Homemade rig for drilling wells with your own hands. Do-it-yourself drilling rig: we assemble a unit for drilling wells according to the instructions. Video: Percussion drilling in action - homemade

Almost every owner of a country house has to deal with such an issue as water supply. A very relevant option today is a do-it-yourself drilling rig. This solution allows you to save a significant amount of money, since in this case you will not need expensive professional services.

You can assemble a water drilling rig with your own hands if you strictly follow the instructions.

How to make a drilling rig yourself?

Making a drilling rig with your own hands is quite difficult, but quite possible. The main thing at the same time is to strictly follow the rules and basic recommendations. You can get an idea about the types, features and principles of operation of a drilling rig by reading the instructions on how to make a drilling rig with your own hands. There is a certain sense in this, since the cost of professional equipment is quite high.

In order to make parts of the drilling rig yourself, you will need:

1. Welding machine.
2. Bulgarian.
3. Drill.
4. Standard set of hand tools.

Among other things, be prepared for the fact that when making drilling rigs with your own hands, you need a lot of patience and perseverance. Drilling rigs may differ in the way they are made. As for the operation of a do-it-yourself device, it is not intended for large-scale construction work. Here, as you understand, one cannot do without specially designed large-sized and expensive equipment.

Before deciding to make a drilling rig yourself, you need to consider some working conditions. We are talking about the manufacture of such important elements of a drilling rig as a rod and a swivel; here you cannot do without the help of specially designed machines with a CNC system.

The main advantages of using a borehole

1. Access to underground water supply.
2. The simplest, and for those who will face such a task for the first time, it will not be difficult to find a special guide with which the well will be completed as efficiently and quickly as possible.
3. Despite the expensive elements required for the device, the systems pay for themselves, as a rule, quite quickly. A self-made drilling rig is undoubtedly a profitable solution to the issue related to the water supply of a country house.

Independent production of a drilling rig

Types of drills: 1 - spoon drill, 2 - coil drill, 3 - coil, 4 - drill bit.

The drilling tool can be made in several ways. Each of them has certain characteristics. In addition, when making a choice, one should take into account some features of the manufacture of the constituent elements. What type of drilling rig is the most optimal and profitable option for you, it's up to you. The main thing at the same time is not to overestimate your capabilities, and also take into account the main characteristics of the soil, the drilling of which you have to. So, drilling rigs can be of several types:

1. Spoon drill device. The use of such a drill is most appropriate when drilling soil, the basis of which is clay and sand. For the manufacture of such a drilling device with your own hands, there are two options. Each of them requires a bucket cutter. The lower right part of the spoon should be made in the form of a transverse ledge. The left side is a cutter. The spoon is made of a durable steel pipe with a suitable diameter.
2. Self-made coil drill. Its design can be compared with a wood drill. In most cases, such drilling devices are used when drilling soils consisting of clay, as well as for dense loams. Drilling with a serpentine drill occurs on the principle of a corkscrew. When it rotates, the soil is gradually extracted. In order to provide the blade with maximum strength, it must be hardened. The incisor should resemble a swallow's tail. It is worth noting that ice fishing drills are excellent for drilling land.
3. Making a drill bit with your own hands. This type of drilling rig is most often used in order to drill hard rocks of the soil. In this case, an angle of 110-130º should be observed. In the event that the soil belongs to soft rocks, the angle should be from 30 to 70º. The shape of the bit can be any, in most cases it depends on the type of soil on which the borehole is to be drilled.

For self-made drilling rigs, special die forging is required.

To do this, you need one-piece blanks.

During the manufacture of bits, the use of specially designed closed furnaces is required, which are equipped with a reducing atmosphere, heavy forging equipment, technological equipment, etc. Production does not allow the use of welding, since such a chisel cannot be strong.

The main elements of a do-it-yourself drilling device include:

1. A rod designed for drilling soil.
2. Blade drill.
3. Swivel.

The bar and its device

The bar performs the function of rotation (manually or mechanically). Due to this, the rotation is transferred to the drill itself. Drilling fluid is supplied through a hose running along the rod.

The standard rod length is 1-1.7 m. If desired, the length of the drilling rigs can be increased. To carry out the build-up of the drill, special locks with a rectangular thread are required.

Bladed drill and the principle of its device

Drilling rigs designed for rock drilling are in most cases equipped with a pair of blades.

