Subtropics human economic activity. Economic use of subtropical deserts of Central Asia

In addition, with more rain and floods, diseases such as cholera, schistosomiasis, leptospirosis, and infectious diarrhea tend to become more common, Barbosa explains. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Global Climate Change, the average temperature of the planet has increased by 0.7 degrees Celsius throughout the century. Not only that: this warming has been happening faster over the past 25 years, causing several changes throughout the planet, like changing precipitation patterns; rising sea levels; and an increase in the frequency of extreme weather events such as floods, storms, hurricanes and droughts.

In addition, climate change could widen the tropical range, forcing tropical diseases to afflict countries in the temperate region. This moment is not defined, but some reflexes are already being felt. For example, until recently, we did not assume that visceral leishmaniasis could occur in colder climates, for example, in the south of the country, but now there is such a disease in the region, as well as in Argentina and even in Uruguay, says Lindoso. “These data suggest that temperature changes, coupled with population migration, contribute to the emergence and resurgence of tropical diseases in previously free areas of these diseases,” the researcher adds.

Another study by Harvard Medical School in the United States indicated that 60% of the world's population would live at risk of developing malaria. Today it can be noted that the disease is becoming more frequent when it practically does not exist, like the United States.

Over the past 10 years, the country has reported about 10,000 cases - most of them in regions close to Mexico, such as Texas. Earlier this year, the organization called on its member countries to invest heavily in the fight against these diseases. However, there is still a long way to go. Changing this picture requires a collective effort to fight not only climate change but also poverty. Improving the living conditions of people living in these regions is necessary to prevent the spread of these diseases and significantly reduce their mortality. Classic sanitary measures are the best preventive barrier.

Actions such as reducing mosquito outbreaks and maintaining water quality can save millions of lives, says Barbosa. Banana: golden fruit The Pacific? Scientific, socio-economic and cultural values ​​of bananas in the South Pacific.

Free admission, no reservations. In addition to the history of the Pacific Ocean of this mobile plant and the cultural significance of the banana in Melanesia, Valerie Kagi will discuss the scientific and socio-economic assets of local bananas, while her research has shown real genetic identity in New Caledonian varieties. Fortunately, because in the face of diseases, pests and climate change that threaten the global banana trade, choosing more reliable varieties is one of the preferred ways to continue to produce these fruits sustainably.

With 106 million tonnes of fruit produced annually worldwide, bananas are the most widely consumed fruit in human populations and constitute a source of food security for half a billion people worldwide. A huge economic challenge, the world banana trade is estimated at 14 million tons and weighs $ 9 billion.

The banana is native to Southeast Asia and is still found in the wild in the Philippines, Papua New Guinea, and Indonesia. It is one of the oldest domesticated plants by man, who, by the grace of colonization of new lands, spread it in all subtropical and subtropical humid regions. Today, the most common banana group in the world includes 180 wild species and over a thousand varieties of bananas called "dessert" or "cook". However, world trade is dominated by the almost exclusive cultivation of a single cultivar, the Cavendish banana and its intensive cropping system now weakened by a multitude of ulcers.

With chemical control strategies showing their limits, the selection and improvement of banana varieties is becoming a major food safety concern and is at the heart of several international research programs. Cradle of the primary domestication of this giant herb, the South Pacific is home to the unique and original banana reservoir, the Pacific plantain, as a result important process diversification. Some older varieties have interesting nutritional or resistance qualities. In the long term, improved varieties will optimize the management and valorization of this resource locally, regionally and internationally.