Francis Pope - who is he? Pope: List of Church Leaders, Names and Dates Today's Pope

Pope Francis (Francesco), in the world called Jorge Mario Bergoglio, was born on December 17, 1936 in Buenos Aires. Comes from a family of Italian immigrants, his father worked on the railway. The first head of the Catholic world from the New World, as well as the first Jesuit pope.

Ordination and teaching

Bergoglio entered the Villa Devoto seminary in Buenos Aires at the age of 22. In 1958 he joined the ranks of the Jesuit Order. A novice with the study of the humanities took place in Chile. Then, returning to Argentina, he entered the College of Saint Joseph. After graduation with honors, he taught liberal arts at colleges in Buenos Aires.

In addition to his native Spanish, he is fluent in Italian and German. The new pope also has a secular education as a chemical technologist.

The ordination took place on December 13, 1969. As befits a true priest, Bergoglio was unpretentious and stubborn, moreover, he had good knowledge, which he continuously improved. Thanks to these qualities, soon took the post of rector of the once brilliantly graduated from St. Joseph's College... Then, having received his doctorate in Germany, he became director of the Archdiocese of Cordoba.

Higher positions in the church hierarchy

Bergoglio became Primate of Argentina at the age of 61. In fact, he performed these duties for several years before taking office, as an assistant to Cardinal Antonio Quarracino. Here his talent as a leader and the qualities inherent in the true father of the Church were fully revealed and appreciated.

In 2001, Pope John Paul II (Giovanni Paulo II) elevated Archbishop Bergoglio to the rank of cardinals. In this rank, he held various posts in the Roman Curia.

The biography of the most modest of the priests was not cloudless. In 2005, a scandal erupted. A criminal case was opened against Cardinal Bergoglio. Human rights activist Myriam Bregman accused him of allegedly surrendering two Jesuit priests to the junta in 1976. The version about the connection of the priest with the junta was not confirmed Judge Herman Castelli called the indictment a "complete lie."

In April 2005, after the death of John Paul II, the cardinal took part in the Conclave as an elector pope. But in the second round, the majority of the votes went to Joseph Ratzinger, who took the name of Benedict XVI (Benedetto XVI).

After abdication of Benedict from the papacy on February 28, 2013 The Argentine once again participated in the Conclave, this time successfully. Catholics all over the world enthusiastically accepted the news that henceforth a humble cardinal from Latin America became their shepherd.

Speeches

The new Pope is known not only as a talented leader, but also as a brilliant orator. The speeches of Francis I testify to a versatile mind and deep education. The spectrum of problems that worries dad is wide and varied: a possible third world war, restless Ukraine, interethnic relations, problems of sex minorities and children born out of wedlock.

In a speech dedicated to the centenary of the outbreak of the First World War, Francis I, calling on the flock to peace and unity, said that the third world war, whether we like it or not, has already begun.
Evidence of this is the ongoing armed conflicts that are shaking the world, the most striking examples of which are Syria and Ukraine. He told that his grandfather was a participant in the First World War, after which he emigrated to Argentina.
One of the most heartfelt speeches of the pontiff - speech delivered to the European Parliament... Raising a voice on behalf of the Church, the Pope spoke about the inadmissibility of arms trafficking and human trafficking, emphasizing that democracy without striving for truth slides into the swamp of universal egoism.
Francis compared Europe to a poplar, which withers away without roots. "Where is your strength, Europe?" - asked the head of the Catholic world. The strength, according to the pope, lies in the intelligent and respectful attitude towards the historical heritage.
Speech on the Armenian Genocide on April 12, 2015 caused the outrage of the President of the Republic of Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdoğan by the mere use of the word "genocide".
The ambassador was summoned to the Turkish Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Ankara to give explanations, while the pontiff insisted that the events of 1915 marked the beginning of the ethnic massacres that darkened the 20th century. According to the pope, the hidden evil can be likened to "a bleeding wound that has not been bandaged."

Liturgies

The Roman Mass is an important part of the life of any person professing Catholicism, and for everyone else it can be an interesting sight. The official website of the Vatican provides a schedule of liturgies held in. Dad himself holds Mass only on holidays, there are many visitors, it is recommended to come two hours before the start.

