Could there be cancer. The first symptoms of cancer: how to recognize oncology in the early stages. Factors influencing the development of cancer

The insidiousness of cancer is that pain appears only in the late stages. Are there “early” signs that can help you start treatment on time and save your life?

General and local symptoms

Detect cancer at an early stage, before it spreads tentacles throughout the body metastasis, is a guarantee of a positive prognosis for treatment. Every year, about half a million inhabitants of our country are diagnosed with malignant tumors, half of them die.

These are the ones who went to the doctor too late.

95% of patients with a detected neoplasm in the first or second stage are successfully cured.

In whatever part of the body a malignant tumor is located, it gives itself out with the following symptoms:

More specific symptoms depend on the location of the malignant tumor.

Lungs' cancer

The leader of oncological diseases - lung cancer - is difficult to distinguish from other pathologies of the respiratory system, since in the early stages there are:

For this reason, patients are often treated for other pathologies.

Mammary cancer

At the initial stages, there are simply no obvious signs of the disease, even with an independent feeling. Still, a young woman should provide a monthly self-examination of the breast, which includes:

Signs of cancer can be the slightest seals, swelling and deformities, cheishuyki and wounds on the nipple and areola.

For women over the age of 39, this examination is not enough. In order to detect cancer on time, you need to undergo an examination.

Cancer of the male genital organs

On palpation, any swelling and induration, even the size of a pea, should be suspicious of any difference in size. Over time, aching pain and a feeling of heaviness appear in the testicles.

Prostate cancer is a male thunderstorm that develops with age. It is dangerous because in the early stages it proceeds imperceptibly... Someone has frequent urge to use the toilet, pain in the perineum, blood in the urine, although the first symptoms may not be present.

Larynx cancer

In 95% of cases of pathology, men also become patients. At an early stage, the disease betrays itself by hoarseness and a change in the timbre of the voice, but only if the vocal cords are affected. Vestibular cancer of the larynx proceeds unnoticed until the neoplasm causes a sensation of presence foreign body, interferes with swallowing and breathing.

Digestive system cancer

It will not be possible to identify intestinal cancer on your own at the first stage of development. Usually it is discovered by chance - already at a later stage at a doctor's appointment. Therefore, you need to be on the lookout if the following symptoms are observed for a long time:

increased gas formation;
a feeling of fullness in the intestines;
alternating constipation and diarrhea;
discomfort during bowel movements, false desires;
blood in the stool.

But that's the difficulty of diagnosis: similar symptoms are characteristic of hemorrhoids, paraproctitis and other diseases.

Stomach cancer betrays itself lack of appetite and rise in temperature.

Feeling of heaviness and pain occurs much later.

In liver cancer, along with general symptoms, there are:

heaviness in the right hypochondrium;
enlargement of the abdomen.

In the glandular tissue, the tumor grows instantly. Within a month from the moment of its formation, it can be palpated on palpation.

Cancer of the female genital organs

These include tumors of the ovary, vagina, cervix, and body of the uterus.

In whatever place of the female genital organs a malignant neoplasm appears, at an early stage a woman does not even suspect that a tumor appears inside her.

With the development of the disease, blood clots appear in the female discharge.

With ovarian cancer - menstrual irregularities and frequent urination.

Skin cancer

The disease can be diagnosed visually even at an early stage. Skin cancer is characterized by the following symptoms:

External defects can occur anywhere, even on the mucous membrane.

Brain cancer

Symptoms directly depend on which area of the brain the seal appeared and how large it is:

Even a benign tumor is dangerous for the brain.

Bone cancer

Almost immediately with the onset of the disease, a dull aching pain appears near the joint. Over time, it becomes more intense, swelling and redness appear. Most often, different types of bone cancer occur on the legs, pelvis and chest, less often on the head, including the jaw.

What kind of examination?

Since in the initial stages, cancer proceeds secretly, regular preventive examinations and tests are recommended. Tells about the development of any type of cancer in the body blood test.

To confirm the diagnosis, more local studies are assigned.

