Search for optimal technological schemes construction frame houses for private construction leads to the formation of certain design schemes and principles for the construction of buildings. Increasing the number of structures created according to the selected design diagram, allows us to talk about the emergence of a separate type of building and the development of corresponding technology. Thus, in the middle of the last century, half-timbered construction was divided into through and platform types of buildings.

Traditional half-timbering can be classified as “through”, in which the rack may not be limited to the height of one floor, and the load-bearing elements of the floor are assembled at the installation site and rest on the floor frame. Buildings of this type make up a significant part of the medieval buildings of Western European countries.

The construction boom in the United States before World War II caused a significant increase in frame houses being built in rural areas and a desire to rationalize, unify structures, and use industrial opportunities to reduce the cost and standardize the construction of houses. Traditional craft construction techniques turned out to be too archaic for those who changed. The new type of half-timbered houses was called platform, based on the characteristics of the technology used.

Unlike the end-to-end scheme, in the platform version the length of the racks is equal to the height of the floor. Each new floor is built in a stereotypical manner, with racks installed at its height. Standardizing the height of the racks and limiting the height of the element to a relatively small size makes it possible to carry out a significant part of the work outside the construction site, for example, at a woodworking enterprise and to bring the elements in finished form. Transporting walk-through racks two to three stories high is a much more complex logistical challenge.

About platform technology

This approach allows us not to limit ourselves to the production of individual elements of the building skeleton, but to provide large-scale assembly. For example, in its finished form, a section of a wall or a finished structure as a whole can be delivered to the construction site, with racks, struts, strapping and other frame elements installed in the factory using templates and jigs, even with sheet material covering the inside or outside.

Obviously, in this form, the platform technology of a half-timbered house begins to resemble prefabricated panel construction. This type of building can be considered a variant or offshoot of frame housing construction, which is true in principle. But a full-fledged skeleton, even created using SKD assembly, still differs significantly in better side from a panel wooden set, since the assembly units are subject to the logic of building the frame, and are not adjusted to the capabilities of the panels.

In a platform type of house, the load-bearing wall has three main elements:

• the lower trim, which is the supporting part of the structure;
• wall posts;
• the top trim, designed to transfer the load from higher structures to the racks and foundation.

Features of construction

Another important component of the building is the platform itself, which gives it its name.

This term usually refers to a rigid load-bearing membrane made of wooden elements that separates the levels of the building and makes up the structure of the floor of the first floor and the ceilings of the upper levels. Construction begins with the assembly of a platform, on which further work is carried out to form a set of walls in horizontal position. This procedure is much more convenient and faster than assembling the frame in a vertical position using traditional through technology.

The structure, mounted in a horizontal plane, can be installed in the designed vertical position not only with the help of mechanisms, but also by the workers themselves using hand winches and pulleys. Part of the wall is secured with mounting struts and braces, and in the freed space, the assembly of elements of the next section begins.

With the completion of tying the wall contour, the work moves to the next level, where it again begins with the construction of a platform, for example, the ceiling of the first floor. The floor beams are laid on the already installed frame of the racks of the lower room, the floor disc is covered with wood or sheet material, and a belt is assembled for installing the lower belt of the racks of the second floor after assembling the wall section.

Frame type with through posts

A building with a through arrangement of racks is assembled traditionally, although many works can also be performed in a horizontal plane with subsequent installation in design position. In this case, the wall post must be continuous or the sections are connected into a single whole using node connections. Simultaneously with the installation of the racks, a strapping beam, board or structure is installed on which the floor or roof beams will rest.

This approach may be considered less technologically advanced, but such statements should be taken critically. Conclusions may be formed in a completely different environment and based on different experiences. The spread of platform buildings in the USA and Canada does not mean that this type of frame is unconditionally and universally beneficial.

As an example, consider our popular type of attic or one-and-a-half-story house. It fits very well into the niche of half-timbered houses, as it is often built as a second or periodic holiday home, where it is most popular. Such a house can have a wall height up to the level of the main floor or exceed it by a meter or one and a half.

