Us and nato military bases: their size and where they are. Military bases of the usa and nato: their size and where they are from the prehistory of the formation of military blocs in Europe

- (NATO) North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). Created in 1949, it represented the culmination of the West's reaction to the growing danger from the USSR after the end of World War II. The creation of NATO was preceded by: activation in ... ... Political science. Dictionary.

NATO- (Organization of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization) (NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization)), the defense alliance of the West. powers. Founded in 1949, it was intended primarily to counter the growing military. threat from the USSR and its allies ... The World History

NATO- Novosibirsk Association of Tourist Organizations since 1998, Novosibirsk, organization Source: http://www.regnum.ru/news/353410.html NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization English: NATO, North Atlantic Treaty Organization since 1949 ... ... Dictionary of abbreviations and acronyms

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NATO- ORGANIZATION OF THE NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY ... Legal encyclopedia

North Atlantic Treaty Organization Map of member countries Membership ... Wikipedia

NATO- (The North Atlantic Treaty Organization, NATO) an international political-military alliance created to ensure the American military advantage in Eurasia on the basis of the North Atlantic Treaty ... ... Big topical political encyclopedia

Neism .; f. [ capital letters] Military-political alliance of some European and North American countries, created in 1949 to repel external aggression. ● Reduction English words: North Atlantic Treaty Organization (Organization ... ... encyclopedic Dictionary

NATO- (Soltustik Atlantic Sharty Uyymy) capitalist elderdin basta әskeri sayasi blogs. 1949 f. АҚШ, Ұlybritania, France, Italy, Canada, Luxembourg, Portugal, Norway, Denmark, Iceland memleketterinin kelisim sharty negizinde yryldy. Barlygy 12 ate ... ... Kazakh explanatory terminological dictionary on military affairs

Books

• Nato Vachnadze. Meetings and Impressions, Nato Vachnadze. Moscow, 1953. Goskinoizdat. With photo illustrations. Publishing binding. The preservation is good. For 29 years of work in the cinema, actress Nato Vachnadze has accumulated vast experience. A bunch of…
• NATO. Myths and Reality. Lessons for the history of Russia and the world,. The materials of the International Scientific and Practical Conference "NATO. Myths and Reality. Lessons for the History of Russia and the World", held in Moscow on May 15, 2012 on the eve of the NATO summit in ...

NATO- stands for "North Atlantic Treaty Organization". It is a military-political bloc that unites most of the countries of Europe, the United States and Canada. Founded on April 4, 1949 in the United States, "to protect Europe from Soviet influence." It is a "transatlantic forum" for the Allied countries to consult on any issues affecting the vital interests of its members, including events that could threaten their security. One of the declared goals of NATO is to ensure the deterrence of any form of aggression against the territory of any NATO member state or protection from it.

Which countries are NATO members? In total, the members of the North Atlantic Alliance are 28 countries, five states are participating in NATO's enhanced partnership programs, Serbia is in talks to join NATO's Individual Partnership Plan, and Finland has announced the possibility of joining NATO in the future. The military expenditures of all NATO members in aggregate amount to more than 70 percent of the global volume.

Headquarters: Brussels, Belgium.
Secretary General: Jens Stoltenberg.
Official site: nato.int
NATO in in social networks : Twitter , Facebook , Youtube

NATO member states have agreed to adhere to the principles established by the Washington Treaty. Countries wishing to join the Alliance must go through a multi-stage process, including political dialogue and military integration, and also meet certain requirements, namely:

