the naval flag on July 16, 1969, and was enrolled in the KChF on October 21, 1969. The ship makes long voyages, carries out combat service in the Mediterranean Sea and from 6 to 12 March 1973 visits the Syrian port of Latakia on an official visit. Before returning from combat service, the ship enters the Yugoslav city of Split (September 26 - October 1, 1973). The following year, the Smetlivy shipyard visited the Bulgarian port of Varna (August 9-13, 1974), and on August 30 of the same year, it took part in providing assistance to the Otvazhny shipbuilding ship that was on fire. In 1976 - 1977, anti-aircraft missile weapons were modernized on the ship and the Karat-M cellar irrigation system was installed. And again, campaigns for military service, a visit to Tunisia (June 26 - July 1, 1980). The need for overhaul and modernization of "Smetlivy" (49 million rubles were allocated for these purposes in 1987 prices) led the ship on February 19, 1987 to the quay wall of the Sevmorzavod. After the completion of the repair, it was supposed to be transferred to the Northern Fleet. By the time of the collapse of the USSR, the volume of work carried out did not exceed 70%, and the Sevmorzavod set a kind of record, having kept the ship under repair for more than eight years. The essence of the modernization of "Smetlivoye" consisted in the installation of a new submarine detection complex MNK-300 (for which the stern gun mount was removed) and the placement of launchers of promising anti-ship missiles "Uranus" in place of RBU-1000 bombers. Under normal operation, it took 12-14 months, but the Sevmorzavod managed to release the Russian ship with imperfections and in an unworkable form after eight years. During sea trials, the shafting suddenly rattled - it turned out that its alignment had not been carried out, since these works were not previously agreed upon. As a result, even at the spring gathering-cruise of the Black Sea Fleet ships in 1998, the Smetlivy could not be fully used. The sentry was sent to the shores of the Caucasus as a communication relay, since the only suitable type of weapon was the bow artillery tower of 76-mm guns. But the crew of "Sharp-witted" is making every effort to put their ship into operation as a full-fledged combat unit. Together with the Restrained, he remains one of the last two "living" ships in the family of "singing frigates".
"BRAVE"
"Brave" was officially enrolled in the KChF on January 9, 1970. Once he managed to attend military service in the Mediterranean Sea. Then it was decided to modernize it according to the project 61 MP. And in the period from December 11, 1972 to December 30, 1974, the ship underwent modernization in Nikolaev at the 61 Communards plant. (In the "Marine collection" No. 1 for 1995, the dates of the modernization and its location are incorrectly indicated. - Author.) After that, the "Brave" again enters the Mediterranean Sea and from September 17 to 22, 1976, pays a visit to the Italian port of Messina. On April 8-13, 1978, the "Brave" visits Algeria, and on April 13-18, 1979 - the Yugoslavian port of Rijeka. In 1981, "Brave" left Sevastopol and after the end of the next military service moved to the Baltic. In Riga, from December 17, 1982 to January 30, 1985, he underwent a major overhaul and was enlisted in the twice Red Banner Baltic Fleet. Here the fate of the "singing frigate" has changed abruptly.
At this time, the missile destroyer "Warsaw" (the former Soviet "Fair" project 56AE) was excluded from the Polish Navy, and the question of replacing the flagship with a new unit arose before the leadership of the Polish Navy. The Poles were offered "Brave". In the fall of 1987, the ship arrived in Poland for a month and a half familiarization with the ship of the future crew. And on January 19, 1988, the BOD was officially leased to the Polish Navy. The godmother of the new Polish destroyer "Warsaw" is Mrs. Christina Antos, a resident of Warsaw. The ship began to be based at the port of Gdynia as part of the 3rd flotilla of ships named after Commander Boleslav Romanovsky. "Warsaw" - "Brave" represented his new homeland with dignity during his visits to London (May 9 - 12, 1989), to Stockholm, Warnemünde, Rostock (1989), and to Kiel (1992). The ship has a side number 271, to date, part of the electronic equipment has been replaced on it - in particular, a Polish radar has been installed instead of the Volga navigation radar, the Angara-A radar antenna has been removed from the foremast to be replaced with a Polish-made NUR-27 ...
Missile destroyer Varshava remains the third "singing frigate" of the former Soviet fleet, still in combat formation, not counting five specially built Indian ships.
"RED CRIMEA"
Fate also gave this ship the right to carry the title of the Guards. On June 30, 1970, the guards flag of the cruiser of the same name flew on it for the first time. October 20, 1970 was included in the KCHF "Red Crimea". Not many people know that its hull in the underwater part for experimental purposes was covered with an anti-sonar coating. On May 15-19, 1971 and February 1-29, 1972, the BOD crew assisted the Egyptian armed forces in repelling Israeli aggression. July 3 - 7, 1975 "Red Crimea" together with the cruiser "Zhdanov" paid a visit to the French port of Toulon. The detachment was commanded by Rear Admiral V. I. Akimov. The Guards BOD also visited the ports of Split (October 14-19, 1976) and Constanta (August 5-9, 1977). From October 6, 1978 to August 28, 1983, "Red Crimea" underwent a major overhaul and modernization of weapons at the Sevastopol Marine Plant. For such a long period of "repair" it was possible to build a new ship, but Sevmorzavod has always been "famous" in the fleet for long and poor-quality work.
Nevertheless, the ship still managed to complete the repairs, and he again appeared in the Mediterranean Sea in combat service. From 12 to 16 August 1985 he paid a visit to Tunisia, and from 11 to 14 June 1990 he visited the Italian port of Taranto. After the collapse of the USSR, military service practically ceased, and the "Red Crimea" defended in the Sevastopol bay. Since June 1, 1992, the BOD will be reclassified in the TFR, and it is listed in the 30th division of surface ships with tail number 814. Excursions to the "singing frigate" standing near the Mine Wall have been organized for some time, but there is still no money for repairs allocate. The perfectly preserved ship is expelled from the fleet on June 24, 1993. On February 11, 1994, the crew of the Guardsman was disbanded, weapons and equipment were dismantled from the ship, and the last commander of the "Red Crimea" - Captain 2nd Rank A.Yu. Lomov lowers the flag from him. Soon the TFR was sold for scrap to India. On April 3, 1996 at 4 pm the doomed frigate was taken out of the bay by the Gepard tug. At the same time, the floating base of the submarines "Viktor Kotelnikov", also written off for scrap, despite the good condition of the hull and mechanisms, went there.
"ABLE"
After the completion of construction, the ship was included on October 27, 1971, into the KTOF and moved under its own power to the Far East around the Cape of Good Hope. The "Capable" combat service took place off the coast of Japan, in the Pacific and Indian oceans. The ship paid a visit on December 20-24, 1973 to Port Louis, Mauritius, and from August 25-30, 1976 made an official visit to the Canadian port of Vancouver. There were usually only three "singing frigates" in the Pacific theater, and ships of this type were operated with increased load. By the mid-80s, the "Capable" required a major overhaul, for which the ship was returned to Sevmorzavod on July 30, 1987. Here it was decided, for experimental purposes, to place in the aft part of the hull the newest hydroacoustic complex of the fourth generation with towed antennas at different water levels. The restructuring project provided for the dismantling of the aft artillery tower and the placement of the sonar complex in a special room on the site of the aft runway with two onboard sponsons for towed antennas. The repair and modernization of the ship by the time of the collapse of the USSR was completed by more than 70%, but further financing of the work immediately stopped. Independent Ukraine claimed the BOD, and there was an attempt to hoist the Ukrainian flag on it on July 3, 1992. It was decided to exclude the "controversial" ship from the Russian Navy for dismantling and sale through the OFI KCHF, but on October 29, 1992, its hull was officially transferred to the Black Sea Fleet (from the KTOF). The date of the official decommissioning of the ship is considered to be January 6, 1993 (Order No. 192 of the Civil Code of the Russian Navy). Then the command of the KChF decided to transfer the "Capable" to the ownership of the enterprise "Sevmorzavod named after S. Ordzhonikidze" to pay off the fleet's debts. Factory tugs transferred the doomed ship on April 28, 1993 from the wall of the North Dock to the South Bay, where the dismantling of weapons and equipment began. By November 20, 1993, the disarmament of the ship ended, and it became the property of the Sevmorzavod.
This was followed by the sale of "Capable" for dismantling for metal to India. On April 2, 1995, he was taken away from Sevastopol.
"FAST"
The youngest of the family of "singing frigates" - BOD "Skoriy" - was included in the KChF on October 31, 1972. In the summer of the following year, the ship sailed to the Mediterranean Sea. In the period from September 26 to October 1, 1973, a detachment of Soviet ships under the flag of Admiral V.S. Sysoev visited the Yugoslav port of Split. The detachment, in addition to the Nikolaev and Smetlivy BPKs, also included the Fast. At the end of the visit, the ship was from 5 to 24 October 1973 in the war zone, providing assistance to the armed forces of Syria and Egypt. From July 23 to September 22, 1974 - assistance to the Egyptian Armed Forces.
Together with the Leningrad anti-submarine cruiser, the ship participates in the demining of the Gulf of Suez (August 4 - October 14, 1974), ensuring the safety of combat trawling. Upon returning to the Black Sea, he pays official visits to the port of Port Louis on the island of Mauritius (October 14-19, 1974) and the Dakar port of the Republic of Senegal (November 19-23, 1974).
In 1975, the "Speedy" again leaves for the Mediterranean Sea and from 12 to 17 May 1975 makes an official visit to the port of Split. In the period from 20 to 25 October 1978, "Speedy" visits the Greek port of Piraeus. This was followed by a major overhaul (July 30, 1982-September 16, 1985), and again - going into combat service.
The collapse of the USSR quickly put an end to the career of this "singing frigate". Several minor accidents followed and a fire in the aft boiler room (August 21, 1992, at 22.00), which lasted about an hour and a half.
In 1995, due to an oversight of the personnel, the turbines were "screwed up", and the ship returned from the sea in tow at the "Restrained". The "Speedy" did not go out to sea anymore. In August 1995, the ammunition was removed from him, and until 1997 he was awaiting the decision of his fate at the 12th berth in Sevastopol. Initially, it was planned to repair the Skoriy using the mechanisms of the mothballed Resolute, but it turned out to be easier and more profitable to write off both ships for scrap. A quiet plundering of the Skoroy began, which ended with the flooding of five compartments of the ship on the night of November 19, 1997. Elementary theft turned out to be the cause of the accident: the sailors unscrewed and sold the copper outboard equipment to the merchants, and the patrol boat received more than 800 tons of water, nose-down on the side number digits. Only the efforts of the Shakhtar rescue tug made it possible to pump out the water and keep the Skoriy afloat. On November 22, 1997, the naval flag was hastily lowered on it, and the disarmament of the ship began. This process proceeded slowly, and when the order was suddenly received to tow the Skoroy to Inkerman for cutting, the ship had to be driven with almost a full complement of weapons. By 14 o'clock on May 27, 1998, the patrol boat arrived at the dock of the shipbreaking base, and three weeks later, only memories remained of the next "singing frigate".
"RESTRAINED"
This large anti-submarine ship, laid down on March 10, 1971 in Nikolaev, was being completed according to a modernized version of the 61M project. The naval flag of the USSR was raised over the "Restrained" on September 22, 1973, it was officially included in the KChF on February 7, 1974. Literally six months later, "Restrained" takes part in helping the dying BOD "Otvazhny", having returned before that from the first military service in the Mediterranean. Its first commander was Yuri Vladimirovich Roman, now a retired captain of the 1st rank. During the next military service "Restrained" paid an official visit on May 12-17, 1976, the Libyan port of Tripoli. For the successful completion of combat service tasks in 1977, "Restrained" was awarded the title "Excellent ship". Among the ship's awards is the pennant of the USSR Minister of Defense "For Courage and Valor", received for ensuring the clearance of the Suez Canal (1974). In 1985, "Restrained" was declared the best in missile training and was awarded the prize and diploma of the Commander-in-Chief of the USSR Navy.
From October 31, 1985 to October 12, 1987, the ship underwent a major overhaul and subsequent docking in Nikolaev and Sevastopol. After repairs, "Restrained" is a member of the 150th brigade of surface ships of the KChF (side number 702), and after its disbandment in October 1990 - in the 30th division of the KChF. In January 1992, the ship was reclassified in the TFR and received the side number 804. In 1994 and 1995, "Restrained" successfully carried out the tasks of a peacekeeping mission off the coast of Abkhazia. Back in early 1994, it was planned to write it off for scrap due to lack of money for medium repairs and docking. The chiefs from the Southern Administrative District of Moscow, who allocated more than 700 million rubles, helped, as well as the chiefs from the city of Rossosh, Voronezh Region. The repaired "Restrained" adequately represented the Russian Black Sea Fleet at parades and training sessions of the Black Sea Fleet ships in 1996-1998. The crew of the ship during these years was headed by Captain 2nd Rank V. Didikin.