Obviously, in this case there will be no gain from the platform design; rather, it will complicate the design. A through rack will allow you to build a wall from 4-4.5 meter long racks, which will provide greater rigidity, strength and the ability to support the ceiling and roof slat on them.

The advantages of a frame with through posts include greater architectural and planning possibilities due to the absence of the need to tie the walls to the contour of the platform. Therefore, the configuration of rooms on different floors may differ, and freely supported floor beams make it easier to reproduce facade elements such as bay windows and niches.

Beam or board

Frame houses can also be divided according to the main type of supporting structures, which can be made of boards or timber. Initially, half-timbering was synonymous with timber construction. This is exactly how all the old half-timbered houses were built. This can easily be explained by the lack of large-scale lumber production at that time and the desire to use more affordable hardwood for beams.

American and Canadian technology construction gained popularity when the local industry had great capabilities for the production of lumber, including boards, which, being cheaper than timber, took a dominant position. Therefore, the board frame holds significant weight in the American tradition. This feature has left its mark on the domestic frame house construction, largely accumulating American experience.

Each type of material has its own advantages and limitations. A house made of timber allows you to demonstrate load-bearing structures, which enhances aesthetic expressiveness. Massive elements make it possible to cover large openings and create open spaces. The absence of the need for frequent installation of load-bearing posts makes it possible to create facades with continuous glazing, which today has already become the calling card of the heirs of Western European half-timbering.

The use of boards remains a simpler and more technologically advanced type of frame construction, providing greater flexibility with financial resources and production capabilities. The value for a private developer is the ease of assembly elements, ease of processing and installation. Therefore, it is difficult to imagine a more suitable construction option for an individual master who is not burdened with excess funds.

New times, new types of houses

Types and types of buildings based on wooden frame include many achievements of modern industry, as it happened before. Therefore, modern versions of structures, components, materials are not something final, but are only an option based on a modern production base and technical capabilities. Special attention attention should be paid to the development of glued laminated structures, ideal for this type of construction. The splicing of timber to ensure high geometric characteristics, precise methods of processing products can have a great impact on the development of structures.

One of the economical types of construction is a frame house. Therefore, the great demand among landowners for such housing is not at all surprising. As practice shows, wood savings are quite significant - about 65-70%, in contrast to the use of timber. The choice of architects is also obvious, because the cost finished houses meets customer needs. In addition, there are Various types frame houses. One of them is sure to please even the most demanding customer. Each of them will be discussed in more detail below.

Many country houses in our country were built using the “Platform” technology. Its use is most famous in Canada and Finland. Thus, in 2000, the publication “ Individual house Platform,” written by Finnish writer Mikko Viljakainen. It describes in detail all the details for the construction of a frame dwelling.

Main aspects of technology

The construction of the building takes place floor by floor, while the lower and interfloor floors immediately become work areas, while the walls of the floor itself are assembled horizontally, and only then installed in a vertical position.

Creation frame buildings It is easy to implement, therefore it can be used not only by special construction companies, but even by an amateur who is familiar with carpentry firsthand. Finding materials should not be a hassle - finishing materials, frame posts with insulation, joists and rafters can be found at any construction base. The main types of frame housing used are frames in the form of a platform, as well as with through posts.

The first is based on the floor-by-floor principle of construction. First of all, a floor covering is created, which later serves as a base for the walls. After establishing the latter, another floor is made, which can also serve as a floor next floor, and the basis for the attic. This method requires the use of a minimum number of workers, which is important for individual builders.

After the walls are formed, the roof comes next, the walls are also insulated, communications are installed, doors and windows are installed. The final work concerns both the external and internal finishing of the building. Canadian technology is especially good for the construction small houses and cottages.

