How does the ktpn stand for electrics? What is a ktp, what types of ktp are (mtp, stp, ostp, ktpsh). Requirements of resistance to external influences

KTP is a transformer substation that increases or decreases the voltage in the AC network. In addition, one of the main tasks of this equipment is considered to be the distribution of electricity through the power supply systems of consumers. The device avoids voltage surges that often occur during the transmission of electrical current.

The power supply of the transformer substation is carried out through power lines with a voltage of 6 to 10 kV. This value is reduced by the equipment of the electrical installation to a consumer value of 0.4 kV.

The KTP design includes:

1. RUVN - high voltage distribution device.
2. RUNN - low voltage distribution device.
3. One or two power transformers.
4. Additional and secondary devices.

RUVN provides reception of high voltage and its further distribution. The device includes fuses that provide protection for the operation of transformers and equipment. Circuit breakers are used to disconnect the load in an emergency. The RUVN includes a set of low-voltage devices that receive and distribute 0.4 kV alternating current. The RUNN includes:

1. Protective circuit breakers for input and distribution.
2. Power switches that disconnect live equipment.
3. Current transformers, which are optional equipment and are designed for the use of measuring instruments.
4. Heating system for the substation room and electricity meters.
5. Protection device and reserve connection.

At the KTP substation, oil and dry power transformers can be used. If electrical installations are oil, then more complex insulation is used, and there are compartments in the floor for emergency oil discharge. When using a dry converter, simplified insulation is used.

Additional equipment includes:

• support, pin and bushing insulators;
• voltage limiters.

These devices are used to connect KTP using an overhead line from the nearest power line. The receiving equipment is fastened with a bolted connection on the roof of the transducer directly above the compartment of the switchgear and switchgear.

To protect the specialists who maintain the equipment, a ground loop is provided. It is made of a metal strip buried along the perimeter of the KTP 40-50 cm deep. All equipment is connected to it to protect it from stray currents.

Classification of electrical installations

The equipment is classified by structural elements, location, circuit diagrams and devices used. At the location of electrical installations, they can be closed (ZKTP) and open (OKTP). Open equipment is installed directly on sites, and closed equipment is installed inside premises and workshops.

By type of assembly, KTPs are:

• block electrical installations in a concrete casing;
• in a casing made of sandwich panels;
• in a metal case.

According to the method of service, the transformer substations can be with or without a corridor. Low voltage electrical devices are divided into dead-end (KTPT) and checkpoints (KTPP). Both of these are kiosk-type substations, meaning they are considered mobile equipment.

The mobile compact assembly is protected from extraneous influences by a metal sheath. Frequency substation (KChTP) is mounted on a flat rammed platform, concrete slabs or a poured foundation.

Equipment diagram

The substation scheme is developed taking into account the power supply system for a particular facility. The manufacturer tries to make it as simple as possible so that the number of switching devices is minimal. For this, automatic devices are used.

When developing a scheme, priority is given to:

• the use of tires of the same design;
• use of block schemes;
• installation of automation and telemechanics systems.

If two power transformers are used in the substation, then their separate operation is planned. This makes it possible to reduce short-circuit currents.

Sometimes transformer substations are used in parallel operation, as in some cases it is quite advisable. If an emergency occurs during parallel operation of step-down transformers in the same circuit, then both equipment are automatically turned off.

Selection principles

Electrical systems use substations with one or two power transformers. KTP with three power plants are used very rarely, only in forced situations, as this causes unnecessary costs.

Usually, such a scheme is used with separate power supply for power and lighting equipment or to provide electricity to objects during sudden changes in loads. At large substations, specialists try to use only two transformers to provide consumers with a more reliable power supply.

When the production uses several places for power supply or provides electricity according to the scheme of a more complex input, it is allowed to use one power transformer. In case of electrical supply via main lines, it is recommended to connect substations to different circuits, provided that there is a reserve.