"FIRE"
"Ognevoy" - the lead ship of the Leningrad construction (the plant named after A.A. Zhdanov, Severnaya Verf) was included in the KBF on January 21, 1965. He sailed a lot in the Baltic and went into combat service in the Atlantic. In the period from February 5 to October 12, 1971, the 61 MP project was modernized and transferred to the Northern Fleet. Ognevoy remained the only modernized ship with two-dimensional radar MR-310 on both masts. Then he returned to the Baltic and in the period from February 1, 1980 to December 3, 1982 underwent a major overhaul at the Kronstadt Marine Plant. After being repaired, Ognevoy arrived in Severomorsk and joined the 120th brigade of missile ships of the KSF. During regular combat services, he paid visits to the Nigerian port of Lagos (October 31 - November 4, 1975) and Freetown (Sierra Leone, February 1985). The completely worn-out and obsolete ship on April 25, 1989 was expelled from the USSR Navy and disarmed. By October 1, 1989, the Ognevoy crew was disbanded, and in the fall of 1990 it was sold to Turkey for disassembly.
"EXEMPLARY"
"Exemplary" was officially included in the DKBF on November 2, 1965 and for almost thirty years was the "calling card" of the Baltic Fleet. In 1967, he visited the Polish port of Gdynia (June 21-26), and from October 3-9, 1969 - the ports of Rostock and Warnemünde (GDR). The ship participated in the Ocean maneuvers in the spring of 1970, made an official visit to the French port of Cherbourg, and from June 29 to July 10, 1970 carried out combat missions to provide assistance to the Egyptian armed forces. In January 1971 "Obraztsovy" visits the Seychelles, the port of Freetown. This is followed by a major overhaul in Kronstadt, which lasts from September 8, 1972 to March 15, 1973. The BOD participates in exercises in the Baltic, visits Finland (the port of Helsinki, June 24 - 29, 1974), the German Democratic Republic (Rostock, October 5 - 9, 1974) and pays an official visit to the UK (Portsmouth, May 28 - June 1, 1976 .). From April 13, 1977 to November 10, 1979, the ship is being repaired in Liepaja, and upon leaving the repair she visits Poland (port of Gdynia, June 27-30, 1980). This is followed by service in the Baltic. Since August 25, 1988, the BOD is again undergoing major overhaul in Liepaja. "Obraztsovoy" could not get out of it, since after the collapse of the USSR and the separation of the Baltic states, funding for the work ceased. BOD (side number 435) was expelled from the Navy on June 30, 1993. Its unfinished repair cost the treasury 26 billion rubles (1993 prices). On February 1, 1994, the crew was disbanded. The hull of the disarmed ship was sold for scrap in 1995.
"GIFTED"
Immediately after the construction of the Gifted BPK, it transferred to the Northern Fleet and on January 11, 1966 was included in the KSF. Then the ship became part of a special expedition and during the summer-autumn navigation of 1966 made the transition from the Kola Bay to Vladivostok along the Northern Sea Route. On October 8, 1966, the BOD was officially transferred to the KTOF, and it became the first Pacific "singing frigate". The ship's combat service took place off the coast of Japan, in the Pacific and Indian oceans.
"Gifted" visited the Iraqi port of Basra (November 18 - 23, 1976), the Iranian port of Bandar Abbas (December 1 - 5, 1976), the Mozambique port of Maputo (January 20 - 24, 1977), Port Louis on the island of Mauritius (March 10-14, 1977). In 1980 he visited India (Port of Cochin, October 16-19). The ship did not undergo a single major overhaul; on July 4, 1987, it was mothballed and laid to rest in Vladivostok. It was no longer entered into the combat composition of the fleet, and on April 19, 1990, it was expelled from the Navy and disarmed. After the crew was disbanded on August 31, 1990, the ship was soon sold for scrap to India.
"GLORIOUS"
"Glorious" was included in the DKBF on October 17, 1966 and since that time has become an almost permanent representative of the fleet at sea parades in Leningrad. The ship makes voyages in the Baltic, visits foreign ports. From 28 to 29 October 1967 and from 3 to 9 October 1969, the Slavny called at the port of Rostock (GDR), and from 17 to 22 August 1971, the capital of Denmark, Copenhagen. The next year, "Glorious" is on military service in the Mediterranean Sea and from June 14 to July 29, 1972 is in the combat zone, providing assistance to the armed forces of Syria and Egypt. From December 6, 1973 to December 4, 1975, the ship was modernized in Leningrad according to the project 61 MP. Further - the next campaigns and a visit to Cuba, to Havana (October 11 - 15, 1985). The ship visits Poland from 18 to 23 July 1987 (Gdynia) and from 19 to 24 July 1988 (Szczecin). The ship needs repairs, but on December 15, 1989, it was withdrawn from the DKBF combat strength for conservation. Since February 19, 1991, the "Glorious" (hull number 449) is taken out of storage for repairs, but the lack of funds forces the command of the fleet to write it off for scrap in four months. On June 24, 1991, "Glorious" was expelled from the Navy, disarmed and plundered. After the crew was disbanded on December 31, 1991, the ship simply sank at the pier in Baltiysk. A few years later, his body was raised and sold abroad for cutting.
"STEERING"
The fifth and last "singing frigate" built in Leningrad was immediately included in the KTOF (January 7, 1967) and made a safe transition to the Far East. This was followed by official calls at the Indian ports of Madras (March 17-24, 1968) and Bombay (April 3-6, 1968), the Somali port of Mogadishu (April 17-24, 1968), the Iraqi ports of Umm Qasr and Basra ( May 11 - 19, 1968), the Pakistani port of Karachi (May 25 - June 2, 1968), the Iranian port of Bandar Abbas (June 5 - 9, 1968), the South Yemeni port of Aden (June 1968) and Colombo port (July 6 - 11, 1968). Then - a few more combat services in the Indian Ocean, and on December 31, 1978, "Guarding" is withdrawn from the fleet, undergoes conservation and is put on the back burner for fifteen long years. On June 30, 1993, he was expelled from the Navy and disarmed. On February 11, 1994, the crew was disbanded, and then the "Guarding" hull was sold to India for cutting.
Quantity
Construction
Project 61 - 19 units
| Name |
Factory |
Laid down |
Launched |
Commissioning |
Note |
| Nikolaev, Shipyard №445 named after 61 Communards (from 1962 Shipyard named after 61 Communards) - 14 units |
|||||
|
SKR-25 | from 9.10.1962 - Komsomolets of Ukraine | ||||
| SKR-44 | from 21.03.1963 - Savvy | ||||
| SKR-37 | from 1.10.1964 - Agile | ||||
| Eagle | from 1.10.1964 - Brave | ||||
| Slim | |||||
| Red Caucasus | |||||
| Decisive | |||||
| Clever | |||||
| Strict | |||||
| Sharp-witted | |||||
| Brave | |||||
| Red Crimea | |||||
| Capable | |||||
| Fast | |||||
| Shipyard named after A.A. Zhdanov - 5 units |
|||||
| SKR-31 | from 1.10.1964 - Ognevoy | ||||
| SKR-2 | from 17.02.1965 - Exemplary | ||||
| Gifted | |||||
| Glorious | |||||
| Guarding | |||||
Project 61M - 1 unit
Until 19.05.1966 and from 1.06.1992 they were classified as patrol ships.
Project 61M, 61MP from 06/28/1977 to 10/01/1980 were classified as large missile ships.
Tactical and technical data
| Displacement, t: | |
| standard: | 3465 (with no. 754, 1705 - 3550, project 61M - 4010) |
| complete: | 4315 (with no. 754, 1705 - 4510, project 61M - 4975) |
| Dimensions, m: | |
| length: | 144 (Project 61M - 146.2) |
| width: | 15,8 |
| draft: | 4.47 (from building No. 754, 1705 - draft 4.57 m, Project 61M - 4.87 m) |
| Full speed, knots: | 35.5 (Project 61M - 32) |
| Sailing range: | 3500 miles (18 knots), 3100 miles (24 knots), 2000 miles (30 knots), 1520 miles (34 knots) (Project 61M - 4640 miles (18 knots)) |
| Autonomy, days: | 10 (Project 61M - 25) |
| Power point: | 2x36000 hp GTA M-3 (from No.755, 1707 - GTA M-3R, from No.1710 - GTA M-3A, Project 61M - GTA M-3B), 2 fixed pitch propellers, 4 GTG GTU-6 600 kW each , 2 DG DG-200 / P 200 kW each |
| Armament: | 4x1 launcher KT-15M-BRK anti-ship missile system "Termit" (4 anti-ship missiles P-15M (4K51)) - fire control system "Coral-NK" (Project 61M) 2x2 PU ZIF-101 SAM M-1 "Volna" (32 V-600 (4K90) SAMs) - 2 SU 4R90 "Yatagan" (Project 61M - 2x2 PU ZIF-101 SAM M-1 "Volna-M" (32 SAM V-601 (4K91)) - 2 SU 4R90P "Yatagan II") 2x2 76 mm AK-726 (2400 rounds) - 2 MR-105 "Turel" fire control systems 4x6 30 mm AK-630M (12,000 rounds) - 2 MR-123 Vympel-A fire control systems (Project 61M) 2x1 45 mm 21KM - Komsomolets Ukrainy, Agile, Restrained, Fast (removed in 1980), Glorious, Sharp 1x5 533 mm PTA-53-61 (5 torpedoes 53-57, SET-53) - PUTS "Typhon-61" (with serial number 1713 - 1x5 533 mm PTA-53-1123 / 2 (5 torpedoes SET-65) , Project 61M - PTS "Typhon-61M") 2x12 RBU-6000 "Smerch-2" (192 RSB-60) - PUSB "Tempest" (Project 61M - 96 RSB-60 - PUSB "Tempest-61M") 2x6 RBU-1000 "Smerch-3" (48 RSL-60) - not on Project 61M 22 mines IGDM-500 or 14 min KAM or 18 min KB Krab or 16 min KSM or 14 min Serpey Acoustic guard BOKA-DU RWY for Ka-25 helicopter |
| RTV: | 2 general detection radar MR-300 "Angara" (with production number 754, 1705 general detection radar MP-500 "Cleaver", general detection radar MP-310 "Angara-A"), navigation radar "Don" (with production no. 1708 - 2 "Volga" navigation radars), electronic warfare radar "Krab-11" (installed on SKR-2 during operation), electronic warfare radar "Krab-12" (installed on SKR-2 during operation), electronic warfare radar MR-262 "Fence" (SKR-2, 44), radar electronic warfare MP-401 "Start" (project 61M), radar RTR "Bizan-4B", radar RTR MRP-13-14 (not at factory # 1701), radar RTR MRP-15-16 "Zaliv" (project 61M), state identification equipment: 2 interrogators "Nickel-KM" (with serial number 1708 - 4 interrogators "Nickel-KM"), 2 transponders "Chrom-KM", radio direction finder ARP-50R, SJSC MGK-335 "Platina" (Project 61M), SAS MG-312 "Titan" (No 753, 1702 - MG-312E "Titan", No 1712 - MG-312I "Titan" , not on Project 61M), GAS MG-311 "Vychegda" (not on Project 61M), OGAS VGS-2 "Oka-M" (Project 61M), GAS underwater communication MG-26 "Host" (not on No. 1701), GAS for receiving signals from hydroacoustic buoys MG-409P (project 61M), station for detecting radiation wake of the submarine MI-110R ( with production number 1707, on the others they were installed during operation), a station for detecting a thermal wake of the submarine MI-110K (from production number 1707, on the others they were installed during operation), BIUS "Tablet-61", control system with weapons "Remote- 61M " Electronic warfare PK-16 (4 PU KL-101) - 128 rounds AZ-TST-60, AZ-TSP-60UM (since 1991), AZ-TSTM-60U (since 1994) (Project 61M) |