Of particular importance in the “Platform” is the structural insulated panel (StructuralInsulated Panel) or as it is also called the SIP sandwich panel. KTP is monolithic design of three layers, two of which OSB boards-3 (OSB-3) and polystyrene foam, which performs an insulating function.

When building a frame house, there is no need to use heavy lifting equipment, since the frame itself is light and small. To raise the rafters, it is also sufficient to use basic lifting equipment. Moreover, through phased construction, there is no large consumption of construction timber - it will only be needed for cladding the facade. There is no need for stairs, which are often necessary for other types of construction. The staircase leading to the upper floor is created after the installation of interfloor ceilings. To protect it from premature wear, finishing or simple covering is done.

To build a wooden frame you will need the following materials:

• timber with a section of 100x100 mm and 100x150 mm for northern areas;
• it is allowed to use logs with a diameter of 12-14 cm;
• edged boards with a section of 50x100(150) or 25x100(150) mm;
• logs or embedded beams.

It is important to know that the permissible moisture content of wood materials should not exceed 15%.

For one-story building, the frame racks can be made from boards with a thickness of 50 mm, and if two floors are planned, the optimal choice would be beams with a cross-section of at least 100 by 100 mm.

One of the directions for the development of non-multi-level housing is buildings with a frame made of metal structures. This construction option occupies one of the strongest positions in the whole world, but in our country it is not so popular yet. True, the somewhat slow popularization of this method among our compatriots is completely unfounded.

Previously, only industrial, commercial facilities or warehouses were built using steel frames; over time, the use of this technology has increasingly developed in relation to the construction of residential buildings. Regarding Russian developers, application steel frame in house building arose not so long ago.

Steel is preferred as a metal frame material. The base of the racks placed vertically and the horizontally located beds is a galvanized perforated profile or, in other words, low-alloy steel with a thickness of no more than 3.5 mm. The structure is connected to each other using self-tapping screws or rivets. After which the frame is sheathed on one side and the other with sheet or molded material. As in the construction of houses with a wooden frame, a vapor barrier, windproof and insulating material is placed between them. The use of steel profiles depends on the height of the house being built, often the limit is two floors.

In order not to impede the passage of heat and prevent the appearance of so-called “cold bridges,” through grooves with a minimum cross-section are made in the profiles in a staggered manner.

The essence of German technology

Types of frame houses are also represented by German technology. This construction method is essentially similar to the “Platform” technology described above, the only difference is the use of only factory-made wall panels. Many have heard about German precision in everything, and this construction could not do without it - the material for thermal insulation and all the required communications are laid directly into the panels. In addition, door and window installations are performed, as well as basic installation. Regarding the assembly of floors, this is also carried out only in factory conditions.

But the fastening of the building wall panels is similar to the “Platform” technology. In this case, for construction and delivery of materials, it is impossible to do without special lifting equipment, therefore, accordingly, the costs of German frame housing construction are higher.

Superiority of German technology

The main advantage of German technology is its high-quality build quality, however, the price is significantly higher. Doubt the accuracy of compliance with standards this method there is no need for construction - the walls are made from factory panels and are made of high quality.

If the technology of frame house construction is focused on compliance with standards and unified dimensions, in the case of German there is even more scrupulous accuracy. As a result, the frame can be finished using any of the materials. In addition, there is no need to prepare both external and internal surfaces, since any unevenness, be it the ceiling, walls, floor, door or window openings, is excluded.

Recommendations for building a frame house using German technology
After erecting the walls, do not hesitate to close the roof. This will prevent moisture from entering the panels, which could have a detrimental effect. As for the facade finishing, it can be completed within three months. If you do not have time to do this on time, the OSB boards will darken from precipitation, therefore it is not recommended to delay the work on the external walls of the building.

