The modern building of the State Duma of the Russian Federation - architecture and historical facts. The building of the Labor and Defense Council What used to be in the building of the State Duma

The majestic palaces of the Soviet era may disappear from the face of the center of Moscow. On the site of the buildings of the State Duma and the Federation Council, businessman Mikhail Gutseriev decided to build shopping center and a residential building. How many times have these premises with a rich past and a difficult fate changed their inhabitants, but no one has ever thought to send them for demolition. Meanwhile, "Arhnadzor" is sounding the alarm - the buildings are historical.

In 2019, deputies and senators will move to the new parliamentary center in Nizhniy Mnevniki. Development companies Inteko and Mospromstroy, owned by Mikhail Gutseriev, received a tender for its construction.

The construction of the parliamentary center should start next year. In compensation, Gutseriev will receive the buildings of the Duma and the Federation Council. The businessman does not hide his plans for the future of the parliamentary corps. “We are building on our own funds, so it will all be demolished,” Gutseriev said. - On the site of the State Duma there will be a large, modern hotel. Maybe a shopping center. In place of the Federation Council - housing. "

A member of the State Duma Committee on Land Relations and Construction, Vladimir Resin, even before Gutseriev's statement, suggested that the buildings would be demolished: “Who will leave the day before yesterday on such a“ golden ”land? He will build modern buildings. "

Limestone from the Cathedral of Christ the Savior

The Duma is located in two buildings - an old one and a new one, connected by a passage. The old building, located at 1 Okhotny Ryad, was erected in 1932-1935 by the architect Arkady Langman. Initially, the house was built for the Council of Labor and Defense, but then changed several owners. First, the Council of Ministers of the USSR was quartered there, then the State Planning Commission. The decoration used Protopop's limestone, which was mined in the vicinity of Kolomna on the Oka, and the facing slabs were made from slabs of the destroyed Cathedral of Christ the Savior.

In 1967, from the side of Georgievsky Lane, another building was erected from glass and concrete, later transferred to the State Duma. Several years ago, a commission on the issues of urban planning activities in the historical center of Moscow. Most of the meeting participants, including the chairman of the commission, deputy mayor Marat Khusnullin, spoke in favor of assigning the status of an architectural monument to the Duma building.

Even more fascinating is the history of the building of the Federation Council on Bolshaya Dmitrovka, 26. According to numerous rumors, a gypsy curse prevails over it. Previously, a gypsy theater was located on this site, which was evicted for the construction of a building for the USSR State Construction Committee. Indeed, not a single organization lingered at 26 Bolshaya Dmitrovka for long. Gosstroy stayed there from 1983 to 1990. From 1990 to 1991, he was replaced by the apparatus of the Council of Ministers of the USSR. In 1992, the building was handed over to the House of Russian Press, established by a decree of President Boris Yeltsin. The then director of the DRP Grigory Berkhin, mindful of the rumors, brought a priest to consecrate the building. But this did not help either - the gypsy curse turned out to be stronger. In 1994, Yeltsin needed to land the upper house of parliament somewhere, and the choice fell on the DRP building. In this regard, the fate of the new authority immediately aroused understandable concern among many. TASS correspondent Tamara Ivanova then specially called the Romen theater to find out if the rumors about the gypsy curse were true. “Yes, we cursed and continue to curse,” was the answer.

In this regard, there are explanations for the experiments that the executive branch put on the Federation Council. First, governors sat in it, then senators, who, in turn, were either elected in direct elections, or approved at the suggestion of the president. Today they are choosing again. But, be that as it may, it cannot be denied that the Federation Council held out on Dmitrovka much longer than its predecessors. And now the building is destined to be demolished with the subsequent development of the accursed place by elite residents. Probably, these will be the most desperate and risky people.

How much are cultural sites?

How much is the legacy of the Soviet era in dollar terms? Sayan Tsyrenov, director of the capital markets department at Colliers International, estimates the Duma building at $ 300-400 million, and the Federation Council building at $ 200-250 million. Ilya Kuznetsov, partner of the development and planning group of Cushman & Wakefield, believes that Gutseriev's projects can cost about 30 billion rubles.