| Crew, people: | 266 (22 officers, 18 warrant officers) (from 1974 - 269 (25 officers, 18 warrant officers), Project 61M - 320 (29 officers, 42 warrant officers)) |
General form
Project modernization
Project 61MP - 5 units: Shipyard named after V.I. A.A. Zhdanov - Glorious 08/6/1973-30.09.1975, Smyshlyony 11/22/1972-25.12.74, SKR-31 02/10/1971-29.12.1973, Nikolaev Shipyard named after 61 Communards - Slim 28.12.1975-30.09.1975, Brave 11.12. 1972-30.12.1974. Brought to the level of Project 61M. GTA were replaced by M-3E, GTG by GTU-6A (Smyshlyoniy - GTU-6M2). Brave, Slender, Smart - PTA-52-1123 / 2, Glorious, SKR-31 - PTA-53-61. On SKR-31 2 general detection radars MR-300 "Angara" were left: in 1982 they were replaced by MR-310 "Angara-A" and MR-500 "Kliver" 1.02.1980-3.12.1982. On Slavnoye, the PK-16 electronic warfare system was not installed. On the Bold OGAS VGS-2 "Oka-M". On 1 unit of the Black Sea Fleet OGAS MG-349 "Ros-K"
Project 61E - 1 unit: Agile 23.03.1974-5.11.1976 in Shipyard named after 61 Kommunard, Nikolaev. 3810/4750 t, draft 4.65 m, 1 * 1 PU ZS90 SAM M-22 "Uragan" (24 SAMs 9M38, 9M38V1A, 9M38UDR) - 3R-90 control system instead of M-1 "Volna" air defense system, MR general detection radar -710 "Fregat-M" and general detection radar MR-310 "Angara-A" instead of MR-300 "Angara", electronic warfare radar MP-401 "Start", control system with weapons "Panel-61KE" instead of "Panel-61M", complex electronic warfare PK-16 (PU KL-101) - shots AZ-TST-60, 296 people (25 officers, 40 warrant officers), 25 days
Project 01090 - 1 unit: Sharp-witted in Sevastopol "Sevmorzavod" them. S. Ordzhonikidze 19.02.1987-1995. The stern AK-726, RBU-1000, helicopter runway were removed, the non-acoustic detection system MNK-300 "Kaira", the navigation radar MR-212 "Vaigach" instead of 2 navigation radars "Volga", the electronic warfare complex PK-10 "Smely" (4 launchers KT-216) - shots AZ-SO-50, AZ-SR-50, AZ-SOM-50, AZ-SK-50, AZ-SMZ-50, electronic warfare PK-16 (4 PU KL-101) - shots AZ-TST-60, AZ-TSP-60UM, AZ-TSTM-60U. In 2002, 2 * 4 launchers KT-184 missile launchers 3K24 "Uranus" (8 missile launchers 3M24) were added. Then added 2 navigation radars MR-231
Project 01091 - 0 + 1 unit: Able in Sevastopol "Sevmorzavod" named after S. Ordzhonikidze from 30.07.1987. The stern AK-726, the runway for the Ka-25 helicopter was removed. For testing means of non-acoustic detection of submarines
Since 1968, the M-1 "Volna" air defense missile system has been modernized into the "Volna-M" (V-601 (4K91) air defense missile system): Krasny Kavkaz, Oryol in 1969, Smetlivy, SKR-25 05/23/1977 - 08/7/1978
Since 1976, the Volna-11 air defense system has been modernized into the Volna-P: SKR-25. Since 1979 SU 4R90 "Yatagan" has been modernized into 4R90P "Yatagan II"
SAM "Volna-M" is being modernized in "Volna-N" (SAM V-601M): Sharp in 1984
SAM "Volna-N" is being modernized into "Volna-11" (SAM V-611)
Since 1976, the Volna-11 air defense system has been modernized into the Volna-P: SKR-25
Since 1973, the "Typhon-61" control system has been replaced by the Ladoga control system (torpedoes 53-65K, SET-65)
On Savvy 1.10.1976-28.11.1978, Gifted in 1978-03.1980 2 general detection radars MR-300 "Angara" were replaced by radar general detection MR-310 "Angara-A"
The 2nd navigation radar "Don" has been added to No.751-755, 1701-1707
At No.751-755, 1701-1707 2 "Don" navigation radars were replaced by 2 "Volga" navigation radars (No 1707 - 1 "Volga" navigation radar)
2 interrogators "Nickel-KM" were added to the office # 751-755, 1701-1707
On Savvy 1.10.1976-28.11.1978, Gifted in 1978-03.1980 GAS MG-312E "Titan" was replaced by GAS MG-312I "Titan"
Anti-sabotage OGAS MG-7 "Bracelet" has been installed since 1977 (except for the production number 1703, 1704)
In 1977-79 the station for detecting the radiation wake of the submarine MI-110R, the station for detecting the thermal wake of the submarine MI-110K were replaced by the station for detecting the thermal wake of the submarine MI-110KM
An electronic warfare complex PK-2 (PU ZIF-121) was installed at Skorom - shots AZ-TST-41, AZ-PTST-41, AZ-TSP-47, AZ-TST-47, AZ-TSTV-47, AZ-TSO- 47 (from 1985), AZ-TSR-47 (from 1991) - SU "Tertsia"
Since 1987, the PK-16 electronic warfare system (PU KL-101) has been installed - shots AZ-TST-60, AZ-TSP-60UM (since 1991), AZ-TSTM-60U (since 1994)
Since 1987, the electronic warfare complex PK-10 "Brave" (PU KT-216) has been installed - shots AZ-SO-50, AZ-SR-50, AZ-SOM-50 (since 1989), AZ-SK-50 (since 1991) , AZ-SMZ-50 (since 1993)
Non-realized updatings of the project: Project 61A, Project 61K, Project 61bis
Distribution by fleets
Bf: Exemplary, Ognevoy (from 12.10.1971 SF), Glorious
Black Sea Fleet: Komsomolets of Ukraine, Red Caucasus, Red Crimea, Brave, Agile, Resolute, Restrained, Fast, Courageous (from 01/30/1985 Bf), Sharp-witted, Savvy (from 06/08/1982 SF)
SF: Gifted (from 8.10.1966 Pacific Fleet), Smart, Slender
Pacific Fleet: Capable (from 29.10.1992 Black Sea Fleet), Guarding, Strict
Board numbers
Komsomolets of Ukraine: 810 (1962), 296 (1963), 552 (1966), 810 (1970), 521 (1971), 182 (1972), 527 (1972), 538 (1973?), 169 (1975), 709 , 722 (1979), 712 (1981), 714 (1982), 713 (1983), 716 (1983), 710, 703 (1986), 715 (1990), 1701 (1993)
Red Caucasus: 521 (1967), 571 (1967), 383 (1967), 186 (1973), 531 (1975), 527, 151 (1977), 720 (1978), 729 (1978), 722 (1980), 720 (1981), 171 (1981), 710 (1981), 733 (1983), 702 (1984), 707 (1987), 710 (1987), 729 (1991), 820 (1993), 179
Red Crimea: 538 (1971), 536 (1971), 532 (1973), 540 (1973), 182 (1974), 186 (1975), 181 (1975), 530 (1976), 154 (1977), 151 ( 1977), 191 (1978), 720 (1978), 711 (1981), 710 (1984), 713 (1984), 729 (1985), 715 (1988), 703 (1.05.1990), 814 (04.1993)
Exemplary: 080 (1965), 501 (1966), 190 (1967), 564 (1967), 504 (1969), 501 (1971), 518 (1972), 501 (1974), 520 (1975), 514 (1976) ), 430 (1978), 446 (1981), 425 (1982), 433 (1985), 435 (1990)
Ognevoy: 083 (1965), 544 (1967), 480 (1971), 581 (1973), 291 (1975), 299 (1975), 241 (1978), 296 (61MP), 433, 518, 622 (1984) , 642 (1984), 602 (1989)
Gifted: 084 (1965), 089 (1965), 049 (1966), 561 (1967), 054, 570 (1970), 562 (1970), 108, 143 (1976), 103 (1978), 583 (1981) , 566 (1985), 564, 587 (1991)
Brave: 393 (1965), 525, 523 (1968), 528 (1970), 197 (1971), 520 (1972), 184 (1972), 532 (1973), 530 (1974)
Agile: 027 (1964), 078 (1964), 383 (1964), 296 (1964), 216, 653 (1966), 540 (1969), 530 (1970), 374 (1971), 533 (1972), 535 (1973), 179 (1973), 190, 164 (1975), 175 (1976), 707 (1978), 724 (1981), 707 (1984), 710 (1987), 713 (1990)
Resolute: 529 (1967), 381 (1967?), 368 (1971?), 524 (1971), 534 ?, 529 (1972), 536 (1973), 196 (1973), 156 (1975), 159 (1977 ), 724 (1978), 720 (1978), 758 (1978), 722 (1981), 705 (1984), 711 (1989), 708 (1990), 818 (1993)
Low-key: 534 (1973), 173 (1975), 160 (1975), 254 (1978), 288 (1979), 286 (1979), 737 (1983), 734 (1983), 711 (1984), 705 (1986) ), 706 ?, 702 (1.05.1990), 804 (04.1993)
Fast: 537 (1972), 177 (1973), 533 (1973), 166 (1973), 191 (04.1975), 153 (1975), 173 (1977), 753 (1977), 733 (1978), 164 (1978) ), 729 (1981), 715 (1984), 702 (1987), 705 (1990), 805 (1992)
Glorious: 653 (1966), 161 (1968), 515 (1968), 506 (1970), 244 (1972), 505 (1972), 229, 503 (1977), 177 (1978), 373 (1978), 340 (1979), 462 (1981), 487 (1985), 483 (1987), 480 (1989), 340 (1989), 449 (1989), 348 (Project 61MP)
Bold: 531 (1969), 535 (1970), 358 (1970), 370 (1970), 529 (1974), 167 (1975), 166? (1975), 173 (1976), 165 (1976), 171 ( 1977), 257 (1978), 252 (1978), 440 (1980), 739 (1981), 720 (1981), 702, 410 (1987), 724 (1988), 444 (Project 61MP)
Sharp-witted: 537 (1969), 527 (1972), 534 (1974), 178 (1975), 152 (1977), 710 (1978), 701 (1980), 745 (1981), 715, 178 (1985), 717 (1987), 714 (1990), 810 (1993), 870 (01.2016)
Smyshlyony: 525 (1968), 297 (1969), 552 (1970), 297 (1972), 587 (1974), 556 (1976), 291 (1976), 296 (1977), 337 (1978), 317 (1979) ), 614 (1980), 648 (1981), 635 (1985), 614 (1987), 644 (05.1990)
Savvy: 215 (1963), 374 (1963), 524 (1963), 078 (1964), 535 (1967), 528 (1967), 536 (1967), 871 (1968), 524 (1969), 530 (1971) ), 532 (1972), 528 (1973), 179 (1974), 175 (1975), 717 (1981), 660 (1982), 632 (1985), 611 (1.05.1990), 604 (1992)
Able: 522 (1971), 561 (1972), 109 (07/10/1973), 102 (1975), 564 (1975), 544 (04.1975), 142 (1976), 547 (1978), 527, 522 (1980) , 544 (1982), 531 (1984), 505 (1985), 578 (1987)
Guarding: 504 (1966), 580 (1967), 504 (1971), 585 (1973), 140 (1975), 150 (1976), 563 (1980), 565 (1982), 580 (1986), 624
Strict: 528 (1968), 564 (1971), 543 (1971), 107 (1973), 504 (1974), 528 (1975), 141? (1977?), 100 (1977), 574 (1985), 545 (1985), 504 (1989), 580 (1991)
Slender: 382 (1966), 545 (1967), 525 (1970), 557 (1972), 550, 734 (1977), 610 (1981), 640 (08.1984), 642 ?, 619 (1987), 660 (1990 )
Write-off
1974 - Brave (30.08 sank after an explosion and fire in the aft cellar of a missile defense system near Sevastopol)
1989 - Fire (25.04)
1990 - Gifted (19.04), Slender (12.04), Agile (21.08)
1991 - Glorious (24.06), Komsomolets of Ukraine (24.06)
1992 - Savvy (3.07)
1993 - Red Crimea (24.06), Smart (22.02), Able (20.11), Guarding (30.06), Strict (30.06), Exemplary (30.06)
1996 - Decisive (8.07)
1997 - Fast (17.07)
1998 - Red Caucasus (16.03)
2001 - Discreet (3.05)
1 Background
2 History of creation
3 Classification
4 Design features
5 Housing
6 Propulsion system
7 Armament
8 Upgrades
9 Series composition
10 Notes
11 Literature
12 References
[edit]
Background
Late 1950s and 1960s - this is an era of great changes in the history of the navy, an era of new opportunities and new weapons. This was primarily due to the emergence of sea-based nuclear missiles, which turned submarines into strategic weapons. The appearance of nuclear power plants on submarines has multiplied their autonomy, cruising range, underwater speed and, as a consequence, the severity of the threat they pose.