No matter how profitable and fast house building using a frame may be, few owners accept this construction option. The reasons lie in the disadvantages that are characteristic of this type of housing construction. Details about each of them:

1. Some demanding owners do not approve of frame construction, since it does not meet the requirements of high environmental friendliness. However, companies producing sandwich panels often dispute such concerns, claiming that the material is absolutely safe, and providing quality certificates and conclusions from the sanitary and epidemiological service as proof.
2. Another disadvantage of frame houses is not very good sound insulation. However, this problem is not significant and can be easily eliminated with the help of soundproofing materials at the stage of finishing work.
3. Fire hazard is the third reason that frightens homeowners. However, a frame house does not have a higher flammability class than, for example, a wooden house and requires similar measures for protection in the event of a fire as a structure made of beams or logs.
4. There is also an opinion that houses made from panels are short-lived and unreliable. However, as foreign practice proves, such fears are groundless. The expected service life of such a house is eighty years. Thus, buildings in Canada, erected more than fifty years ago, are now no less strong. Therefore, if the owner’s condition does not include the service life of the house being two centuries, frame housing is perfect.

An enterprise in Pereslavl-Zalessky produces frames wooden houses. Such a structure already comes with built-in communication systems and interior and exterior decoration. Delivering the frame foundations of houses will not be any problem. The frame can be transferred to a car using a trunk, or by train. There are three house sizes to choose from: 3.2x11.4, 3.6x11.4 and 4.2x11.4 m. The ceiling height can be 2.5 or 2.7 meters. The basis of the frame is laminated veneer lumber, and the sides of the roof are attached using hinges.

The materials of the house, except for the frame, are light beams for inter-level floors made of galvanized profiles. Mineral wool Rockwool (150 mm) provides excellent thermal insulation. The rough finishing is done either with cement bonded particle board or Chinese fiberglass magnesium sheet. The latter is quite popular in Japan and Korea.

Manufacturers from the Leningrad region have more than twenty different house designs. The buildings are designed for both 1st and 2nd floors with an area from 67 to 200 sq. m. m. The basis of the frame is a rectangular beam (150x75 mm), and the battens are square, 50x50 mm in size. The insulation layer is made of Rockwool basalt slabs, the waterproofing layer is made of isospan. Decoration is done using the siding method. The roofing material can be clay, cement-sand or metal tiles with Isover insulation.

Prices for various types of frame houses (excluding the cost of the foundation and engineering systems):

• 400-720 thousand rubles. – building area from 67 to 100 square meters. m.;
• from 800 thousand to 1 million rubles. – house area from 102 to 140 square meters. m.;
• up to 1.5 million rubles. – building area from 145 to 200 sq. m.

It is possible to build a frame house in Russia with significant savings if you know some subtleties, for example, replacing 150 by 100 mm timber for the top and bottom frames with a pair of 150 by 50 mm boards. There is no need to worry about warping; the boards do not change their shape at all. In addition, the wooden frame can be made of metal. For this, thin-walled structures are used, which are secured using self-tapping screws. Tongue-and-groove oriented strand board is used to create wall structure. And expanded polystyrene as insulation.

OSB is an excellent option for external cladding(three-layer improved wood), and waterproof gypsum fiber sheet for the interior. The chips in the outer layers are oriented along the slab, and the middle layer is oriented across, due to which the OSB boards are well fastened, and they themselves are quite elastic and dense.

Using the experience of many years of work and new technologies, frame housing construction is now justifiably considered an economical and technological option for the construction of high-quality housing.

A ready-made house kit for living all year round is a representative of one of the types of frame housing. When choosing this option, it is worth considering that such a house still requires additional work and investments. What you should pay attention to is environmental friendliness, energy efficiency of structures, as well as the cost of delivery and assembly.

A modern house kit must meet the following requirements:

• optimal final readiness after assembly;
• original design both inside and outside the house;
• efficient use of home space;
• use of installation in any of the areas;
• to ensure comfort and environmental friendliness, only proven advanced technologies should be used;
• minimal costs for further maintenance;
• permissibility of an extension, if necessary;
• affordable cost and minimal construction time.

