Choosing the type of floor for a one-story house

An overlap is a horizontal load-bearing structure that divides a building vertically. Its upper surface, as a rule, is the floor of the overlying floor, and the lower side is the ceiling of the underlying one. This article selects floors for a one-story house.

Conventionally, overlaps are divided into:

• Attic, separating the attic and floor;
• Attic, separating the attic from the floor;
• Interfloor, separating adjacent floors;
• Basement, separating the first floor from the basement.

Requirements for floor structures

Since these structural elements are one of the most critical components of the entire building, there are a number of requirements for them, the fulfillment of which is mandatory:

• The bearing capacity must meet the operational loads;
• The design must have the necessary rigidity and the least deflection;
• The presence of sound and heat insulation characteristics, in accordance with current building codes;
• The fire resistance of the ceiling must correspond to the class of the building.

Choosing the type of floor for a one-story house

The type of overlap depends on its location in the structural scheme and the type of building. Ceilings for a one-story house with floors on the ground are made only attic. If there is a basement or attic in such a building, interfloor ceilings are made that carry a large load.

Often, in the construction of one-story country houses, a system of wooden beams and decking is used to cover the attic and basement spans. In more permanent structures, as a rule, floors for a one-story house are made of monolithic or prefabricated reinforced concrete.

Each type of flooring is suitable for structures of a certain type. Wooden structures are the most inexpensive and least labor-intensive. They can be used for any type of vertical separation exclusively in wooden houses and small cottages.

Monolithic reinforced concrete can be used in almost all buildings, except for wooden ones. Such floors are stronger, fire resistant and durable than wooden structures. But they are also more expensive. For their device, much more labor is required. In one-story houses, this technology is used for the construction of basement and attic floors.

The easiest to perform, but also the most expensive type of flooring is prefabricated reinforced concrete slabs. In addition, they cannot be used in wooden structures and buildings with a load-bearing structure thickness of less than 200 mm. They are used in one-story construction mainly for basement and attic floors.