Frame technology of housing construction: features of technology and stages of building a house. Frame-panel houses

In today's construction world, there are more and more various technologies, which are aimed at making our life more convenient and economical. Now new types are being created that take much less time to build. Projects of prefabricated houses have been developed, which are becoming more and more popular every day. And this is not surprising, because they have a lot of advantages.

Modular prefabricated house

Distinctive advantages of prefabricated houses

First of all, prefabricated houses are the speed of construction and a guarantee of quality. Projects of these houses are created in accordance with all international standards and safety requirements. They are suitable for those who want to live in a reliable and durable building. After all, these projects were created by the latest technologies, in the course of long and hard experiments, which confirm that for the fleeting modern life such houses are most suitable.

Time saving

By the time of creation, prefabricated panel houses compare favorably with conventional classical buildings. For their construction, you do not need to wait until the foundation settles, and it will be possible to begin construction. This is a new word in the field of construction, which, thanks to time savings, occupies a leading position.

Most world leaders have switched to this species houses, because it is fast, high quality and, most importantly, reliable.

Practicality

Prefabricated houses from panels are folded like a designer. You just need to arrange the details according to the given project, and as a result you can get a modern and reliable house. The panels are folded in the hands of real professionals quite easily and quickly.

That is why these houses are the most economical and convenient solution for construction. You need to spend less money to raise the walls, as if, and much faster, because the panels are fastened together without the use of long-drying mortars.

Of all the types of such buildings, prefabricated houses made of timber are especially popular. They are quickly erected, such cottages are reliable, they are not afraid of any weather. Due to the high thermal insulation properties of wooden structures, they do not let low temperatures into the room. has a lot of advantages.

Read also

Projects of houses from rounded timber

In the summer he keeps normal temperature, no matter how hot it is outside the house. And the familiar smell of wood gives the house a special coziness and comfort. If earlier this type of construction was used for the construction of country cottages, now urban residents also prefer prefabricated wooden houses.

Prefabricated houses for those who do not sit in one place

Such houses are the best solution for those who do not stay long in one place, work interferes with someone, and their own life principles interfere with someone. Prefabricated houses can always be assembled into a van and transported to a new location. That is why such houses are compared with a children's designer. Because it is created from standard structures, parts, and such a cottage can be assembled a large number of times.

The main thing is to carefully disassemble the house without harming the main panels, and then one finished project can be used many times in completely different areas.

Of course, such houses have been built on a large scale in the USA, Japan, England for 60-70 years. recent years. And only today, frame-panel houses have firmly established themselves in the expanses of the CIS. For panel frame house walls assembled from a timber frame and specially prepared SIP panels are characteristic. In turn, SIP panels are two bonded boards of chipboard, fiberboard, etc. with insulation laid between them. Such construction is also called "Canadian technology".

Frame construction is carried out in several stages, but the most important point is to assemble the frame of the house and attach finished panels to it. Subsequently, it remains only to bring communications to the cottage and finish it outside and inside.

Houses built using frame-panel technology, outside with competent exterior decoration, are no different from standard stone or wooden cottages. But at the same time, panel houses have a number of advantages.

Features of a frame-panel house

Important: the main advantage Canadian home is the complete absence of shrinkage. And this means that you can move into the cottage immediately after the construction is completed.

In addition to such a weighty criterion in favor of the panel-frame, you can add the following advantages:

• Cottage by Canadian technology can be built in the shortest possible time. Most often, only 2 months pass from the beginning of construction to its completion.
• Panel-frame cottages can be built at any time of the year. If only not in the rainy season, to avoid getting the panels and frame of the house wet.
• A house assembled from SIP panels on a prepared frame is characterized by low thermal conductivity. So, the walls, resembling a kind of building sandwich, are able to retain heat in the house for a long time.
• High energy efficiency in heating such a cottage. Again, due to high-quality assembled walls from SIP panels.
• In addition, the mass finished house does not exceed 40 tons, which saves on the installation of the foundation. Here it will be possible to arrange a lightweight version of the basis such as pile or tape shallow.

Important: in order for the construction of a panel-frame house to be of the highest quality and efficient, you can purchase a ready-made house kit, which is simply assembled directly on the site from the available well-fitted parts.