Substations with one and two transformers

Electrical installations with one power transformer are considered more profitable, since at low loads, some devices can be disconnected due to jumpers. At the same time, more economic operating conditions are created, that is, power losses in electrical installations are insignificant. Single-transformer substations can be more profitable in terms of bringing 6-10 kV transmission lines closer to consumers.

Therefore, users often use two one-transformer substations instead of one two-transformer. KTP with two transformers are more often used with a large number of electrical consumers of 1 and 2 categories. When planning the power supply system, the power of the transformers is selected so that when one device fails, the other takes over the load.

The supply of electricity to a settlement, a microdistrict of a city or an enterprise can be carried out from one or several substations. The selection is made after a technical and economic comparison of several electricity supply options. The preference is given to the option that gives the minimum costs for the device of the entire power supply system.

At the same time, the compared alternatives should ensure the required level of reliability of the electricity supply. In this case great importance has an accurate calculation of the power of each transformer. At industrial enterprises, specialists give preference to the capacity of one electrical device equal to 630, 1000 or 1600 kVA, and in microdistricts of cities - 400, 630 kVA.

Designers try to take into account the use of the same type of package transformer substations, since this is a more convenient option for installation and maintenance. When choosing the power of an electrical installation, the consumer's load, the duration of the maximum load value, the rate of its increase, the price for electricity are taken into account. In this case, it is important to accurately calculate the load capacity of each transformer in the substation.

In practice, the load of a power electrical device for a long period does not exceed the nominal value, which prolongs its service life. In addition, when calculating power electrical installations, the ambient temperature of +40 ° C is taken into account, but in practice it does not rise above +30 ° C on average. The average service life of a complete transformer substation is 20-25 years.

Outdoor stationary complete transformer substations are designed to receive, convert and distribute electrical energy of three-phase alternating current with a frequency of 50 Hz, rated voltage 6 (10) / 0.4 (0.69) kV, in conditions of moderate (U) and moderate cold (UHL ) climate and placement category 1 in accordance with GOST 15150.

The design of the KTPN provides for the requirements for the ease of maintenance of the UVN and LVDN. KSO doors in UVN have windows for visual observation of the condition of the equipment without disconnecting the voltage from the main circuits of the KTPN. The transformers are installed so that the requirements for safe monitoring of the level of transformer oil in the tank are met. In the compartment of the power transformer, a swivel mirror can be provided (at the request of the customer), the angle of inclination of which is set when the KTPN is connected to operation. The design of the KTPN in terms of mechanical strength ensures normal operating and transportation conditions without any residual deformations or damage that impede the normal operation of the KTPN.

LVS and UVN equipment withstands the number of switching-ons-disconnections established by the relevant standards for switching devices. The design of the KTPN ensures the normal functioning of measuring and metering, control and signaling devices during the operation of built-in devices.

The design of the KTPN provides the possibility of replacing the power transformer without dismantling the LVSN and UVN. Dismountable joints of assembly units and all bolted joints of KTPN are equipped with devices that prevent self-unscrewing. KTPN are delivered fully assembled or transport blocks prepared for assembly at the installation site without disassembling the switching devices, checking the reliability of bolted connections and the correctness of internal connections. KTPN and separate cabinets or transport units have devices for lifting and moving. Slinging diagrams of KTPN blocks are shown on the facade of the building.

KTPN external doors are hinged at an angle of at least 95 °, and have locks and handles. The handles can be removable or combined with a key or latch. One of the leaves of the outer gates of the KTPN can be additionally closed with locks from unauthorized access inside. UVN and RUNN door locks are locked with keys with different secrets and can withstand 1000 openings and closings. The outer doors of the substation are locked in end positions.

In the UVN and LVNN KTPN UHL1, air heating is provided (using heating elements) to ensure the operating conditions of the installed equipment in accordance with the requirements of standards and technical conditions for this equipment. The heating devices are switched on and off automatically and manually.

For the purpose of protection against electric shock, equalization of potentials, protection against dangerous effects of lightning, a grounding device (ZU) is mounted in the building, consisting of an internal ground loop. For connection to the external ground loop, at least two outlets of the internal ground loop strip are provided at the corners of the building.