Localization of cancer	Survey methods
Lungs	In the early stages, radiography is not enough. It is necessary to undergo computed tomography (CT) or MRI of the lung, additionally - endoscopic bronchography and biopsy.
Breast	X-ray mammography and ultrasound are performed. A biopsy is needed to determine the nature of the tumor.
Prostate	The urologist first examines through the anus with a finger, prescribes a blood test for PSA and a biopsy.
Larynx	An otolaryngologist can recognize the disease by examining the throat with a special mirror. A more accurate diagnosis will be given by direct fibrolaryngoscopy (examination with a flexible endoscope) and microlaryngoscopy (examination of the larynx with a microscope under anesthesia).
Digestive system	The gastroenterologist prescribes EGDS, X-ray, tomographic, ultrasound examination. In rectal cancer, the proctologist probes with a finger, prescribes a feces analysis.
Female genital organs	The gynecologist probes with his fingers. More effective analysis for cytology, X-ray, tomographic, ultrasound examination
Skin	Biopsy and cytological examination are prescribed.
Brain	Encephalography, radiography and MRI are done.
Bones	Different types of tomography and biopsy are used.

To reduce the risk of developing pathology, the examination should be annual.

Content

What horror a person experiences when he is given this dangerous diagnosis! Only the situation does not always end tragically. If signs of cancer are detected at the first stage of damage to the body, oncology diseases are treatable. What symptoms help to suspect malignant neoplasms, how they differ in men and women, with various types of pathologies - information useful to people at any age.

What is cancer

This ailment is one of the most dangerous - it develops rapidly and often ends in death. Cancer is an oncological pathology in which there is an uncontrolled growth of cells that form a malignant tumor. Taking into account the stage of development:

at the first, a cure is possible;
the second is distinguished by the spread of cancer cells to neighboring organs, it is eliminated with timely diagnosis;
third, fourth have a low survival rate due to rapid metastases throughout the body.

Cancer develops from the epithelium, the disease can begin in any organ of a person. Due to metabolic disorders:

new cells acquire unusual functions;
cease to form tissues correctly;
require additional energy for growth;
infect healthy tissues of the body, destroying them;
capture blood vessels, lymphatic channels and spread throughout the body - metastasize.

How to detect

In order to achieve a positive treatment result, it is important to timely identify the beginning process and engage in cancer prevention. Signs of oncology in the body can be found at medical examinations, with the mandatory passage of mammography, fluorography, urine and feces tests. The onset of the disease is determined by the results of a blood test, when, for no apparent reason, it is found:

acceleration of ESR;
decrease in hemoglobin levels;
changes in thyroid, reproductive, adrenal hormones;
increased calcium levels in kidney cancer.

When there is a targeted detection of a tumor, they use:

analyzes for tumor markers;
cytological examination of cells;
tissue histology - differentiate cancer;
computed tomography - reveal the size, shape of the neoplasm;
ultrasound examination - changes in tissue density are observed;
magnetic resonance imaging - determine small tumors, metastases in the body;
endoscopic methods - reveal a picture near the lesion.

How does cancer manifest?

In the initial stages, the symptoms of oncology are often indistinguishable from other diseases or do not appear at all. This leads to a late start of treatment and a decrease in the effectiveness of the results. As the cancer progresses, it looks different from the signs of infection. The symptoms of malignant tumors depend on:

gender, age of the patient;
concomitant diseases;
stages of cancer;
tumor structure;
localization of cancer;
growth rate.

In addition to the general signs characteristic of any type of oncology, they are observed in the case of cancer:

brain - impaired memory, attention, the appearance of seizures;
skin - depending on the type and form - ulcers, penetration of cancer into the deep layers;
lungs - shortness of breath, cough with purulent sputum;
liver - the development of jaundice;
organs of the genitourinary system - blood in the urine, urinary problems;
stomach - difficulties in digestion, stool disorders.

Common Symptoms

It is necessary to know the general signs of cancer. This will help to consult a doctor in a timely manner, start an examination, and initial treatment of the patient. Symptoms indicate cancer:

sharp unreasonable weight loss;
fever, fever, - the reaction of the immune system, activation of forces to fight the disease, appears in the last stages.

The main signs of the manifestation of cancer include:

deterioration of health;
a gradual increase in weakness;
increased fatigue;
nausea;
the occurrence of pain - possible at all stages of cancer;
changes in the skin - the appearance of urticaria, erythema, jaundice, with melanoma of the skin - increased pigmentation, the formation of warts, a change in their color;
deterioration in hair quality;
a feeling of discomfort in the affected organ;
the appearance of seals, tumors.