The second major threat at sea is the new high-speed jets and cruise missiles, which made traditional anti-aircraft artillery systems virtually useless in a massive air attack.
As a countermeasure to new threats, the active development of new missile weapons designed to destroy submarines and high-speed air targets began. Initially, air defense and anti-aircraft missile systems were installed on converted artillery cruisers during World War II, but by the early 1960s. there was a need for special-built rocket ships. In the United States, depending on their specialization, these ships were called escort destroyers or missile leaders; in the USSR, these ships were called "large anti-submarine ship".
An important feature of this period of development of naval weapons was the short range (hundreds of kilometers) of sea-based nuclear missiles, which forced submarines to come close to the enemy's sea borders. Thus, anti-submarine barriers near their own borders before the advent of long-range nuclear missiles were an important factor in strategic deterrence. In addition, anti-submarine ships were supposed to ensure the combat readiness of their submarines deployed off the coast of the enemy.
In the USSR, the need to create specialized anti-submarine missile ships was realized in the late 1950s, when it turned out that our fleet did not have adequate countermeasures to modern American attack aircraft and nuclear submarines. It was decided to create an echeloned anti-submarine defense, where in the far zone the boats were intercepted by helicopter carriers (project 1123) and base anti-submarine aircraft, and in the near zone - by small missile patrol ships, the first of which was the ship of project 61.
[edit]
History of creation
The design of the ship began in 1956. According to the operational-tactical assignment, the ship's functions included air defense of ship formations from attacks by aircraft and cruise missiles, as well as anti-submarine defense. The development of the project was entrusted to the Institute of Military Shipbuilding.
In the process of pre-sketch design, the composition of the weapons and its rational layout were determined. A linearly elevated arrangement of the air defense missile system and gun mounts was adopted (one air defense system and one gun mount in the bow and stern parts of the ship); it was decided to place hydroacoustic means to reduce the draft in a movable fairing; anti-submarine missiles were excluded from the armament, due to which the ammunition of anti-aircraft missiles was increased to 24; at the same time, the standard displacement of the ship was 3600 tons. When approving the tactical and technical assignment, it was proposed to consider the option of using a gas turbine engine on the ship. As a result, this option, which reduced the displacement by 400 tons, was adopted. Thus, the ship became the world's first large warship with gas turbines as the main engine.
After the approval of the main tactical and technical elements at the beginning of 1957, TsKB-53, headed by B.I.Kupensky, began to develop a draft design. The technical design was completed and approved in 1958, after which at the plant. 61 Communards in Nikolaev On September 15, 1959, the lead ship, Komsomolets Ukrainy, was laid down. On December 31, 1960, it was launched, and on October 15, 1962, it was handed over to the Navy for state tests. The test program was fully carried out except for full-speed tests, which were postponed to 1963 due to the lack of development of the propulsion system. It was also found that there was no sufficient margin of stability and displacement, but with a discount for the fundamental novelty of the ship, the result was recognized as satisfactory.
Among other, smaller remarks, which were subsequently successfully eliminated, was the lack of reliability of the first samples of the Volna air defense missile system and the Turel artillery fire control system. It was noted that the small radius of detection of submarines by hydroacoustic means did not allow the use of anti-submarine torpedoes and RBU-6000 bombers at the maximum range. The tests have confirmed the ship's good seaworthiness, ensuring full speed at sea waves up to 4-5 points, good operation of the roll stabilizers. The maximum speed of the lead ship was 35.5 knots, and on all other ships of the series it did not fall below 34 knots.
On December 31, 1962, after the signing of the State Acceptance Act, the ship was enlisted in the USSR Navy. In 1966, the creators of the ship were awarded the Lenin Prize.
[edit]
Classification
Initially, Project 61 ships belonged to the patrol class (SKR), but on 05/19/1966 all ships in service and under construction were reclassified into large anti-submarine (BOD). 6 ships converted according to the 61-M / 61-MP project ("Restrained", "Ognevoy", "Glorious", "Brave", "Smyshleny" and "Stroyny"), 06/28/1977 classified as large rocket ships (DBK), but on 10/14/1980 returned to the BOD class. In January 1992, all ships remaining in service were re-classified as TFR.
[edit]
Design features
[edit]
Frame
The ship's hull is welded from SHL-4 (10KhSND) steel, smooth-deck, with a characteristic rise of the upper deck to the bow and an inclined stem. To ensure high travel speed, it had very sharp contours (the ratio of length to width was 9.5). The main watertight bulkheads divided the hull into 15 compartments. The double bottom took up about 80% of the ship's length.
A number of features had a common location. With the expectation of the possible use of weapons of mass destruction by the enemy, the ship was provided with opportunities for conducting hostilities without the presence of personnel on the upper deck and bridges, as well as other measures to increase survivability: a through corridor in the superstructure for a closed passage to combat posts, gas-tight vestibules , lack of portholes in the cockpits. For the first time in domestic practice, the main command post (GKP) was located on the lower deck separately from the navigation post and was equipped with all the necessary means for monitoring the situation, controlling the ship and using all types of weapons.
The ship had a 90-meter superstructure developed in length with two masts, two bases for antenna posts of the Yatagan control system and two double chimneys. The extremely large size of the pipes reduced the temperature of the exhaust gases, reducing the thermal signature of the ship, and also made it possible to replace the propulsion system through hatches located in them. To reduce displacement and improve stability, the superstructure, masts and pipes were made of aluminum-magnesium alloys. Only the areas of the location of masts, launchers, antenna posts, as well as a navigation post were made of steel.
[edit]
Propulsion system
From the very beginning, two options for the main power plant were considered - a traditional steam turbine (STU) and a gas turbine (GTU). The latter, due to its lightness and compactness (specific weight 5.2 kg / h.p. versus 9 kg / h.p.), reduced the ship's displacement from 3600 to 3200 tons and increased efficiency. In addition, starting from a cold state took 5-10 minutes for the GTU compared to the several hours required for the STU. For these reasons, the option with gas turbine engines was adopted.
The bow and stern engine rooms each occupied one compartment. Each housed an all-mode main turbo-gear unit (GTZA) M-3 with a capacity of 36,000 hp. produced by the "Southern Turbine Plant" in Nikolaev, two gas turbine generators GTU-6 for 600 kW each and a diesel generator DG-200 / P for 200 kW. The compartments between the compartments were occupied by auxiliary mechanisms (stabilizer, auxiliary boilers). The fuel was stored in double bottom tanks with a capacity of 940 tons, 70 tons of fresh water for the crew and 13 tons of water for auxiliary boilers were also stored there.
The total power of the power plant was 72,000 hp. Each GTZA consisted of two non-reversible gas turbines with a capacity of 18,000 hp. with reversible pairing gearbox. Four turbines were located across the ship and had their own gas pipes. Each of the two shafts had a four-blade variable pitch propeller.
The use of gas turbines required the adoption of measures to reduce noise, which included a noise absorption system in the air intake shafts, depreciation of mechanisms, and sound-absorbing coatings. The engines were controlled remotely from special posts located in the premises of the power plant.
The anchoring device consisted of two Hall anchors. The steering wheel is semi-balanced.
[edit]
Armament
The armament of the new ship was innovative. For the first time in Soviet shipbuilding, it was equipped with two anti-aircraft missile systems (M-1 "Volna"). Each complex consisted of a two-boom launcher ZIF-101, a Yatagan control system and a magazine with two rotating drums for 8 V-600 missiles each.
Artillery armament consisted of two twin 76-mm AK-726 turret mounts (rate of fire 90 rds / min, range 13 km, height reach 9 km, 2400 unitary rounds of ammunition) and two Turel fire control systems.
The ship had a five-tube torpedo tube PTA-53-61 for torpedoes SET-53 or 53-57 with a torpedo firing control system "Zummer", two RBU-6000 and RBU-1000 rocket launchers each (ammunition 192 RSB-60 and 48 RSB-10 respectively) with the "Tempest" control system.
Placement of weapons on the BOD project 61 "Strict" (1985)
The ship provided storage for 5 tons of aviation fuel and ammunition for the Ka-25 anti-submarine helicopter (anti-submarine torpedoes, depth charges, sonar buoys), however, due to the absence of a hangar, only temporary basing was possible.
Mine rails with slopes in the aft part, traditional for Soviet destroyers, have been preserved. Provided for two launchers F-82-T for firing passive radar reflectors. Protection from torpedoes was provided by a towed guard BOKA-DU and a demagnetizer.
The hydroacoustic equipment included the Titan all-round viewing station and the Vychegda firing control station located in the under-keel fairing. The detection range of the submarine was 3.5 km.
[edit]
Modernization
Modernization of the ship began during construction. Since 1966, one of the two Angara radars has been replaced by the Cleaver radar.
In 1971-1977. several ships (Ognevoy, Glorious, Stroyny, Smyshleny and Brave) underwent modernization according to the 61MP project, during which 4 launchers of P-15 anti-ship missiles were installed, a new GAS Platina with a and towed by antennas, and RBU-1000 bombers were replaced by four 30-mm six-barreled anti-aircraft guns "Vympel". The autonomy of swimming has also been increased. The last ship of the series ("Restrained") was immediately completed in accordance with the modernized project 61M. The displacement of the upgraded ships (standard / full) increased to 4000/4975 tons.
In 1975, the Provorny air defense complex was modernized according to the 61E project, in accordance with which both Volna air defense systems were dismantled, and a new generation M-22 Shtil multi-channel air defense system was installed at the stern in order to test the latter. In addition, the MR-500 surveillance radar has been replaced by the Fregat-M. At the end of the tests in 1978, it was planned to install two more Shtil air defense systems in the bow of the ship, and then similarly modernize 4 ships of the series, but these plans were not implemented. The displacement of the upgraded ship increased to 3810/4750 tons. The Shtil air defense missile system was subsequently installed on the Project 956 destroyers.
In 1976-1978. according to the 61ME project, 5 ships were built for the Indian Navy. In the process of modernization, instead of the stern 76-mm gun mount and the "Turel" SU, a semi-submerged helicopter hangar was placed, and instead of the stern launchers of the P-15 SCRC, 4 launchers for P-20 missiles were mounted in the bow of the ship. It was also supposed to replace the bow 76-mm gun mount with 100-mm, but for a number of reasons these plans were not implemented. The displacement of the ship was 4025/4905 tons. The ships of Project 61ME were the first large warships built for a foreign customer.
In 1990, the BOD "Svobodny" was transformed into an experimental ship for testing new towed GAS. The modernization was not completed, and in 1993 the ship was withdrawn from the fleet.
The last major modernization under the project 01090 was carried out in 1990-1995 at the Smetlivy shipbuilding complex. Instead of a stern artillery mount and a helipad, the MNK-300 submarine non-acoustic detection system was installed with a 300-meter towed antenna that senses the thermal, radiation and noise signals of the submarine. Additionally, in place of RBU-1000 bombers, two 4-container launchers of Uranus anti-ship missiles (a close analogue of American Harpoon missiles) were installed, PK-10 and PK-16 jammers were placed in the wheelhouse area, several new radars were added and SCRC control system, 5x533 mm torpedo tubes were replaced with 7x406 mm. The total displacement of the ship reached 4900 tons.
Three ships in the Indian Navy (Ranjit, Ranveer and Ranwidjay) are currently being upgraded for the Bramos supersonic anti-ship missiles of a joint Russian-Indian development (installation of a vertical launch for 16 missiles in place of the aft air defense system " Wave"). At the same time, RBU-1000 installations are being replaced by the Israeli self-defense air defense system "Barak" (4 UVP, 8 missiles each).
Modernization projects 61K (1961), 61-bis (1964) and 61A (1965) were not implemented.