Anticorrosive protection of steel structures is carried out with primer-enamel. Before applying paint to a steel surface, it is first cleaned from dirt, dust, oil, then degreased and cleaned to degree 2 in accordance with GOST 9.402-2004.

The KTPN design provides installation on a flat platform (foundation) using bolts or welding to embedded parts.

Specifications

Symbol structure

X KTP X - X X X X - X / X / X XX

The number of used transformers (with one transformer, the number is not set)

KTP - a complete transformer substation manufactured by LLC "Chelyabinsk Electrical Equipment Plant"

Installation classification:

• B - indoor substation
• H - outdoor installation
• P - mobile

Execution classification:

• W - on the chassis
• C - on skids
• K - kiosk execution
• B - block-modular design
• M - modular design

Connection classification:

• T - dead end
• P - checkpoint

Input classification from HV side:

• K - cable
• B - air

Output classification from LV side:

• K - cable
• B - air
• Ш - tire

Power transformer power, kVA

Rated voltage on the HV side, kV

Rated voltage on the LV side, kV

Classification of performances

Constructive execution

Consists of one building, inside which all the necessary equipment is installed.

Consists of several block-modular buildings, after the installation of which a single structure is formed, inside which all the necessary equipment is mounted.

Composition of KTPN

KTPN building

The building is an all-welded metal module. Dimensions are determined by the manufacturer together with the customer based on the technical requirements and the method of transportation.

The building structures of the building provide:

• preservation of the specified thermal parameters of the premises in accordance with SNiP 23-02-2003;
• the necessary manufacturability during manufacture and assembly at the plant, transportation, installation and operation;
• the minimum mass of building structures based on the use of new effective materials;
• optimal reliability and aesthetics of building structures.

The base frames of BMZ are made of a square tube in accordance with GOST 26020-83. Hot-rolled channels according to GOST 8240-97 are used as auxiliary frame structures. The bases are lined on top with a corrugated steel sheet of 4.0 mm, and on the bottom of the base - with a steel sheet of 2.0 mm GOST 19903-90. The base is laid with mineral insulation with a layer thickness of up to 160 mm. The supporting frame is welded and made of bent-closed square and rectangular welded profiles in accordance with GOST 30245-2003. The enclosing structures are made of steel sheet 3 mm thick. A sandwich panel with polyurethane foam and mineral wool insulation, with a thickness of 60 to 100 mm, is used as a heater. The roof is covered with a profiled sheet on top of a sandwich panel.

The color scheme of the modular building is carried out in accordance with the customer's requirements.

All materials used are certified. The use of non-certified materials is not allowed.

The design of the UVN in the KTPN provides connection to an overhead and (or) cable line. UVN can be installed a single-sided service chamber of the type:

• KSO-366 with a disconnector (with a transformer power of 25 to 160 kVA);
• KSO-366 with a load switch (with a transformer power from 250 to 630 kVA);
• KSO-203 with a vacuum circuit breaker (with a transformer power from 1000 to 2500 kVA).

In the KTPN, the output of the power buses or cable from the UVN to the inputs of the power transformer is carried out through an insulating plate or bushings located in the partition between the transformer compartment (TO) and the UVN.

Transformer compartment (TO)

The TO design provides the installation of a power transformer of the required power. THEN usually has double doors (or gates) on one side. Other execution of TO is allowed in accordance with the questionnaire. The doors of the TO are equipped with ventilation grilles or electric shutters, which are designed to provide natural ventilation in the summer. If maintenance is required, an exhaust fan is installed to provide cooling.

An opening for emergency drainage of transformer oil is provided in the floor of the TO (when installing an oil transformer), if necessary, a container for emergency drainage of oil is provided directly at the base of the TO KTPN.

In order to prevent accidental penetration into the TO when the load switch or disconnector is on, wooden barriers are provided, installed in special lugs on the vertical posts of doorways.