First signs

It is very important not to miss the first symptoms of cancer. A dangerous disease detected in the early stages is successfully treated, and gives a high survival rate. The risk of oncology can be recognized by the general symptoms of cancer. The first signs of the presence of malignant neoplasms have characteristic features that depend on:

localization of a cancerous tumor;
defeat of female organs;
manifestations of the disease in men;
the development of pathology in children.

The first signs of cancer in women

The female genital organs are often affected by cancerous tumors, which is associated with the peculiarities of the development of the body. Other localizations of malignant neoplasms are not excluded. The first signs of a tumor in the female body:

bleeding during menopause;
allocation of a smearing character after intercourse;
profuse prolonged menstruation;
change in the shape of the breast;
discharge from the nipple.

Cancer in women causes symptoms:

bleeding between periods;
soreness in the ovarian region;
watery discharge with ichor in cancer of the inner wall of the uterus;
lumps in the chest;
retraction of the nipple;
discomfort in the labia area;
leakage of urine;
lower abdominal pain;
blood in the stool;
disorders of urination;
an increase in the size of the abdomen;
bleeding from the rectum.

The first signs of cancer in men

In addition to common cancers, cancer of the genitourinary system is not uncommon for men. Frequent smoking leads to the appearance of malignant tumors of the larynx and lungs. With cancer in men, the following signs are observed:

urinary incontinence;
back pain - a signal of a prostate tumor;
rectal bleeding;
inability to urinate;
change in the consistency of stool;
blood in the urine;
sharp abdominal pain;
lumps in the chest;
lumps in the testicles;
coughing up blood, mucus, pus.

In children

The onset of an oncological disease in a child can be marked by signs of intoxication of the body - loss of appetite, vomiting, headaches, pallor of the skin. With the development of cancer in children, often the appearance of tearfulness, moodiness, nightmares, fears. Depending on the type of pathology, the following are observed:

with leukemia - nosebleeds, joint aches, enlarged liver;
with brain tumors - impaired coordination, convulsions, loss of consciousness;
in the case of osteosarcoma, nocturnal joint pain;
with eye cancer - visual disturbances, hemorrhages.

Back pain in cancer

Often, especially in the later stages of cancer development, there is pain in the back. Symptoms are in the form of spasms, are aching, tingling in nature. Pain in the lumbar spine is observed with ovarian cancer, prostate tumor. Such signs of neoplasms in cancer patients appear as a result of the presence of metastases that have struck the spine. This is typical for development:

stomach cancer, when the process has invaded the pancreas;
tumors in the lungs;
lumbar spine cancer;
malignant neoplasm in the breast.

Temperature

Common symptoms of cancer include temperature changes. This symptom manifests itself in different ways as the tumor grows. The increase in temperature is facilitated by the activation of the immune system, which tries to fight against foreign cells. In the later stages of the disease, in many types of cancer, it is very high. At an early stage of development, a subfebrile temperature is observed, which lasts for a long time, sometimes up to several weeks, does not exceed 38 degrees. Such signs are characteristic for the appearance:

lymphocytic leukemia;
lymphomas;
lymphosarcoma.

Dramatic weight loss

Often, in a short period of time, an oncological patient changes his appearance, looks so that he does not look like his photo of six months ago. Dramatic weight loss - up to 5 kg per month - is a serious reason to see a doctor. This sign of oncology is one of the very first and brightest. Losing weight in cancer is explained by:

the production of substances by the tumor that disrupt metabolic processes;
psychological stress that deprives you of appetite;
the influence of chemotherapy.

A cancer patient quickly loses weight, which is associated with:

poisoning of the body with metabolic products of cancer cells;
the need for a large amount of nutrients for tumor growth and metastases;
violation of the intake and digestion of food in esophageal cancer, gastrointestinal tumors;
radiation therapy to the head area, in which taste, smell are disturbed, and aversion to food appears;
removal of part of the stomach, intestines.