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Series composition # Name Shipyard Laid down Launched Service Decommissioned Fleet
1.Komsomolets of Ukraine Nikolaev 15.09.1959 31.12.1960 31.12.1962 24.06.1991 H
2. Smart Nikolaev 07/20/1960 11/04/1961 12/26/1963 07/03/1992 H, S
3. Nimble Nikolaev 02/10/1961 04/21/1962 12/25/1964 08/21/1990 H
4. Ognevoy Leningrad 05/05/1962 05/31/1963 12/31/1964 04/25/1989 B, C
5. Exemplary Leningrad 07/29/1963 02/23/1964 09/29/1965 06/30/1993 B
6. Gifted Leningrad 01/22/1963 09/11/1964 12/30/1965 04/19/1990 C, T
7. Brave Nikolaev 08/10/1963 10/17/1964 12/31/1965 11/12/1974 † H
8. Glorious Leningrad 07/26/1964 04/24/1965 09/30/1966 06/24/1991 B
9.Slender Nikolaev 03/20/1964 07/28/1965 12/15/1966 04/12/1990 C
10. Guarding Leningrad 07/26/1964 02/20/1966 12/21/1966 06/30/1993 T
11. Red Caucasus Nikolaev 25.11.1964 09.02.1966 25.09.1967 01.05.1998 H
12. Resolute Nikolaev 06/25/1965 06/30/1966 12/30/1967 11/01/1989 H
13. Smart Nikolaev 08/15/1965 10/22/1966 09/27/1968 02/22/1993 C
14. Strict Nikolaev 02/22/1966 04/29/1967 12/24/1968 06/30/1993 T
15. Sharp-witted Nikolaev 07/15/1966 08/26/1967 09/25/1969 - H
16. Brave Nikolaev 11/15/1966 02/06/1968 12/27/1969 03/05/1988 B, B
17. Krasny Crimea Nikolaev 02/23/1968 02/28/1969 10/15/1970 06/24/1993 H
18. Able Nikolaev 03/10/1969 04/11/1970 09/25/1971 01/06/1993 T
19. Fast Nikolaev 04/20/1970 02/26/1971 09/23/1972 11/22/1997 H
20. Restrained Nikolaev 03/10/1971 02/25/1972 12/30/1973 05/29/1991 H
21.D51 Rajput (Reliable) Nikolaev 09/11/1976 09/17/1977 11/30/1979 05/04/1980 India
22.DD52 Rana (Destructive) Nikolaev 11/29/1976 09/27/1978 09/30/1981 02/10/1982 India
23.DD53 Ranjit (Dexterous) Nikolaev 06/29/1977 06/16/1979 07/20/1983 11/24/1983 India
24.D54 Ranvir (Solid) Nikolaev 24.10.1981 12.03.1983 30.12.1985 28.10.1986 India
25.DD55 Ranjivay (Explanatory) Nikolaev 03/19/1982 02/01/1986 02/01/1986 01/15/1988 India
Ships of the 61-ME project, built and ordered by India, were temporarily enlisted in the USSR Navy. For them, the Soviet name of the ship is indicated in parentheses. The column "Decommissioned" indicates the date of handover of the ship to the Indian Navy.
Nikolaev - plant named after 61 Communards in Nikolaev (shipyard No. 445).
Leningrad - plant them. A. A. Zhdanova (Severnaya Verf) in Leningrad (shipyard 190).
From the journal of current events of the OD Black Sea Fleet for 08/30/1974:
13.00. Order of the Main Command of the Navy: the main thing is to ensure the buoyancy of the ship, everything else then. Transferred to Brave. NSh Black Sea Fleet.
13.15. The Navy General Committee ordered to deal with the people.
I approached the "Brave" PDS-123. BOD "Komsomolets Ukrainy" departed from the board of "Otvazhny".
13.22. "Brave" for OD Black Sea Fleet:
1. There are no people at the stern.
2. The turn from 164 frames aft.
3. The hole is unknown, but I suppose not (!). (The ship gradually sinks into the water i.e. sinks, but nevertheless it is assumed that there are no holes approx.).
4. Beshtau and SB-15 approached. He did not start pumping water. NSh Black Sea Fleet.
13.30. BOD "Smetlivy" for the OD of the Black Sea Fleet: "I am reporting the situation at the BOD" Otvazhny ": the cover of the 8th cellar was blown up in the aft part. I suppose the stern tower is displaced, there are torn holes in the stern in the area of the 6th cockpit, kerosene storage. The paint is burning on board in the area of the 6th cockpit. In the kerosene storage, a fire continues in the area of the 9th cellar (This part of the report is not correct because at that moment there was no fire in the kerosene storage, probably paint was burning in its area).
The stern deck is 10-15 cm above the water.I assume the fire is spreading
to the area of cellar No. 10, aft rigging pantry. The rescue team came up. HP ZAS 265/95. Commander of the 11th BOD ".
13.40. 20 DiKOVR - OD Black Sea Fleet: “I am reporting: on the alert from 20 DiKOVR, 10 ships entered the naval boat, including: the duty PGG as part of the MPK - 10, 62, 52, additionally MPK-8, KTG MT Torpedist, Vakulenchuk "," Helmsman ", KTG VT-271, 259, 318 weighed anchor, are in readiness. MPK-15, 75 on the roadstead provide pl S-96, PKA "Pioneer". SKR-13, 40 are ready to launch. ZAS 2149/2. Commander 20 DiKOVR ".
13.45. From MRK "Zarnitsa" for the OD of the Black Sea Fleet: "The head of the ACC switched to SB-15, they used foam extinguishing."
14.00. From EM "Conscious" for the OD of the Black Sea Fleet: "I am reporting the situation: the aft cellars are flooded, a defensive line of 164 frames has been set up. The fire keeps on burning
fuel. Fire and smoke come out of the stern tube of the stern machine. The fire is extinguished with PDS-123 foam through the aft pipe. "Bedovy" continues towing at 45 °, speed 5 knots. "
Situation at 14.00 at the Otvazhny shipyard:
1. P - 280 °, D - 18 miles from Chersonesos.
2. Towed by EM "Bedovy", course 5 knots, course 45 °, roll - 13 °, the stern was sunk to the deck.
3. At the side of the SS Beshtau, the PDS-123 extinguishes the fire with foam.
4. Fire in the superstructure and hull, the fire is visible from the stern pipe, fuel, kerosene is burning.
14.08. Order of the Civil Code of the Navy: immediately pump out the water. Ensuring unsinkability is the most important thing.
14.30. SB-15 approached the side. The SS-26 has 5 tons of foam.
14.35. The head of the technical department, Captain 1st Rank Nikitin, arrived at the Komsomolets Ukrainy shipyard, taking measures to transfer to the Otvazhny.
14.36. From the BOD "Resolute" for the OD of the Black Sea Fleet: “By order of the OD, stopped the task. I follow for assistance to the point W 44 ° 36 ", D 32 ° 56". Arrival time is 22.00. ZAS 554/38. Commander".
From the reports of the commanders of the ships near the "Brave" it is clear that the situation, after some improvement, began to deteriorate again, despite the fact that tons of foaming substances were poured onto it from the rescue ships.
Here it is necessary to clarify the situation that has arisen. All attention was paid to supporting the ship's buoyancy, for this, the command forbade extinguishing the fire with seawater, so as not to increase the ship's draft, so they began to extinguish only with foam. At first glance, the order itself seemed to be timely, and the foaming agents did a good job with the fire.
Then why did the fire begin to flare up again and, what is most dangerous, began to spread into the stern, where there was no command and where there were cellar No. 10 with anti-submarine bombs and a kerosene storage "side by side"?
In the section of the deck opened by the explosion, the foam supplied to the fire was blown away by gusts of wind, and the fuel floating on the surface of the water ignited again, and the defoamer supplied to the interior, incl. and through the chimneys: "Fire extinguishing is carried out with PDS-123 foam through the aft pipe", did not even reach the seat of the fire, decomposing on the fly from the high temperature. Because the ship was towed forward against the wind to reduce lateral rolling, then the wind drove the fire to the stern, as a result, there first burned the paint on the sides, and then the cellars exploded.
Explosion in the stern
From the combat log of the Otvazhny BPK for 08/30/1974:
14.47. There was an explosion in the stern. Personnel to leave the stern section. Inspect all compartments, l / s strictly monitor the roll and trim.
14.50. Roll 16 ° to starboard, trim aft 20 °.
14.52. The Sailor of Glands is given honey. help, after the explosion was injured.
14.53. Prochakovsky and Litnovsky are absent from the boatswain's crew, and the chemist, sailor Zavyalov, is the report of senior sailor Grishechko.
14.55. Situation on the quarterdeck: an explosion in the area of cellar 10, the deck bulged.
14.55.5. Roll 15.5 °, trim 20 °.
14.57. Stop supplying pipes to PDS-123.
14.58. Report flag, mechanics - tow the ship aground (I wonder where the ship was towed before?
14.59. The roll increases 19 ° to starboard.
15.00. Roll 25 °.
15.02. Roll 26-28 °, does not increase.
15.03. Sailor Sinitsyn was sent to find out how the situation in the dining room.
15.07. Roll 27 °.
15.10. There was no light and power to the devices.
15.11. The command of the commander is "to go upstairs for everyone."
From the journal of current events of the OD of the Black Sea Fleet headquarters for 08/30/1974:
14.47. Report from "Bedovoy": "I observe an explosion in the stern."
14.50. Report from Li-2: “There was a large burst of flame and smoke. Obviously an explosion. "
14.54. From aviation: “Extinguishing is carried out from the left side. A ship approaches the starboard side. The roll is small, the flame is strong. "
15.00. The roll has increased sharply.
An explosion in cellar No. 10 broke the tightness of the watertight bulkheads on frames 233 and 251, which led to the flooding of two more adjacent compartments to the previously flooded three. The entire aft part of the ship from the 164 frames was flooded. During the time from 14 hours 50 minutes to 15 hours 02 minutes, the ship's roll from 14-15 ° on the starboard side increased to 26-28 ° on the starboard side. The edge of the BOD entered the water along the base of the aft tower.
"The edge of the BOD entered the water along the base of the aft tower"
The structural and technical capabilities of the ship's damage control were exhausted (Due to the large roll and trim at the stern, the bow engine stopped, the generator stopped working, the lights went out). The flooding of five adjacent aft compartments 50 m long, which was 38% of its length, led to the loss of longitudinal stability. With a steady roll of 28 ° and a differential of about 10 m aft, the death of the ship was inevitable.
The last explosion tossed the body of the sergeant major of the 2nd class, Adam Achmiz, lying on the deck of the poop, and threw it onto the rescue ship that was standing next to the "Brave". The body, disfigured by explosions and fire, will be handed over to his parents for burial at home. Of all those killed on the "Brave", he was the only one who was buried.
The death of the "Brave"
At 15:05, the headquarters of the fleet gave the command to the "Brave": "Leave the ship!" Staff officers and part of the ship's crew, only about 50 people, jumped from the board of the Otvazhny to the rescue ship, onto which the corpse of the sailor was thrown. The rest of the crew jumped overboard, about 220 in total.
The commander of the ship, Captain 2nd Rank Ivan Petrovich Vinnik, as befits a captain, "left the ship last."
Nearby, the death of "Otvazhny" was observed from the BOD "Restrained", about which the interim commander of the ship was ordered to report personally by a report to the Commander-in-Chief of the Navy, Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union S.G. Gorshkov.
From the report of the Acting Commander of the BOD "Restrained" Lieutenant-Commander Ryzhenko dated 08/31/1974:
“At 14 hours 45 minutes an explosion occurred on the Otvazhny BPK. At 14:50, by order from the Otvazhny shipyard, 13 IP-46s were dispatched to the Otvazhny shipyard on the longboat.
At 14 hours 57 minutes, the roll to the starboard side of the Otvazhny BPK began to noticeably increase.
The starboard side from the 110 frame and further to the stern went under the water. Water began to flow into the open door of the 31st vestibule.
At 14 hours 58 minutes - fuel on the water began to burn.
At 1510 hours, the fire at the Otvazhny shipbuilding complex switched to the ZKP, water began to flow into the porthole of the midshipmen's wardroom.
At 15 hours 11 minutes communication with the BOD "Otvazhny" was cut off. Received a signal: "The personnel of the BOD" Otvazhny "to leave the ship." Barkaz RBE-534-2 and boat RK-534-1 went to the ship in distress to rescue personnel.
At 15 hours 15 minutes, the personnel began to evacuate to the PDS moored on the left side and jump overboard from the tank.
At 15:20 the fire at the Otvazhny shipbuilding complex intensifies. At 15:36 the personnel of the Otvazhny BPK was removed, the roll increased noticeably to the starboard side, the trim to the stern.
At 15 hours 44 minutes BOD "Bedovy" delivered the tug.
At 15:45 the Otvazhny ship began to sink rapidly astern.
At 15 hours 46 minutes, the Otvazhny BPK became vertical, submerged in the water according to the side number.
At 15.55, the Otvazhny BPK plunged vertically downward, 4-5 meters of the ship's hull were above the water.
At 15 hours 57.5 minutes, W 44 ° 44 "04", D 32 ° 59 "08", the Otvazhny submarine submerged under the water.
When rescuing personnel, 23 people were raised by a longboat, and 19 people were rescued by a boat.
The last chord of tragedy
After 5 hours of struggle for survivability, the ship sank into the water, the evacuation of personnel began, and the sailor Sergei Petrukhin, who had been experiencing inhuman suffering for all these five hours, unconscious, continued to hang in the galley window, there was no time or gas cutters to save him. ...