Low voltage switchgear

The design of LV switchgear in KTPN provides connection to an overhead or cable line. Low-voltage complete devices are installed in the low-voltage switchgear, manufactured according to the technical assignment or according to the typical grid of circuits (LVCD section, page 47). Low voltage switchgear is recruited from cabinets depending on the number of outgoing feeders, the number of power transformers and the presence of sectioning. Controls, indications, measuring instruments are installed on the cabinet doors.

The power buses or cables are inserted into the low voltage switchgear from the power transformer terminals through an insulating plate or glands located in the partition between the TO and the low voltage switchgear.

Openings for outgoing cables are provided in the floor of the LV switchgear. The number of holes in the floor is determined by the KTPN schematic diagram and the requirements project documentation... The holes can be closed with rubber seals or canvas sleeves.

To connect to the 6 (10) kV overhead line on the roof of the KTPN, above the UVN or LVNN compartment, a device for external connections is installed and fastened to the roof with bolts. The joints are rubber sealed to ensure the required degree of protection.

The device for external connections consists of:

• air entry portal;
• support insulators;
• bushings;
• pin insulators;
• surge suppressors.

Requirements of resistance to external influences

KTPN are operated outdoors at any time of the year or day and have the following parameters of resistance to external influencing environmental factors:

• ambient temperature:
  • for version U1 - from minus 45 to plus 40 ° С;
  • for UHL1 version - from minus 60 to plus 40 ° С;
• height above sea level no more than 1000 m;
• humidity 75% at a temperature of plus 15 ° С;
• atmospheric pressure - from 86.6 to 106.7 kPa;
• type of atmosphere according to GOST 15150 - II (industrial);
• non-explosive environment, not containing explosive dust, aggressive gases in concentrations that destroy metals and insulation;
• seismic resistance in accordance with GOST 17516.1 - up to 9 points on the MSK-64 scale.

Substation equipment

• In the substation, depending on customer requirements work lighting can be performed with various types of luminaires. If it is necessary to install emergency lighting, LED emergency lamps with built-in rechargeable batteries are used. Outdoor lighting is available on request.
• Ventilation natural and (or) forced, designed to dilute and remove excess heat from equipment and solar radiation. Naturally driven inflow through external louvers
• Heating electric with automatic maintenance of temperature not lower than plus 5 ° С, made by convectors with a power of 1.5 kW or with manual activation.

• If necessary, the KTPN is equipped with a system security and fire alarm with the ability to connect to external devices.
• To increase the safety of the operating personnel, KTPN are equipped with the necessary personal protective equipment.
• Spare parts kit supplied by prior order according to the approved list.
• List of documents corresponds to the statement of operational documents.

Transportation

KTPN is transported by default without packaging, if necessary, a special shrink film is used. All openings are closed with plugs and protected from atmospheric precipitation, as well as the possibility of opening the doors and covers of the substation in order to protect the breakable and easily removable parts is excluded. The doors of all compartments are locked and sealed.

KTPN are transported fully assembled or by separate transport blocks with a length of not more than 12 m. It is allowed, by agreement between the manufacturer and the consumer, to transport the KTPN in blocks with a length of more than 12 m.

Transportation of KTPN is carried out:

• by rail;
• by car;
• river transport.

KTP can be deciphered as an abbreviation for complete transformer substations, which are used so that the current of the high-voltage network can be changed.

Traditionally, such structures are made in the form of a metal case with a transformer converter located inside, assuming from 25 to 4 thousand kW of power. The neutral of such substations is grounded. It is possible to use them virtually everywhere - at small industrial facilities, in various residential areas, in agricultural enterprises, in construction.

The key advantages of these facilities are reliable operation and relatively low cost. The price of a transformer substation is twice, and sometimes even three times lower than that of substations made of transformers. These power supply facilities are produced according to a special methodology in conditions of strict adherence to the standards that are regulated by GOSTs. As a result, if required, this equipment is quite possible to "KTP" completely under various requirements.

KTP types

TP (transformer substations) are subdivided according to their location into outdoor and indoor locations. The equipment of the TP of internal installation is located in the main building. Traditionally, this type of substation is used at production facilities. Outdoor electrical substations are more widely used in urban communications. Their sizes can be varied. Foundations are poured under especially bulky equipment.