On Sunday morning (at 11 o'clock), Pope Francis reads the sermon Angelus from the window of his chambers to those gathered in St. Peter's Square. There is a special grace for Christians on Sunday, everyone can see their pastor and plunge into the atmosphere of unity with fellow believers.

Irish prophecy

The prophecy of the holy Archbishop Malachi of Ireland says that the last Pope of Rome, called Peter the Roman (Petrus Romanus), will rule "amid many torments", after which the Eternal City will be completely destroyed.

It would seem that all of the above has nothing to do with the current pontiff. But the interpreters of the sacred texts drew an analogy, decomposing the pope's surname into two words - Berg and Oglio. Petrus (lat.) And Berg (German) translate as "stone", Oglio (Ollia) - a river in Italy, one of the tributaries of the Po. And dad himself is an ethnic Italian! His worldly surname can be interpreted as "stronghold in the stream"... Such reasoning looks (and is in fact) controversial, but due to the many coincidences of the mottos of Malachi with the facts about previous popes, those who wish find reason to argue that the ancient prophecy about Peter the Roman is fulfilled by the Argentine cardinal.

Known for personal humility... Refused luxury apartments, "papamobile" and personal chef. Like his namesake Francis of Assisi, he is devoted to the ideals of evangelical poverty.
In young age moonlighting as a bouncer in the night club.
Is a football fan, a fan of the San Lorenzo club from Buenos Aires.
On the first Maundy Thursday after enthronement washed the feet of 12 juvenile prisoners, among whom were two girls (Catholic and Muslim). With his gesture, the new pope set an example of mercy for adolescents who are at the very bottom of life.
The English magazine "Time" recognized him as "".
Dad Email addressed to Gustavo Vera, chairman of the Latin American Society for the Fight Against Drug Addiction, caused a diplomatic scandal. The reason for this was the desire expressed by the pontiff to prevent the "Mexicanization" of Argentina. The topic of such an unsuccessful e-mail was the rampant drug mafia in Latin America. There was no limit to the indignation of the Mexican side, but the Vatican's press service stated that a personal letter should not become a reason for such a quarrel and His Holiness did not want to offend anyone, only emphasized the danger of an increase in drug trafficking.

Feedback - how to contact Pope Francis?

The pontiff does not have a public e-mail, all letters to the Holy Father are sent to the following address: His Holiness Francesco, Courtyard of Santa Marta, 00120 Vatican (Sua Santità Francesco, Casa Santa Marta, 00120 Città del Vaticano).

The letter form is free, it is allowed to write in your native language, referring to the Pope "Your Holiness" or "Holy Father". At the Papal Court, there is a Correspondence Directorate of four, headed by Monsignor Giuliano Gallorini. This small unit sorts and reads the multitude of letters addressed to Pope Francis. Most often, they also write the answers, strictly observing the papal style.

Only in the most difficult cases, when the letter contains complaints of great injustice and oppression, the Pope himself answers.

To receive a special blessing from the Holy Father, you need to fill out a special form, the form of which is provided by the website of the Papal Court. There are three ways to transfer the completed form to the destination:

by handing it in person or through a courier by going to the St. Anne's Gate (l'Ingresso Sant'Anna) on the right side of the Colonnade of St. Peter (open Monday to Saturday from 9.00 to 12.00);
by fax +39 32 06698831;
by regular mail by sending to: Apostolic Charitable Institution, Office of the Scrolls - 00120 Vatican (Elemosineria Apostolica, Ufficio pergamene - 00120 Città del Vaticano).

Papal audience dates and application forms are available at. The form with data is sent to the address of the Vatican Prefecture or by fax to +39 63 06698858. The type of audience and the number of participants must be specified. Tickets are issued at the office behind the Bronze Door, located to the right of St. Peter's Basilica (Basilica di San Pietro).

You can clarify the details of the procedures of interest in the Vatican Prefecture by calling: +39 76 06698848, +39 14 06698831, +39 73 06698832, from 9.00 to 13.00.

Papal audiences and blessings are free.

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In Buenos Aires (Argentina) in a family of Italian immigrants.

On December 13, 1969, Bergoglio was ordained a priest, and later was appointed professor of theological faculty at the College of San Miguel in Buenos Aires.

In the 1970s, he held various positions in the Jesuit Order of Argentina.

From 1973 to 1979 he was the Provincial Superior of the Jesuits of Argentina.

From 1980-1986 he was rector of Saint Joseph's College and was the parish priest in San Miguel.