Perhaps the businessman will eventually have to sell the buildings, as there may be problems with their demolition. “The projects are extremely complex both technically and legally,” says Mikhail Yakubov, head of consulting for development projects at JLL. - This has been shown by the experience of implementation of the Moskva Hotel. You need to understand that all possible structures, including the FSO and the officials themselves, will be involved in the coordination of development projects on the site of the State Duma and the Federation Council, and it will go in all possible directions, including in terms of historical heritage. "

It's hard to disagree with an expert. Konstantin Mikhailov, the coordinator of the Arkhnadzor public association, has already reminded that the Duma building on Okhotny Ryad is an officially protected object cultural heritage, and the Federation Council also lives in a historic mansion. According to Mikhailov, when concluding investment contracts, "the state authorities are simply obliged to comply with the legislation on cultural heritage."

Opinions

Mikhail Poltoranin, former Deputy Prime Minister and First Minister of the Press of the Russian Federation, writer:

- Now is not the time to build houses for parliamentarians, especially since there is no sense from them for the people now. But if they vacate two historic buildings in the center of Moscow, then nothing needs to be demolished, especially for new hotels. The former Gosplan, in which the Duma now resides, would be right to hand over to the control authorities. For example, reviving popular control to combat corruption.

The building of the Federation Council must be returned to the House of Russian Press. It was good idea, and it took place. We gave the former Gosstroy to the editors of socially significant media - there were about 40 of them: "Russian disabled", "Social protection", "Echo of Moscow", a wonderful children's newspaper "Glagol" with the Studio of a young reporter. The most significant journalists, politicians, scientists, artists came here to future journalists every Saturday - from Vlad Listyev and Vasily Selyunin to Mikhail Gorbachev and Grigory Yavlinsky. The guys who received a powerful intellectual and moral impulse have already begun to set the tone in the Russian media today. It is necessary to return the DRP to its former areas. The institutions of democracy, created in the 90s, are now needed by the country like air. Without them, we will continue to skid.

What is the Parliamentary Center in Mnevniki?

The ideas of the move came up with deputies and officials back in 2006. At first, they planned to move the parliament to the Krasnaya Presnya region. Dmitry Medvedev took up this topic again in 2012, while still in the rank of president. He suggested that the government, the Duma and the Federation Council consider moving to the territory of New Moscow. For the cluster of government buildings, the authorities looked after the village of Kommunarka, 5 kilometers from the Moscow Ring Road. But the parliamentarians did not want to become "zamkadysh", as they collectively reported in a letter addressed to the president. There were other options, but in the end Mnevniki won. In September last year, the Moscow City Planning Commission approved a plan to create a parliamentary center. Its area will be 345 thousand square meters. Now on this place there is a concrete plant, and it is illegal. And not only him. On the territory of the entire floodplain there are 36 unauthorized dumps, the clearing of which is also included in the action plan approved by the commission.

Coordinates: 55 ° 45'28 "s. NS. 37 ° 36'57 "in. etc. / 55.75778 ° N NS. 37.61583 ° E etc./ 55.75778; 37.61583(G) (I)

Labor and Defense Council building (State Planning Committee building) - a building in Moscow at Okhotny Ryad Street, building 1. At present, it houses the State Duma of the Russian Federation. Identified object of cultural heritage.

History

In order to clear a place for the building, despite the objections of art critics, the restored Church of Paraskeva Pyatnitsa and the Golitsyn Chambers of the 17th century were demolished, while the nearby Troekurov chambers survived, they are located in the courtyard of the house. The building was built in 1932-1935 according to the project of the architect Arkady Yakovlevich Langman (with the participation of architects S.V.Sergievsky and N.V. Meziere) for the Council of Labor and Defense, which, however, was already abolished in 1937. In this year's guide to Moscow, the building is listed as the House of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR. After the building belonged to the Council of Ministers of the USSR, then to the State Planning Committee of the USSR.