At the last moment, the sailors, before leaving the ship, wrapped it with a tarpaulin and lined it. And he, still alive, sank to the bottom together with the ship ...
On the second day, to examine the sunken ship, the AS-10 deep-sea vehicle was launched under the water. The area of the starboard galley remained in the memory of observers for a long time. From the porthole of the starboard galley, still rushing upward, holding on to the handrail of the outer ladder, the naked torso of a man protruded - the submariners even remembered that he had a short haircut. It was the corpse of a sailor of the first year of service, Sergei Petrukhin ...
About a month and a half later, once again plunging on their midget submarines to the "Brave", the submariners saw in the same window a human skeleton gnawed by fish - the skeleton obediently sank down onto the superstructure with its skull down, and no longer rushed to people and the sun. ..
As a result of the accident at the Otvazhny BPK, 19 crew members and 5 cadets were killed. Burns and injuries of varying degrees were received by 26 people.
Investigation of the causes of the disaster
On the day of the disaster, the Commander-in-Chief of the Navy, by order, appointed a commission in the following composition: Chairman - Deputy Commander-in-Chief Admiral N.N. Amelko, Deputy Chairmen - Deputy Commander of the Black Sea Fleet Rear Admiral V.A. members of the commission - Rear Admirals A. V. Markov, G. A. Gromov, S. S. Efremov, V. S. Elagin; 1st rank captains A.I. Nashutinsky, M.F.Ilyin, N.A.Rasskazov, I.V. Nikitin and F.T. Burkov, who represented ACC, URAV, OUS, GUK, UPV and GTU of the Navy, as well as TU and OBP Black Sea Fleet.
The same order proposed to involve representatives of the USSR Ministry of Shipbuilding Industry Ya.I. Kupensky and A.K. Perkov, as well as representatives of a number of institutes of the Navy, officers of the headquarters and directorates of the Black Sea Fleet, to investigate the circumstances and causes of the disaster.
On the same day, the commander-in-chief and members of the commission heard reports from the command of the fleet, the formation and the ship. The cause of the explosion was unclear to everyone.
While aboard the Brave, Rear Admiral Sahakyan reported on the explosion of airborne balloons and a fire in the KMO (on the ship, the alleged cause of the explosion was indicated in the combat log at 10:26: "Explosion of cylinders, possibly an explosion of missile ammunition"). However, it was clear that the explosion of the VVD balloon was unlikely to lead to such dire consequences. Moreover, the reason why these cylinders could explode was not clear. Other versions were also put forward (Such "misunderstandings" stemmed from the fact that only one person knew the real reason - midshipman Shuportiak, but he, like other members of the team, had not yet been questioned, and he himself "modestly" kept mum).
As a result of a long investigation, discussion of the reasons and versions of the spontaneous operation of the squib of the main engine of the rocket in cellar No. 8, the commission was forced to draw the following conclusion.
From the Act of the Commission to Investigate the Causes of the Wreck of the Large Anti-Submarine Ship "Otvazhny" dated 09/14/1974:“The causes of the fire.
To establish the location of the fire, the commission considered eight different versions. Of these eight versions, the commission and involved specialists
The Navy and industry, after a comprehensive examination of all materials and interviews with personnel, established that a fire broke out in cellar No. 8 of the Volna-M aft anti-aircraft missile system.
In order to determine the causes of the fire in the specified cellar, ten possible cases were considered. To consider the causes of the fire, 32 specialists from the Navy and industry were involved.
The commission reviewed the expert opinion and, for the following most likely reasons, appointed an extended technical expertise:
spontaneous (without supplying current to the squibs) triggering of the rocket equipment;
ingress of extraneous voltage into the rocket power supply circuit;
malfunction of prelaunch preparation and routine control equipment;
the possibility of ignition of charges with a two-wire with grounding on the body of the electrical wiring inside the rocket;
feeding the rocket for loading with closed cellar hatches.
The commission also got acquainted on the spot on the ships "Komsomolets Ukrainy", "Resolute" and "Soobrazitelny" of project 61 and "Conscious" of project 56a with the feeding complexes "Volna-M" and adjacent premises. At the same time, the personnel of the deceased ship was interviewed at the Komsomolets Ukrainy shipyard about the course of events.
In order to confirm the technical feasibility of launching the main engine of the B-601 rocket in case of admitted malfunctions in the rocket and in the prelaunch equipment, on September 9, 1974, a specially set experiment was carried out in the aft anti-aircraft missile system “Volna-M” of the BPK “Soobrazitelny”.
For the experiment, the insert of the limit switch on the training-operating rocket V-601 was removed and an imitation of an accidental hit of a voltage of 26 volts into the circuit of the squib of the main engine was made.
The tests confirmed the possibility of launching the rocket main engine under the specified conditions.
Versions, possible cases of fire, the protocol of the experiment, etc. are attached.
Based on the consideration and study of materials and documents, a survey of the ship's personnel, the commission believes that the most likely reason for the fire in cellar No. 8 was the launch of the main engine of one of the 15 missiles in the cellar.
The launch of the main engine could occur as a result of the fact that during routine checks or during the preparation of missiles for firing, one of the missiles was not installed or incorrectly installed the limit switch rod and coincidence with this accident
short circuits in the circuit of the main engine squib in the KP-1 device of the pre-launch preparation equipment or in the plug of the on-board connector of the rocket. "
The history of accidents and disasters shows that the wrong actions of one person never lead to the death of a ship. The death of a ship is always a chain of wrong decisions and technical imperfections. Therefore, it would be wrong to blame the midshipman Shuportiak for everything, he turned out to be just a missing link in this tragic chain. What would have happened if he had not chickened out, and turned on the irrigation of the cellar (which, by the way, was taken out of automatic mode due to technical imperfection), it was hardly possible to extinguish the working rocket engine, however, turning on the irrigation in time could reduce the scale of the disaster, if there were explosions that were not so powerful, if he had not hid on the ship for two hours saving his skin, and reported everything on time, then more adequate measures would probably have been taken to save the ship, and then perhaps the galley doors from the adjacent to the cellar would not have jammed No. 8 compartments managed to jump upstairs sailors and, they would not have to accept a terrible death ...
(Based on the results of a whole series of full-scale firing tests with the launch of MD and SD, on a specially created stand that completely repeats cellar No. 8, it was concluded that the standard means of the PPZ of the cellars have the necessary efficiency. chain development of an accident, posing a danger to the ship as a whole, and ensure the localization of the emergency process within the cellar without causing significant damage to the equipment (approx.).
In the book by B. Karzhavin "The Death of the" Brave "on page 235 it is noted “In addition, the water irrigation system of cellar No. 8 (according to the personnel) was completely shut off by repair valves by some order. (Former commander of the BC-5 "Otvazhny" V. Shevkunov does not confirm this. In the conclusion of the expert commission dated 09/11/1974 on the irrigation system with the participation of Kupensky, this is not indicated. - BK).
On several ships, when checking after the disaster, it was also disabled. "
If this unofficial information is correct, then this means that even if Shuportiak at the anti-ship missiles station of cellar No. 8 had complied with the requirements of the watch's instructions and turned on the PPS, then his actions would have been in vain (Later experiments were carried out to start the irrigation system with the opening of closed repair valves , which showed that this requires 25 seconds.From the moment the rocket engine was started until the third, most powerful explosion, 45 seconds passed.that is, the time to turn on the irrigation system was, provided that the irrigation system would not be destroyed by previous explosions approx. ).
However, this does not at all justify cowardice, selfishness and not fulfilling the official duty of midshipman Shuportiak.
After the death of "Otvazhny", for the first time, serious design flaws of the ships of Project 61 were openly named.
From the List of design flaws of project 61. reducing the survivability of the ship, GU K and GTU VM F, TU Black Sea Fleet and 1 Central Research Institute of the Navy dated 09.09.74:
"1. Cellars No. 8, 9 are located in adjacent compartments, separated only by a watertight bulkhead.
2. The presence of a recession (bending approx.) In the watertight bulkhead of the KMO reduces its strength, the KMO has direct contact with cellar No. 8 through the bulkhead in the area of the recession.
3. The presence of fuel tanks, close to the cellars of missile ammunition.
4. The ESAP ("Karat") system is unreliable in operation. Converting the system to a signal version with manual control significantly reduces the possibility of activating fire extinguishing equipment in difficult conditions of fires and damages.
5. The inability to use the flooding system to prevent the explosion of the main ammunition storage (SAM, artillery ammunition).
6. There is no possibility of manual (mechanical) rudder shifting. 7. Impossibility of autonomous supply of a fire extinguisher from 2 stations to any engine room.
8. There are no effective smoke control products.
9. In the premises of the superstructure, which have portholes, there are no emergency portholes, and in the rooms inside the hull, 2 exits are not always provided.
10. There is no possibility of switching on the fire-fighting equipment of the refueling station and kerosene storage from the upper deck.
11. There are no devices for supplying high-expansion foam to extinguish a fire in the interior without depressurizing them.
12. In the documentation on unsinkability, there are no specific recommendations for l / s for dangerous cases of damage; there are no fast-acting means of mechanization to perform labor-intensive calculations of stability characteristics.
13. The ship uses a lot of combustible paints and varnishes, textile and other non-metallic materials.
14. The number of IP-46 on the ship is not enough (16 pcs.).
15. Storage of spare regenerative cartridges and launching devices for IP-46 is provided only in one room.
16. Certain types of rescue equipment (portable rechargeable flashlights, heat-resistant suits, portable fire extinguishers, motor pumps, etc.) are ineffective.
17. There are no effective portable means of extinguishing a fire in premises using a volumetric method.
18. There is no special clothing to protect personnel when fighting a fire.
19. There are no static precipitation gauges and trim gauges for measuring the draft and trims in rough seas.
20. In the cellar irrigation system, the design of the high-speed valve is imperfect and excludes the possibility of water leakage into the irrigation system when the fire pumps are not turned on and stopped.
21. Each ZhS station has a supply of fire extinguisher only for one-time extinguishing in the largest of the protected premises.
22. Access to the control valves of fire extinguishing means of kerosene storages and to cylinders with nitrogen is difficult, and in emergency situations it may be impossible, the system of emergency discharge of kerosene is not provided.
23. Consideration should be given to isolating the drums from each other.
24. Consider the possibility of equipping separate ammunition cellars with autonomous fire extinguishing means.
Twice deceased
After the destruction of the Otvazhny BPK on August 30, 1974, a decision was made to lift the ship.
For this, in the period from August 31 to September 10, 1974, the Otvazhny BPK lying on the ground was examined using the NK-300 observation camera, the RK-680 working chamber, the divers of the rescue vessel and the AS-1 autonomous working projectile. As a result of surveys, it was possible to find out the following: "The ship sank at point W 44 ° 44", 1 and D 33 ° 01 ", 5 at a distance of 28 miles from Sevastopol, at a depth of 130 m, with a heading of 31 ° and a roll of 43 ° to the port side ...
Stern extremity from 210 shp. as a result of the fracture, it is displaced and lies at an angle of 10-20 ° to the center plane with a roll angle of 40-50 ° to the port side.
The left side from frame 70 to the stern cut entered the ground along the upper deck, in the bow the side rises 3-4 meters above the ground ...
Major damage to the ship:
The air intake shaft of GGTZA No. 2 was destroyed by an explosion from the inside, the casing of the left chimney is completely absent from the right side, and from the left - to the point of attachment of the whip antenna, which has been preserved.
The right pipe is half destroyed. Inside each pipe, two intact gas ducts are visible, the superstructure from the 190 to 221 frames is missing, the steel coaming on the upper deck is partially preserved.
The upper deck in the area of the 8th cellar was torn off. The section of the upper deck on the starboard side from 191 to 206 of the frame is curved upward, the starboard side is in the area of 210 shp. has a gap of 3.5-4.5 meters wide at the upper deck and 1 -1.6 meters in the lower part of the side, included in
priming. The edges of the gap are even, without bends. The edges of the metal above the fillet of the right shaft line in the fault area have a burnt appearance with burrs outward. In the rift, cable ropes, pipelines and the right-hand propeller shaft are visible.
The side plating on the starboard side of the deck, in the area of frame 246-248, 1 meter long along the deck and 0.5 meters in height, was torn out. The edges of the hole formed are straight and even.
In the sheathing of the starboard side in the area of 252-253 frames, 2 holes with torn edges outward were found.
The first, measuring 450 x 250 mm, is 100 mm from the upper edge of the bead; the second, measuring 250x200 mm, is located 200 mm below the upper edge of the bead.
The starboard side in the area of KMO, cellars No. 8 and 9 was burned in many places, in cellar No. 8 there are no bulkheads on the starboard and port side.