Canadian technology houses: prices

To understand how profitable the construction of a private panel house according to Canadian technology, we propose to consider the prices for the installation of such a cottage under different conditions for the purchase of material:

• So, if the customer decides to purchase a ready-made SIP house kit and assemble it with his own hands on a foundation already prepared independently, then the price of such construction will cost about $ 85 / m2.
• If the purchased house set will be assembled by specialists on the basis of the foundation prepared by the customer, then the cost of building a m2 of such a cottage will be $115.
• If the customer buys a house kit and orders the entire scope of work from the installation of the foundation to the wiring of all communications in the house, then the price of such a cottage will be $ 225 / m2.

Building a house using Canadian technology

Stage 1: design

Houses from SIP panels provide mainly for the presence of one floor. In some cases, you can build a cottage on two levels, but you should take into account the peculiarity of the climate in the region for building. There is no need for wind in such a cottage.

The convenience of Canadian technology lies in the fact that absolutely any project can be developed for a frame-panel house. If only there was enough money. However, most often, ready-made standard projects are used for such cottages. But in any case, if there is a desire to have a unique house, different from all the others in the cottage village, then you can give the task to a specialist so that he develops individual project for a panel-frame house.

Stage 2: foundation

After preparing the project for a panel-frame house, the foundation is prepared. It is usually made in two types:

• Pile / column. It is more often used on heaving soils. Pillars or piles are deepened into the ground at a mark of 2.5 meters. At the same time, a sand and gravel cushion with a total thickness of 30-40 cm must be poured under the supports. All supports should be located at the corners of the frame house, under the load-bearing walls and at the joints of the partitions.

Important: if the supports are poured from concrete, then they must be reinforced.

• Belt shallow. This type of basis is about three times cheaper than a standard tape loop. The parameters of the shallow base in this case can be 30x40 cm (width / depth) plus the thickness of the sand cushion. In the process of pouring the contour, it must be waterproofed from below and on the sides, and also reinforced.

Important: strip foundation you can not build on heaving soils. In this case, fill in either monolithic slab 30 cm thick, or arrange a pile / column basis.

Stage 3: assembling the frame and walls

• It is fashionable to assemble a panel house using Canadian technology immediately after the foundation has dried. Start with the floor frame. To do this, use special SIP panels that need high-quality waterproofing. It can be performed using bituminous mastic, roofing material and antiseptics.
• The next stage in the assembly of the frame is the installation of a strapping from a bar. It is attached to the laid floor panels and fixed with anchor-type bolts directly to the foundation.
• Then, the longitudinal beams of the frame are installed in the harness, driving them into the harness according to the tenon-groove principle. At the same time, the joints are additionally foamed, and the beams themselves are additionally fixed with ship nails or self-tapping screws.
• All longitudinal panels at the upper (ceiling) point are also tied with timber.
• Then the entire frame is sheathed with SIP panels.

Important: for the construction of internal partitions at home, thinner panels are used.

Beautiful names of wooden buildings, such as "Canadian", "Scandinavian" or "sandwich-panel", are nothing more than varieties of frame-panel production. From the very concept it follows that the buildings are a frame with filling. Popularity is due to the simplicity of the structure being built, its quality characteristics and, more importantly, the price category that allows you to build a house or other buildings without unnecessary ruin.

The essence of technology

Without going into technical details, we can say in a nutshell that frame-panel houses are a structure, bearing walls which are made of wood, and between them is laid different kind insulation . Technological processes consist in the correct cutting of a beam or other type wooden material, setting up a stable "skeleton" and correctly layering the panels.

Materials for wall panels are a multi-layer structure, in addition to wood derivatives, the production technology of a frame house includes the use of chemical industry products, but meanwhile, this will not interfere with the healthy existence of all the inhabitants of the house.

The material for the main supports and the frame itself must meet the requirements of the most demanding auditor. And if we are talking about the sale of a finished building, then the wood must be properly dried, the insulation and panels are impeccable, the log house is correctly complex and processed. Self-construction will be entirely on the owner's conscience - compliance with or neglect of the rules and technology will further affect the comfort of living.

DIY construction

Erect frame-panel wooden houses with your own hands, using popular materials for this, it is quite possible, but still this work is not within the competence of amateurs. So, before you start installation, you can not avoid actions that are not directly related to the technology of building a house:

If everything is met, then the panel house according to frame technology will not keep you waiting, since the construction takes a little time, only 1.5-2 months, of course, when nothing delays it.

Housebuilding cycles

1. Foundation

When the site is fully prepared, construction begins with a foundation on a previously leveled surface. As a rule, heavy equipment is not involved in the construction of such houses, unless the owners have conceived a three-story mansion with domes. In this case, construction is carried out using bricks, foam blocks and stone. The structure of a frame house is much lighter than composite materials, and this does not require too much deepening of the foundation.