• resolve international disputes peacefully;
• demonstrate dedication to the principles of the rule of law and human rights;
• to resolve peacefully interethnic conflicts and external territorial disputes, controversial issues of internal jurisdiction, in accordance with the principles of the OSCE and with the aim of striving to establish good-neighborly relations;
• establish adequate democratic and civilian control over their armed forces;
• refrain from the threat of force or the use of force in any way that is inconsistent with the purposes of the UN;
• contribute to the development of peaceful and friendly international relations by strengthening their free institutions and by helping to strengthen stability and prosperity;
• continue to fully support and participate in the work of the Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council, the Partnership for Peace program and the development of cooperation with partner countries that are not NATO members;
• Demonstrate dedication to promoting stability and prosperity through adherence to the principles of economic freedom, social justice and environmental responsibility;
• to make a military contribution to collective defense and to the fulfillment of new tasks facing the Alliance, as well as be ready to commit to the gradual improvement of its defense capability;
• participate properly in the work of NATO institutions;
• strive to implement standardization and achieve interoperability;
• establish through the national program the necessary structure for the planning and implementation of such military budgets, consistent with defined defense priorities, and provide for appropriate training schemes to familiarize personnel with NATO practices and procedures in order to prepare them for possible future participation in the alliance structures;
• become familiar with the relevant legal mechanisms and agreements that govern NATO to ensure cooperation in its structure and the formal legal process prior to membership.

NATO has signed a cooperation agreement with a number of European states. The program of interaction with these countries is called “ Partnership for Peace". There are 22 non-NATO countries participating in this program. Cyprus is the only member of the European Union not participating in the program. Turkey, which does not recognize the Republic of Cyprus, hinders the cooperation of this state with NATO, since the conflict between the Turkish and Greek parts of Cyprus remains unresolved.

Since the end of the Second World War, the political structure of the world has taken on distinct outlines. The military-political power of the Soviet Union, which increased after the defeat of Germany, and the emergence of countries with a pro-communist orientation in Eastern Europe led to the formation of two poles of political influence in the world. Europe was divided into two military camps. The borders of the countries of Western democracies over time were reformatted into the borders of NATO, a new military-political bloc. The post-war strategy of the United States and Great Britain was clearly aimed at countering the expansion of communist ideology, at containing the military-political influence of the USSR on the world stage.

NATO's defense became the cornerstone of the Cold War that erupted in the world in subsequent years. With the collapse of the USSR, the bloc not only did not lose its relevance, on the contrary, it began to massively expand to the east and increase its sphere of influence on the territory of the countries of the former Soviet Union.

First, in Europe, under the auspices of Great Britain, the so-called Brussels Pact was formed, which included Belgium, Great Britain, Luxembourg and the Netherlands. A little later, on the basis of the military-political platform of the Brussels Document, a new military-political alliance was formed. In April 1949, the creation of NATO took on its real shape. The founders of the new security organization were 12 countries of Western European countries, including Iceland, Canada and the United States.

The goals pursued by the creation of the North Atlantic Alliance

Initially, the new military-political bloc was conceived as a defensive measure capable of ensuring collective security in Western Europe and the entire North Atlantic region. This can be traced not only in the organizational structure of the new block, but also in its name. The abbreviation NATO (NATO) literally stands for North Atlantic Treaty Organization, translated from in English it is the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.

Despite the fact that the main point of the Charter of the new organization was the protection of each country of the alliance member from aggressive attacks from an external enemy, the goals of the newly created organization were different. The increased authority of the Soviet Union around the world after the victory over Germany forced the governments of the countries Western Europe look for ways and means of collective protection against the spread of the military-political influence of the USSR. The future form of NATO, the structure of the bloc, was to mark the voluntary unification of countries pursuing common Western European cultural, social and economic values.

The good intentions behind the creation of a military-defensive alliance skillfully mask the desire of the military-political circles of the United States and Great Britain to formalize legitimation military units located on the territory of countries after the end of the war. The locations of the allied forces in West Germany, on the territory of Italy and Norway were to become the strongholds of NATO. Over time, air, naval and army bases were formed on the territory of each of the member countries of the alliance. The number of military bases and regularly conducted NATO exercises were supposed to provide a favorable operational-tactical situation for the military grouping of allied military formations in the European theater, in the Baltic and Black seas.

The main political line of the formed military-defensive alliance is based on the use of any opportunities to expand its sphere of influence. Direct evidence of the bloc's expansion was the formation of military bases in the Far North and South, in the Black Sea region, along the entire perimeter of the western borders of the allied countries of the Soviet Union. NATO's plans, slated for implementation in the mid-1970s, indicated the desire of the bloc's military command to create zones of military tension around the ATS countries and the USSR. At the military bases under the jurisdiction of the regional commands of the bloc, subdivisions of the combined forces were constantly present, aviation units and nuclear missile weapons were stationed.