The basis for building housing using the half-timbered method is:

• Load-bearing structures, which are a base made of hardwood.
• Vertical racks.
• Horizontal beams.
• Braces.

This option is durable and reliable, it is famous for its unique quality (especially if oak is chosen). And also the connections of wooden parts were made extremely carefully, using notches (“on a secret tenon”, “ dovetail") and dowels (wooden nails).

A classic half-timbered structure does not have any metal fastenings, which cannot be said about a modern one.

To avoid damage and rotting of wood upon contact with the soil, structures are placed on stone plinths, or one floor is made entirely of stone. As for atmospheric influences in the form of rain, this is not so bad for wood - due to the vertical arrangement of the beams, moisture does not linger in the wood tissues. And to make the materials more moisture- and fire-resistant, the wood is treated with natural oils. This also repels all kinds of harmful insects.

Fachwerk is one of the most common types frame construction. With traditional half-timbering, a solid frame made of wood or metal is used; horizontal beams and diagonal braces are also present. The advantage of metal racks is obvious - they are more consistent fire safety requirements. The structure is supported by separate posts, unlike the Canadian one, where the wall plane is created by wooden posts. A less expensive type of half-timbering is made of either brick or clay masonry (120 mm), which is secured with anchors. Next, there are 25 mm boards and a layer of mineral wool 80 mm, the next layer is lime brick, lime plaster is perfectly placed on it. An alternative to brick can be monolithic foam concrete grades D200-D400.

Wooden half-timbered frames include posts: 140x130, 190x175 or 190x220 mm. Bars 40 by 50 or 50 by 60 form internal partitions. For fastening, dowels are used. Using 50x100 mm edged boards, frame racks and roof rafters are created, while 20 by 25 mm boards are used for wall cladding. The best cross-section of the rafter system should be 50x150 mm or 50x200 mm. Bars and boards measuring 50x50 mm (40x40 mm) and 25x150 mm (25x100 mm) with a pitch between rafters of about 0.9 m are suitable for roof sheathing.

There is also a premium half-timbered cabin (sometimes instead of premium you can find the name - business class). It is characterized by multilayer sandwich panels and low-emission double-glazed windows. In half-timbered buildings, where a large glazing area is provided, strong racks are required. In this case, the section corner posts should be equal to 300x300 mm, and in-line - 300x180 mm.

Strengthening is also required ceiling beams- up to a section of 100x80 mm, and the Mauerlat beam - 270x90 mm.

The positive aspects of fachwerk are:

• significant savings building materials, it is thanks to this that they have firmly established themselves in the European market;
• expansion of space in the house;
• construction of houses with different layouts (if compared with log houses, the size of the rooms depends on the length of the logs).

The predecessors of frame-frame technology are the German “half-timbered”, French “colombage” and English “post-endbeam”. How reliable and durable the design using this technology is is evidenced by houses that have existed for decades.

Timber Frame was founded back in the Middle Ages in Europe. Later, such wooden houses began to appear during colonization in the United States. In the 20th century, this option replaced the lighter and a budget option frame houses. However, in the 70s, the “Timber frame” resumed again in the USA.

The essence of Timber Frame: this technology is similar to German half-timbering. However, its beams are much thicker and more massive. Besides, distinctive feature from other technologies there is a frame that is load-bearing. It must withstand not only the weight of the building, and the weight of the furniture and people located, but snowfall and wind are also taken into account.

The frame connections are carpenter's locks (tenon and groove) and wooden dowels (wooden nails), without the use of metal fasteners. Due to this, although the frame is quite heavy, it is no less strong and durable. All parts in the frame are adjusted separately. Because in Timber Frame it is customary to leave the frame visible, the wood is carefully sanded, and any sharp corners are eliminated. How one-story houses, and two-story ones are created with additional light, and the frame itself performs a certain distributing function. Compared to German half-timbered timber, less thick lumber is chosen.