The aft drum of the SAM stands perpendicular to the deck, presumably in its place, the bow drum is torn off and lies at an angle of 20 ° to the deck in the direction from the left bow corner of the cellar to the right aft corner.
In the upper part of one of the guides of the aft drum, from the left side, the bayonet lock of the rocket is visible. The lock is closed. This lock is damaged on the guide located next to it, on the rest of the guides there are no fasteners. There are no missiles in the cellar.
There is a pile of metal on the bottom of the cellar. The visible part of the bulkhead on the 191 frame is not damaged.
In the area of the base of the bow rocket drum, a hole is visible downward, towards the aft compartment of the drives.
The ZIF-67 stern gun turret has no visible damage, it is deployed with its barrels to the port side, the barrels enter the ground, the hatch is open.
Part of the upper deck of the utah from 244 shp. is bent up and lies at the helicopter launch and command post (SKPV). Above on the sheet is a set of the upper deck.
The aft part of the helipad emerges from the ground, is bent into the stern and twisted. The arc of the white stripe is visible, cable scraps.
Inspection of the soil in the area of the sunken ship.
The soil in the area of the sunken ship was examined on an area of about 2500 sq. meters at a maximum distance from the side of 10-15 meters. The following was found on the ground: a piece of deck with a set measuring 2x0.5 m; a pile of small pieces of ship structure, entangled
ropes, cables, a neck cover and a hatch measuring 0.5 x 0.5 m with backs ... "
The commission appointed on November 14, 1975 by the Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Navy, consisting of specialists from the Central Institute of the Navy for Armaments, the Institute of the Navy for rescue, ship-lifting and deep-sea operations and the Black Sea Fleet, reviewed the state of ammunition in the ship's cellars.
The conclusions of the commission were as follows:
- rockets V-601 - 15 pcs. in the drums of cellar No. 4, when exposed to a shock wave from the detonation of anti-submarine ammunition, they become dangerous for ship lifting;
- depth charges RSL-60 in cellar No. 5 - 192 pcs., of which 24 pcs. have UDV-60 fuses inserted, they are dangerous for carrying out ship-lifting operations;
- depth charges RSL-10 in cellars No. 6 and 7, 24 pcs. in each of which 6 pcs. have UDV-60 fuses inserted, they are dangerous for ship lifting.
The danger of the UDV-60 fuses was confirmed by field tests by laying them on the Otvazhny deck for a period of 12.5 months at a depth of 120 m. Subsequent tests confirmed their operability, that is, the danger of explosion of the RSL-10 and RSL-60 remained.
The results of a complete study and analysis of the state of deep ammunition forced to abandon the project of lifting the main part of the ship, developed earlier by the Institute of the Navy for rescue and ship-lifting operations.
Based on the consideration of all data on the state of the Otvazhny BOD and the degree of danger of the ammunition in it, the Commander-in-Chief of the Navy made decisions. They were formulated in the order of the Commander-in-Chief of the Navy from 12.11.1974 and three directives of the main headquarters of the Navy, issued in the course of work: from 28.05.1975, 3.02.76 and 8.03.77.These documents provided for the following decisions:
a) To form, at the expense of the Black Sea Fleet, a special ship-lifting squad (SSO) consisting of: SPS "Karpaty", SS-21 (SS-26), SBS project 733S, VM project 535 (532), killer support vessels. To appoint captain 1st rank L. Potekhin as commander of the MTR, and chief of staff of captain 1st rank A.V. Zhbanova, to form the MTR Headquarters from the fleet specialists; to involve specialists from special institutes of the Navy in the work of the MTR at different stages of work.
b) BOD "Otvazhny", due to the impossibility of its restoration, as a whole, do not lift; first of all, to carry out work on lifting, from the ship, special equipment available to a potential enemy at external posts, as well as secret documents and special equipment left behind during the ship's disaster.
c) In order to ensure the safety of the ship's sinking area, detonate anti-submarine and missile ammunition located in cellars No. 4, 5, 6 and 7 of the ship. Simultaneously with the detonation of ammunition in the cellars, explode the aft end of the ship for its subsequent lifting.
The rise of classified equipment and documentation.
In April 1975, a diving training ground was equipped over the sunken ship with the installation of 6 sets of raid equipment. Each set of which consisted of a 25 cubic meter raid barrel. meters, a combined cable-chain bridle and a reinforced concrete massif weighing 80 tons.
In May, the rescue vessel SS-50 pr.532, and then SS-21 pr.527M (both rescuers were commanded by Lieutenant Commander Vitaly Yurganov during work at sea), work began on a detailed survey of the ship and the passage to vestibule No. 24 and corridor No. 4 in the bow of the left side, where the secret equipment and documents prepared for evacuation were located. Medium and small sticking magnetic mines were used to detonate the door to the vestibule.
In June-August, 438 items of classified documentation, parts of the ZAS and identification equipment units were raised from the SS-21 in the GKS-ZM equipment. After the completion of the work, a barrage was installed on the doorway to the vestibule.
The rise of secret equipment at open posts. In the period August-November 1975, objects of secret equipment were raised: equipment MR-300, MR-1116, bow and stern antennas of the Turel and Yatagan radars, stern and bow masts. At the end of August, SS-21 was replaced by the ship-lifting vessel Karpaty, which had arrived from the Northern Fleet.
Raising the top of the antenna mast
All objects were separated by detonating flexible cord charges GShZ-4 installed by divers at the base of the ship's structures. The detachable structures were rammed in advance, after detonation they were lifted by a floating crane or a killer to the surface and delivered to the base.
In addition to the above deck structures, in the course of the work were raised: a command boat, a ship yacht and one practical torpedo.
Large anti-submarine ships of project 61 and 61 ME
Large anti-submarine ship (BOD) is a class of ships of the Soviet and Russian navies, introduced on May 19, 1966. In accordance with the name, the ships of the class are designed primarily to combat potential enemy submarines in the oceanic zone. In the navies of other countries, the class of large anti-submarine ships corresponds to a destroyer (DD). In the USSR, the BOD class included warships of special construction projects 61, 1134, 1134A, 1134B, 1135, 1155, 1155.1, as well as ships of projects 56-PLO and 57-A converted from other classes. For 2012, 11 ships of the "large anti-submarine ship" class (types 1134B (1), 61 (1), 1155 (8) and 1155.1 (1)) continue to carry out combat service in the Russian Navy.
Signs of BOD Komsomolets of Ukraine.
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Large anti-submarine ship Komsomolets Ukrainy- built within the framework of project 61. Until May 19, 1966. and from June 1, 1992. classified as patrol ships. Launched on December 31, 1960. and entered service on December 31, 1962. under the name " SKR-25 "... In October 1962. renamed to. November 23, 1964 was included in the Red Banner Black Sea Fleet (KCHF). June 5-30, 1967 carried out a combat mission to provide assistance to the armed forces of Egypt, then as part of the 5th squadron of the Navy in 1970. took part in the maneuvers "Ocean". In 1981. from June 16 to July 01 participates in the Shield-82 exercises. In 1984. participates in the exercises "Ocean", and in 1985. in the exercises "Granit-85". Board numbers: 810 (1962), 296 (1963), 552 (1966), 521 (1969), 810 (1970), 182 (1972), 527 (1972), 538 (1974), 169 (1975), 709, 722 (1979), 712 (1981), 714 (1982), 713 (1983), 716 (1983), 710, 703 (1988), 715 (1990), 1701 (1993). Decommissioned: 1991
Signs of the BOD Krasny Kavkaz.
Large anti-submarine ship Krasny Kavkaz- built within the framework of project 61. Until May 19, 1966. and from June 1, 1992. classified as patrol ships. Launched on February 9, 1966. and entered service on September 25, 1967. and already on October 13, 1967. joined the Red Banner Black Sea Fleet (KCHF). Awarded the Guards Naval Flag inherited from the cruiser of the Black Sea Fleet of the same name. In June 1967. and from January 1 to December 31, 1968. carried out a combat mission to provide assistance to the armed forces of Egypt. In the spring of 1970. participated in the maneuvers "Ocean". In October 1973. carried out a combat mission to provide assistance to the armed forces of Syria. Board numbers: 521 (1967), 571 (1967), 186 (1973), 182 (1974), 531 (1975), 527, 151 (1977), 720 (1978), 729 (1978), 722 (1980), 720 (1981), 171 (1981), 710 (1981), 733 (1983), 702 (1984), 703 (1986), 707 (1987), 710 (1987), 729 (1991), 820 (1993), 179. Decommissioned: May 10, 1998. solemnly lowered the Guards St. Andrew's flag, which was raised the next day on the missile cruiser "Moskva".
Signs of the BOD Red Crimea.
Large anti-submarine ship Red Crimea- built within the framework of project 61. Until May 19, 1966. and from June 1, 1992. classified as patrol ships. Launched on February 28, 1969. and entered service on October 15, 1970, and already on October 20, 1970. entered the Red Banner Black Sea Fleet (KChF) and June 30, 1970. awarded the Guards Naval Flag inherited from the cruiser of the Black Sea Fleet of the same name. In May 1971. and February 1972. carried out a combat mission to provide assistance to the armed forces of Egypt. June 1, 1992 reclassified in the TFR and was enlisted in the 30th division of surface ships with tail number 814. Hull numbers: 521 (1967), 571 (1967), 186 (1973), 182 (1974), 531 (1975), 527, 151 (1977), 720 (1978), 729 (1978), 722 (1980), 720 (1981), 171 (1981), 710 (1981), 733 (1983), 702 (1984), 703 (1986), 707 (1987), 710 (1987), 729 (1991), 820 (1993), 179. Decommissioned: 1993.
BOD Signs Exemplary.
Large anti-submarine ship Exemplary- built within the framework of project 61. Until May 19, 1966. and from June 1, 1992. classified as patrol ships. Launched on February 23, 1964, under the name " SKR-2 ", and entered service on September 29, 1965, and already on November 2, 1965. became a member of the Twice Red Banner Baltic Fleet (DKBF). February 17, 1965 renamed to "Exemplary". In the spring of 1970. participated in the maneuvers "Ocean". From June 29 to July 10, 1970, carried out a combat mission to provide assistance to the armed forces of Egypt. Board numbers: 080 (1965), 501 (1966), 190 (1967), 564 (1967), 504 (1970), 501 (1971), 518 (1972), 501 (1974), 520 (1975), 514 ( 1976), 430 (1979), 425 (1982), 446 (1983), 433 (1985), 435 (1990). Decommissioned: 1993
Signs BOD Gifted.
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Large anti-submarine ship Gifted- built within the framework of project 61. Until May 19, 1966. and from June 1, 1992. classified as patrol ships. Launched on September 11, 1964. and entered service on December 30, 1965, and already on January 11, 1966. joined the Red Banner Northern Fleet (KSF). In 1966. became a member of a special expedition and made the transition from the Kola Bay to Vladivostok along the Northern Sea Route, where on October 8, 1966. joined the Red Banner Pacific Fleet (KTOF). Board numbers: 084 (1965), 049 (1966), 561 (1967), 054 (1967), 582 (1970), 143 (1976), 562 (1980), 583 (1981), 103 (1983), 583 ( 1984), 566 (1985), 108, 564, 587 (1991). Decommissioned: 1990
Signs of the BOD Ognevoy.
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- built within the framework of project 61. Until May 19, 1966. and from June 1, 1992. classified as patrol ships. Launched on May 31, 1963. and entered service on December 31, 1964, and already on January 21, 1965. joined the Red Banner Baltic Fleet (KBF). October 12, 1972 modernized according to project 61-M, after which it was transferred to the Red Banner Northern Fleet (KSF). Board numbers: 083 (1965), 544 (1967), 480 (1971), 581 (1973), 299 (1977), 241 (1978), 296 (61MP), 433, 518, 622 (1984), 642 (1984 ), 602 (1989). Decommissioned: 1989
Large anti-submarine ship Brave.
Signs of BOD Brave.
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Large anti-submarine ship Brave- built within the framework of project 61. Until May 19, 1966. and from June 1, 1992. classified as patrol ships. Launched on October 17, 1964. under the name "Eagle" and entered service on December 31, 1965, and was renamed to. January 25, 1965, joined the Red Banner Black Sea Fleet (KChF). June 5-30, 1967 carried out a combat mission to provide assistance to the armed forces of Egypt. Participated in the exercises in 1971. "Yug-71" and in 1970. "Ocean" . On August 30, 1974, a severe fire broke out on the ship, as a result of a spontaneous launch of an anti-aircraft guided missile. Sank while towing. Board numbers: 393 (1965), 525, 523 (1968), 528 (1970), 197 (1971), 520 (1972), 184 (1972), 530 (1974). Decommissioned: 1974
Signs BOD Agile.