There are several types of drills:

1. Boers-bailers. As a rule, they are used to drill a borehole in loose, clastic rocks. In addition, they are the best option for drilling wet soils. Very often bailer drills are used to clean wells, for which a chisel was used.
2. Drilling rig device. It is presented in the form of a tripod, its most optimal height reaches 4.5-55 m. The center is a place for installing a rope block. When percussion drilling is carried out, a special balancer is used, which facilitates the work process. Thus, the tool is raised to a certain height together with the rods, after which it is abruptly thrown into the place of impact drilling. The balancer is high-strength wood beams or boards (sixties).

How is the swivel arranged?

The swivel is one of the most important elements that make up a drilling rig. It performs the function of supplying drilling fluid to a special hose that runs along the rod. If you unquestioningly follow the recommendations of experts, it is better to purchase a swivel in a specialized store. The fact is that the manufacture of this element requires the most accurate processing, for which home conditions are not enough.

In order for a self-made drilling rig to meet all the requirements, it is very important to follow all the recommendations. The service life can be quite long if it is used strictly for its intended purpose (i.e. for working with acceptable rocks). Among other things, a do-it-yourself drill requires proper development.

Creating a source of uninterrupted supply of clean drinking water is an important task for those who live in a private house. For this, it is necessary through which the precious liquid will flow. To this end, many invite a team of professional drillers. But you can create the necessary drilling rig with your own hands. Next, we will talk about creating a hydraulic drill at home.

The main types of drilling rigs

Drilling rigs differ in their design due to the choice of different methods of creating a well. For example, an impact drill breaks up the soil with a special weight tied to a pyramidal support frame. But a rotating drill is a much more complex structure, but it is much easier to make a deepening of the required size in the soil with its help. By type of construction can be divided into several categories:

• Percussion installations. The design is represented by a frame with a pyramidal base, to which a cable with a projectile () is securely attached. The principle of operation of such an installation is trivially simple: the load is lowered and raised as many times as it takes to create a hole of the required depth in the soil.

Drilling rig

• screw installations. Drilling is carried out using an auger that breaks through the ground according to the principle of rotation. At the same time, the recess dug during the drilling process is not washed out.

Attention! Keep in mind that drilling rigs of this type are a design too complex to be created by one's own hands: most of its functional elements are almost impossible to create without the appropriate skills and tools.

• Rotors. Rotary structures work on the principle of hydraulics.
• Manual designs of rotary type. These installations are considered the simplest, to a greater extent for the reason that they do not have an engine in their design. Accordingly, the process of creating a well in the soil is carried out manually, which requires considerable physical costs. That is why such manual designs are very rarely used.

Advantages of a homemade installation

Undoubtedly, a drilling rig for creating a water well has a number of some advantages. These include:

Features of manufacturing various small-sized do-it-yourself drilling rigs (appointment of a windmill)

In general, the technology for assembling various drilling rigs is almost the same (and this will be discussed a little later), but the working tool for structures of different types is fundamentally different. Therefore, to begin with, one should consider the manufacturing technology of the main mechanism (drill) for different designs, and only after that proceed directly to the creation of the main frame and the working elements attached to it.

So, we will consider in detail the most commonly used drilling rigs (installation with a “glass” and auger rig).

Homemade drills

Drilling rig with "cartridge" uses the so-called "cartridge" ("glass") as the main working mechanism. If you want to make it yourself, then you only need a piece of pipe with a diameter of about 1 m. When creating a suitable base frame for such a drilling rig, the dimensions of the “cartridge” are taken into account without fail. The “cartridge” itself must have not only impressive dimensions, but also considerable weight for efficient drilling of the soil.

Advice. On the bottom of the pipe, you can make points in the form of triangles. Thanks to this trick, you will increase the speed of digging a hole in the soil and the quality of loosening.

If you do not want to give the edges of the "chuck" a triangular shape, make sure that they are sharp (sharpen them if necessary).

We will fasten the "glass" with a cable, so it is necessary to make several holes on the load (in the upper part). We fasten the cable and then we hook it to the pre-prepared frame. Please note that the length of the cable must be such that the "cartridge" can fall down and rise up completely freely.

impact glass

Screw installation uses a drill as an operating working mechanism. For its manufacture, an ordinary metal pipe is also quite suitable. Make a screw thread on the top of the pipe, and an auger-type drill on the bottom (the most convenient drill length is about 2 m).

Advice. 2-3 turns on the drill will be enough to create a water well of medium depth.