The organizational structure of the military bloc

Initially, the military-political bloc included 9 Western European countries, which were at one time the center of organized resistance to Hitler's expansion or whose territories were once occupied German troops... The winning countries Great Britain and France became members of the alliance. They were joined by Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Denmark, Norway, Iceland, Italy and Portugal. The participation of the United States and Canada, whose troops were in West Germany and Italy, increased the political weight of the new military-defensive structure.

NATO headquarters was in Brussels. The Belgian capital was not chosen by chance as the main center of the North Atlantic bloc. This was facilitated by a convenient geographic location Belgium and the active participation of this country in the creation of the new organization. The main military force of the new defensive alliance was the American, British and Canadian troops stationed on the European continent. Allied army units and air bases were located in Iceland and Norway. On the territory of Portugal, Belgium, the Netherlands and Italy, there were limited contingents of the armies of the victorious countries, aviation and naval forces were based. NATO exercises were regularly held, in which the army, air force and naval forces of the countries participating in the military bloc took part. The purpose of the exercises was to work out the interaction of the armed forces with various military-structural organizations in order to achieve operational and tactical tasks.

The NATO army, which is a united military formations stationed on the territory of the allied states, was supposed to become an instrument of ensuring the collective security of the member states of the alliance. The main striking force in Central Europe first belonged to the American and British Expeditionary Forces. Later, with the entry into the FRG bloc, the army units of the Bundeswehr began to play the role of a percussion instrument. On the southern flank, the main burden of the alliance's defenses was borne by the Turkish army - the largest of all the countries participating in the North Atlantic Alliance.

Today, the organization's combined armed forces include army, air and naval units that represent NATO countries. In total, today the number of members of the military-political bloc includes 29 states. The military structure of the bloc is united by a common one for all member countries military uniform NATO, one governing body. According to the latest data, the total strength of NATO's armed forces is 3 million 800 thousand people. There are two main wings of the military component - the Allied Forces of Northern Europe and the Allied Forces of Southern Europe.

The headquarters of the NATO bloc continues to remain in Brussels, however, in addition to it, a military command has been added, stationed in Mons, Belgium.

The increase in the number of Soviet troops in the countries of Eastern Europe and on the territory of the Soviet zone of occupation of Germany, the suppression of the influence of pro-communist forces in Greece was the reason for the further expansion of the military-political alliance. In 1952, first Greece, and then Turkey, became members of the organization, strengthening NATO's presence in the Black Sea. This was the period of the first eastward expansion of the North Atlantic block. Trying to identify the true goals of the existence of the military-defensive alliance of the Western countries, the Soviet Union in 1954 applied to join the organization. According to the country's top political leadership, it was a natural desire to join the system of general collective security. The demarche of the USSR can be considered rather political, since it was immediately clear that it was the threat from the USSR that was viewed as the backbone of the organization of the North Atlantic Alliance.

The second expansion of the Western Defense Alliance was associated with the entry into NATO of the Federal Republic of Germany. The military contingents of American and British troops stationed on the territory of the FRG were reinforced by military units of the Bundeswehr, which eventually became the main strike force of the North Atlantic bloc on land. As a counterbalance to the rapidly changing military-political situation on the European continent, the Soviet Union and its Eastern European allies organized their own defensive organization. In 1955, NATO began to confront its real enemy - the Warsaw Pact Organization, which included the armed forces of the GDR, Poland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Romania, Albania and Bulgaria. Today, all of these countries are members of the NATO military alliance.

In Brussels, at NATO headquarters, the Defense Planning Committee, which is a collegial body, was added to the alliance's existing command and control bodies. It consisted of the defense ministers of the member countries of the NATO bloc. Despite the constant striving of the bloc to expand by attracting new members, in the history of the organization there are moments associated with the withdrawal of countries from the membership of the bloc. So in 1966, France left the military component of the bloc, remaining as a political participant. Despite this, France took an active part in the military structure of the organization, conducting NATO exercises on its territory.