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Large Anti-Submarine Ship Agile - built within the framework of project 61. Until May 19, 1966. and from June 1, 1992. classified as patrol ships. Launched on February 29, 1972. under the name "SKR-37" and entered service on December 30, 1973, and was renamed to. January 22, 1965 joined the Black Sea Fleet. In June 1967. and from January 1 to December 31, 1968. carried out a combat mission to provide assistance to the armed forces of Egypt. In 1974. modernized according to the project 61E.
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In 1971. took part in the exercises "Yug. In October 1973 he performed a combat mission to provide assistance to the armed forces of Syria. Since 1982 he is a member of the 70th brigade of the 30th division of anti-submarine ships of the KChF. Board numbers: 027 (1964), 078 (1964) ), 383 (1964), 216, 653 (1966), 530 (1970), 374 (1971), 533 (1972), 535 (1973), 179 (1973), 190, 164 (1976), 175 (1976) , 707 (1978), 724 (1981), 707 (1984), 710 (1987), 713 (1990). Decommissioned: 1990.
Large anti-submarine ship Resolute.
Signs BOD Resolute.
Large anti-submarine ship Resolute - built within the framework of project 61. Until May 19, 1966. and from June 1, 1992. classified as patrol ships. Launched on June 30, 1966. and entered service on December 30, 1967, and already on January 11, 1968. joined the Red Banner Black Sea Fleet (KCHF). From 1 to 31 June 1967 and from April 1 to December 31, 1968. carried out a combat mission to provide assistance to the armed forces of Egypt. In 1970. took part in the maneuvers "Ocean". In 1989. decommissioned and mothballed. Further in 1996. sold for scrap. Board numbers: 529 (1967), 524 (1971), 529 (1972), 536 (1973), 196 (1973), 156 (1975), 159 (1977), 724 (1978), 720 (1978), 758 ( 1978), 705 (1984), 711 (1989), 708 (1990), 818 (1993). Decommissioned: 1996
Large anti-submarine ship Restrained - built within the framework of the 61-M project. Since June 28, 1977 to October 1, 1980 classified as large rocket ships. Launched on February 29, 1972. and entered service on December 30, 1973, and already on February 7, 1974. joined the Red Banner Black Sea Fleet (KCHF).
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In 1984. - participated in the "Ocean" exercises. Since 1987 is a member of the 150th brigade of surface ships of the KChF (side number 702), and after its disbandment in October 1990. - in the 30th division of the KChF. Since January 1992 the ship was reclassified in the TFR and received the tail number 804 and became part of the 30th surface ship division (DINK). Board numbers: 534 (1973), 173 (1975), 160 (1975), 254 (1978), 286 (1979), 288 (1979), 737, 734 (1983), 711 (1984), 705 (1986), 702 (1988), 804 (01.1992). Decommissioned: 2001
BOD signs Fast.
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Large anti-submarine ship Speedy - Until May 19, 1966. and from June 1, 1992. classified as patrol ships. Launched on February 26, 1971. and entered service on September 23, 1972, and already on October 31, 1972. became a member of the KChF.
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October 5-24, 1973 carried out a combat mission to provide assistance to the armed forces of Egypt. In 1974. Together with anti-ship missiles "Leningrad" participates in the clearance of the Gulf of Suez, ensuring the safety of combat trawling. Board numbers: 537 (1972), 177 (1973), 533 (1973), 166 (1973), 173, 153 (1975), 191 (04.1975), 753 (1977), 733 (1978), 164 (1978), 729 (1982), 715 (1984), 702 (1987), 705 (1990), 805 (1992). Decommissioned: 1997
Signs BOD Glorious.
Large anti-submarine ship Glorious - built within the framework of project 61. Until May 19, 1966. and from June 1, 1992. classified as patrol ships. Launched on April 24, 1965. and entered service on September 30, 1966, and already on October 17, 1966. became a member of the Twice Red Banner Baltic Fleet (DKBF). From June 14 to July 29, 1972 carried out a combat mission to provide assistance to the armed forces of Egypt and Syria. In the period from 1973. to 1975 was undergoing modernization according to project 61-M. Board numbers: 537 (1972), 177 (1973), 533 (1973), 166 (1973), 173, 153 (1975), 191 (04.1975), 753 (1977), 733 (1978), 164 (1978), 729 (1982), 715 (1984), 702 (1987), 705 (1990), 805 (1992). Decommissioned: 1997
Signs BOD Bold.
Large anti-submarine ship Brave
- built within the framework of project 61. Until May 19, 1966. and from June 1, 1992. classified as patrol ships. Launched on February 6, 1968. and entered service on December 27, 1969, and already on January 9, 1970. joined the Red Banner Black Sea Fleet (KCHF). .JPG)
August 28, 1976 - Together with the Cruiser "Zhdanov" urgently comes to the area of collision of our nuclear submarine K-22 "Krasnogvardeets" with the American frigate USS FF-1047 Voge. In 1977. modernized on the project 61M. January 30, 1985 became a member of the Twice Red Banner Baltic Fleet (DKBF). 19 January 1988 leased to the Polish Navy and renamed "Warszawa". On March 5, 1988, he was expelled from the USSR Navy. Board numbers: 531 (1969), 535 (1970), 358 (1970), 167 (1975), 173 (1976), 165 (1976), 171 (1977), 252 (1978), 257 (1978), 440 ( 1980), 739 (1981), 720 (1981), 702, 410 (1987), 724 (1988), 529 (61MP), 444 (61MP). Decommissioned: 1988
Signs BOD Sharp-witted.
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Large anti-submarine ship Sharp-witted - built within the framework of project 61. Until May 19, 1966. and from June 1, 1992. classified as patrol ships. Launched on August 26, 1967. and entered service on September 25, 1969, and already on October 21, 1969. joined the Red Banner Black Sea Fleet (KCHF). February 19, 1987 delivered for repair, and then immediately for modernization, which, together with the repair, lasted 10 years. In 1997. entered service. In 2003. as part of a group of ships of the Black Sea Fleet participated in oceanic naval exercises in the Indian Ocean together with the Pacific Fleet and the Indian Navy, and in 2011. took part in the Russian-Italian naval exercises "Ioniex-2011" in the Mediterranean Sea. Board numbers: 537 (1969), 527 (1972), 534 (1974), 178 (1975), 152 (1977), 710 (1978), 701 (1980), 745 (1981), 178 (1985), 717 ( 1987), 714 (1990), 810 (1993), 715. Decommissioned: Serves to this day.
Signs BOD Savvy.
Large anti-submarine ship Smart - built within the framework of project 61. Until May 19, 1966. and from June 1, 1992. classified as patrol ships. Launched on October 4, 1961. under the name "SKR-44" and March 21, 1963. was renamed to. It entered service on December 26, 1963, and on November 23, 1963. joined the Black Sea Fleet (KCHF).
During the period of service, he wore the Guards Naval flag inherited from the destroyer of the same name of the 7-U project of the Black Sea Fleet. From 1 to 31 June 1967 and from January 1 to December 31, 1968, carried out a combat mission to provide assistance to the armed forces of Egypt. August 6, 1982 transferred to the Red Banner Northern Fleet (KSF). Board numbers: 215 (1963), 374 (1963), 524 (1963), 078, 528 (1967), 536 (1968), 524 (1969), 871 (1969), 530 (1971), 532 (1972), 528 (1973), 179 (1974), 175 (1975), 717 (1981), 660 (1982), 632 (1985), 611 (05/01/1990), 604 (1992). Decommissioned: 1992
Signs BOD Able.
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Large anti-submarine ship Able - built within the framework of project 61. Until May 19, 1966. and from June 1, 1992. classified as patrol ships. Launched on April 11, 1970. and entered service on September 25, 1971, and already on October 27, 1971. joined the Red Banner Pacific Fleet (KTOF). In 1987. put for overhaul, where the life of the ship ended, then it was given to "Sevmorzavod" to pay off the Navy's debts to the enterprise. In 1993. dismantled the weapons and then sold it to India for metal. Board numbers: 522 (1971), 109 (1972), 102 (1975), 142 (1976), 547 (1978), 522 (1980), 544 (1982), 531 (1984), 505 (1985), 578 ( 1987). Decommissioned: 1993
Signs BOD Strict.
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Large anti-submarine ship Strict - built within the framework of project 61. Until May 19, 1966. and from June 1, 1992. classified as patrol ships. Launched on April 29, 1967. and entered service on December 24, 1968, and already on January 8, 1969. joined the Red Banner Pacific Fleet (KTOF). Board numbers: 528 (1968), 564 (1971), 543 (1971), 504 (1974), 528 (1975), 100 (1977), 545 (1985), 504 (1989), 580 (1991). Decommissioned: 1993
BOD Signs Slender.
Large anti-submarine ship Slender - built within the framework of project 61. Until May 19, 1966. and from June 1, 1992. classified as patrol ships. Launched on July 28, 1965. and entered service on December 15, 1966, and already on December 30, 1966. joined the Red Banner Northern Fleet (KSF). September 04, 1967 A fire broke out on the K-3 submarine - the MB-52 tugboat, the Beshtau rescuer, the Stroyny large anti-submarine ship and the Zheleznyakov cruiser were sent to help. Since 1975 to 1981 was on modernization in Nikolaev and on November 6, 1980. included in the project 61-MP. In 1984. participated in the exercises "Ocean". January 15, 1985 went into combat service in the Mediterranean Sea, the tasks of which were carried out jointly with the aircraft carrier "Kiev", RRC "Vice-Admiral Drozd", BOD "Marshal Tymoshenko", and the destroyer Sovremenny. From August 28 to September 26, 1988 supervised NATO exercises Tim Work 88 in the Norwegian Sea. Board numbers: 382 (1966), 545 (1967), 525 (1970), 557 (1975), 734 (1977), 610 (1981), 640 (08.1984), 642 ?, 619 (1987), 660 (1990) ... Decommissioned: 1990
Large anti-submarine ship Guarding.
BOD signs Guarding.
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Large anti-submarine ship Guarding- built within the framework of project 61. Until May 19, 1966. and from June 1, 1992. classified as patrol ships.
The badge is dedicated to 3 projects of the "Guarding" destroyers
The first destroyer would have been sunk by the Japanese fleet during the Russo-Japanese outburst of 1905-1907. In 1911, the feat of the crew was immortalized in a bronze composition against the background of a cross - it consists of two sailors: one with an effort opens the porthole, from which water gushes, and the other - kingstones, which was installed in Alexander Park.
The second destroyer was killed in an unequal battle with Hitler's aircraft.
The third ship, which began to bear this name, was the BOD 61 project. Launched on February 20, 1966. and entered service on December 21, 1966, and already on January 7, 1967. joined the Red Banner Pacific Fleet (KTOF).
Board numbers: 504 (1966), 580 (1967), 504 (1971), 585 (1973), 140 (1976), 563 (1980), 565 (1982), 580 (1986), 150, 624. Decommissioned: 1993 ...
BOD signs Solid.
Large anti-submarine ship Solid- built within the framework of the 61ME project. Launched on March 12, 1983. and entered service on December 30, 1985, and already on December 30, 1985. joined the Red Banner Black Sea Fleet (KCHF). On April 21, 1986 she became a member of the Indian Navy - destroyer Ranvir.Board numbers: 724 (1985).
Large anti-submarine ship Smart.
Signs BOD Smyshleny.
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Large anti-submarine ship Clever- built within the framework of project 61. Until May 19, 1966. and from June 1, 1992. classified as patrol ships. Launched
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October 22, 1966 and entered service on September 27, 1968, and already on October 21, 1968. joined the Red Banner Northern Fleet (KSF). Took part in the "Ocean" maneuvers in 1970 In 1975. took part in the operational-strategic exercise "Ocean-75". In 1975 - 1977, it was modernized according to the 61-MP project.
Since 1978 is a member of the 120th brigade of missile ships, carries out combat service in the Atlantic. Together with TARKR "Kirov", BOD "Admiral Isakov" and "Stroyny" took part in the exercises "North-81" in 1981.V 1986 - a long-distance cruise in the Mediterranean Sea as part of (KUG) BOD "Ognevoy" and RK "Vice-Admiral Drozd".
Board numbers 525 (1968), 297 (1969), 552 (1971), 587 (1974), 291 (1976), 296 (1977), 337 (1978), 317 (1979), 614 (1980), 648 (1981 ), 614 (1987), 635 (1988), 644 (05.1990). Decommissioned: 1993
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