Cough

This symptom characterizes the oncology of the tissues of the lung and bronchi. The cough changes greatly as the cancer develops. This symptom is distinguished:

at the initial stage, a constant dry cough;
with the growth of the tumor, a small amount of clear sputum is formed;
with a further increase in size, blood vessels are damaged, blood appears;
gradually the sputum becomes purulent, profuse, with an unpleasant odor;
with vascular lesions, it looks like raspberry jelly;
with the destruction of the arteries when coughing, pulmonary hemorrhage begins.

Weakness and sweating

With the development of a cancerous tumor, sweating and muscle weakness are not uncommon. With these signs, the body signals the appearance of serious problems in it. When the lymphatic system, adrenal glands, pituitary gland are damaged, hormonal disruptions occur, leading to increased sweating. The cause of weakness with the development of cancer is:

poisoning of blood by the waste products of aggressive cells;
anemia with damage to the blood vessels;
the inability to properly digest food with pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract;
interception by malignant cells of nutrition in healthy ones.

Atypical symptoms

There are signs of cancer that are similar to symptoms of other diseases. To be on the safe side, when identifying them, it is better to contact a specialist to clarify the diagnosis. Atypical signs of cancer:

sores in the mouth;
frequent infections;
painful cough;
feeling of fullness in the bladder;
skin signs - changes in the size and color of the warts;
unexplained discharge of blood and pus;
severe migraine;
smell from the mouth;
exacerbation of stomach ulcers;
trouble swallowing;
causeless swelling;
sore throat;
hoarseness of voice.

Cancer symptoms of different organs

There are signs of oncology that are characteristic of certain organs. For example, tumors of the pancreas or prostate gland have their own characteristics. Signs of pathology are observed:

		Symptoms
Breast cancer	mastitis	tightness of the breast area, swelling, redness
Breast cancer	Paget's cancer	ulceration of the nipple
Colon tumor		bleeding, bowel dysfunction
Cervical cancer		bloody discharge from the genital tract
Lung tumor		hemoptysis, shortness of breath, purulent sputum
	squamous	damage to the deep layers of the skin

Video

Cancer is currently one of the worst diseases on earth. This is a malignant neoplasm (tumor) that develops from the epithelial cells of various organs (mucous membrane, skin, internal organs). With the timely detection of cancer, death can be avoided and conservative treatment methods can be dispensed with.

Cancer causes and symptoms

According to statistics, cancer-related mortality ranks second after cardiovascular disease. More than 6 million people are diagnosed with cancer every year. The main characteristic of this malignant tumor is a violation of the structure of tissues and the loss of the ability of cells to differentiate. Cancer cells with blood flow aggressively spread throughout the body, where they form secondary tumor foci (metastases).

Tumors are either benign or malignant. There are many cancers: cervical cancer, upper lip cancer, vaginal cancer, larynx cancer, thyroid cancer, etc.

The manifestation of the symptoms of the disease largely depends on the localization of the cancer, the rate of its growth, and the presence of metastases.

How to define oncology?

Definition of oncology - characteristic features

Cancer can be identified by a change in the condition of the skin in the form of a growing swelling in a limited area. These swellings sometimes ulcerate, and deep ulcers appear that are difficult to treat.

There are also a number of signs of cancer that are not related to its location in the body: appetite decreases, groundless, sudden weakness appears, the patient loses much weight, anemia in the blood, and a person also develops an aversion to meat.

In order to determine an oncological disease in a patient, specific and non-specific analyzes may be offered to him. An experienced oncologist is well aware of how to define oncology in a particular case. It would seem, at first glance, that a routine examination can tell a lot, especially when it comes to suspected prostate cancer, melanoma, breast, uterus, lymphatic system disease. And general urine and blood tests can raise the suspicion of possible damage to the kidney, bladder or rectum.

One general rule applies here: non-specific simple tests often indicate an oncological disease in an advanced form. If there are no obvious signs of the disease, but you want to be completely confident in your health, you need to conduct an in-depth examination.

Diagnostics of oncology

How to determine oncology by analyzes?

Firstly, it is necessary to conduct an initial examination and clarifying instrumental diagnostics: ultrasound and X-ray examination of the pelvic organs and abdominal cavity, thyroid and mammary glands, endoscopic examination of the bladder, intestines and stomach. To examine the lungs, an x-ray is sufficient at first.