The architecture of the house influenced the creation of a new look for Moscow, the work on which was carried out in accordance with master plan 1935. Such buildings were supposed to form a new road that was supposed to connect Lubyanskaya Square and the Palace of Soviets. Langman's project has long remained the benchmark for government building. The plan of the building is symmetrical, with impressive pylons standing out along the edges. Stylistically, the project combines both elements of constructivism (consistency and constructive identification of facades) and monumentality and representativeness, features inherent in Soviet architecture that was transitioning to classical tendencies. The facade of the building is light gray, facing on three sides is made with natural, the so-called protopop stone. The basement and three entrance arches are made of Labrador and Karelian granite. The stucco coat of arms of the Soviet Union is located under the roof.

From 1994 to the present, the State Duma of the Russian Federation has been working in the building.

Notes (edit)

- Where is he? - said the count, and at the same moment as he said this, he saw from around the corner of the house emerging between two dragoons young man with a long thin neck, with a half-shaved and overgrown head. This young man was dressed in a once dandy, covered with a blue cloth, a shabby fox sheepskin coat and in dirty, bedside prisoners' trousers, tucked into unclean, worn thin boots. Shackles hung heavily on his thin, weak legs, making it difficult for the young man to walk indecisively.
- A! - said Rostopchin, hastily turning his eyes away from the young man in a fox sheepskin coat and pointing to the lower step of the porch. - Put it here! - The young man, gripping with shackles, heavily stepped onto the indicated step, holding the collar of his sheepskin coat with his finger, twisting his long neck twice and, sighing, folded his thin, non-working hands in front of his stomach with a submissive gesture.
For a few seconds, while the young man was settling down on the step, there was silence. Only in the back rows of people squeezing to one place was the groaning, groans, jolts and clatter of rearranged legs heard.
Rostopchin, expecting him to stop at the indicated place, rubbed his face with his hand, frowning.
- Guys! - said Rostopchin in a metallic voice, - this man, Vereshchagin, is the same scoundrel who killed Moscow.
A young man in a fox sheepskin coat stood in a submissive position, hands clasped together in front of his stomach and slightly bent over. Emaciated, with a hopeless expression, disfigured by a shaved head young face it was lowered down. At the first words of the count, he slowly raised his head and looked down at the count, as if wishing to say something to him or at least meet his gaze. But Rostopchin did not look at him. On the young man's long, thin neck, like a rope, it strained and turned blue behind the ear, and suddenly his face turned red.
All eyes were fixed on him. He looked at the crowd, and, as if reassured by the expression that he read on the faces of the people, he smiled sadly and timidly and, again lowering his head, corrected himself with his feet on the step.
“He betrayed his tsar and his fatherland, he passed on to Bonaparte, he was one of all Russians who disgraced the name of the Russian, and Moscow was dying from him,” Rostopchin said in an even, harsh voice; but suddenly he quickly glanced down at Vereshchagin, who continued to stand in the same submissive posture. As if this glance blew him up, he raised his hand and almost shouted, addressing the people: - By your own judgment, deal with him! I give it to you!
The people were silent and only pressed more and more closely against each other. Holding each other, breathing in this infected stuffiness, not having the strength to move and waiting for something unknown, incomprehensible and terrible became unbearable. The people standing in the front rows, seeing and hearing everything that was happening in front of them, all with frightened wide eyes and gaping mouths, straining all their strength, kept the pressure of the rear on their backs.
- Beat him! .. Let the traitor perish and not disgrace the name of the Russian! - shouted Rostopchin. - Cut it! I order! - Hearing not words, but the angry sounds of Rostopchin's voice, the crowd groaned and advanced, but stopped again.
- Count! .. - said Vereshchagin's timid and at the same time theatrical voice in the midst of the momentary silence again. - Count, one god above us ... - said Vereshchagin, raising his head, and again the thick vein on his thin neck was filled with blood, and the paint quickly came out and fled from his face. He did not finish what he wanted to say.
- Cut it! I order! .. - Rostopchin shouted, suddenly turning as pale as Vereshchagin.
- Sabers out! The officer shouted to the dragoons, taking out his saber himself.
Another still strongest wave soared through the people, and, having reached the front rows, this wave moved the front ones, staggering, brought them to the very steps of the porch. A tall fellow, with a petrified expression on his face and with a stopped raised hand, stood next to Vereshchagin.
- Cut it! The officer almost whispered to the dragoons, and one of the soldiers suddenly, with a distorted malice face, hit Vereshchagin on the head with a blunt sword.
"A!" - Vereshchagin cried out shortly and in surprise, looking around in fright and as if not understanding why this was done to him. The same groan of surprise and horror ran through the crowd.