A pair of knives must be attached to the ends of the drill using a welding machine: they must be located in such a way that during the drilling process they sink into the soil at a certain angle.

To make the design convenient to use, weld a part of a metal pipe (about 1.5-2 m long) to the tee. The tee itself must be equipped with a screw thread inside.

Separately, it should be said about the swivel, which is used in drilling rigs as a compensator against the movable part of the installation (drill) and the fixed part that supplies water. The device of this part is quite simple: a pair of flanges, partitions with sealing rubber rings, the body itself (made from a piece of metal pipe) and a metal bar.

It should be noted that you can make this part yourself only if you have turning experience and the ability to make technical drawings.

Assembly technology of MGBU (small-sized drilling rig)

So, the working mechanism of the drilling rig is prepared, now you can proceed directly to the assembly of the entire structure. Please note that you will need some tools for work: an electric drill, a grinder, a welding machine, as well as a galvanized pipe, a squeegee and a plumbing cross. Consider the process of assembling the structure step by step:

• We prepare pipe sections to create the basis of the drilling rig. They will need to be fixed in a spur and a cross. At the ends of the pipe sections, cut the threads a couple of centimeters deep.

Drill Rig Parts

• Weld pre-pointed metal plates to the ends of the metal pieces (such an installation will allow a continuous supply of water).
• In order for water to be supplied to the installation, connect a pump hose to one of the sections of the cross.
• We connect the prepared parts to the threaded connections. We weld a metal piece with a tip to the bottom of the main pipe.
• We proceed to collect the basis of the installation from a square profile. We connect metal supports to the main rack by welding.
• We attach the engine and platform to the profile. The profile itself must be attached to the main rack in such a way that it moves freely along it.

Advice. When choosing a suitable electric motor, pay special attention to the power rating of the device: 0.5 horsepower will be enough for comfortable and efficient operation.

• The engine power will be regulated using a gearbox, to the shaft of which a flange must be attached. We attach another one to it, and lay a rubber washer between the flanges.
• It remains to carry out the last step - to check the water supply. It must run smoothly.

This concludes our consideration of the technology for creating a drilling rig for water supply at home. Good luck!

Drilling rig: video

Homemade drilling rig: photo

), to create a field for collecting heat from the ground when installing a ground-to-air heat pump, when installing a columnar foundation and many other construction works. A small-sized drilling rig will facilitate and significantly speed up the processes. With some welding skill, you can do it yourself.

Types of homemade drilling rigs

For self-drilling of wells (for water and not only), at least a small drilling rig is required. The depth of wells is rarely less than 20 meters, and it is very difficult to do without the use of even the simplest mechanisms. If we talk about drilling techniques and types of quarry rigs, then you can make the following drilling rigs with your own hands:

The choice of the type of drilling rig for making it yourself depends on the geology of the area where they will be drilling, and the depth of the aquifers also affects. The most universal method is the shock-rope method. Different soils pass well with the help of rotary equipment using water (this method is also called hydrodrilling). For different types of soils, different shapes of chisels are used, and the crushed soil is washed out to the surface with water.

The most “capricious” auger drill in terms of soils, but it copes well with viscous soils - clays, loams, but it gets stuck with boulders and rocky soil.

Types of home-made cable-percussion drilling rigs

In the manufacture of a drilling rig for cable-percussion drilling, there are two important elements: a frame and a glass (cartridge, bailer). For the simplest option, you can make a bed of three or four pipes that connect over the place where the drilling will take place. A block is fixed there, a flexible steel cable is thrown through it. A drilling projectile is tied to the end of the cable. That's the whole structure. This "installation" is put into action by muscular force - the cable is pulled, then sharply lowered. The projectile is gradually deepening.

To reduce physical stress, a winch is installed, for even greater automation, a motor with a gearbox that rotates the winch shaft. At the same time, it is important to come up with a system that will allow you to release the winch shaft and reset the bailer.

The tripod frame is not always convenient - it requires a large area. Moreover, for stability, the “legs” should be at an equal distance from the center. Jumpers between all supports will also not interfere. In this case, the drilling rig will stand securely. There is another version of the frame - in the form of the letter "H" with telescopic rods (pictured below).

The vertical stand is also telescopic. It allows you to change the height from which the projectile is dropped. The rest of the equipment is the same.

How a percussion-rope drilling rig, made by hand from improvised materials, works, see the video. It is not difficult to repeat such a design exactly.

More details on how to break through and equip a water well are described.