The capacities and use of KTP are very diverse. For this indicator, these electrical installations are divided into the following options:

By structural elements, stations of this type are divided into mast, ground and integrated. The first are located on vertical pillars. Ground-based substations are completed in metal, reinforced concrete housings or in blocks of sandwich panels.

General characteristics

KTPs are traditionally used in power supply complexes for their own needs of consumers, manufacturing companies, as well as mines and mines. If we take into account two-component substations, then we must take into account that they have a sectional module, which includes two inputs, including from a diesel power plant (diesel power plant).

The environment must meet the following requirements:

• Explosion proof.
• It should not contain vapors and gases hostile to insulating materials.
• Dust conductive electricity, should be absent.

Device

The usual set of power supplies consists of 3 parts. All of them are housed in a metal casing, a welded sheet and profile casing. It houses the high voltage device (high voltage device), low voltage low voltage switchgear and the transformer itself.

For maintenance purposes, electricians enter the premises by means of swing gates. All electrical connections are made using busbar connections or flexible connections. The KTP also includes a device for external inclusions and other components that maintain the required parameters.

External transformer stations, unlike KTPM (mast substations), have a much wider range of capacities. This makes it possible to use external complete devices in the widest range of applications, and there are also samples with 25-4 thousand kilovolt ampere characteristics.

The normal operation of the KTPN is due to the organization of installation work prescribed by special standards. The manufacturer has the ability to deliver the device to the site of operation, block-by-block or completely assembled. On the front side there is an assembly diagram.

Shipping elements ready for installation works... It is not necessary to disassemble the switching equipment. The reliability of the hidden connections is checked before starting the assembly. The assembly components are equipped with special devices for the use of lifting mechanisms for movement and lifting. The assembled substation is placed on a flat surface. Before the start of use, tests of all complexes of the electrical substation are organized.

Completeness

The set of devices and systems for the KTPN device is diverse. Most used components:

The list of tools used is adjusted by the wishes of the customer.

Types of transformer stations

A wide variety of complete devices are now produced. Substations of the first type are connected to only one power line. They are called dead ends. Substations of the second type are connected to two power lines. These are checkpoint KTPs. Third, the most frequently used are kiosk power substations.

Explanation of the abbreviation KTP:

K - complete

T - transformer

P - substation

• Decoding KTPN: added installation type - outdoor.
• Decoding BKTP-block.
• Decoding of other types of KTP in electrics:

KTPM - mast

KTPSh-cabinet

KTPS - pole

KTPP - mobile

VKTP - intrashop

KTPNU - external installation

KTPVU - internal installation

KTPTAS - dead end

KTPPAS - checkpoint

KTPB - block

KChTP - frequency

KTPSN - auxiliary substation

KTPK - kiosk type. KTP TAS, KTP PAS kiosk type presuppose one- or two-transformer substations of an external installation and operate to receive electrical energy of 50 Hz current with a voltage of 6 or 10 kV, its transit (substation of the pass-through type) and transformation into electricity with a voltage of 0.4 kV. As well as power supply and consumer protection settlements, industrial and other facilities in areas with different temperatures (from minus 45 to plus 40 degrees).

Explanation of the symbolic designation KTP TAS, KTP PSA

X KTP X X X X

X - 2 - two-transformer

KTP - complete transformer substation

X - T - dead end; P - checkpoint

X - CA - fixed circuit breaker 0.4 kV

X - M - modernized

X - transformer power, kVA

Technical regulations

Power substations receive, distribute and convert alternating electrical current.

KTP technical standards:

KTPN cannot be used:

In case of vibration, pulsation, shock and explosive factors,

To receive power on the 0.4 kV side,

Application specifics

Key instrumentation, which need regular repairs in electrical substations, are considered the technology of distribution boards and, in fact, the electrical transformer itself. Using KTP, the following rules should be followed:

Installation of a KTP unit in production consists of the following key elements:

• high voltage input device;
• oil or dry power transformer;
• switch cabinet for voltage tap.