Timed to coincide with the Day of Historical and Cultural Heritage. During the day, a series of free guided tours took place along the lane. For those who did not have time to sign up or join additional excursion groups, there were caretakers near each significant building in the lane. The task of the caretakers was: to answer questions, to tell those wishing to information about the entrusted house and to provide passers-by with a leaflet with the route and brief information.

Leaflets came to an end with lightning speed. As a result, I had to give my loose-leaf printouts and even almost witness a fight for information :)

I was on duty near the house number 9. It is interesting that people asked completely different questions: from the expected "tell us about this house" to "why exactly here and today?", Started arguments and even shared information. The action went very positively, it was a real exchange. Of course, they asked tricky questions. Surprisingly, the question that I asked myself after reading the materials sent by the organizers, nobody asked me. And my question was about the biography and work of the architect who designed the house. After all, I met his surname somewhere, but I realized that I knew absolutely nothing about him. And I doubt that the majority knows :) But with disbelief they asked a question about the authors of some quotes that I gave in my mini-lecture.

In general, for those who could not take part in this wonderful action, as well as for those who took part, but asked other questions, I decided to prepare this post. All sources will be indicated here, new information received from passers-by will be added here, work on errors will be carried out here in the event that someone has lied to something, here I will try to resolve the dispute that has arisen.

Small land plot House No. 9, on which now stands, was formerly owned by the French government. It was planned to build a 7-storey building with a semi-basement and attics on it - "House of the French Nation". The project was ready, and all buildings on the site were demolished. Multi-storey building would include: a consulate, a military attaché's residence, a French theater, an exhibition hall, apartments for consular secretaries, a residence for eminent guests, shops, a bar, a cinema and a concert hall, a French pharmacy and a clinic, profitable apartments, a hostel for French citizens temporarily living in Moscow ... But the events of 1914 prevented the implementation of these plans.

And in 1923, an experimental three-story residential building with several apartments was built on the site, designed by A. Ya. Langman.
The building is quite unusual: the constructivist laconicism of the volume is combined with details, in the drawing of which echoes of modern architecture are guessed. On the main façade, there are two round bay window, on the side facade - a round window - a motif often found in the works of Langman. Unfortunately, it is difficult to look at the side facades now. It is impossible to see the rear facade, which is almost a copy of the main one - the building is mirrored.

According to the memoirs of M.P. Schrader, the top of the GPU (State Political Administration under the NKVD of the RSFSR) lived, only a few had access to it, and life in it was shrouded in mystery. However, it is known that in addition to Yagoda, "in the late twenties, the families of the then head of the counterintelligence department of the OGPU Artuzov, the head of the secret department of the OGPU Deribas, and the head of the foreign department of Trilisser lived in this house." Schrader recalls: “most of the operational workers of the OGPU in the late 1920s somehow became aware of the luxurious lunches and dinners arranged at Yagoda's apartment, where he, surrounded by his favorites, reveled in his ever-increasing fame. I have never been to Yagoda's mansion, but still in the mid-twenties I heard from the head of the OGPU Ostrovsky's administrative-organizational department that the head of the construction department of the OGPU Lurie, Yagoda's former neighbor, rebuilt the dwelling of the future NKVD chief several times. " An old-timer on the site oldmos.ru comments: "On the other side of Militinsky Lane, right opposite this house, there was a garage for a car on duty. I know for certain that GG Yagoda lived in this house, and later VG Dekanozov, who was shot in the Beria ".