How to make a rotary drilling rig

The hydraulic drilling rig must have a frame that allows you to move up / down the motor, to which the drill is connected through a swivel. Water is also supplied through the swivel into the column.

When making a drilling rig with your own hands, the following procedure is recommended:

The frame of the mini drilling rig consists of three parts:

• horizontal platform;
• vertical frame;
• movable frame (carriage) on which the motor is fixed.

The base is cooked from a thick-walled pipe - wall thickness 4 mm, minimum - 3.5 mm. Better - from a profiled section of 40 * 40 mm, 50 * 50 mm or so, but a round one is also suitable. In the manufacture of the frame of a small drilling rig, accuracy is not important. It is important to observe the geometry: verticality and horizontality, the same angles of inclination, if necessary. And the dimensions are "customized" in fact. First, the lower frame is cooked, measured. Under the available dimensions, a vertical frame is made, and according to its dimensions - a carriage.

You can make a simple drill fort yourself - they are made from ordinary steel (drawing in the photo below). If you take high-alloy steel, it is difficult to weld it to the rods. For complex and rocky soils, it is better to buy a drill in a specialized campaign - they have a complex shape, there are many different types.

To make it easier to work, connect two remote controls with the possibility of reverse running. One is put on the motor, the second on the winch. That, in fact, is all.

In the design of a drilling rig for rotary or auger drilling, the main thing is a swivel, but it is unrealistic to manufacture it without experience. For those who want to make it themselves, we will post a photo and its drawing.

The simplest auger drilling rig

If the aquifers are shallow, the soils are soft, you can get by with a mechanical drilling rig with an auger. This is the same tripod or any other frame with a block through which the cable is thrown. Only instead of a bailer or a drill glass, an auger is attached to the cable. In its upper part there is a crossbar with which it is turned.

To facilitate the process, it is desirable to have a winch or at least a gate (like a well). But you can make a rotary drill similar to the one described above. Only the structure of the swivel will change - it is needed without a drain for the water supply. The work of one of the drilling rigs, assembled by a craftsman with his own hands, from improvised materials - in the next video. You can also consider the design features.

And the last moment - a video on how to make an auger for a drilling rig with your own hands.

Far from large settlements, there is often a problem with water supply, which forces the owners of suburban areas to organize water supply through drilling wells. Due to the technological complexity of this process, the best option is to involve specialists. However, an industrial drilling rig for water wells can be expensive, and the operation of such equipment is not always possible in a confined space. In this situation, you can use small-sized drilling equipment, which is quietly located even on a small plot of land. Moreover, it is quite possible to assemble such a device with your own hands, which will save on the services of professional drillers.

The design of small-sized drilling rigs (MGBU) depends on the drilling technology, which can be of the following types:

• shock-rope;
• auger;
• rotary.

Shock-rope installation

A small-sized drilling rig for drilling wells by the shock-rope method consists of a solid triangular structure (tripod), a rope and a metal pipe (cartridge). The principle of operation of such equipment is quite simple. A heavy pipe under its own weight descends and destroys the soil, simultaneously capturing it. With the help of a rope and a winch, the cartridge is removed to the surface for cleaning, after which the process is repeated again.

For your information. For effective destruction of the rock, the mass of the pipe must be more than 80 kg.

Shock-rope MGBU

Screw installation

Auger drilling is used when you need to drill a shallow well in soft loamy soil. The drill is a spiral-shaped metal pipe with a cutter at the end. The cutter destroys the rock, which is delivered to the surface by a screw conveyor.

Screw technology does not use water. Therefore, this method is often called "dry" drilling. At the same time, the inability to carry out the process in particularly hard and loose soils somewhat limits the use of such equipment.

Drilling tools for auger MGBU

Rotary drilling rig

A rotary drilling rig is a technologically sophisticated device that is used for deep work in hard rock conditions. The destructive tool is a drill fixed at the end of the drill string. The rotation of the column is carried out by the rotor, which is connected to the engine through a gearbox. To remove the destroyed rock, a flushing liquid is fed into the face, raising the dissolved soil to the surface.

Interesting to know. There are two ways of flushing: forward and reverse. In the first case, the liquid is fed into the column. In the second, on the contrary, the solution is supplied from the outside of the pipe and removed through the internal cavity of the drill string. Thanks to the backwash method, it is possible to achieve a higher well flow rate.