During the production, assembly and service of the electrical substation, observe technical regulations, trouble-free and long-term operation is guaranteed. Otherwise, the user may encounter operational problems. As a result, select the manufacturer of KTP should be done in the most careful way, focusing first on the reputation of the firms offering such services.

KTP substation connection diagrams are radial or trunk. Radial, switched on according to the block diagram - power transmission line - electric transformer, are connected tightly. With the main line, an UVN shield is additionally installed. Connection of several KTPs to one line is possible with their capacity of 1000-1200 kVA.

If the KTPN is connected, then the cables are connected by means of the KNTP-terminal coupling of the outdoor installation.

KTP

movable television camera

KTP

Confederation of Labor of Panama

organization, Panama

KTP

quantum field theory

Dictionary:

KTP

kaolinic thermal insulation board

A source: http://izomat.ru/products/show/?id=7

KTP

control and technical point;
control point

tech.

Dictionaries: Dictionary of abbreviations and abbreviations of the army and special services. Compiled by A. A. Shchelokov. - M .: OOO "AST Publishing House", ZAO "Geleos Publishing House", 2003. - 318 p., S. Fadeev. Dictionary of abbreviations of the modern Russian language. - S.-Pb .: Polytechnic, 1997 .-- 527 p.

KTP

heat transfer coefficient

1. KTP-

trailed three-bar mower

in labeling

Dictionary: S. Fadeev. Dictionary of abbreviations of the modern Russian language. - S.-Pb .: Polytechnic, 1997 .-- 527 p.

1. KTP-

Usage example

KTP -6

KTP

safety brake contactor

KTP

telephone control post

connection

KTP

Confederation of Workers of Peru

union of trade unions

organization, Peru

KTP

complete transformer substation

Dictionary: S. Fadeev. Dictionary of abbreviations of the modern Russian language. - S.-Pb .: Polytechnic, 1997 .-- 527 p.

KTP

television channel

Dictionary: S. Fadeev. Dictionary of abbreviations of the modern Russian language. - S.-Pb .: Polytechnic, 1997 .-- 527 p.

KTP

Confederation of Workers of Panama

organization, Panama

Dictionary: S. Fadeev. Dictionary of abbreviations of the modern Russian language. - S.-Pb .: Polytechnic, 1997 .-- 527 p.

KTP

substation concentrator

KTP

work process map

title of project documentation

A source: http://docs.cntd.ru/search/ttkpprktp

KTP

Kirov tram tram

released by Ust-Katavsky carriage works named after S. M. Kirov

in marking, Chelyabinsk region

KTP

complete transformer substation;
complex transformer substation

energ.

KTP

checkpoint of arrival

underground

A source: http://metro.nwd.ru/viewtopic.php?t=3075

KTP

complex process flow

pipeline construction

tech.

KTP

commercial place of business
commercial and commercial enterprise

organization

A source: http://timer.dp.ua/databank/ukraine/abbr.htm

KTP

process controller

in marking, tech.

A source: http://www.irz.ru/products/3/16.htm

KTP

calendar-thematic plan

A source: http://www.upek.ru/obespech.htm

KTP

specific technological process

tech.

A source: http://www.nslabs.ru/software/sapr/otherprod/tflex/tflpro/

... Academician. 2015.

See what "KTP" is in other dictionaries:

Trailed three-bar mower in KTP marking Dictionary: S. Fadeev. Dictionary of abbreviations of the modern Russian language. S. Pb .: Polytechnic, 1997.527 p. KTP An example of using KTP 6 ... Dictionary of abbreviations and acronyms

KTP-1- KTM / KTP 1 Tram KTM 1 8 1957 Year of manufacture Project, year 1947 Produced in years. 1947 1961 Instances ≈2280 ... Wikipedia

KTP- The abbreviation KTP can mean: Control technical point Complete transformer substation Quantum field theory Tourist song club Contact heat-conducting paste Calendar thematic plan ... Wikipedia

KTP- See Complete transformer substation ...