In March 1986 he went to Germany to complete his doctoral dissertation. Upon his return to Argentina, he was confessor and spiritual director of the Archdiocese of Cordoba.

On May 20, 1992, by the decision of Pope John Paul II, he was appointed Auxiliary Bishop of Buenos Aires with the title of titular Bishop Auca, on June 27 of the same year he was ordained bishop in the Cathedral of Buenos Aires.

On June 3, 1997, he was appointed coadjutor (bishop with the right to inherit the diocese) of the Archbishop of Buenos Aires.

On February 28, 1998, after the death of the Archbishop of Buenos Aires, Cardinal Antonio Quarracino, became his successor. At the same time he was appointed ordinary of Eastern Rite Catholics in Argentina, who did not have their own prelate.

On February 21, 2001, Pope John Paul II elevated Bergoglio to the rank of cardinals. He received the title of Church of St. Robert Bellarmine.

As Cardinal Bergoglio was a member of the Congregation for the Clergy, the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments, the Congregation for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies for the Apostolic Life.

In 2005-2011 he headed the Conference of Catholic Bishops of Argentina.

Archbishop Jorge Mario Bergoglio of Buenos Aires was elected Pope under the name Francis.

He adopted the papal name Francis - like, because Saint Francis of Assisi was known for his concern for the poor.

Pope Francis was enthroned in the Vatican.

Pope Francis is fluent in Italian and German.

The head of the Roman Catholic Church is distinguished by modesty and immutability in his own principles. He is a fan of Argentine writers Jorge Luis Borges and Leopoldo Marechal, as well as the Russian writer Fyodor Dostoevsky. Loves opera, football, is one of the fans of the club San Lawrence, playing in the top division of the Argentine championship.

Pope Francis was named "Person of the Year" by the American Time magazine.

Pope Francis became the first religious leader to have the 2013 China Influencers Ranking.

The material was prepared on the basis of information from RIA Novosti and open sources

List of popes buried in St. Peter's Basilica. Marble slab at the entrance to the sacristy in St. Peter's Basilica in the Vatican. List of Popes, broken down by period, with annotations and periods of reign. Note: Only in 384 ... ... Wikipedia

- ... Wikipedia

- (lat. union) the confluence of the Orthodox and Catholic confessions, and, on the one hand, the primacy of the pope, purgatory, the finding of the Holy Spirit and from the Son is recognized, on the other hand, the marriage of the white clergy and worship in their native language is allowed, with ... ... Encyclopedic Dictionary of F.A. Brockhaus and I.A. Efron

BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THEOLOGICAL LITERATURE- BIBLIOGRAPHY [from the Greek. βιβλίον book and γράφω I write] THEOLOGICAL LITERATURE, information on publications related to the complex of scientific theological disciplines. The term "bibliography" appeared in dr. Greece and originally meant "rewriting books." ... ... Orthodox encyclopedia

- (Belarusian. Belarusian nicknames) were formed in the context of the European process. The oldest of them date back to the end of the XIV beginning of the XV century, when the territory of Belarus was part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, a multi-ethnic and ... ... Wikipedia

- (Latin Patrology) Collected works of Latin-speaking Christian authors, including 217 huge volumes, the first part of the "Complete course of patrology" (Patrologiae Cursus Completus), the second part of Patrologia Graeca. Published by Abbot Mine ... ... Wikipedia

- (from λιτός common and εργον deed) the name of the most important of the Christian divine services, which exists, although not in the same form and meaning, for all Christian denominations and expresses the main ideas of the Christian world outlook and main goals ... ... Encyclopedic Dictionary of F.A. Brockhaus and I.A. Efron

In the Middle Ages, there was a struggle for primacy between spiritual and secular power. The emperors actively participated in the selection. The Hundred Years War in France and Church schism weakened the influence of the Pope. Only in 1929 the Pope was given back the opportunity to rule the Vatican city-state.

In modern times, the choice of the pope takes place at a meeting of cardinals. Camerlengo, interim head of the College of Cardinals, announces the death of his predecessor. A conclave is convened and a new pope is elected. Until the pontiff is announced, the Collegium manages the affairs. The chosen dad changes his name and picks up a number. For example, Julius I.