More detailed information allowing to determine the disease is provided by computed tomography of the abdominal and thoracic cavities.

Magnetic resonance imaging is indispensable for examining the brain and spinal cord. However, this method is quite expensive and therefore less readily available.

In order not to torment yourself with thoughts about how to define oncology, you need to start with a simple one: men need to visit a urologist annually, and women - a mammologist and gynecologist.

In some cases, a blood test for tumor markers is done. Cancers of the bladder, ovary, bowel, and prostate are very likely to be found.

Sometimes, to clarify the diagnosis, a diagnostic puncture of a lump, tumor or cyst is performed from exactly the place that arouses suspicion. The obtained cellular material is sent for microscopic examination.

If the organ is deep enough, and it is not possible to carry out a puncture, the material for research and clarification of the diagnosis is provided by the operation.

Modern examination methods make it possible to detect cancer at an early stage, when it is still well treatable. But for this it is necessary to consult a doctor in a timely manner, after which anamnesis and thorough analyzes will be carried out.

In addition, the question of how to define cancer at the present stage allows the latest medical equipment: computed tomography, radiography, endoscopy, biopsy, puncture. Therefore, if you notice even the slightest manifestation of any of the above symptoms, you should immediately consult a doctor for an examination.

Cancer is a malignant tumor that can form in any organ, and it only grows over time. The structure of the tumor depends on the person's age and the presence of other diseases. Before describing the symptoms, you need to understand what cancer is.

Content of the article:

What is cancer (disease)

Basically, cancer is described depending on its location in the body, if the disease appears in the gastrointestinal tract - there is a sharp weight loss, called cachexia, then anemia appears. If cancer affects the liver, the person feels exhausted, and the metabolism slows down. Localization of a malignant tumor demonstrates the clinical picture, if it is located in the end of the stomach, symptoms of stenosis will appear. Because of this, food will not enter the intestines. But if the disease appears in the initial part of the stomach, then dysphagia will appear - food will not enter the stomach or will enter, but in small quantities.

In the future, at a late stage of the disease, all symptoms intensify, but they are associated not with the main cancer, but with metastases that have penetrated deep into the tissues of the body. For example, the symptoms of lung cancer can be expressed through the brain if metastases enter the brain. For example, doctors say that prostate cancer can be diagnosed only after checking the bones, if there is pain and metastases in the bones - this indicates prostate cancer.

All malignant tumors, excluding local symptoms, which are associated with only one organ, have certain general symptoms. The further the tumor develops, the more it destroys the internal organs, and the most important systems of the body. Over time, changes occur in the metabolism, endocrine, nervous and immune systems. Because of this, the tumor has a double effect, either it destroys only one organ, or destroys the whole system. When exposed to one organ, a tumor is poisoned with healthy tissue, which is located in proximity to the neoplasm. The local influence of a cancerous tumor is revealed during the delivery of tests, if the patient complains of certain symptoms. There are several groups of cancer symptoms: obturation, destruction, compression. Each group has its own characteristics: destruction - destruction of the tumor, obturation - narrowing of the lumen of the organ, compression - pressure on the organ.

Why is it important to confirm / deny cancer symptoms?

There is a chance of a cure for the disease if it is identified as early as possible and treatment is started immediately. A person can immediately be examined and detect cancer when he did not have time to develop it, and the tumor is not of a huge size. This means that the cancer has not had time to affect other organs, it is not large and can be cured. As a rule, doctors prescribe an operation with complete removal of the cancer, this method can cure cancer in the early stages. It is imperative to start treatment if skin melanoma is present; it can be removed quite simply if it has not deepened and pierced the inner layers of the skin. But very often melanoma develops at a rapid pace and penetrates too deeply, so it is impossible to carry out any treatment, only if it has not gone deep. A person has 5 years to undergo treatment if the melanoma is not very advanced.

A psychological factor often works - a person is afraid to see a doctor, he believes that surgery or cancer treatment can provoke complications, and he tries to ignore any symptoms that he notices. Of course, symptoms such as fatigue and diarrhea do not necessarily relate to cancer, but this could be a sign of cancer and should be checked anyway. Also, the girl may think that the standard uterine fibroids and cysts do not indicate the presence of cancer, perhaps this is a common disease that will pass over time. But the more a person ignores the symptoms, the more chances that the disease will deepen and become incurable after a while. Very often, perfectly healthy people find themselves with cancer after being tested, while they did not have any symptoms, and if a person has at least one symptom related to cancer, you need to go to the doctor immediately.