KTP- - Complete transformer substation ... Commercial power industry. Reference dictionary

KTP- Confederation of Workers of Peru camera television mobile television channel quantum field theory complex transformer substation safety brake contactor control telephone post control technical point ... ... Dictionary of abbreviations of the Russian language

KTP with parallel operation of the heating and DHW circuits (increased heating capacity). Conditional priority of the DHW circuit- 5.3 KTP with parallel operation of the heating and DHW circuits (increased heating capacity). Conditional priority of the DHW circuit 5.3.1 Basic configuration of apartment heating stations with conditional hydraulic connection of the operating mode ... ...

KTP providing local hot water supply- 5.4 Package transformer substation for local hot water supply The hydraulic diagram of an apartment heating station for providing local hot water supply is shown in Figure 16. Figure 16 Hydraulic diagram of an apartment heating station for providing local hot water supply: 1 ... ... Dictionary-reference book of terms of normative and technical documentation

Description of the functioning of the KTP with the priority DHW mode- 5.2 Description of KTP functioning with priority DHW mode Specifications are given in Appendix B. 5.2.1 KTP in heating mode. Heating circuit control of the apartment Heating medium T11 from the building heating point ... ... Dictionary-reference book of terms of normative and technical documentation

KTM / KTP-2- KTM 2 / KTP 2 ... Wikipedia

Books

• Introduction to quantum field theory, M. Peskin, D. Schroeder. The book by American physicists Professors Peskin and Schroeder is a textbook on quantum field theory (QFT). It corresponds to a full-fledged 3-semester course of lectures for students ... Buy for 3145 rubles
• Transport travelers club. Trips across Russia. Amazing routes. Unusual technique. Transport projects, Dmitry Kryukov, Vsevolod Nazimkin, Alexander Fetisov. The Transport Travelers Club (KTP) was founded by several enthusiasts in the late 1990s. The KTP members loved to travel and capture the disappearing narrow gauge and conventional ...

Explanation of the abbreviation KTP - complete transformer substation. KTP serves to remove (convert) voltage, distribute and meter electrical alternating current, industrial frequency 50/60 Hz, when transferring it to household networks, rural, urban, industrial enterprises and other objects from high-voltage lines.
Another functional purpose of the KTP is to provide protection of connections against overloads and short circuits. The substations are completed with power transformers of oil (TMZ, TMG) ​​and dry (TSZN, TSZGL) types.
By the type of connection to high-voltage lines, KTPs are divided into pass-through and dead-end substations. They differ in that substations of a dead-end type (type) can be connected only to one high-voltage line, and through two.

Operated by KTP

• height above sea level 1000 m
• appropriate temperature and humidity
• in tandem with an oil-immersed power transformer, at a temperature of +40, - 40 C, with a dry power transformer from -1C to + 40C
• fire and explosion safe environment
• the wind speed in the specified place (region) should not exceed 36 m / s at a critical moment
• the term of operation (service) of the KTP should not exceed more than 25 years.

Types of transformer substations

• In-house complete transformer substations (KTP-VTs) are installed indoors, near the equipment that is used there.
• Pole KTP (STP) - is installed on the poles of power lines.
• KTP of kiosk type is the most widespread type of substations. Such a one-piece metal structure serves to ensure safety and protection from the effects of harsh environments.
• A complete mast-type transformer substation (KTPM) is an open structure that is served at a height. Often used on site Agriculture, cottage and suburban settlements.
• Outdoor complete transformer substations using "sandwich" panels (KTPNU) are kiosk-type KTPs with only one feature, the floor, walls and roof are insulated with sandwich panels. They are used in harsh climatic conditions at temperatures from -30 to +50 degrees Celsius.

KTP design

1. High voltage input cabinet (ШВВ)
2. Oil-immersed dry or power transformer (CT)
3. Low voltage switchgear (LVSN)
4. High voltage conductor (HV)
5. Low voltage conductor (LV)

KTP is a complex equipment to which high requirements are imposed on the part of the customer and when connected to the power grids of IDGC. To do this, you need to take care of choosing a manufacturer with a good reputation and production capacity.

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