Direct Flush Rotary Drilling

Do-it-yourself drilling rig

The most efficient technology is rotary. Despite the complexity of the design, such a drilling rig for wells can be assembled by hand. To do this, you will need the following details:

• swivel;
• drilling rods;
• paddle drill;
• gearbox with motor;
• motor pump;
• water pressure sleeve;
• winch;
• steel frame.

The swivel is one of the most important structural elements that performs several functions at once. Firstly, it transfers torque from the gearbox to the drilling tool. Secondly, flushing liquid is supplied through it to the slaughter site. It is very important that the swivel is made of quality steel, so it is better to purchase a finished part so as not to have problems during the first drilling.

The tool for rock destruction is a paddle drill, which is connected to the main structure through drill rods. The length of one rod varies in the range of 1-2 m, and their number depends on the depth of the aquifer.

Important. In order for the unit to be used for breaking hard rocks, the drill must be made of high-strength steel.

In order for the well drilling rig to perform its function without problems, special attention should be paid to the frame of the structure. On the one hand, the frame must provide reliable fastening of the equipment, and on the other hand, it must be sufficiently stable and durable. The gearbox with the motor is placed on the movable part of the device, which moves along two guides with the help of a winch.

MGBU for rotary drilling

Advantages and disadvantages of homemade installation

A small-sized do-it-yourself drilling rig for water wells has a number of indisputable advantages. At the same time, homemade equipment is not without its drawbacks.

Advantages of homemade MGBU:

• small dimensions, allowing to maintain the integrity of the backyard territory;
• long service life - the flushing liquid passes through the tool during operation, cooling it;
• a simple drilling process that can be handled alone;
• the opportunity to save on the purchase of finished equipment or calling professional drillers.

Installation cons:

• low drilling speed compared to industrial installations;
• drilling exclusively in a vertical plane to a shallow depth;
• the complexity of drilling sandy soils;
• the need to purchase components, the price of which is directly proportional to their quality.

Given all the pros and cons, we can draw a certain conclusion. A home-made drilling rig for water wells will be beneficial if you plan to engage in drilling work not only on your site, but also help, for example, your fellow villagers. In this case, the depth of groundwater in this case should not be too large. If the well needs to be drilled only by you, while the water quality must comply with sanitary standards, then it is more profitable to contact a specialized company.

Video: homemade drilling rig

Recently, many companies have appeared that sell small drilling rigs. This is due to the fact that the cost of the finished plant is low, and the demand for it is consistently high. In order for a do-it-yourself drilling rig to be of good quality, the master will have to learn how to use different tools, as well as repair them.

Even a novice driller can master the frame and carriage. These tools will definitely have to be used in the manufacturing process. Various stones and other hard rocks are found in the bowels of the earth, which is why the instrument often breaks. This cannot be avoided, so the driller must learn how to repair it.

A small-sized drilling rig does not differ in characteristics from those offered by factory manufacturers. Power will depend on the motor.

Advantages of a homemade installation

• The quality of a factory drilling rig is often lower than a home-made one, as sometimes there are shortcomings
• Savings due to low cost.
• The absolute identity of all the characteristics that the factory setting has.

Manufacturing technology

Owners of country houses often use two types of drilling: rotary and impact. Small rotary drills are quite complex and only work well in soft ground. Large ones are more practical, you can work at an angle, but they are difficult to implement and costly.

Hammer drilling is much easier. An impact bit is placed in the well, which destroys the rock.

Drilling cable-impact type

Such an installation is compact and mobile, and also has a good margin of safety. You can work on it alone, but it is better to invite a partner, it will be more reliable.

To make a drilling rig with your own hands, you need to have a grinder, a drill, a welding machine and a set of necessary tools. In order to save money, some parts of the drilling equipment, such as the swivel and tips, can be made on the machine or ordered from a specialist.

To facilitate the workflow, the unit can be connected to a gearbox. A cable is attached to it, on which a cartridge or bailer is attached. The main part of this type of installation is the cartridge. To make it, you need to have a piece of thick pipe with a diameter of about 100 mm. At the bottom, you can make pointed edges to better loosen the soil.

To secure the rope, several holes must be made. In length, the cartridge can be from 1 to 2 m. The bailer should be quite heavy.

In order for the drill to rotate, another piece of pipe, approximately 1.5 m long, must be attached to the female tee. The tee can be screwed onto a special rod with a length of 1.5 m. The drill must be deepened into the ground and rotated three times. After that, you can remove and clean from the soil. This process should be done until the hole is 1 meter deep.