They say that somewhere from the mid-50s, the house was occupied by Polish foreign trade organizations, and before that - for several years the Polish embassy was located there (before moving to a new building). Now there are offices in the building. Many of them are owned by Polish firms. Rumor has it that the house is allegedly on the balance sheet of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. My partner managed to go inside with a man who works there, for which many thanks to him! It was no longer possible to deceive me - the guard was nervous. The house has high ceilings, 4.5 meters each, a main staircase, an elevator. Each apartment has an exit to the back door.

Judging by the descriptions, the apartments built by Langman for the Chekists were good, comfortable and spacious, and for Moscow at that time they were a luxury. In the "Architects of Moscow" in the chapter about A. Ya. Langman it is written: "The houses designed by Langman were generally distinguished by their comfort ... His houses are remarkable for the respect for human psychology and anthropometry, which is probably inherent only in experienced architects and thoughtful doctors. Langman designed, as usual, by substitution, reincarnation for the customer, as for himself. He had a reputation for being a neat and attentive professional. " This refers to the collective two-volume "Architects of Moscow. XX century", published in 1988 by the publishing house "Moscow Worker". Compiled by: Astafieva-Dlugach M.I., Volchok Yu.P., Zhuravlev A.M.

The phrase "His houses are remarkable for their respect for human psychology and anthropometry" for some reason caused a lot of questions and discussions. And I cited a quote from the book of the famous Moscow local historian VB Muravyov "The Holy Road" (with a source of lies) that the architect skillfully applied his knowledge of psychology and anthropometry not only for the benefit of man: the basements of the “house of the People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs” were also built taking into account “human psychology and anthropometry.” They are deaf stone bags - “boxes” - with a stone bed against the wall, but so long that it is impossible to stretch their legs, so a person could not sleep normally and, having washed night, by the morning he was broken. He could not even determine the time of day. Through the cell there was a pipe of steam heating, including which the jailer could turn the cell into a disinfection roast, and turning it off - into a refrigerator. Langman was indeed both a "psychologist" and "attentive to the wishes of the customer by a professional "- his" boxing "effectively had a depressing effect on both the physical condition and the psyche of the arrested person." And ... stumbled upon mistrust. Indeed, many people know the building of the People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs as the building of the Society "Russia", built in 1897-1900. designed by architects N.M. Proskurnin and A.V. Ivanov. But in September 1919, part of the house was occupied by representatives of the Soviet special services, represented by the Special Department of the Moscow Cheka, and then the Central Office of the Cheka. And at the end of the 20s, the building of the apartment building was heavily reconstructed. And in 1932-1933. behind it, a new building is being built according to the design of Langman and Bezrukov (it faces Furkasovsky lane), at the same time the Inner Prison, located in the courtyard of House 2 since 1920, is being reconstructed. "Four more floors were added to it according to the new project. the architect Langman set up six high-walled walking yards right on the roof of the building. flights of stairs". (based on the materials of the magazine" Profile "dated January 22, 2001, the official website of the Baltic Center for the Study of Russia Russia Monitor and several other sources)

In general, the personality of the architect Langman is very interesting. It is a pity that there is too little information about him. We managed to find out that the architect came to Moscow from Kharkov in 1922. I quickly got my bearings in the situation and chose a reliable patron in the person of the top of the GPU. Largely due to this, his name can hardly be found among the names of participants in all-Union competitions - he was busy with real construction. As a result, he took part in the design of about 50 buildings, of which 21 are in Moscow. Among them: the building of the Council of Labor and Defense (now the State Duma) in Okhotny Ryad, the Public Corps of the Bolshevsk Labor Commune of the OGPU (together with Cherikover L.Z., now a shopping center), the Building of the People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs in Furkasov Lane (together with Bezrukov, now the building complex of buildings of the FSB of the Russian Federation), the building of the sports society "Dynamo" (together with Fomin, now an administrative building), the Gostorg Building - "the first Soviet skyscraper" (as part of a group of architects, now an administrative building) and the Dynamo Stadium (together with Cherikover L.Z.). It is noteworthy that Langman became the "departmental architect of the organs" just after the construction of house No. 9 in Milyutinsky Lane. He is even called "the founder of the KGB style."