The main advantages of Timber Frame:

• according to frame technology, the house looks good and seems completely wooden;
• due to large beams a unique interior is created;
• Compared to natural wood, the material does not shrink;
• installation of windows, doors, stairs can be done immediately;
• the frame only slightly covers the walls of the room;
• decoration allows you to combine the most various materials, be it stone, wood, stained glass or plaster;
• Unlike a log house, Timber frame does not depend on the length of the wood.

Regardless of the type of construction of a frame house, its advantages are undeniable. The speed of house construction, profitability, excellent build quality, and the beauty of housing are only a small part of the advantages of frame buildings. If earlier for Russia such construction of houses was new and raised a lot of doubts, now, focusing on European practice and using the experience of our specialists, it is possible not only to build a high-quality original house, but also to save significantly.

Today, there are the following types of frame houses: frame construction with a ceiling, frame with continuous posts, post-beam frame construction. Construction companies specialize either in just one, or use several at once - it’s up to the client’s choice!

Design Features

Frame structure with overlap - this technology is also known by another name: platform, pallet, Canadian. Each layer of the structure is a self-contained platform or pallet. The assembly of the structure is carried out from the bottom up. First stage is bottom harness, on which beams and floor joists are placed, connected by means of auxiliary joists into a solid pallet. The wall frame is fastened to the finished base. The frame posts are installed and attached to the joists at the bottom of the structure, performing the function of vertical load-bearing walls. Their top part provides the basis for covering the second floor, the installation technology of which is similar to the first.

Frame with continuous posts - a distinctive feature of this type is the passage of vertical posts through both floors. At the level of the second floor, the support board is inserted into the racks intended for mounting beams interfloor covering. This design is characterized by additional tightening of the walls by means of floor joists. The most difficult aspect of this type is the need for parallel arrangement of vertical posts in order to fasten the interfloor floor beams.

Post-beam frame structure – classic version The implementation of this type involves the use of a large number of mortises, bars, notches, and tenoned joints; in practice, assembly is simplified by the use of metal fasteners. The result is a strong and durable frame construction, for which it is customary to use massive beams 200x200 mm or 150x150 mm, characterized by resistance to moisture.

The main advantage of post-beam technology is the ability to withstand heavy loads and the possibility of installation large windows without the use of additional elements in the design. The frame-post method involves installing vertical posts into the soil. You can order high-quality frame houses using proven technology from PROEKTSTROY-P LLC. We guarantee quality, short deadlines and low prices!

Go to:

1. Calculator for calculating frame houses with an attic floor
2. Frame house construction technology
3. The cost of building frame houses with a turnkey price
4. Free projects of frame houses

A frame-panel house, as a rule, is made from ready-made panels. Construction of a house of this type requires the use of special equipment - it is necessary to bring the panels to the place where the construction of the frame house will be located, and a crane is also needed to install the panels and the roof of the house. At the same time, at least 6 people will be required to install and fasten them. In this case, it is not possible to make walls at the construction site.

The panels are fastened together with a special tongue-and-groove connection or use steel plates. After installation, the panels are fastened with a top frame made of timber and the rafters are installed on the house. You can also install roof trusses. The roof can already be built from ready-made panels.
Construction frame-panel house will definitely save you time. If we talk about the stability and strength of the walls of this structure, then you will get this by tying the frame. The construction of such a house can be carried out both in winter and summer. After you have erected the walls of the frame house and installed the roof, you can begin installing doors and window openings, study finishing works inside the building. After all, a house of this type does not shrink. When choosing and purchasing ready-made panels, choose a reliable manufacturer, since on your own, based on an external inspection, you will not be able to assess the quality of hydro-, steam- and thermal insulation of the space between their external and internal walls of a frame house. A simpler type of frame-panel house is a house made of structural and thermal insulation panels.

Frame house

A house of this type is built directly on the construction site. First, the wall frame is assembled from posts and beams. The walls of the frame are connected to each other by the beams of the lower and upper trim (boards 40-50 mm thick), as well as by horizontal jumpers. Additional rigidity of the structure is provided by cladding or jibs installed between the frame posts. To build a frame house you do not need special equipment. Unlike panel houses, frame-frame houses can be built in various architectural forms.