Five common signs of cancer

You need to understand what the nonspecific symptoms of this disease are in. First, a person may suddenly lose weight for no reason, or changes in skin color and acne may occur. Secondly, the presence of any infection is indicated by a high temperature, cancer is no exception. Of course, there are general symptoms that apply to all diseases combined at once, but still remember the main symptoms of cancer in order to see a doctor in time.

Dramatic weight loss - Almost all people who have been diagnosed with cancer have lost most of their weight during their illness. If you lose at least 5-7 kilograms for no apparent reason, you need to check in the hospital for cancer. This may be due to cancer of the gastrointestinal tract.

Fever (high temperature) - a high temperature indicates the presence of cancer, especially if it affects entire organ systems. Basically, fever is associated with the fact that cancer negatively affects the immune system, and the body fights infection and activates its powers, unfortunately, unsuccessfully. But the temperature does not appear at the initial stage of cancer, so if there were no other symptoms before the temperature - perhaps this does not apply to cancer.

Weakness - weakness increases gradually, when the disease penetrates deeply into the body. But fatigue can develop at the very beginning after damage to the body, for example, if there is a hemorrhage in the stomach or large intestine. Due to the loss of blood, severe fatigue and discomfort occurs within the body.

Painful sensations - pain appears in the initial stages of the disease, if there are several tumors in the body. Often, pain speaks of the defeat of the whole system of the body.

Changes in the epidermis - hyperpigmentation occurs, jaundice, erythema, urticaria and so on appear. Tumors may appear on the skin and hair may grow more strongly, indicating the presence of cancer.

Seven Cancer Symptoms That Need Attention

Above, we have listed the main non-specific symptoms, but you need to know the main symptoms, with which you can determine the presence of the disease. Immediately it is worth making a reservation that symptoms are not found in all cases, moreover, they are common for other diseases. But still, you need to immediately contact a therapist and tell about all the symptoms so that he prescribes tests and a complete medical examination of the body.

Violations of the genitourinary system and stool disorders - often there are chronic constipation or diarrhea, the amount of stool and its color may change, which indicates colon cancer. If you feel pain when urinating and you see blood in your urine, you should see your doctor right away. Often there are too frequent urge to urinate for no apparent reason, which indicates problems with the prostate gland.

Ulcers and wounds do not go away for a long time - very often tumors look like an ulcer, and at the same time they bleed a lot. If there is a small sore in the mouth that persists, it is a sign of mouth cancer. It occurs most often in smokers and alcoholics. If there are sores on the vagina or penis, you need to immediately undergo an examination, as this indicates a serious infection of the body.

Strange discharge of pus or blood - if the disease has developed a very long time ago, and you did not notice it, strange bleeding or discharge of pus may begin. For example, if you cough up pus with blood when you cough, it is lung cancer, and if blood is found in the stool, then it is colon cancer. If you have cervical cancer, there is a chance of vaginal bleeding, and if there is blood in your urine it is bladder cancer, your kidneys may be infected too. If blood comes out from the nipple, it indicates breast cancer.

Small lumps anywhere on the body - If a tumor is felt through the skin in the testicles, mammary gland, or other soft tissue, it is a sign of cancer. Moreover, it is impossible to say for sure whether this is an initial form or an advanced one, but if you notice a seal, immediately inform your doctor. It will increase over time.

Difficulty swallowing and problems with the gastrointestinal tract - very often the symptoms indicate cancer of the stomach or intestines, see your doctor immediately.

The appearance of moles or warts - if there were already moles, and they became larger or changed color, you need to see a doctor. It is quite possible this is melanoma, and if examined, it can be cured at the initial stage.

Hoarse voice or violent cough - a persistent cough indicates lung cancer, if the voice is lost - it is thyroid or throat cancer.