And this style turned out to be so strong and bright, energetic, influencing that the honored architect of Russia Zoya Kharitonova (who, by the way, is also actively fighting to preserve the image of Moscow) believes that if we want a democratic society, opportunities for discussion, then the State Duma must be urgently resettled : "This building was built by the architect Langman in the 30s specially for the State Planning Committee. In the Stalinist style. It has the power that foreshadowed the beginning of the war. Expressive building, very solid, but at the same time completely closed, undemocratic, and the deputies even more sealed it - already a whole block is subordinated to their power. It is wrong that in the old administrative buildings of the Soviet period, the institutions of a democratic state are located. Freedom of discussion, freedom of speech, freedom of decision-making are impossible there. "

Langman himself lived in a cooperative house of architects and builders in Maly Levshinsky Lane, built in the 30-40s. according to his project with Schneider.

And this is how our information stand looked like:

Finally, a few words about the action itself. Organizers of the action:
social movement ArchNadzor- a voluntary non-profit association of citizens wishing to contribute to the preservation of historical monuments, landscapes and views of the city of Moscow. More details about the goals and main directions of movement can be found in the manifesto a.

Moscow, which does not exist- a historical and cultural project about old Moscow. About goals -.

Support the action the magazine about leisure in Moscow - Time out.

There is no particular reason for choosing Milyutinsky Pereulok as a route. In addition, perhaps, it was in this alley, in house No. 19 that the public movement ArchNadzor was founded several years ago.

Building of the Council of Labor and Defense(later the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR, the Council of Ministers of the USSR, the State Planning Committee of the USSR, now the State Duma Russian Federation) (street Okhotny Ryad, 6). Erected in 1932-35 according to the project of the architect A.Ya. Langman, who won a closed competition in 1933. The powerful volume of the building, located at the corner of Okhotny Ryad and Tverskaya Street, led to a change in the scale of the surrounding buildings. According to the reconstruction plan, he opened the Ilyich Alley leading to the projected Palace of the Soviets. The main 10-12-storey building, which stretches for 160 m, is decorated along the facade with relief pilasters at the full height of the building, a three-storey portal and an attic with the Coat of arms of the USSR. The building has a rational and simple plan - a central corridor with work rooms on the sides and three staircase halls. In a separate volume adjacent to the courtyard facade, behind the main staircase, one above the other there are three meeting rooms. For exterior cladding the building used limestone taken from the debris of the blown up Cathedral of Christ the Savior. The new building, from the side of Georgievsky Lane, was built in 1967 according to the project of the architect L.N. Pavlova. In 1994-95, the building's interiors were reconstructed.