Types of frame houses:

with a frame made of solid timber - half-timbered: the load-bearing base is a section of inclined beams visible from the outside; the space between the beams is filled with brick or adobe material, wood;

frame-frame(“Canadian”) with frequent racks (300-600 mm relative to thin racks with a cross section of 40-50x90-200 mm);

frame-panel, which are based on pre-assembled panels - hollow frames with cladding on one side (usually on the outside, made of OSB);

frame-panel: assembly elements are panels of a high degree of readiness - frame frames with mounted insulation, cladding, with doors and window blocks and even with the facade and interior decoration.
The design principle of these varieties is similar: the supporting structure is based on a frame. However, the construction has some differences that affect the choice of option for building a house.

Pros and cons of frame houses

What is good about a frame house?

Pre-fabricated. The house does not shrink, so you don’t have to waste time waiting and continue construction and finishing work without stopping.

Lightweight foundation. Walls made using this technology are much lighter than conventional ones. This allows you to install them on a light and shallow foundation, which also saves you money. An example is columnar, shallow shallow-depth
or pile-grillage TISE foundations. It also depends on the soil and groundwater level.

Saving money. Lightweight design (700-800 kg/m3) allows the use columnar foundation or shallow strip foundation. For cladding the frame, boards of grade 11 are used (they are 20-30% cheaper than grade 1) or OSB or DSP boards.

Strength. The house will withstand an earthquake of up to 7 points on the Richter scale, as well as heavy winds.

There are no restrictions when choosing forms and construction ideas.

The ability to make communications hidden within the walls of the house However, you should not place the plumbing system in the wall cavity. Remember that laying communications inside the walls will make it difficult to access them during repairs in the future. Electrical wiring insulation must ensure
complete fire safety in case of malfunction.

Rigid house frame protects walls from deformation.

Availability of technology.

Low labor intensity of construction(you can build a frame house with your own hands).

The construction cycle of a house is 1-4 months.

You can use any type of roofing. The roof shape is usually made of wood truss structures with further placement of layers of heat, steam, waterproofing, and then covered with a roof.

Possibility to work in winter.

Energy saving. Walls in frame house with the same thickness as brick, aerated concrete, and chopped, they surpass them in resistance to heat transfer or are noticeably thinner with equal resistance. The increased energy-saving properties of frame houses allow you to save on and,. Less powerful systems will consume less fuel.

A large number of freezing/defrosting cycles.

The rooms warm up quite quickly. Compared to stone and wood, heating occurs faster in such a room.

Suitable for various climatic and geological conditions.

Possibility of dismantling. If desired, a frame-panel house can be dismantled, transported, and then assembled at another location.

Disadvantages of frame houses

There is a restriction on redevelopment. This disadvantage can be attributed to frame-panel houses (factory assembled), and frame-frame houses have lighter panel partitions that are not load-bearing. In houses with a larger area, one of the partitions will be load-bearing, and in such a situation the redevelopment will be only partial.

If the house is very old, then major renovations will not help. The optimal solution to this problem would be to demolish the house and build a new one.

Rodents and bugs can harm the tree. Inspect the wood for holes left by bugs. If there are such marks on the wood, then it is better not to use it. After all, one such frame stand can create a colony of pests in the future. Before installing the device, treat the wood with preparations or use technically dried wood.

Not the best sound insulation. A frame house resists wind noise due to the fact that the space inside the shield is filled, for example, with insulation, and between finishing material The facade and the main wall of the house have a small air space, which dulls airborne noise. Of course, the degree of protection of a frame house from impact noise will be inferior to a brick or log house. Such noises do not occur often, but may not be in favor of a frame house, especially if it is located on a noisy street.