Atypical Cancer Symptoms

Far from the most common symptoms of cancer, which also indicate the development of the disease:

The appearance of sores on the tongue and mouth;

Change in the color of warts and moles, change in their size;

Sore throat, violent and painful cough;

Lumps and nipples in the nipples, hard lumps in the testicles, mammary glands and other places;

Painful sensations when urinating;

Strange discharge of pus and blood;

Problems with swallowing and abdominal pain, especially in the elderly;

Severe migraine;

Sudden loss of appetite or weight;

An increase or decrease in temperature for no reason indicates the presence of cancer;

Constant infection for no apparent reason;

Violation of the menstrual cycle;

Tumors that do not respond to treatment

Redness of the lips and skin, yellowness in the eyes and on the skin;

Strange swelling that has never appeared before;

Bad breath.

But keep in mind that these symptoms indicate not only the presence of cancer, but also other diseases. In any case, you need to undergo a comprehensive medical examination and find out what the problem is.

Cancer symptoms of different organs

Stomach cancer

With stomach cancer, it is impossible to say for sure which symptoms predominate most of all, since there are a lot of them. Very often, doctors diagnose chronic gastritis and other non-serious diseases, without doing any serious examinations. Medications are usually prescribed that do not cause even the slightest relief. But professionals can comprehensively analyze all the symptoms and identify the presence of cancer, the main system for detecting cancer was introduced by L.I.Savitsky. He has compiled a list of mild symptoms and common symptoms for other illnesses that can tell if a person has a cancer in their stomach or a symptom not related to the disease.

Only when the cancer has deeply deepened and has passed into the tissues of the body does a person develop strong symptoms: severe pain in the stomach, which are felt even in the back, increased weakness and unwillingness to do anything, a sharp weight loss for a long time. Doctors pay attention to the skin, it becomes very pale, and in some cases it acquires an earthy tint. But at the initial stage, the skin color remains the same.

The main symptoms are: nipple retraction and induration, bloody and incomprehensible nipple discharge. Very often, cancer is accompanied by no pain, but in the presence of mastopathy, the pain appears and intensifies every day.

Skin cancer

There are several forms: infiltrative, nodular and ulcerative. Squamous cell carcinoma develops very quickly, in order to identify it, doctors carry out a painless crossing of all nodules that have a pink or yellow color. The nodes may have translucent pearl-colored edges with the formation of pigmentation. Tumor formation progresses gradually, and very quickly. But there are forms of cancer that develop slowly, they can develop over the years, and a person does not even know about their presence. Further, several nodules bind together and form a dense and painful neoplasm that has a dark color. It is at this stage that people go to the doctor.

Rectal cancer

As in other cases, at the initial stage there are no symptoms of cancer, but the tumor continues to grow and after a while the intestinal lumen closes. Painful sensations appear, since feces cannot pass freely, this provokes the release of blood and pus. Over time, the feces deform and change their color, in medicine it is called a ribbon-like stool. Rectal cancer has been compared to hemorrhoids, but with hemorrhoids, it appears at the end of a bowel movement, not at the beginning. In the future, there are frequent urge to defecate, frequent discharge of bloody-purulent masses, which have a disgusting odor.

Lungs' cancer

It all depends on where the tumor appeared. It can appear in the tissue of the lungs or in the bronchus, if a tumor appears in the bronchus, a person begins to cough daily. The cough is dry and painful, after a while sputum with blood appears. Inflammation of the lungs, such as pneumonia, appears periodically. Because of it, other symptoms appear: chest pain, temperature 40 degrees, pain in the head, weakness and inability to concentrate.
If cancer has formed in the lung tissue, then the disease will go away without any symptoms, which only complicates the situation because the person does not undergo a medical examination. If an X-ray is taken, an initial tumor can be detected.

Uterine cancer

Mostly women complain of strange pains and regular bleeding even after menstruation. But these symptoms only indicate that the tumor is gradually disintegrating and the cancer is already in advanced form. The initial form of uterine cancer does not manifest itself in any way, so women are not examined. Leucorrhoea, an unpleasant watery or mucous discharge that is mixed with blood, also speaks of cancer. Leucorrhoea often has a very unpleasant odor, but not in all cases, sometimes they do not smell. If you have strange discharge, consult a doctor, it is quite possible that the cancer has not yet passed into a deep and advanced stage and there is a chance of a cure.