- - one of the most monumental Moscow buildings in the Empire style ...
Moscow (encyclopedia)
- , architectural monument...
Saint Petersburg (encyclopedia)
- a body for the management of economic construction and defense, formed in 1920 as a result of the reorganization of the Council of Workers 'and Peasants' Defense, acted as a commission of the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR ...
Russian encyclopedia
- implemented in the form of state labor and employment legislation ...
Terminological dictionary of a librarian on socio-economic topics
- an organ of the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR ...
Soviet Historical Encyclopedia
- English: Safety working conditions The state of working conditions under which the impact on the worker of hazardous and harmful production factors is excluded or the impact of harmful production factors does not exceed the maximum ...
Construction vocabulary
Big Dictionary of Economics
- the part of the total deviation of direct labor costs, calculated by multiplying the difference between the hours actually spent working hours and standard hours by the standard rate of accrued wages ...
Big accounting dictionary
- a body for the management of economic construction and defense, formed in 1920 as a commission of the Council of People's Commissars. in 1923-1937 one hundred USSR acted ...
Big law dictionary
- a body for the management of economic construction and defense, formed in 1920 as a commission of the Council of People's Commissars. In 1923-1937. the service station of the USSR was in operation ...
Big Law Dictionary
- the body of the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR, which directed the activities of economic commissariats and the activities of all departments in the field of defense of the country. Created in April 1920 on the basis of the Council of Workers 'and Peasants' Defense ...
Great Soviet Encyclopedia
- a body for the management of economic construction and defense, formed in 1920 as a commission of the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR. In 1923-37 the STO of the USSR operated ...
Big encyclopedic dictionary
- consent not to give, disagree Cf. "I do not advise you" to do so, because I "do not agree" with your arguments. See advice ...
- Wed Great mind! ! A.S. Pushkin. Boris Godunov...
Explanatory phraseological dictionary of Michelson
- The husband of the battle and the council. Wed Great mind! the husband of the battle and the owl! A.S. Pushkin. Boris Godunov ...
Michelson's Explanatory Phraseological Dictionary (original orph.)
- Outdated. A person distinguished by wisdom, prudence. As for the fellow landowners, among them Metelnikov was known as the husband of the council. Boyar Prince Mstislavsky! I am the husband of the council, you are the husband of war! ...
Phraseological dictionary of the Russian literary language

From the book Stalin and the Tukhachevsky conspiracy the author Leskov Valentin Alexandrovich

CHAPTER 17. THE AWESOME MEETING OF THE MILITARY COUNCIL UNDER THE NARCOM OF DEFENSE (1-4 JUNE 1937) I replied that WE HAVE NO COUNTER. Edward Gerek The extraordinary events associated with a dangerous conspiracy uncovered by the NKVD destroyed the entire People's Commissariat of Defense like an anthill. To the opening

ORGANIZATION OF THE RADAR RADAR COUNCIL AT THE STATE DEFENSE COMMITTEE

From the book by Axel Berg the author Erofeev Yuri Nikolaevich

ORGANIZATION OF THE COUNCIL ON RADAR LOCATION UNDER THE STATE DEFENSE COMMITTEE Chronologically, the period described in this section is not long: from 1943 to 1947, this is about twenty of Axel Ivanovich's long life. But what a period it was! Reflections: will they accept him as their own in

No. 133 TO MARSHAL JV STALIN, CHAIRMAN OF THE COUNCIL OF PEOPLE'S COMMISSARS AND PEOPLE'S DEFENSE COMMISSIONER

the author Stalin Joseph Vissarionovich

No. 133 TO MARSHAL JV STALIN, CHAIRMAN OF THE COUNCIL OF PEOPLE'S COMMISSARS AND PEOPLE'S DEFENSE COMMISSIONER Dear Marshal Stalin, I have appointed Lieutenant General G. le C. Martel, Commander of the Order of the Bath, 3rd Class, Order of Military Merit, Cross of Military Merit , Head

No. 161 TO MARSHAL JV STALIN, CHAIRMAN OF THE COUNCIL OF PEOPLE'S COMMISSARS AND PEOPLE'S DEFENSE COMMISSIONER

From the book Correspondence of the Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR with the Presidents of the United States and Prime Ministers of Great Britain during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. the author Stalin Joseph Vissarionovich

No. 161 TO MARSHAL JV STALIN, CHAIRMAN OF THE COUNCIL OF PEOPLE'S COMMISSORS AND PEOPLE'S COMMISSIONER OF DEFENSE Dear Marshal Stalin, I am writing this letter to introduce you to Air Marshal Sir John Babington, who now assumes the post of Section Head

From the book of 100 great sights of Moscow the author Myasnikov senior Alexander Leonidovich

The building of the Board of Trustees on Solyanka This building in the Empire style since the end of construction was called the decoration of Solyanka Street, and then of this entire historical district of the city. Solyanka Street is located on the site of the ancient road from the Kremlin to Vladimir, Suzdal,

the author History Author unknown -

No. 3 DECISION OF THE PRESIDIUM OF THE CPSU Central Committee "ON ESTABLISHING THE COUNCIL OF DEFENSE OF THE UNION OF THE SSR"