List of recent popes, years of reign (beginning)

Julius II - 1503 The first Pope to be embalmed.
Leo X - 1513 At the time of his election, he was not ordained. He died at the age of 45.
Adrian VI - 1522 Fought against the Reformation.
Clement VII - 1523 The pontificate had many mistakes and failures.
Paul III - 1534 Supported and developed science. I trusted astrologers and consulted with them every time I made an important decision.
Julius III - 1550 Resumed celebrations and carnivals in Rome.
Marcellus II - 1555 Fluent in Latin, Greek and Italian. He was very erudite. He knew mathematics, architecture, astronomy and much more.
Paul IV - 1555 Oldest Pope at the time of his election.
Pius IV - 1559 Benevolent and sincere. He founded the first theological seminaries.
Pius V - 1566. A severe personality, leading an ascetic lifestyle. Allowed torture and punishment.
Gregory XIII - 1572 The last pope with illegitimate children. Introduced the Gregorian calendar.
Sixtus V - 1585 He fought banditry, drained swamps, put streets and squares in order, built fountains.
Urban VII - 1590 Fought smoking, died of malaria. The shortest period (13 days).
Gregory XIV - 1590 Was quiet and sickly.
Innocent IX - 1591 Supported the policy of the Spanish king Philip II.
Clement VIII - 1592 Wise statesman. He blessed coffee and promoted the distribution of the drink in Europe.
Leo XI - 1605 Nicknamed "Pope Lightning". He stayed at the head of the church for 28 days.
Paul V - 1605 Started his career as a lawyer. Strict and determined, he defended the privileges of the church, sought to preserve the unity of the structure.
Gregory XV - 1621 Issued a bull against magicians and witches. Papal elections were held by secret ballot.
Urban VIII - 1623 Elegant and reasonable, had a refined taste. Patronized poets, financed the work of sculptors and artists.
Innocent X - 1644 Condemned Jansenism.
Alexander VII - 1655 He showed interest in architectural projects that later became masterpieces of the Baroque era.
Clement IX - 1667 He was friendly to people and gave alms to the poor. Assisted in the construction of a musical theater.
Clement X - 1670 called to love each other, daily proving loyalty to the Almighty through trust, generosity and prudence.
Innocent XI - 1676 He was engaged in charitable activities, helping the population during floods and plague. Banned gambling. He lived modestly.
Alexander VIII - 1689 Returned Avignon.
Innocent XII - 1691 The last pope to wear a beard. Destroyed the practice of nepotism.
Clement XI - 1700 Received a doctorate in law (canonical and civil). A subtle diplomat and peacemaker. During the reign, the Academy of Painting and Sculpture appeared.
Innocent XIII - 1721 The reign is calm and prosperous.
Benedict XIII - 1724 Ascetic in life, he did not know how to manage. He opened the Spanish Steps, was the founder of the University of Camerino.
Clement XII - 1730 The 78-year-old pope, blind and sick, undertook reconstruction programs, built a port and advocated for the reunification of the Roman and Orthodox churches.
Benedict XIV - 1740 Patronized scientists and artists.
Clement XIII - 1758 Opponent of the Age of Enlightenment. Indecisive and insecure.
Clement XIV - 1769. Adopted a position of reconciliation between secular and ecclesiastical authorities. Eliminated the Jesuit Order.
Pius VI - 1775 Opposition to the French Revolution contributed to the loss of Avignon and the County of Venesse.
Pius VII - 1800 The treaty signed with Napoleon assumed the possibility of the state interfering in the activities of the church (finance, land).
Leo XII - 1823 Noble and modest. I could not assess the events of my time.
Pius VIII - 1829 Recognized mixed marriages (Catholics and Protestants). Was poisoned.
Gregory XVI - 1831 He was the last non-bishop to be elected Pope.
Pius IX - 1846 Proclaimed the dogma of the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary.
Leo XIII - 1878 Doctor of Theology, who published 88 encyclicals.
Pius X - 1903 Issued a decree stating that children are allowed to take communion at the age of 7 (instead of 14).

If you analyze the list, you can see the short terms of the board. This is due to soreness, old age. Some of them, accepting the honorable duty of being at the head, sometimes did not understand the essence of their activities. But the wise, literate and far-sighted have left a noticeable mark on history and religion. Honor and praise to those who thought about the development of the state, carrying out reforms and issuing special laws of honor.