Foundation types are applicable to this type of construction, as well as to any other - insulated, columnar and tape types are popular, with the condition that extensions are possible. But it may also be that the owners want to build a residential building in place of the old one. Please, why not? - This will simplify the work - after all, the demolished house has already shrunk in the foundation, so you can safely start.

2. External and internal wall construction

Further, after complete solidification, they work with the tree, in accordance with the plan. Install crowns, pillars and bearing structures. Erect roof structure roofs. If everything meets the conditions - stability, fasteners, corners, etc., the sectors formed by the crate of wooden structures begin to be filled. For this, derivatives of the wood industry are used - plywood, chipboard, oriented strand board (OSB).

The inner layers of the future house are made of facing boards, drywall and layers that carry practical functions - heat and waterproofing. This is, of course, an incomplete list of layers. Everything is purely individual and depends on the region and the wishes of the owners.

3. Roof

In the production of frame construction, great importance has erection of rafters and roofing in general. The structures of such houses can withstand severe weather, given the load of the region and covering materials. The rafter beam must have all the qualities that suggest a fortress, because the tree experiences enormous loads and works on torsion, bending and compression, which should also be taken into account by home craftsmen.

streaming production

Having measured their own desires and capabilities, the owners of the sites come to the conclusion that even at first glance, the production of a panel-frame house, which does not present any difficulties, is best left at the mercy of contract teams. It is unlikely that the owners land plot have ever been busy wooden construction, while professionals know in detail the problems associated with certain jobs.

Frame construction is rapidly gaining momentum and already occupies a leading position in popularity. When choosing a company, pay attention not only to prices and samples of the proposed options, but also ask: how long has the company occupied a niche in frame construction and what are its advantages over others - after all, you will have to give your own money, so these questions should not embarrass anyone.

You need to enable JavaScript or update the player!

The construction industry is constantly evolving and modern houses look completely different than a hundred years ago. New technologies offer us many options, among which the method of construction is not lost - frame-panel houses.It is environmentally friendly, economical and durable. In fact, such houses can be safely called prefabricated structures. Today, this technology is becoming more widespread, due to its simplicity and accessibility.

Stages of construction of a frame-panel house

The most important step is home project preparation. Most of the preparation is carried out with the help of computer programs, or buy ready-made projects. Many companies offer a number of already finished projects(typical or special).

Having chosen the right project for your needs, the construction of the house begins. This includes several types of work:

1. Engineering-geological surveys of the area are being carried out;
2. The foundation is being built. Since frame-panel houses have an overall low weight, it is enough to equip a lightweight version of the foundation. A shallow strip foundation or a foundation on screw piles is suitable. This saves a lot of money. They can be sent to home decoration;
3. Preparation of the frame of the house in accordance with the project of the truss scheme;
4. Preparation of panels for sheathing the frame;
5. Construction installation. All building elements are immediately brought to the construction site and the house is assembled in accordance with the drawings and plans;
6. Roof installation;
7. Internal and external finishing.

Advantages and nuances of building a panel-frame house

The main advantage of this technology is house building speed. Note that construction can be carried out at any time of the year. This is possible due to the fact that the house does not shrink, so the structure can be built at any convenient time. On average, the house will take 3 months. Installation of the structure on the foundation takes several days. Don't think it's so fast to build quality house it is forbidden. No, this is fundamentally not true. The structure is fairly easy to assemble. The result is a reliable and durable structure.

Modern materials used for panel-frame houses are used only natural, so the house is considered environmentally friendly. Their total consumption is the minimum amount of wood. Compare, a solid wood house takes three times as much building material.

Basalt material is used as a heater. Its use allows you to create coolness in summer, and in severe frosts - to keep warm. An important point: if the heating in the house is turned off for a day, the temperature will drop by 2 degrees! Compared to this Brick wall must be more than 2 meters thick.

The frame allows you to get almost any architectural layout solution. The supporting frame cannot be altered in the future, so choose a project that takes into account all your wishes. In any case, creating your own style in a panel-frame house is not difficult. Yes, for interior decoration you can use gypsum boards, and for the outside - any modern facing material. More often used siding, panels, brick, natural stone and others - everything is limited by your imagination and financial capabilities.

Summing up

1. Panel-frame houses are not only reliable, but also comfortable and affordable;
2. Fast construction time;
3. Energy efficiency, significant savings on heating;
4. Service life reaches 100 years;
5. Environmentally friendly materials.