№ 4 DECISION OF THE PRESIDIUM OF THE CPSU Central Committee "ON THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE MILITARY COUNCIL AT THE COUNCIL OF DEFENSE OF THE UNION OF SSR"

From the book Georgy Zhukov. Transcript of the October (1957) plenum of the Central Committee of the CPSU and other documents the author History Author unknown -

№ 4 DECISION OF THE PRESIDIUM OF THE CPSU Central Committee "ON THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A MILITARY COUNCIL UNDER THE COUNCIL OF DEFENSE OF THE UNION OF THE SSR"

No. 30 NOTE G.K. Zhukov in the Central Committee of the CPSU on the abolition of the military council under the council of defense of the USSR

From the book Georgy Zhukov. Transcript of the October (1957) plenum of the Central Committee of the CPSU and other documents the author History Author unknown -

No. 30 NOTE G.K. ZHUKOV TO THE CPSU Central Committee ON THE DESTROY OF THE MILITARY COUNCIL UNDER THE COUNCIL OF DEFENSE OF THE USSR May 15, 1956 Top secret By Decree of the Central Committee of the CPSU and the Council of Ministers of the USSR dated February 9, 1955 No.

Appendix No. 2 Resolution of the assignment meeting of the Labor and Defense Council

From the book Mobilization preparation of the national economy of the USSR the author Melia Alexey Alexandrovich

Appendix No. 2 Resolution of the assignment meeting of the Labor and Defense Council "On the export of valuable property, institutions, enterprises and human contingents from areas threatened by the enemy" The Labor and Defense Council decides: To approve the following Regulation on

From the book Gustav Mannerheim in 90 minutes author Medvedko Yuri

Chairman of the Defense Council In 1931, Senator Svinhufvud was elected to the post of President of Finland. Having taken office on March 1, the new president the very next day invited the general to his place and complained that he could rule the state, but he couldn’t take military action.

From the book Lisbon. Guide author Bergmann Jurgen

The Lisbon Municipal Council Building (C? Mara Municipal) (24), also called the Council House (Pa? Os do Conselho), hides richly decorated halls behind its austere neoclassical façade. The marble front staircase is festively lit by several chandeliers,

From the book Great Soviet Encyclopedia (SO) of the author TSB

14. DECISION OF THE PRESIDIUM OF THE SUPREME COUNCIL OF THE USSR, THE COUNCIL OF PEOPLE'S COMMISSARS OF THE USSR AND THE CC VKP (B) ON THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE STATE DEFENSE COMMITTEE

From the book of the Great Patriotic War Soviet people (in the context of World War II) the author Krasnova Marina Alekseevna

14. DECISION OF THE PRESIDIUM OF THE SUPREME COUNCIL OF THE USSR, THE COUNCIL OF PEOPLE'S COMMISSARS OF THE USSR AND THE CC VKP (B) ON THE FORMATION OF THE STATE DEFENSE COMMITTEE June 30, 1941 In view of the state of emergency and in order to quickly mobilize all the forces of the peoples of the USSR to conduct

A summary of the replies to General de Gaulle by Council members on the question of attitudes towards Vichy, compiled by the Secretary of the Defense Council of the Empire René Cassin London, February 1941

From the book Military memoirs. Call, 1940-1942 author Gaulle Charles de

A summary of responses on the question of attitudes towards Vichy sent to General de Gaulle by members of the council, compiled by the Secretary of the Defense Council of the Empire Rene Cassin London, February 1941 I. Summary of answers to the first question: current attitude towards the Vichy government. 1) General

From the book Military memoirs. Call, 1940-1942 author Gaulle Charles de

Decree on the composition of the Defense Council of the French Empire General de Gaulle, Head of the Free French, Chairman of the National Committee, Based on Decree No. 1 of October 27, 1940 on the organization of state power during the period of war; Based on Decree No. 16 of