The 266th Pope is a non-standard personality. He first chose the name Francis. He has a diploma in chemical engineering. He did not come to church right away. Passionate about the humanities and earning a degree in philosophy, Jorge taught at the college. In his free time, he visited nightclubs and followed discipline.

Not embarrassed to work as a laboratory assistant and cleaner, Jose gradually approached the clergy. Leadership skills helped to achieve the set goals. Living modestly in a small apartment, the future dad wanted to achieve justice and equality. When, according to the status of the cardinal, he was entitled to a personal limousine with a chauffeur, the choice was unambiguous - to refuse.

The conclave convened in 2013, after the abdication of Benedict XVI, proclaimed the name of the next pope. It turned out to be Jorge Mario Bergoglio. The decision of the majority of Argentine bishops showed the applicant's prestige at the international level. Francis was the first pope from the New World.

The motto for the coat of arms was a line from Matthew, which in a seventeen-year-old boy prompted the desire to live according to the commandments of Christ and lead people. It spoke of simple truths: to be useful to everyone, to endure grievances, to avoid petty honors, not to seek their own gain and glory.

Popes, list and years of government - many of this information will seem tiresome and irrelevant. But analyzing the activities of the heads of the Catholic Church and simply identifying the special features of leading personalities is sometimes useful and instructive.

Holy Father, Viceroy of Peter (high); head of the Roman Catholic Church, His Holiness (official) Dictionary of synonyms of the Russian language. Practical guide. M .: Russian language. Z.E. Aleksandrova. 2011. Pope noun., Number of synonyms: 10 ... Synonym dictionary

Pope- Pope John Paul II. PAPA ROMAN (pope) (Latin papa, from the Greek pappas father), head of the Catholic Church and the Vatican State. Elected for life (since 1389 always from cardinals) by the college of cardinals. ... Illustrated Encyclopedic Dictionary

- (pope) (lat. papa, from gr. pappas father) the head of the Catholic Church and the state of the Vatican. Elected for life (since 1389, always from the cardinals) by the college of cardinals. See the Papacy ... Legal Dictionary

- (pope) (lat. papa from the Greek. pappas father), head of the Catholic Church and the Vatican state. Elected for life (since 1389 always from cardinals) by the college of cardinals. See the Papacy ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

- (Pope) (lat. Papa, from the Greek. Pappas father) the head of the Catholic Church and the state of the Vatican. Elected for life (since 1389 always from cardinals) by the college of cardinals. Political Science: Dictionary Handbook. comp. Prof. Paul Sanzharevsky I.I .. ... ... Political science. Dictionary.

Head of the Catholic Church and the Vatican State. Elected for life (since 1389 always from the cardinals) by the college of cardinals ... Historical Dictionary

PAPA ROMAN- (lat. papa, from the Greek. pappas father) the head of the Catholic Church and the state of the Vatican. Elected for life (since 1389, always from the cardinals) by the college of cardinals. also Fellowship ... Legal encyclopedia

Coat of arms of the Holy See The Papacy is the theological and religious-political institution of Catholicism, establishing the Pope as the head of the entire Catholic Church. In the Roman Catholic Church, the Pope is also the supreme ruler of the Holy See ... Wikipedia

Pope- Pa / pa, s, genus. pl. Pope, M. Supreme Head of the Catholic Church and State of the Vatican. Blessing of the Pope. Pope Paul VI addressed scholars, stressing that the church lends research to the brain and its relationship to consciousness ... Popular dictionary of the Russian language

Pope (lat. Rara, from the Greek. Páppas father), the head of the Catholic Church and the state of the Vatican. Elected for life (since 1389 always from cardinals) by the college of cardinals. See Papacy. * * * DAD OF ROMAN DAD OF ROMAN (dad) (Latin papa, from the Greek pappas ... ... encyclopedic Dictionary

Books

Florentine. A novel in four books. Book three. Fiora and the Pope, Juliette Benzoni. The third part of the novel continues the story of the life and love of the charming Fiora de Selonge. This time Pope Sixtus IV is a formidable rival of the Florentine woman, seeking to subjugate ...
Pope, Indian Elephant, Rafael Urbinsky, Solomadina N .. The artist Rafael Santi (1483-1520) became famous during his lifetime. The richest people in Italy dreamed of ordering a portrait of Raphael. But one day the Pope asked the famous painter to draw ...