Issues of noise and vibration insulation are resolved by structural and planning solutions. Structural solutions mean, for example, the installation of a “floating” floor on a vibration-isolating basis, as well as sound insulation of partitions, sheathing with plasterboard on a flexible metal frame etc. Issues may arise with sound insulation if you only save on sound insulation of internal partitions and ceilings.

In this case, for the foundation you can use a monolithic concrete “floating” shallow slab, which also serves as the basis for the subfloor. External and interior walls, in the necessary places, in a concrete screed of 30-50 mm, water heated floor pipes are laid on the vibration-isolating pad and insulation. The same is placed on wooden floor first floor. This design copes with impact and airborne noise. Such a floor also has good thermal inertia, and heats not only by convection, but also by radiation, and also forms a comfortable distribution of air temperature in the room along the height, makes it difficult for a fire to spread, and allows the use of effective low-temperature heating systems.

It is not recommended to lay water pipes from metal plates in the cavity of the frame walls. When water is taken from the pipes, evaporation forms, which has a negative effect on air humidity (double waterproofing of water supply pipes will solve the problem).

Fire hazard. Before installation, all structural elements should be treated with special solutions. Otherwise the joints will not be protected. You can also make the frame from laminated wood - it is more durable, resistant to rotting, but also more expensive. The recommended solution, providing a fire resistance rating of 45 minutes, is to install internal cladding from two layers of plasterboard with mandatory displacement of the joints (seams).

If you carefully weigh the pros and cons of a frame house, then an obvious conclusion arises: frame houses have every chance of long-term development, and, thanks to modern technologies in the field of building materials, such houses in the near future may take the place of log and brick houses, taking a leading position in the construction of private housing.

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Frame houses are gaining popularity among Russian residents. They are strong, reliable, durable and most importantly warm. In countries such as the USA and Canada, frame houses have been built for 100 years and many are still standing. The advantages of frame houses are that you don’t need to spend a lot of money on building a stone house; it’s easier and cheaper to build a frame and then sheathe it! Yes, and it’s not so difficult to insulate, modern materials allow you to achieve resistance to freezing like a wall of 3 - 5 bricks. But not all frames are the same; there are several main types. Some are more expensive but stronger, some are cheaper. Today’s article is about the types of such houses...

1)

The cheapest of all. The frame of such a house consists of wooden beams. If you want to live in such a house only in the summer, then a wall 100 mm thick will be enough for you, that is, the timber is 100 mm (width) by 50 mm (height). If you are building a house for everyday, year-round use, then you need to think about insulating such a house; it is advisable to take timber 150 - 200 mm (width) and 100 mm (height). The wooden frame has the lowest price, about 6,000 rubles. Also, working with timber is quite easy, you do not need to use any welding machines, everything can be cut with ordinary saws, and also screwed in with a screwdriver. However, after installing such a frame, you need to treat it with special compounds to prevent rotting and fire (read the article for more details). Therefore, the cost of a house with a wooden frame is the lowest. Service life up to 100 years.

2)

Made from metal. Usually, angles are taken - channels - or a square pipe. This frame is even stronger than wood. Metal elements are welded together and form a one-piece and very durable frame. However, it is difficult to work with such material; you need a welding machine (a professional welder), and special equipment is needed for cutting. Therefore, such a house costs approximately twice as much as a house made from a wooden frame. A ton of square pipe costs about 40,000 rubles. Such a frame can be painted with a special paint, then the destruction of the frame (rust) will be much slower. Service life up to 150 years.

3)

Houses made of light steel structures (more details in the article). The most promising direction. It is made from a light steel profile (and the profile is made from). This profile is not only lightweight, but also very resistant to the external environment; it takes a long time to break down, and therefore such houses, in theory, can last up to 200 years. Working with such a profile is also easy, it is easy to cut, and you can screw “screws” into it just like into wood, with a regular screwdriver. The cost of LSTK per ton is also about 40,000 rubles.

A few photos of such frame houses.