If you have a family history of cancer or have been diagnosed with a “precancerous condition,” you may be tempted to learn how to identify the early symptoms of cancer. Because the symptoms, severity, and progression of cancer are unique to each person, it is very important to keep track of any changes in your body. If you want, talk to your doctor about a genetic test to determine your risk of developing a certain type of cancer. Being aware of the risks, monitoring for symptoms, and detecting cancer early will increase your chances of survival.

Steps

Part 1

Early symptoms of cancer

Pay attention to changes in the skin. Skin cancer can cause skin discoloration, causing it to darken, yellower, or redder. If your skin discoloration, hair growth, or itchy patches develop on your skin, make an appointment with a physician or dermatologist. If you have moles, make sure they haven't changed in any way. Another symptom of cancer is an unusual lump or lump on the surface of the body.
- Watch for sores that won't heal or white patches in your mouth and tongue.
Watch for changes in stool or urination. Colon cancer may be indicated by constipation that does not go away, diarrhea, or any change in stool size. Symptoms of colon or bladder cancer include:
- Painful sensations when urinating
- Frequent or rare urination
- Signs of blood or other discharge
Determine if you have lost weight. If you have not been on a diet, but have lost weight, then you have an unexplained weight loss. Weight loss of more than 4.5 kg is an early sign of cancer of the pancreas, stomach, esophagus, or lungs.
- You may also experience dysphagia (difficulty swallowing) or indigestion after eating. They can be symptoms of cancer of the esophagus, throat, and stomach.
Beware of the symptoms of common diseases. Some of the early symptoms of cancer may mimic those of the common cold, with some major differences. You may experience coughing, fatigue, fever, or unexplained pain (such as severe headache). But unlike a cold, you won't feel better if you rest, your cough won't go away, and despite the fever, you won't show any signs of infection either.
- Pain can be one of the earliest symptoms of cancer to manifest. Typically, the temperature rises after the cancer has progressed.
Don't diagnose yourself. Do not assume that multiple overlapping symptoms are one hundred percent indicative of cancer. Cancer symptoms can vary widely and may not be specific. This means that many similar symptoms can indicate a number of other conditions of varying severity.
- For example, fatigue can indicate a lot, and cancer is just one of those things. Fatigue can even be a symptom of a completely different disease. This is why a proper medical examination is very important.
Talk with your doctor about diagnosing other types of cancer. Since some cancers do not have a specific recommendation, talk to your doctor about your risk factors. The doctor will then decide if you should be tested. Ask your dentist for advice on oral cancer. Ask your doctor if you should be screened for the following types of cancer:
- Prostate cancer
- Cancer of the body of the uterus
- Thyroid cancer
- Lymphoma
- Testicular cancer

Part 3

Genetic screening

Consult your doctor. Not all people need to undergo a genetic screening to determine risk factors. If you think it would be beneficial for you to learn about the genetic risks of cancer, talk to your doctor and make sure he knows your history (medical history) and your family's history. A doctor (as well as a geneticist) can help determine if there is a risk of developing cancer and if you should get a genetic test.
- Many types of cancer that can be tested with a genetic test are rare, so it is very important to know if you should be tested at all.
Weigh the pros and cons of genetic testing. Since genetic testing can determine the factors for the development of cancer, it can help you decide how often to get physical and screening tests. The results of a genetic test can provide little information, be misinterpreted, and make you feel anxious and anxious. It can also cost you several hundred thousand rubles. Many insurance companies do not cover the cost of the examination, so check with your insurance company for how much you will have to pay. Experts recommend genetic testing if:
- You or your family members are at increased risk of developing certain types of cancer
- The examination can clearly show the presence or absence of genetic changes
- The test results will help you plan your health care
Find out which cancers can be tested with a genetic test. The examination is able to identify the genes that are responsible for more than 50 types of hereditary cancer syndromes. If the test tests positive for the presence of a gene for a particular type of cancer, this does not mean that you will get it. Genes for the following cancer syndromes can be found in the results of genetic testing:
- Hereditary breast cancer and ovarian cancer syndrome
- Li-Fraumeni syndrome
- Lynch syndrome (hereditary colon cancer without polyposis)
- Familial adenomatous polyposis
- Retinoblastoma
- Multiple endocrine neoplasia type I (Vermeer's syndrome) and type II