An intensive expansion of the bloc's sphere of influence began after the collapse of the Soviet Union. In early 1992, a new expansion strategy for the alliance was announced at NATO headquarters in Brussels. The entry into NATO of Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia, the former republics of the Soviet Union, was the first stage in the new expansion of the Western defensive alliance to the East. To date, the advancement of the North Atlantic Alliance is due to its inclusion in the number of member countries that were formed on the site of the former Yugoslavia.

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Everyone has heard about this intergovernmental international organization and the world's largest military-political alliance. member countries - this is the basic principle of the alliance called NATO. The list of countries included in it currently numbers 28 states. All of them are located exclusively in two parts of the world - in North America and in Europe.

Goals, objectives and structure of the organization

NATO (abbreviation of the English "North Atlantic Treaty Organization") is an international organization of the countries of Europe and North America... The main goal of the military-political alliance is to ensure freedom for all member countries of the union. All activities of this structure are based on democratic values ​​and freedoms, as well as on the principles of the rule of law.

The organization is based on the principle of collective security of states. In other words, in the event of an aggression or military invasion of one of the member countries of the alliance, the other NATO members are obliged to jointly respond to this military threat. Also, the activities of the alliance are manifested in the regular holding of joint armies of the participating countries.

The structure of the organization is represented by three main bodies. This:

• The North Atlantic Council;
• Defense Planning Committee;
• Nuclear Planning Committee.

They cooperate not only in the military field, but also in other spheres of the life of society, such as ecology, science, emergencies, and so on.

An integral part of the alliance's work is consultation between its members. So, any decision is made only on the basis of consensus. That is, each of the participating countries must vote for this or that decision of the organization. Sometimes the discussion of certain issues drags on for a long time, but almost always NATO was able to reach a consensus.

The history of the creation and expansion of the alliance

The formation of the military-political alliance began almost immediately after the end of the Second World War. Historians name two main reasons that made the heads of the leading powers think about new system security. The first is the threat of revenge of Nazi movements in post-war Germany, and the second is the active spread of The Soviet Union its influence on the countries of Eastern and Central Europe.

As a result, on April 4, 1949, the so-called North Atlantic Treaty was signed in Washington, which marked the beginning of the formation of a new alliance under the abbreviation NATO. The list of countries that signed this document included 12 states. They are the USA, Canada, France, Portugal, Norway, Belgium, Great Britain, Denmark, Italy, Iceland, the Netherlands and Luxembourg. They are considered the founders of this powerful military-political bloc.

In subsequent years, other states joined the NATO bloc. The largest replenishment in the alliance took place in 2004, when 7 Eastern European states became new members of NATO. At present, the geography of the alliance continues to move eastward. So, recently, the heads of countries such as Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine have expressed their intention to join NATO.

It should be noted that during the Cold War, the image of NATO was deliberately demonized by Soviet propaganda. The USSR artificially made the alliance its main enemy. This explains the rather low support for the bloc's policies in a number of post-Soviet states.

NATO: list of countries and geography of the alliance

What states are members of this international organization today? Thus, all NATO countries (for 2014) are listed below in chronological order their joining the alliance:

1. Canada;
2. France;
3. Portugal;
4. Kingdom of Norway;
5. Kingdom of Belgium;
6. Great Britain;
7. Kingdom of Denmark;
8. Italy;
9. Iceland;
10. Netherlands;
11. Duchy of Luxembourg;
12. Turkey;
13. Hellenic Republic;
14. Germany;
15. Spain;
16. Republic of Poland;
17. Czech Republic;
18. Hungary;
19. Republic of Bulgaria;
20. Romania;
21. Slovakia;
22. Slovenia;
23. Estonia;
24. Latvia;
25. Lithuania;
26. Croatia;

The military-political union includes exclusively European countries, as well as two states of North America. Below you can see how all NATO countries are located on the world map.

Finally

April 4, 1949 - this date can be considered the starting point in the history of the international organization under the abbreviation NATO. The list of countries included in it is slowly but steadily growing. As of 2015, 28 states are members of the alliance. It is quite possible that in the near future the organization will be replenished with new member countries.