Standard size for all types of bricks

Mankind has been using bricks in construction for more than a millennium. Their remains are found during excavations in ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia. In the powerful Roman Empire, they were used in the construction of private houses and luxurious temples. But at the same time, the size of the brick was standardized only in 1927. Prior to this, each brick factory produced products, the dimensions of which were chosen by the workers themselves or the owner. Following reforms in 1927, a brick size standard was established. This simplified not only the process of erecting buildings, but also the calculations carried out by technologists and architects.

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What are the sizes of bricks

Today, GOST provides for several options for clay products, single, one-and-a-half and double bricks are produced, each of which has its own standard size.

The most common among them is single, it is most often used in the construction of private and multi-storey buildings. The standard size of a single brick is 250 × 120x65 mm., this size was not installed by chance - it provides the comfort of the bricklayer during work, and also guarantees high strength of the masonry.

It is important that thanks to the introduced standard, the calculation of products and the determination of their weight have been simplified. One cubic meter holds 480 pieces carefully fitted to each other and at the same time weighs 1.7 tons.

Standard dimensions of one and a half bricks - 250 × 120x88 mm. That is, it is about a third higher than a single one, this does not affect the weight too much, but it significantly reduces the time spent on the construction of load-bearing walls and partitions.

The size of a double building brick is 250 × 120x138 mm. In contrast to the one and a half, the height of which exceeds the standard one by only a third, the double is more than twice as high. Of course, this additionally saves time when building walls and partitions.

For greater clarity, we present the dimensions of the bricks in the table:

Knowing the dimensions of the usual single, one and a half and double bricks, you can easily calculate the amount needed to build a brick structure.

Different structure of bricks

However, not only the size of an ordinary brick differs, but also its structure. They produce both full-bodied and hollow products. The first are highly durable, easily withstanding huge loads without harm to themselves.

But hollow ones have slightly different properties. On the one hand, the strength of the brick is reduced. On the other hand, voids significantly reduce the thermal conductivity of the material, increasing its soundproofing properties. The shape and size of the voids vary considerably, as does their number. Therefore, choosing a hollow brick should be especially careful, having studied their features that affect the characteristics of the masonry and the entire structure as a whole.

What is it made of

Speaking about bricks and their sizes, it should be said about other characteristics of the material. The most important of these is composition. The most widely used in construction are ceramic and silicate bricks..

They differ significantly in appearance. Ceramic or red, stands out due to its color. It is made from specially selected varieties of clay. After molding, the stone is dried for several weeks, and then it is fired. This manufacturing technology gives it special properties - not only strength, but also increased heat resistance, resistance to high humidity. Therefore, they are considered more versatile, and are used in all types of construction, for the construction of fences and stoves.

Silicate brick has the same standard size, but is available in only two versions - standard single and double. The color of the product is also different, which immediately catches the eye - it is not red, but gray. This is easily explained by the fact that they are made from other materials. The factory uses sand and lime in a ratio of approximately 9:1. Finished products are simply dried - without firing. Due to the different production process, both the appearance and the scope of application are different. For example, it is not suitable for all cases of building houses - in conditions of high humidity, it is necessary to provide silicate brick with additional waterproofing. Also, it cannot be used when laying fireplaces and stoves - with regular heating to a high temperature, the material simply falls apart.

How to determine the size of the masonry?

Quite often, people who do not have a building education decide to design a garage, bathhouse or other brick building on their own. Usually there are no problems here - a durable and unpretentious material allows you to avoid tragedy even if you make mistakes in the design. But still, it will be useful to know the size of the masonry brickwork.

Brick size and weight table, for calculations.

Most often, you need to find out the width of the walls - the dimensions of the foundation supplied under the building depend on this. Keep in mind that this number will always be a multiple of 120 mm + 10 mm, that is, 120, 250, 380 and so on. Having studied the main dimensions, you learned that 120 millimeters is the size corresponding to the width of the brick. Where does 10 mm come from? This is a construction joint, without which two masonry cannot act as a single wall.

However, there is an exception to the rule. The partition can have a thickness of only 65 mm - this size corresponds to the height of the brick. If the partition does not have special requirements for strength and sound insulation, the stone is placed on the edge or, as professionals say, a poke. This provides several benefits:

• Speed ​​up the construction process.
• Reduce the consumption of building bricks and, accordingly, money.
• Reduce the load on the supporting base.

Now you know enough about the use of bricks of different shapes and, if necessary, you can independently carry out the necessary calculations.

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